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MEMPERTANYAKAN KEMANFAATAN ARSITEKTUR DENGAN PENDEKATAN GUNA DAN CITRA 用权宜之计和图像质疑建筑的有效性
Pub Date : 2021-11-26 DOI: 10.33005/border.v3i2.71
W. Susanti, Fairuz Mutia, Eva Elviana
The basic concepts of use and image introduced by Romo Mangun became the basis for harmonization in architecture that collaborated contextually with gatra elements. The phenomenon that occurs at this time is that many architectures are oriented to the image aspect, one of which is the emergence of thematic villages that have been transformed into tourist areas. It's like an oasis in the hustle and bustle of city life. The beautification carried out focuses on the physical aspect (image), the local character of the urban village is removed. Colorful thematic village in Malang City, the image aspect is more highlighted, while the use aspect is still questionable. The new facilities that have sprung up seem to eliminate the character of the urban village which is synonymous with heterogeneity. In this study, attempts to explore colorful villages with an image and use approach, because the village is identical with various kinds of problems that can be solved by architecture. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative method. It is hoped that this research will be able to provide an illustration that in architecture it is not only emphasized on the image aspect but also with the use aspect.
Romo Mangun引入的使用和图像的基本概念成为建筑与背景元素协调的基础。此时发生的现象是,很多建筑都是面向形象方面,其中之一就是出现了主题村,这些主题村被改造成了旅游区。它就像熙熙攘攘的城市生活中的一片绿洲。对城中村进行的美化主要集中在物质方面(形象),去除城中村的地方特色。玛琅市色彩缤纷的主题村,形象方面更加突出,而使用方面仍有疑问。如雨后春笋般涌现的新设施似乎消除了城中村的特征,这是异质性的代名词。在本研究中,试图用形象和使用的方法来探索多彩的村庄,因为村庄与建筑可以解决的各种问题是一致的。本研究采用描述定性方法。希望通过本文的研究,能够说明在建筑设计中,不仅要注重形象方面,而且要注重使用方面。
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引用次数: 0
ARSITEKTUR SEBAGAI PERWUJUDAN KEBUTUHAN KEBUDAYAAN RELIGI DI INDONESIA 建筑是印尼宗教文化需求的表现
Pub Date : 2021-11-25 DOI: 10.33005/border.v3i2.70
Cheria Monitha, Traviata Nabiilah Widi Haryono, W. Susanti
Culture is an idea or a system of ideas that arise as a result of the social behavior of society. The existing system in culture includes norms, values, views of life, and one of them is belief. Belief itself is supported by the values ​​and customs that are believed by certain communities and carried out from generation to generation. Gradually, the culture will form a pattern of needs, such as rituals and places of worship. It is known that, places of worship that already exist in Indonesia have different characteristics with the concept of belief in each region. These different and diverse characteristics are clear evidence of differences which are at the same time a cultural wealth for the face of the region itself. This makes architecture one of the concrete manifestations of culture and fulfillment of needs, this embodiment can reflect the identity of the area. From the analysis carried out, it can be concluded that architecture is a tangible form of the face of a culture, one of which is in terms of belief or religion and in the process of making this journal, this study uses data collection methods from various sources
文化是由于社会的社会行为而产生的一种观念或观念体系。文化中现存的体系包括规范、价值观、人生观,其中之一就是信仰。信仰本身是由价值观和习俗所支撑的,这些价值观和习俗被某些群体所信仰,并代代相传。渐渐地,文化将形成一种需求模式,例如仪式和礼拜场所。众所周知,印度尼西亚已经存在的礼拜场所在每个区域具有不同的信仰概念特征。这些不同和多样化的特征是差异的明显证据,同时也是该区域本身面貌的文化财富。这使得建筑成为文化的具体表现形式和需求的满足,这种体现可以反映该地区的身份。从所进行的分析中,可以得出结论,建筑是一种文化的有形形式,其中之一是在信仰或宗教方面,在制作本期刊的过程中,本研究使用了各种来源的数据收集方法
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引用次数: 0
KAJIAN KONSEP ARSITEKTUR KONTEMPORER PADA BANGUNAN MUSEUM TSUNAMI ACEH 海啸博物馆当代建筑概念研究
Pub Date : 2021-11-25 DOI: 10.33005/border.v3i2.85
Izwan Ariq Nursandi, Ashadi Ashadi
The museum building is a type of building that serves as a place of education and the knowledge place to introduce the history, events, creatures, etc. The purpose of the museum itself is to educate those things to all generations in the future so that the knowledge of civilization will not be disconnected and disappear. As time passes, the museum building also has diverse design architectures. One of them, the concept of contemporary architecture style has its own style and is not binding on a particular style. The museum building with the application of the contemporary architecture’s concept to make buildings with the characteristics of the distinctively and character. From that issue, arises the issue of how the application of the concept of contemporary architecture in the building of the museum. The aim of this research is to analyze the application of contemporary architecture in the Tsunami Aceh Museum building. The method used in this research is a descriptive qualitative method with the stages of the analysis based on characteristics of the contemporary architecture of the application in the case study museum building. The result of this research is a conclusion of the application of the concept of contemporary architecture to the museum.
博物馆建筑是一种作为教育场所和介绍历史、事件、生物等知识场所的建筑。博物馆本身的目的是教育这些东西给未来的所有世代,这样文明的知识就不会被切断和消失。随着时间的推移,博物馆建筑也有了多样化的设计建筑。其中之一,当代建筑风格的概念有其自身的风格,并不局限于某一特定的风格。博物馆建筑运用当代建筑的理念,使建筑具有鲜明的特色和个性。由此产生了如何在博物馆的建设中运用当代建筑的概念的问题。本研究的目的是分析当代建筑在亚齐海啸博物馆建筑中的应用。本研究采用的方法是一种基于当代建筑特点的描述性定性方法,分阶段分析,应用于博物馆建筑案例研究。本研究的结果是对当代建筑概念在博物馆中的应用的总结。
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引用次数: 2
INFRASTRUCTURE BUILDING ADJUSTMENT IN THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC 新冠肺炎大流行背景下的基础设施建设调整
Pub Date : 2021-11-25 DOI: 10.33005/border.v3i2.86
Y. Yuliana
Infrastructure building adjustment must be done during the COVID-19 pandemic to ensure the health protocol implementation. The permanent buildings cannot be changed. Therefore, the infrastructure building adjustment need to be done. There are some modifications on the places and sites, also addition of specific instrument to ensure the good air circulation. This paper aims to describe the adjustment of infrastructure building during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: This is a narrative literature review. Articles were searched in Science Direct, PubMed, and Google Scholar. The articles were selected based on title, abstract, and full-text screening. Results of literature review revealed that the buildings should have at least an air purifier as filter and open windows to ensure the good airflow. The recirculated air from the surrounding people without circulation increases the risks of COVID-19 transmission. Joining rooms such as joined kitchens or living rooms must not be used during this time. If the room is very important and must be used together, then there should be a break period from one user to another user. This break time is important to allow fresh air circulation. The important factors in building adjustment and modification are cost, health aspects, function, and the users’ safety. In conclusion, the adjustment of infrastructure building during the COVID-19 pandemic can be implemented by maintaining the good air circulation flow in the room, using an air purifier as a filter, and ensuring a break period for users in using joining rooms.
在2019冠状病毒病大流行期间,必须进行基础设施建设调整,以确保卫生议定书的实施。永久性建筑不能改变。因此,需要对基础设施建设进行调整。在场所和场地上进行了一些修改,也增加了特定的仪器,以保证良好的空气流通。本文旨在描述新冠肺炎疫情期间基础设施建设的调整。方法:采用叙述性文献综述法。文章在Science Direct, PubMed和Google Scholar中搜索。文章根据标题、摘要和全文筛选进行选择。文献综述的结果表明,建筑物至少应该有一个空气净化器作为过滤器,并打开窗户以确保良好的气流。来自周围人群的没有循环的再循环空气增加了COVID-19传播的风险。连接的房间,如连接的厨房或客厅,不得在此期间使用。如果房间非常重要,必须一起使用,那么应该有一个从一个用户到另一个用户的休息时间。这个休息时间对于让新鲜空气流通很重要。建筑调整和改造的重要因素是成本、健康、功能和用户安全。综上所述,在新冠肺炎疫情期间,基础设施的调整可以通过保持房间内良好的空气流通,使用空气净化器作为过滤器,并确保用户在使用连接房间时有休息时间来实施。
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引用次数: 0
EVALUASI ELEMEN LANSKAP BAGI PENYANDANG DISABILITAS DI TAMAN SAMARENDAH KOTA SAMARINDA 对萨马林达市公园残疾人士的景观特性进行评估
Pub Date : 2021-11-25 DOI: 10.33005/border.v3i2.82
Kathy Kezia Levarinda, Nadia Almira Jordan
City parks as public urban infrastructure are required to provide facilities that can accommodate all levels of society, including people with disabilities as park users. One of the public green open spaces in Samarinda City, namely Samarendah Park, is known to still lack attention to accessible support facilities for people with disabilities. This research aims to evaluate the suitability of landscape element conditions in Samarendah Park for people with disabilities to the accessibility standards of city parks. The research approach method used is qualitative in the form of mapping analysis of landscape elements and supporting facilities of Samarendah Park which will then be evaluated with policy documents and related theories to be further calculated using a percentage formula that displays a large percentage of conformity conditions. The results of the analysis showed that the availability of landscape elements and supporting facilities in Samarenda Park was adequate because the laying was evenly distributed throughout the park area, but from the results of conformity evaluation, it was obtained that availability alone was not enough to support the activities of visitors because functionally and condition there are still landscape elements and supporting facilities that are not even in accordance with accessibility standards followed by large percentages produced.
作为城市公共基础设施的城市公园,需要提供包括残疾人在内的社会各阶层的设施。众所周知,萨马林达市的公共绿色开放空间之一,即萨马林达公园,仍然缺乏对残疾人无障碍支持设施的关注。本研究旨在评估萨玛兰达公园残障人士景观要素条件是否符合城市公园可达性标准。采用的研究方法是定性的,以地图分析的形式对Samarendah公园的景观要素和配套设施进行定性分析,然后使用政策文件和相关理论进行评估,然后使用百分比公式进一步计算,显示大百分比的符合条件。分析结果表明,由于Samarenda公园在整个公园区域内铺设均匀,因此其景观要素和配套设施的可用性是足够的,但从符合性评价结果来看,结果表明,仅凭可用性不足以支持游客的活动,因为在功能和条件上仍然存在景观元素和配套设施,这些元素和配套设施甚至不符合可达性标准,随后产生了很大比例。
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引用次数: 0
BANGUNAN IDEAL UNTUK MENGURANGI RISIKO TRANSMISI COVID-19 这是一个理想的建筑,以减少COVID-19传输的风险
Pub Date : 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.33005/BORDER.V3I1.80
Yuliana Yuliana
Pandemi COVID-19 berlangsung lebih dari setahun. Bangunan yang tertutup dan kurang ventilasi umumnya lebih berisiko untuk menjadi tempat penularan (transmisi) COVID-19. Apalagi jika bangunan tersebut dilengkapi dengan pendingin ruangan. Permasalahannya adalah bagaimana jika bangunan tersebut merupakan tempat tinggal yang sudah permanen dan agak sulit diubah. Tujuan penulisan makalah ini adalah menjelaskan bagaimana bangunan yang ideal untuk mengurangi risiko transmisi COVID-19. Metode penulisan adalah literature review. Pustaka didapatkan dari Science Direct dan Google Scholar. Kata kunci yang digunakan adalah bangunan, COVID-19, ideal, transmisi. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa ventilasi yang cukup, filtrasi, desinfeksi udara, dan menghindari resirkulasi udara merupakan cara yang efektif. Hal ini juga bisa dicapai dengan menghindari kerumunan massa. Kondisi semacam ini sangat penting diterapkan pada bangunan publik yang sering dikunjungi oleh banyak orang. Kesimpulan: bangunan yang ideal untuk mencegah transmisi COVID-19 adalah yang memiliki cukup ventilasi dan menghindari resirkulasi. Kondisi ini penting diterapkan di tempat umum seperti rumah sakit dan sekolah untuk mengurangi penularan infeksi COVID-19.
COVID-19大流行持续了一年多。封闭、通风较低的建筑物更容易成为COVID-19传染病热点。尤其是有空调的大楼。问题是,如果这座建筑是一个永久的、不可逆转的住宅。这篇论文的目的是解释如何建造一个理想的结构,以减少COVID-19传输的风险。写作方法是识字评论。库来自科学直接和谷歌学者。使用的关键字是构建,COVID-19,理想,传输。结果表明,适当的通风、过滤、消毒和避免空气循环是有效的方法。通过避开人群也可以做到这一点。这种情况对许多人经常光顾的公共建筑至关重要。结论:防止COVID-19传输的理想建筑有足够的通风,避免再循环。这种情况在医院和学校等公共场所很重要,以减少COVID-19感染的传播。
{"title":"BANGUNAN IDEAL UNTUK MENGURANGI RISIKO TRANSMISI COVID-19","authors":"Yuliana Yuliana","doi":"10.33005/BORDER.V3I1.80","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33005/BORDER.V3I1.80","url":null,"abstract":"Pandemi COVID-19 berlangsung lebih dari setahun. Bangunan yang tertutup dan kurang ventilasi umumnya lebih berisiko untuk menjadi tempat penularan (transmisi) COVID-19. Apalagi jika bangunan tersebut dilengkapi dengan pendingin ruangan. Permasalahannya adalah bagaimana jika bangunan tersebut merupakan tempat tinggal yang sudah permanen dan agak sulit diubah. Tujuan penulisan makalah ini adalah menjelaskan bagaimana bangunan yang ideal untuk mengurangi risiko transmisi COVID-19. Metode penulisan adalah literature review. Pustaka didapatkan dari Science Direct dan Google Scholar. Kata kunci yang digunakan adalah bangunan, COVID-19, ideal, transmisi. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa ventilasi yang cukup, filtrasi, desinfeksi udara, dan menghindari resirkulasi udara merupakan cara yang efektif. Hal ini juga bisa dicapai dengan menghindari kerumunan massa. Kondisi semacam ini sangat penting diterapkan pada bangunan publik yang sering dikunjungi oleh banyak orang. Kesimpulan: bangunan yang ideal untuk mencegah transmisi COVID-19 adalah yang memiliki cukup ventilasi dan menghindari resirkulasi. Kondisi ini penting diterapkan di tempat umum seperti rumah sakit dan sekolah untuk mengurangi penularan infeksi COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":90549,"journal":{"name":"International journal of migration and border studies","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87219463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
DESAIN HUNIAN YANG MENDUKUNG TERCAPAINYA KESADARAN BATIN UNTUK MEMINIMALKAN DAMPAK PSIKOLOGIS PANDEMI COVID-19 房屋设计有助于实现内在意识,以最小化COVID-19大流行的心理影响
Pub Date : 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.33005/border.v3i1.84
Kartiansmara Lilih Purnaumbara
Pandemic COVID-19 causes various negative impacts on society. Physical health problems and mental health problems are also significantly increased during pandemics, while anxiety disorder appears to be front liners among all mental health problems during pandemics. In an anxiety disorder treatment, psychologists are familiar with a series of training to help patient achieve mindfulness, and as a result, help patient to deal with anxiety disorder. The research aims to formulate basic house design principles to help the dwellers achieve mindfulness, as an architectural design response to deal with the COVID-19 pandemic, and minimize COVID-19’s negative impact through preventive and restorative measures. This research is being conducted through the literature review method, through wide-ranging literature from a book and research report published in a scientific journal. The principles are then being examined through an elimination process to formulate an operational design principle in architecture. The result from the elaboration conclude that house design must apply a certain design element to create positive stimulus and engage the senses of the dwellers, the spatial arrangement should be functionally flexible, and the spatial arrangement of the house also needs to be sequentially arranged to make the dweller experience various spatial experience provided by the house design.
新冠肺炎疫情给社会带来各种负面影响。在大流行病期间,身体健康问题和精神健康问题也显著增加,而焦虑症似乎是大流行病期间所有精神健康问题中的首要问题。在焦虑症的治疗中,心理学家熟悉一系列的训练来帮助患者达到正念,从而帮助患者处理焦虑症。本研究旨在制定基本的房屋设计原则,帮助居住者实现正念,作为应对COVID-19大流行的建筑设计对策,并通过预防和恢复措施将COVID-19的负面影响降到最低。本研究是通过文献综述法,通过广泛的文献从一本书和研究报告发表在科学杂志上。然后,通过消除过程对这些原则进行检查,以形成架构中的可操作设计原则。阐述的结果是,住宅设计必须运用一定的设计元素,创造积极的刺激,吸引居住者的感官,空间布置要有功能上的灵活性,住宅的空间布置也需要有顺序的安排,使居住者体验到住宅设计提供的各种空间体验。
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引用次数: 0
PENGARUH SARANA TERHADAP MOTIVASI BELAJAR MAHASISWA PRODI ARSITEKTUR UPN “VETERAN” JAWA TIMUR 工具对东爪哇省UPN建筑系学生学习动机的影响
Pub Date : 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.33005/border.v3i1.87
Jelita Arrum Marnisari
The realization of academic achievement in higher education is very dependent on the motivation to learn on the students themselves. However, there are many factors that can affect the presence of learning motivation, both external and internal factors. Several external factors exist, including the quality of infrastructure that supports the teaching and learning process of students. Several infrastructure facilities (sarpras) in the Architecture Study Program building, East Java "Veteran" National Development University (UPNVJT) have been used for decades, since the establishment of the Architecture Study Program. It is feared that the old Sarpras can affect students' learning motivation, especially if the existing Sarpras are not relevant to current learning needs. However, there have been several new sarpras that have been presented in the Architecture Study Program to support the student learning process. Therefore, this study aims to determine how much influence the available facilities and infrastructure have on learning motivation and academic achievement of UPNVJT Architecture Study Program students. This research was carried out by examining several available infrastructures in the Architecture Study Program of UPNVJT. Student learning motivation variable data obtained through a questionnaire that will be associated with the conditions of the available facilities. The results of the study found that the means had an indirect relationship and was not the main factor that determined students' learning motivation.
在高等教育中,学业成就的实现很大程度上取决于学生自身的学习动机。然而,有许多因素可以影响学习动机的存在,包括外部因素和内部因素。存在一些外部因素,包括支持学生教学过程的基础设施的质量。自建筑研究项目成立以来,东爪哇“老兵”国家发展大学(UPNVJT)建筑研究项目大楼中的几个基础设施(sarpras)已经使用了几十年。人们担心旧的Sarpras会影响学生的学习动机,特别是当现有的Sarpras与当前的学习需求不相关时。然而,在建筑研究项目中出现了一些新的sarpras,以支持学生的学习过程。因此,本研究旨在确定可用的设施和基础设施对UPNVJT建筑学习项目学生的学习动机和学业成绩的影响程度。这项研究是通过检查UPNVJT建筑研究计划中的几个可用基础设施来进行的。学生学习动机变量数据通过问卷调查获得,将与现有设施的条件相关联。研究结果发现,手段存在间接关系,并不是决定学生学习动机的主要因素。
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引用次数: 0
KAJIAN TIPOLOGI INTERIOR CREATIVE HUB (STUDI KASUS: BANDUNG CREATIVE HUB DAN JAKARTA CREATIVE HUB) Kajian tipologi室内创意中心(studii kasus:万隆创意中心丹雅加达创意中心)
Pub Date : 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.33005/BORDER.V3I1.79
Alvian Indra Ainur Rizqy, Muchlisiniyati Safeyah
Creative Hub adalah tempat yang mewadahi para penggiat industri kreatif untuk mengembangkan bisnis, usaha dan skill yang dipunyainya. Desain dari bangunan Creative Hub dari segi eksterior dan interior juga memiliki peranan penting dalam hal itu. Terutama desain interior yang secara langsung berpengaruh dalam aktivitas para pengguna bangunan Creative Hub. Menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan membandingkan dua studi kasus yaitu Bandung Creative Hub dan Jakarta Creative Hub dengan menggunakan teori dari Francis D.K Ching sebagai acuan tentang 3 unsur pembentuk ruang dalam yaitu batasan, naungan dan alas. Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan kesimpulan bahwasannya batasan yang berarti dinding Creative Hub menggunakan finishing cat polos atau memberikan sentuhan seperti mural ataupun material agar terkesan ramai. Untuk naungan yang diartikan sebagai langit-langit Creative Hub bisa dengan tetap mengekspos utilitas yang digunakan dengan finishing cat gelap ataupun mengikuti cat dominan diruangan tersebut. Atau bisa menggunakan plafon sebagai penutup langit-langit. Dan alas yang diartikan sebagai lantai Creative Hub bisa menyamaratakan semua ruangan ataupun membedakan disetiap ruangan tersebut. Terdapat perbedaan dan persamaan dari kedua studi kasus seperti pada langit-langit dengan mengekspos utilitas yang digunakan. Dinding Bandung Creative Hub berkesan lebih ramai dibanding Jakarta Creative Hub dan lantai yang lebih beragam. Tetapi semuanya bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kreativitas para pengguna.
创作中心是一个由富有创造力的企业家组成的地方,他们拥有最先进的商业、商业和技能。建筑中心的外部和内部设计也在这方面发挥着重要作用。特别是室内设计直接影响创意中心建筑使用者的活动。使用描述性的方法,比较两个案例研究,即万隆创意中心和雅加达创意中心,使用方法论D.K . Ching理论,参考三个形成空间的元素,即边界、阴影和基地。研究得出的结论是,分层的限制意味着创作中心墙使用的是纯涂料,或者使用壁画或材料的触摸来吸引人。至于被定义为创意中心的天花板,它可以通过继续暴露使用的深色油漆的末端或跟随房间的主导油漆来实现。或者它可以用天花板来覆盖天花板。也就是说,被定义为创意中心的地板可以平整任何房间,也可以区分任何房间。将使用的公用事业暴露在天花板上,这两种案例研究有不同和相似之处。万隆创意中心的墙壁比雅加达创意中心更繁忙,地板也更多样化。但这一切都是为了提高用户的创造力。
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引用次数: 0
KAJIAN TIPOLOGI POLA RUANG HUNIAN VERTIKAL DI JAKARTA
Pub Date : 2021-06-30 DOI: 10.33005/border.v3i1.75
W. Gunawan, Ari Widyati Purwantiasning
The population density in Jakarta can be seen from the number of people who are increasing every year and increasing the population density living in Jakarta. High urbanization affects the process of urban development, population development and the need for housing that requires a lot of land in the Jakarta area. The government and the private sector in dealing with these problems provide a decent place to live for the community by building vertical housing. Vertical development in the form of flats for residents is considered capable of increasing efficiency, effectiveness of space utilization and saving land so that land can be used for open space or other public spaces. In this study, the author tries to answer the problems regarding the identification of residential space patterns and the typology of flats in the three case studies. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method in which the author will describe and identify every aspect contained in this study based on the theoretical basis that was appointed as a guide. In this study, it was found that user activity in the flats resulted in groupings called zoning which included private, semi-private / semi-public, public, service areas, and circulation areas. Because the flat is a shared house in one building mass, the public zoning area tends to be larger and the residents gather in public areas that have been facilitated.
雅加达的人口密度可以从每年增加的人口数量和雅加达人口密度的增加中看出。高度城市化影响了雅加达地区的城市发展进程、人口发展和住房需求,这需要大量的土地。政府和私营部门在处理这些问题时,通过建造垂直房屋,为社区提供一个体面的居住场所。住宅单位形式的垂直发展被认为能够提高空间利用的效率和效益,并节省土地,使土地可用于休憩空间或其他公共空间。在本研究中,作者试图回答三个案例中关于居住空间格局的识别和公寓类型的问题。本研究采用定性描述方法,作者将描述和识别本研究中包含的每一个方面,基于被指定为指南的理论基础。在这项研究中,我们发现用户在公寓内的活动导致了被称为分区的分组,包括私人、半私人/半公共、公共、服务区和流通区。由于该公寓是一个建筑体量中的共享房屋,公共分区区域往往更大,居民聚集在已经便利的公共区域。
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引用次数: 0
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International journal of migration and border studies
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