Pub Date : 2024-02-29DOI: 10.9734/indj/2024/v21i2423
Gabriel-Job N, Wobo KN, Frank-Briggs A.I
Introduction: Cerebral palsy (CP) is a common neurologic disorder which leads to physical disability in children. Children with CP require more care and attention from their care givers. Hence the quality of life (QoL) of the care givers can be adversely affected. Aim: The aim of this study is to assess the QoL and its determinants among caregivers of children with CP in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: Using a convenience sampling method, a hospital based cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out, participants were 96 caregivers of children on follow up for CP. The English Version of the World Health Organization Quality of Life-Bref (WHOQOL-Bref) was used to evaluate the QoL of the participants. A structured questionnaire was used to obtain socio-demographic characteristic of the participants and children with CP, while the patients hospital record was used to obtain the medical history of the patients. The functional disability level of the child was measured by the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS levels I-V) scale. Multiple regression analysis was carried out to determine the predictors of the care givers QoL on all four domains of the WHOQOL-Bref. Results: The age of the participant ranged from 23 -58 years with a mean age of 37.67± 8.27 years. Seventy-eight (81.3%) were females, 77(80.0%) had secondary education and above while 56 (58.3%) of the patients had co-morbidity. The care givers had lower level of QoL < 60 points in all domains except for Physical Health Domain which had mean point of 61.3. The GMFCS level of the patients with CP and the marital status of the caregivers significantly determined the different domains of the caregivers QoL (p ≤ 0.05). Age of care giver (p 0.00), presence of comorbidity (0.03) significantly predicted the psychological domain of the QoL of the care givers. In addition, the socioeconomic class significantly predicted the environment and psychological domains of the caregivers QoL. (p < 0.05) Conclusion: The quality of life in caregivers of children with cerebral palsy is low. The predictors include GMFCS level of the patient, age of the care giver, marital status, presence of comorbidity and socioeconomic status. The treatment of CP should include strategies to enhance the health and quality of life of caregivers of children with the condition.
简介脑瘫（CP）是一种常见的神经系统疾病，会导致儿童身体残疾。患有 CP 的儿童需要护理人员给予更多的照顾和关注。因此，护理人员的生活质量（QoL）会受到不利影响。目的：本研究旨在评估尼日利亚哈科特港 CP 儿童护理者的 QoL 及其决定因素。材料与方法：采用便利抽样法，以医院为基础开展了一项横断面描述性研究，参与者为 96 名接受 CP 随访儿童的护理人员。采用世界卫生组织生活质量标准（WHOQOL-Bref）的英文版对参与者的生活质量进行评估。结构化问卷用于了解参与者和 CP 患儿的社会人口学特征，而患者的住院记录则用于了解患者的病史。患儿的功能障碍程度通过粗大运动功能分级系统（GMFCS I-V级）量表进行测量。研究人员进行了多元回归分析，以确定护理人员在 WHOQOL-Bref 所有四个领域的 QoL 的预测因素。研究结果受试者年龄介于 23-58 岁之间，平均年龄为 37.67±8.27 岁。78名（81.3%）患者为女性，77名（80.0%）患者具有中学及以上学历，56名（58.3%）患者患有并发症。除身体健康领域的平均值为 61.3 分外，护理人员在所有领域的 QoL 水平均低于 60 分。CP 患者的 GMFCS 水平和照顾者的婚姻状况显著决定了照顾者 QoL 的不同领域（p ≤ 0.05）。照护者的年龄（P 0.00）和是否存在合并症（0.03）对照护者的 QoL 心理领域有明显的预测作用。此外，社会经济阶层对护理人员的环境和心理方面的 QoL 有明显的预测作用。(p < 0.05）结论：脑瘫儿童照顾者的生活质量较低。预测因素包括患者的 GMFCS 水平、照顾者的年龄、婚姻状况、是否存在合并症以及社会经济地位。治疗脑瘫的方法应包括提高患儿护理者的健康水平和生活质量的策略。
{"title":"Quality of Life in Caregivers of Children with Cerebral Palsy in Rivers State, Nigeria","authors":"Gabriel-Job N, Wobo KN, Frank-Briggs A.I","doi":"10.9734/indj/2024/v21i2423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/indj/2024/v21i2423","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Cerebral palsy (CP) is a common neurologic disorder which leads to physical disability in children. Children with CP require more care and attention from their care givers. Hence the quality of life (QoL) of the care givers can be adversely affected. \u0000Aim: The aim of this study is to assess the QoL and its determinants among caregivers of children with CP in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. \u0000Materials and Methods: Using a convenience sampling method, a hospital based cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out, participants were 96 caregivers of children on follow up for CP. The English Version of the World Health Organization Quality of Life-Bref (WHOQOL-Bref) was used to evaluate the QoL of the participants. A structured questionnaire was used to obtain socio-demographic characteristic of the participants and children with CP, while the patients hospital record was used to obtain the medical history of the patients. The functional disability level of the child was measured by the Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS levels I-V) scale. Multiple regression analysis was carried out to determine the predictors of the care givers QoL on all four domains of the WHOQOL-Bref. \u0000Results: The age of the participant ranged from 23 -58 years with a mean age of 37.67± 8.27 years. Seventy-eight (81.3%) were females, 77(80.0%) had secondary education and above while 56 (58.3%) of the patients had co-morbidity. The care givers had lower level of QoL < 60 points in all domains except for Physical Health Domain which had mean point of 61.3. \u0000The GMFCS level of the patients with CP and the marital status of the caregivers significantly determined the different domains of the caregivers QoL (p ≤ 0.05). Age of care giver (p 0.00), presence of comorbidity (0.03) significantly predicted the psychological domain of the QoL of the care givers. In addition, the socioeconomic class significantly predicted the environment and psychological domains of the caregivers QoL. (p < 0.05) \u0000Conclusion: The quality of life in caregivers of children with cerebral palsy is low. The predictors include GMFCS level of the patient, age of the care giver, marital status, presence of comorbidity and socioeconomic status. The treatment of CP should include strategies to enhance the health and quality of life of caregivers of children with the condition.","PeriodicalId":90556,"journal":{"name":"International neuropsychiatric disease journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140412690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-22DOI: 10.9734/indj/2024/v21i2422
Mohamed I.A. Ismail, Mohammed O.J. Almardi, Mohammed M.A. Jabir, S. Brair, I. A. Bashir, Moneer A. Abdalla, Almoeiz Y. Hammad
Aim: This research was designed to study addiction to the drug Tramadol among university students in Khartoum State. Introduction: Tramadol is an atypical opioid that binds to μ-opioid receptors on neurons. It has a bioavailability of 70% and undergoes extensive first-pass metabolism in the liver. In most countries, it is a prescription-only medicine. Tramadol abuse has increased recently in the last few years between private universities in Khartoum state, Sudan. Common adverse effects of opioids are nausea, vomiting, relaxation, itching, mental confusion, delirium, urinary retention, sweating. Methodology: A study was conducted on 176 university students in Khartoum from August to September 2018. Ethical approval was obtained from sudan international university research commette and permission from each academic institution. A questionnaire sheet was developed to collect data related to drug abuse among students, including Sociodemographic data and knowledge about drug use without prescription. The collected data were statistically analyzed using ANOVA - IBM - Statistical Package for the Social Science version 16 programs-2008. Results: A study of 176 university students found that most were male (79.5%) and female (20.5%), with an age range of 21-25. Most were medical students, with a minority in engineering, literacy, and computing fields. Most were aware of tramadol analgesic "pain killer" effect, but only 53.7% knew its hallucinogenic effect. Most abusers used tramadol for less than a year, with most starting in university life. Most abusers consumed various doses, with most consuming daily. Adverse effects of tramadol included physical symptoms, psychological symptoms, and attempts at quitting. Reasons for failure to quit were mainly compliance. Conclusion: Tramadol abuse is prevalent among medical students in Sudan. Reasons for initiation include elation desire, avoidance of life conflicts, and curiosity.
{"title":"A Study on the Attitude, Abuse and Addiction to Tramadol among Sudanese University Students in Khartoum State, Sudan","authors":"Mohamed I.A. Ismail, Mohammed O.J. Almardi, Mohammed M.A. Jabir, S. Brair, I. A. Bashir, Moneer A. Abdalla, Almoeiz Y. Hammad","doi":"10.9734/indj/2024/v21i2422","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/indj/2024/v21i2422","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: This research was designed to study addiction to the drug Tramadol among university students in Khartoum State. \u0000Introduction: Tramadol is an atypical opioid that binds to μ-opioid receptors on neurons. It has a bioavailability of 70% and undergoes extensive first-pass metabolism in the liver. In most countries, it is a prescription-only medicine. Tramadol abuse has increased recently in the last few years between private universities in Khartoum state, Sudan. Common adverse effects of opioids are nausea, vomiting, relaxation, itching, mental confusion, delirium, urinary retention, sweating. \u0000Methodology: A study was conducted on 176 university students in Khartoum from August to September 2018. Ethical approval was obtained from sudan international university research commette and permission from each academic institution. A questionnaire sheet was developed to collect data related to drug abuse among students, including Sociodemographic data and knowledge about drug use without prescription. The collected data were statistically analyzed using ANOVA - IBM - Statistical Package for the Social Science version 16 programs-2008. \u0000Results: A study of 176 university students found that most were male (79.5%) and female (20.5%), with an age range of 21-25. Most were medical students, with a minority in engineering, literacy, and computing fields. Most were aware of tramadol analgesic \"pain killer\" effect, but only 53.7% knew its hallucinogenic effect. Most abusers used tramadol for less than a year, with most starting in university life. Most abusers consumed various doses, with most consuming daily. Adverse effects of tramadol included physical symptoms, psychological symptoms, and attempts at quitting. Reasons for failure to quit were mainly compliance. \u0000Conclusion: Tramadol abuse is prevalent among medical students in Sudan. Reasons for initiation include elation desire, avoidance of life conflicts, and curiosity.","PeriodicalId":90556,"journal":{"name":"International neuropsychiatric disease journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140439069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-21DOI: 10.9734/indj/2024/v21i1421
Anik Mahmud
Aims: This study aimed to assess the causes, consequences, knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions of substance abuse among male adolescents in Dhaka North City and compare the knowledge between male adolescents attending schools and colleges who do not use drugs and substance abusers from rehabilitation centers. Study Design: This was a comparative cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in Dhaka North City, Bangladesh, from January to December 2023. Methodology: A comparative cross-sectional design was used to study substance abuse among male adolescents in Dhaka North City. Data were collected from two groups, drug addicts and non-addicts, using a pretested questionnaire. A two-stage sampling method was applied. Data analysis was performed using Microsoft Excel 365 and IBM SPSS Statistics 27, employing descriptive and inferential statistics. Statistical significance was set at a p-value of less than 0.05. Results: The findings revealed the strong influence of peer relationships, family dynamics, parental education and occupation, and misconceptions and attitudes toward substance abuse among male adolescents. Drug addicts reported higher frequencies of parental conflict, secrecy, and hiding information from their parents, indicating a breakdown in communication and trust within the parent-child relationship. Drug addicts also had significantly higher monthly family income and higher education levels of their parents compared to non-addicts, suggesting that higher financial resources and education may play a role in the increased risk of substance abuse. Additionally, drug addicts had a higher proportion of deceased mothers compared to non-addicts, indicating a potential influence of maternal status on substance abuse. Preventive measures, such as counselling, treatment, religious education, and engagement in productive activities, were highly endorsed by both drug addicts and non-addicts. Conclusion: This study contributes valuable insights into drug addiction among male adolescents in Dhaka North City. The findings underscore the importance of addressing peer influence, strengthening family dynamics, dispelling misconceptions, providing accurate knowledge, and implementing evidence-based preventive measures. By adopting a comprehensive approach, stakeholders can work towards reducing the prevalence and impact of drug addiction among adolescents.
研究目的：本研究旨在评估达卡北城男性青少年对药物滥用的原因、后果、知识、态度和看法，并比较不吸毒的在校男性青少年和来自康复中心的药物滥用者对药物滥用的了解程度。研究设计： 这是一项横断面比较研究。研究地点和时间：研究于 2023 年 1 月至 12 月在孟加拉国达卡北城进行。研究方法：采用比较横断面设计研究达卡北城男性青少年的药物滥用情况。采用预先测试的调查问卷，从吸毒者和非吸毒者两组人群中收集数据。采用了两阶段抽样法。数据分析使用 Microsoft Excel 365 和 IBM SPSS Statistics 27，采用描述性和推论性统计方法。统计显著性设定为 p 值小于 0.05。结果研究结果显示，朋辈关系、家庭动态、父母的教育和职业以及对药物滥用的误解和态度对男性青少年的影响很大。据报告，吸毒者与父母发生冲突、保密和向父母隐瞒信息的频率较高，这表明亲子关系中的沟通和信任已经破裂。与非吸毒者相比，吸毒者的家庭月收入和父母的受教育程度也明显较高，这表明较高的经济来源和教育程度可能是增加药物滥用风险的原因之一。此外，与非吸毒者相比，吸毒者中已故母亲的比例较高，这表明母亲的状况可能对药物滥用产生影响。吸毒者和非吸毒者都非常赞同咨询、治疗、宗教教育和参与生产活动等预防措施。结论这项研究为深入了解达卡北城男性青少年吸毒问题提供了宝贵的资料。研究结果强调了消除同伴影响、增强家庭活力、消除误解、提供准确知识和实施循证预防措施的重要性。通过采取综合方法，利益相关方可以努力降低青少年吸毒的流行率和影响。
{"title":"Substance Abuse among Male Adolescents in Dhaka North City: A Comparative Study on Causes, Consequences, Knowledge, and Attitudes","authors":"Anik Mahmud","doi":"10.9734/indj/2024/v21i1421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/indj/2024/v21i1421","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: This study aimed to assess the causes, consequences, knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions of substance abuse among male adolescents in Dhaka North City and compare the knowledge between male adolescents attending schools and colleges who do not use drugs and substance abusers from rehabilitation centers. \u0000Study Design: This was a comparative cross-sectional study. \u0000Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in Dhaka North City, Bangladesh, from January to December 2023. \u0000Methodology: A comparative cross-sectional design was used to study substance abuse among male adolescents in Dhaka North City. Data were collected from two groups, drug addicts and non-addicts, using a pretested questionnaire. A two-stage sampling method was applied. Data analysis was performed using Microsoft Excel 365 and IBM SPSS Statistics 27, employing descriptive and inferential statistics. Statistical significance was set at a p-value of less than 0.05. \u0000Results: The findings revealed the strong influence of peer relationships, family dynamics, parental education and occupation, and misconceptions and attitudes toward substance abuse among male adolescents. Drug addicts reported higher frequencies of parental conflict, secrecy, and hiding information from their parents, indicating a breakdown in communication and trust within the parent-child relationship. Drug addicts also had significantly higher monthly family income and higher education levels of their parents compared to non-addicts, suggesting that higher financial resources and education may play a role in the increased risk of substance abuse. Additionally, drug addicts had a higher proportion of deceased mothers compared to non-addicts, indicating a potential influence of maternal status on substance abuse. Preventive measures, such as counselling, treatment, religious education, and engagement in productive activities, were highly endorsed by both drug addicts and non-addicts. \u0000Conclusion: This study contributes valuable insights into drug addiction among male adolescents in Dhaka North City. The findings underscore the importance of addressing peer influence, strengthening family dynamics, dispelling misconceptions, providing accurate knowledge, and implementing evidence-based preventive measures. By adopting a comprehensive approach, stakeholders can work towards reducing the prevalence and impact of drug addiction among adolescents.","PeriodicalId":90556,"journal":{"name":"International neuropsychiatric disease journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140444168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-17DOI: 10.9734/indj/2024/v21i1420
Kimberly Morton Cuthrell, Lorena Abad Jiménez
Alopecia areata is an autoimmune disorder characterized by the abrupt loss of hair in distinct patches, which can manifest on the scalp or any other place of the body with hair. Although it is essentially a dermatological condition, its psychological effects on individuals go beyond the visible symptoms. This abstract is to provide a concise overview of the current body of literature regarding the psychological ramifications of alopecia areata, with a specific emphasis on its impact on quality of life, mental well-being, and occupational efficiency. The outward manifestation of hair loss in patients with alopecia areata has a substantial impact on their overall quality of life. The modified physical appearance frequently results in sensations of self-awareness, social isolation, and a detrimental effect on self-worth. People may face difficulties in their regular routines, such as personal grooming and getting dressed, which might worsen their overall quality of life. Individuals with alopecia areata commonly experience significant mental health consequences. The psychosocial stress linked to the disease might contribute to the onset or worsening of anxiety and depression. Research has indicated a greater occurrence of anxiety and depressed symptoms in patients with alopecia areata in comparison to the general population. The persistent nature of the illness and ambiguity around the progression of hair loss can also lead to continuous psychological discomfort. The psychological impact of alopecia areata might hurt work productivity. Workers may encounter several obstacles in their professional environment, including diminished self-assurance, heightened rates of absenteeism, and issues in establishing and maintaining interpersonal connections. Stigmatization and misunderstandings about the condition might exacerbate challenges in the workplace.
{"title":"Alopecia Areata's Psychological Impact on Quality of Life, Mental Health, and Work Productivity: A Scoping Review","authors":"Kimberly Morton Cuthrell, Lorena Abad Jiménez","doi":"10.9734/indj/2024/v21i1420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/indj/2024/v21i1420","url":null,"abstract":"Alopecia areata is an autoimmune disorder characterized by the abrupt loss of hair in distinct patches, which can manifest on the scalp or any other place of the body with hair. Although it is essentially a dermatological condition, its psychological effects on individuals go beyond the visible symptoms. This abstract is to provide a concise overview of the current body of literature regarding the psychological ramifications of alopecia areata, with a specific emphasis on its impact on quality of life, mental well-being, and occupational efficiency. The outward manifestation of hair loss in patients with alopecia areata has a substantial impact on their overall quality of life. The modified physical appearance frequently results in sensations of self-awareness, social isolation, and a detrimental effect on self-worth. People may face difficulties in their regular routines, such as personal grooming and getting dressed, which might worsen their overall quality of life. Individuals with alopecia areata commonly experience significant mental health consequences. The psychosocial stress linked to the disease might contribute to the onset or worsening of anxiety and depression. Research has indicated a greater occurrence of anxiety and depressed symptoms in patients with alopecia areata in comparison to the general population. The persistent nature of the illness and ambiguity around the progression of hair loss can also lead to continuous psychological discomfort. The psychological impact of alopecia areata might hurt work productivity. Workers may encounter several obstacles in their professional environment, including diminished self-assurance, heightened rates of absenteeism, and issues in establishing and maintaining interpersonal connections. Stigmatization and misunderstandings about the condition might exacerbate challenges in the workplace.","PeriodicalId":90556,"journal":{"name":"International neuropsychiatric disease journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139960049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.9734/indj/2024/v21i1419
Emmanuel Nforlem Chiamanji, J. L. Ndamukong-Nyanga, Nju Curly Ijang
Aim: Social and economic motivational factors can influence the performance of health workers. This and has special importance in mental health. In low and middle-income countries, health professionals are essential for the delivery of mental health interventions. However, inadequate mental health professional’s performance is a very widespread problem. Motivation is a prerequisite for better organizational performance. Motivation involves the biological, economic, social and cognitive forces that activate behavior. In everyday usage, the term “motivation” is frequently used to describe why a person does something. It is the driving force behind human actions. Thus this study seeks to investigate the extent to which motivational factors influence the performance of health professionals involved in mental health care in Douala, Littoral Region of Cameroon. Study Design: A descriptive cross-sectional and analytical study design was adopted to investigate the extent to which motivational factors influence the performance of 210 mental health workers. Place and Duration of Study: It involved five mental health institutions in Douala, from May 2022 to August 2022. Methodology: A snowball sampling technique purely based on referrals and a purposive sampling technique to select the participants was used. Pilot test was done on 6 mental health workers in Minds Clinic Buea using a Crobach’s Alpha formula to calculate and the value 0.985 was gotten to prove the validity and reliability of the research tools. Data was collected quantitatively and qualitatively with the use of self-administered, well-structured questionnaire and face to face interview was applied to collect data, and analyzed with SPSS version 23.0. Results: Results revealed that social (rs=0.406), economic (rs=0.248), cognitive (rs=0.471) and biological (rs=0.263) motivational factors influenced the performance of health professionals involved in mental health care and consequently improve the quality of mental health care. Spearman’s rank correlation revealed that motivational factors improved work performance. Also, motivational factors have a significant relationship with performance at a two tail test. Moreover, there was general consensus among the management staff that the general motivation packages and strategies are yielding desired results and this has positively affected the moral and performance of staff. Conclusion: Overall the findings of the study suggest that to improve the performance of health professionals involved in mental health care in Douala Littoral Region of Cameroon there is the need to carefully define motivational factors that are reliable and strategically relevant ensuring that they are free from criterion contamination and deficiency.
{"title":"The Influence of Social and Economic Motivational Factors in the Performance of Health Professionals Involved in Mental Health Care in Douala, Littoral Region of Cameroon","authors":"Emmanuel Nforlem Chiamanji, J. L. Ndamukong-Nyanga, Nju Curly Ijang","doi":"10.9734/indj/2024/v21i1419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/indj/2024/v21i1419","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: Social and economic motivational factors can influence the performance of health workers. This and has special importance in mental health. In low and middle-income countries, health professionals are essential for the delivery of mental health interventions. However, inadequate mental health professional’s performance is a very widespread problem. Motivation is a prerequisite for better organizational performance. Motivation involves the biological, economic, social and cognitive forces that activate behavior. In everyday usage, the term “motivation” is frequently used to describe why a person does something. It is the driving force behind human actions. Thus this study seeks to investigate the extent to which motivational factors influence the performance of health professionals involved in mental health care in Douala, Littoral Region of Cameroon. \u0000Study Design: A descriptive cross-sectional and analytical study design was adopted to investigate the extent to which motivational factors influence the performance of 210 mental health workers. \u0000Place and Duration of Study: It involved five mental health institutions in Douala, from May 2022 to August 2022. \u0000Methodology: A snowball sampling technique purely based on referrals and a purposive sampling technique to select the participants was used. Pilot test was done on 6 mental health workers in Minds Clinic Buea using a Crobach’s Alpha formula to calculate and the value 0.985 was gotten to prove the validity and reliability of the research tools. Data was collected quantitatively and qualitatively with the use of self-administered, well-structured questionnaire and face to face interview was applied to collect data, and analyzed with SPSS version 23.0. \u0000Results: Results revealed that social (rs=0.406), economic (rs=0.248), cognitive (rs=0.471) and biological (rs=0.263) motivational factors influenced the performance of health professionals involved in mental health care and consequently improve the quality of mental health care. Spearman’s rank correlation revealed that motivational factors improved work performance. Also, motivational factors have a significant relationship with performance at a two tail test. Moreover, there was general consensus among the management staff that the general motivation packages and strategies are yielding desired results and this has positively affected the moral and performance of staff. \u0000Conclusion: Overall the findings of the study suggest that to improve the performance of health professionals involved in mental health care in Douala Littoral Region of Cameroon there is the need to carefully define motivational factors that are reliable and strategically relevant ensuring that they are free from criterion contamination and deficiency.","PeriodicalId":90556,"journal":{"name":"International neuropsychiatric disease journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139830645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.9734/indj/2024/v21i1419
Emmanuel Nforlem Chiamanji, J. L. Ndamukong-Nyanga, Nju Curly Ijang
Aim: Social and economic motivational factors can influence the performance of health workers. This and has special importance in mental health. In low and middle-income countries, health professionals are essential for the delivery of mental health interventions. However, inadequate mental health professional’s performance is a very widespread problem. Motivation is a prerequisite for better organizational performance. Motivation involves the biological, economic, social and cognitive forces that activate behavior. In everyday usage, the term “motivation” is frequently used to describe why a person does something. It is the driving force behind human actions. Thus this study seeks to investigate the extent to which motivational factors influence the performance of health professionals involved in mental health care in Douala, Littoral Region of Cameroon. Study Design: A descriptive cross-sectional and analytical study design was adopted to investigate the extent to which motivational factors influence the performance of 210 mental health workers. Place and Duration of Study: It involved five mental health institutions in Douala, from May 2022 to August 2022. Methodology: A snowball sampling technique purely based on referrals and a purposive sampling technique to select the participants was used. Pilot test was done on 6 mental health workers in Minds Clinic Buea using a Crobach’s Alpha formula to calculate and the value 0.985 was gotten to prove the validity and reliability of the research tools. Data was collected quantitatively and qualitatively with the use of self-administered, well-structured questionnaire and face to face interview was applied to collect data, and analyzed with SPSS version 23.0. Results: Results revealed that social (rs=0.406), economic (rs=0.248), cognitive (rs=0.471) and biological (rs=0.263) motivational factors influenced the performance of health professionals involved in mental health care and consequently improve the quality of mental health care. Spearman’s rank correlation revealed that motivational factors improved work performance. Also, motivational factors have a significant relationship with performance at a two tail test. Moreover, there was general consensus among the management staff that the general motivation packages and strategies are yielding desired results and this has positively affected the moral and performance of staff. Conclusion: Overall the findings of the study suggest that to improve the performance of health professionals involved in mental health care in Douala Littoral Region of Cameroon there is the need to carefully define motivational factors that are reliable and strategically relevant ensuring that they are free from criterion contamination and deficiency.
{"title":"The Influence of Social and Economic Motivational Factors in the Performance of Health Professionals Involved in Mental Health Care in Douala, Littoral Region of Cameroon","authors":"Emmanuel Nforlem Chiamanji, J. L. Ndamukong-Nyanga, Nju Curly Ijang","doi":"10.9734/indj/2024/v21i1419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/indj/2024/v21i1419","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: Social and economic motivational factors can influence the performance of health workers. This and has special importance in mental health. In low and middle-income countries, health professionals are essential for the delivery of mental health interventions. However, inadequate mental health professional’s performance is a very widespread problem. Motivation is a prerequisite for better organizational performance. Motivation involves the biological, economic, social and cognitive forces that activate behavior. In everyday usage, the term “motivation” is frequently used to describe why a person does something. It is the driving force behind human actions. Thus this study seeks to investigate the extent to which motivational factors influence the performance of health professionals involved in mental health care in Douala, Littoral Region of Cameroon. \u0000Study Design: A descriptive cross-sectional and analytical study design was adopted to investigate the extent to which motivational factors influence the performance of 210 mental health workers. \u0000Place and Duration of Study: It involved five mental health institutions in Douala, from May 2022 to August 2022. \u0000Methodology: A snowball sampling technique purely based on referrals and a purposive sampling technique to select the participants was used. Pilot test was done on 6 mental health workers in Minds Clinic Buea using a Crobach’s Alpha formula to calculate and the value 0.985 was gotten to prove the validity and reliability of the research tools. Data was collected quantitatively and qualitatively with the use of self-administered, well-structured questionnaire and face to face interview was applied to collect data, and analyzed with SPSS version 23.0. \u0000Results: Results revealed that social (rs=0.406), economic (rs=0.248), cognitive (rs=0.471) and biological (rs=0.263) motivational factors influenced the performance of health professionals involved in mental health care and consequently improve the quality of mental health care. Spearman’s rank correlation revealed that motivational factors improved work performance. Also, motivational factors have a significant relationship with performance at a two tail test. Moreover, there was general consensus among the management staff that the general motivation packages and strategies are yielding desired results and this has positively affected the moral and performance of staff. \u0000Conclusion: Overall the findings of the study suggest that to improve the performance of health professionals involved in mental health care in Douala Littoral Region of Cameroon there is the need to carefully define motivational factors that are reliable and strategically relevant ensuring that they are free from criterion contamination and deficiency.","PeriodicalId":90556,"journal":{"name":"International neuropsychiatric disease journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139890683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-25DOI: 10.9734/indj/2024/v21i1418
Karina Fonseca de Souza Leite, Rubia Laine de Paula Andrade, M. G. B. F. Faria, Igor Simões da Silva Isaac, Kamila Santos Ferreira, Juan Lacalle Remigio, M. Camilo, Octavio Marques Pontes Neto, Aline Aparecida Monroe
Background: Given the importance of acute stroke care for public health in terms of its burden and consequences like disability and death, evidence-based practice has directed the development of clinical protocols and operational guidelines to care of the populations affected by this pathology. Aim: To evaluate the impact of implementing the stroke care line in the Urgency and Emergency Care Network of a large Brazilian municipality. Methods: This is a retrospective study, conducted between 2014 and 2019 in public health services in Ribeirao Preto, SP, a large municipality of Brazil. Data was collected through secondary sources. A total of 403 patients were included in the study, of which: 172 were treated between 2014 and 2016 and 231 between 2017 and 2019; 118 were served by the mobile pre-hospital care services and 285 by the fixed pre-hospital care services. Data comprise clinical, epidemiological characteristics and severity of cases, as well as stroke care times and outcomes and were analyzed using descriptive techniques, Mann-Whitney and Chi-squared tests. Results: First care provided by a mobile pre-hospital care unit increased from 16.9% to 38.5%. The service times for people undergoing thrombolysis were shorter in the period from 2017 to 2019 compared to 2014 to 2016 in the door-to-needle, stroke onset-to-call, stroke onset-to-ambulance dispatch and regulation-to-door times. Stroke victims treated first by a mobile (ambulance) unit had shorter care times when compared to those who received care in a fixed unit, except in ambulance dispatch-to-door time. No difference was identified in the percentage of outcomes studied in the period from 2017 to 2019 compared to the period from 2014 to 2016. There was a higher craniectomy occurrence in people treated at home than in those attended in health services. The percentage of unfavorable stroke outcomes increased depending on the case severity. Conclusion: The care flow organization with defined responsibilities for each care point through the creation of a care line and the use of pre-established protocols reduced pre- and in-hospital care times; however, they did not have a significative influence on the case outcomes.
{"title":"Emergency and Urgent Care Network: Analysis of the Stroke Care Line According to Care Times and Outcomes","authors":"Karina Fonseca de Souza Leite, Rubia Laine de Paula Andrade, M. G. B. F. Faria, Igor Simões da Silva Isaac, Kamila Santos Ferreira, Juan Lacalle Remigio, M. Camilo, Octavio Marques Pontes Neto, Aline Aparecida Monroe","doi":"10.9734/indj/2024/v21i1418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/indj/2024/v21i1418","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Given the importance of acute stroke care for public health in terms of its burden and consequences like disability and death, evidence-based practice has directed the development of clinical protocols and operational guidelines to care of the populations affected by this pathology. \u0000Aim: To evaluate the impact of implementing the stroke care line in the Urgency and Emergency Care Network of a large Brazilian municipality. \u0000Methods: This is a retrospective study, conducted between 2014 and 2019 in public health services in Ribeirao Preto, SP, a large municipality of Brazil. Data was collected through secondary sources. A total of 403 patients were included in the study, of which: 172 were treated between 2014 and 2016 and 231 between 2017 and 2019; 118 were served by the mobile pre-hospital care services and 285 by the fixed pre-hospital care services. Data comprise clinical, epidemiological characteristics and severity of cases, as well as stroke care times and outcomes and were analyzed using descriptive techniques, Mann-Whitney and Chi-squared tests. \u0000Results: First care provided by a mobile pre-hospital care unit increased from 16.9% to 38.5%. The service times for people undergoing thrombolysis were shorter in the period from 2017 to 2019 compared to 2014 to 2016 in the door-to-needle, stroke onset-to-call, stroke onset-to-ambulance dispatch and regulation-to-door times. Stroke victims treated first by a mobile (ambulance) unit had shorter care times when compared to those who received care in a fixed unit, except in ambulance dispatch-to-door time. No difference was identified in the percentage of outcomes studied in the period from 2017 to 2019 compared to the period from 2014 to 2016. There was a higher craniectomy occurrence in people treated at home than in those attended in health services. The percentage of unfavorable stroke outcomes increased depending on the case severity. \u0000Conclusion: The care flow organization with defined responsibilities for each care point through the creation of a care line and the use of pre-established protocols reduced pre- and in-hospital care times; however, they did not have a significative influence on the case outcomes.","PeriodicalId":90556,"journal":{"name":"International neuropsychiatric disease journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139598404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-03DOI: 10.9734/indj/2024/v21i1417
Noha Shalaby
In recent years, the role of social media platforms and online initiatives in addressing and creating awareness about mental health problems has become increasingly significant. There is no doubt about the fact that social media platforms play a very important role in destigmatizing mental health issues. Through personal narratives, testimonials, and awareness campaigns, individuals can openly discuss their experiences, challenging pre-existing stigmas and fostering a more empathetic understanding of mental health challenges. Online initiatives contribute to the accessibility of mental health information. From educational resources to coping strategies, individuals can readily access a wealth of information, empowering them to make informed decisions about their mental health. Social media facilitates the creation of online communities centered around mental health support. These virtual spaces connect individuals facing similar challenges, providing a supportive environment for sharing experiences, resources, and coping mechanisms. Online initiatives, such as forums and support groups, contribute to building a sense of community among those navigating mental health issues. The youth, being prolific users of social media, are directly influenced by online content. Digital campaigns and initiatives designed for and by the youth contribute to engagement and empowerment. Through interactive content, discussions, and awareness challenges, social media becomes a powerful tool for reaching and resonating with younger demographics. This research study examines the various ways in which social media platforms serve as catalysts for mental health discussions, destigmatization, and the provision of resources.
{"title":"The Role of Social Media Platforms and Online Initiatives in Addressing and Creating Awareness about Mental Health Problems in the Youth and Adult Population","authors":"Noha Shalaby","doi":"10.9734/indj/2024/v21i1417","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/indj/2024/v21i1417","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, the role of social media platforms and online initiatives in addressing and creating awareness about mental health problems has become increasingly significant. There is no doubt about the fact that social media platforms play a very important role in destigmatizing mental health issues. Through personal narratives, testimonials, and awareness campaigns, individuals can openly discuss their experiences, challenging pre-existing stigmas and fostering a more empathetic understanding of mental health challenges. Online initiatives contribute to the accessibility of mental health information. From educational resources to coping strategies, individuals can readily access a wealth of information, empowering them to make informed decisions about their mental health. Social media facilitates the creation of online communities centered around mental health support. These virtual spaces connect individuals facing similar challenges, providing a supportive environment for sharing experiences, resources, and coping mechanisms. Online initiatives, such as forums and support groups, contribute to building a sense of community among those navigating mental health issues. The youth, being prolific users of social media, are directly influenced by online content. Digital campaigns and initiatives designed for and by the youth contribute to engagement and empowerment. Through interactive content, discussions, and awareness challenges, social media becomes a powerful tool for reaching and resonating with younger demographics. This research study examines the various ways in which social media platforms serve as catalysts for mental health discussions, destigmatization, and the provision of resources.","PeriodicalId":90556,"journal":{"name":"International neuropsychiatric disease journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139388408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aim: To assess and compare the quality of life (QOL) of patients with schizophrenia, bipolar affective disorder (BPAD) patients and healthy control. Methods: This is an observational study carried out in MVJ Medical College and Research Hospital, Bengaluru, India. The WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire was administered to 139 patients with schizophrenia and 139 patients with BPAD that were diagnosed according to the ICD-10 diagnostic criteria, as well as 139 healthy subjects all of whom gave their informed consent. The data were analyzed using SAS 9.2 software. Results: On comparing the three groups, the schizophrenia group scored the least in the physical (53.51±19.36), psychological (51.32±21.37) and environmental health domains (55.59±17.78). The QOL of the BPAD group was comparable to that of the healthy control group and significantly better as compared to that of the schizophrenia group (P<0.0001). Conclusion: The study shows that patients with schizophrenia had significantly lower QOL than patients with BPAD and healthy subjects. Our study emphasizes the significance of addressing psychiatric patients' overall health and QOL in addition to symptom management.
目的：评估和比较精神分裂症患者、双相情感障碍（BPAD）患者和健康对照组的生活质量（QOL）。方法：这是一项观察性研究：这是一项在印度班加罗尔 MVJ 医学院和研究医院开展的观察性研究。对根据 ICD-10 诊断标准确诊的 139 名精神分裂症患者和 139 名躁狂症患者以及 139 名健康受试者进行了 WHOQOL-BREF 问卷调查，所有受试者均已知情同意。数据使用 SAS 9.2 软件进行分析。结果显示比较三组患者，精神分裂症组在身体健康（53.51±19.36）、心理健康（51.32±21.37）和环境健康（55.59±17.78）方面得分最低。BPAD 组的 QOL 与健康对照组相当，明显优于精神分裂症组（P<0.0001）。结论研究表明，精神分裂症患者的 QOL 明显低于 BPAD 患者和健康人。我们的研究强调，除了对症治疗外，关注精神科患者的整体健康和 QOL 也非常重要。
{"title":"Assessing Quality of Life: A Comparative Study among Patients with Schizophrenia, Bipolar Affective Disorder, and Healthy Control in a South Indian Tertiary Care Setting","authors":"Dafney Viola Sequeira, Benison Binny, Nameerah Javed, Vinod K. Mathew, Kasthuri Pandiyan","doi":"10.9734/indj/2024/v21i1416","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/indj/2024/v21i1416","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: To assess and compare the quality of life (QOL) of patients with schizophrenia, bipolar affective disorder (BPAD) patients and healthy control. \u0000Methods: This is an observational study carried out in MVJ Medical College and Research Hospital, Bengaluru, India. The WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire was administered to 139 patients with schizophrenia and 139 patients with BPAD that were diagnosed according to the ICD-10 diagnostic criteria, as well as 139 healthy subjects all of whom gave their informed consent. The data were analyzed using SAS 9.2 software. \u0000Results: On comparing the three groups, the schizophrenia group scored the least in the physical (53.51±19.36), psychological (51.32±21.37) and environmental health domains (55.59±17.78). The QOL of the BPAD group was comparable to that of the healthy control group and significantly better as compared to that of the schizophrenia group (P<0.0001). \u0000Conclusion: The study shows that patients with schizophrenia had significantly lower QOL than patients with BPAD and healthy subjects. Our study emphasizes the significance of addressing psychiatric patients' overall health and QOL in addition to symptom management.","PeriodicalId":90556,"journal":{"name":"International neuropsychiatric disease journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139450993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-02DOI: 10.9734/indj/2024/v21i1414
Noha Shalaby
The exploration of childhood trauma and its profound impact on the mental health of teenagers has garnered increasing attention in contemporary research. This study delves into the incidences of childhood trauma and investigates its association with the prevalence of depression and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in adolescents. Childhood trauma, encompassing experiences such as abuse, neglect, or witnessing domestic violence, can imprint lasting psychological effects, particularly during the vulnerable teenage years. In a very literal sense, childhood trauma refers to highly distressing and adverse experiences that occur during an individual’s formative years, typically before the age of 18. These experiences can have profound and lasting effects on a person’s physical, emotional, and psychological well-being. Childhood trauma can have far-reaching consequences, influencing various aspects of a person’s life, including their mental health, relationships, and overall well-being. This research study involves a comprehensive examination of the prevalence of different types of childhood trauma within the teenage population, utilizing validated assessment tools and surveys. The study aims to enlist the correlation between specific traumatic experiences and the manifestation of depression and PTSD symptoms. Through this exploration, the research seeks to contribute to the growing body of knowledge surrounding the intricate interplay between adverse childhood experiences and mental health outcomes during adolescence.
{"title":"Exploring the Incidences Behind Childhood Maltreatment in Childhood and its Association with the Prevalence of Depression and PTSD in Teenagers","authors":"Noha Shalaby","doi":"10.9734/indj/2024/v21i1414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/indj/2024/v21i1414","url":null,"abstract":"The exploration of childhood trauma and its profound impact on the mental health of teenagers has garnered increasing attention in contemporary research. This study delves into the incidences of childhood trauma and investigates its association with the prevalence of depression and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in adolescents. Childhood trauma, encompassing experiences such as abuse, neglect, or witnessing domestic violence, can imprint lasting psychological effects, particularly during the vulnerable teenage years. In a very literal sense, childhood trauma refers to highly distressing and adverse experiences that occur during an individual’s formative years, typically before the age of 18. These experiences can have profound and lasting effects on a person’s physical, emotional, and psychological well-being. Childhood trauma can have far-reaching consequences, influencing various aspects of a person’s life, including their mental health, relationships, and overall well-being. This research study involves a comprehensive examination of the prevalence of different types of childhood trauma within the teenage population, utilizing validated assessment tools and surveys. The study aims to enlist the correlation between specific traumatic experiences and the manifestation of depression and PTSD symptoms. Through this exploration, the research seeks to contribute to the growing body of knowledge surrounding the intricate interplay between adverse childhood experiences and mental health outcomes during adolescence.","PeriodicalId":90556,"journal":{"name":"International neuropsychiatric disease journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139452313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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