Pub Date : 2024-04-12DOI: 10.9734/indj/2024/v21i3434
A. Apakama, Arinze Anthony Onwuegbuna, C. E. Nwafor, C. C. Uzozie, Fidelis Nkama Isu, A. E. Onyekwe
Aim: To determine how duration of disease and resilience as determinants correlate with life satisfaction amongst eye pathology patients Methods: This was a prospective cross-sectional survey amongst eye patients at Guinness Eye Centre, Onitsha, South East, Nigeria using pretested interviewer-administered structured questionnaire. Information such as the socio -demographics, duration of disease and questions aimed at assessing the resilience and life satisfaction scores of these patients were collected. Results: A total of 137 patients in the age range 15 to 88years, and with disease duration ranging from 1 to 23 years were enrolled. Gender and age of the participants were controlled as covariate. There was significant correlation between duration of eye pathology diagnosis and life satisfaction r= -0.22, p= 0.01, and resilience and life satisfaction r= 0.30, p= 0.01. In other words as the duration of eye pathology diagnosis increases, the more likely that the patient will report lesser life satisfaction. In contrast, patients who report higher resilience were more likely to also report higher life satisfaction. Conclusion: Life satisfaction amongst eye pathology patients is significantly determined by duration of eye disease and resilience.
{"title":"Duration of Illness and Resilience as Determinants of Life Satisfaction amongst Patients with Eye Pathologies","authors":"A. Apakama, Arinze Anthony Onwuegbuna, C. E. Nwafor, C. C. Uzozie, Fidelis Nkama Isu, A. E. Onyekwe","doi":"10.9734/indj/2024/v21i3434","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/indj/2024/v21i3434","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: To determine how duration of disease and resilience as determinants correlate with life satisfaction amongst eye pathology patients\u0000Methods: This was a prospective cross-sectional survey amongst eye patients at Guinness Eye Centre, Onitsha, South East, Nigeria using pretested interviewer-administered structured questionnaire. Information such as the socio -demographics, duration of disease and questions aimed at assessing the resilience and life satisfaction scores of these patients were collected.\u0000Results: A total of 137 patients in the age range 15 to 88years, and with disease duration ranging from 1 to 23 years were enrolled. Gender and age of the participants were controlled as covariate. There was significant correlation between duration of eye pathology diagnosis and life satisfaction r= -0.22, p= 0.01, and resilience and life satisfaction r= 0.30, p= 0.01. In other words as the duration of eye pathology diagnosis increases, the more likely that the patient will report lesser life satisfaction. In contrast, patients who report higher resilience were more likely to also report higher life satisfaction.\u0000Conclusion: Life satisfaction amongst eye pathology patients is significantly determined by duration of eye disease and resilience.","PeriodicalId":90556,"journal":{"name":"International neuropsychiatric disease journal","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140710636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-06DOI: 10.9734/indj/2024/v21i3433
Emmanson Emmanson Godswill, Ogunwale Fawas Abiodun, Chiamaka Mercy Ogboji, Ojo Oluwakemi Janet, Anthonia. B. O, Sunday Kaura, Augustine Chibuike Olunwa, Godswill Obidike
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), pose global health burdens due to their incurable and degenerative nature. Emerging evidence highlights the complex interplay between the gut microbiome and the central nervous system (CNS), revealing novel mechanisms of ND pathogenesis and progression. This review integrates current literature, correlation analyses, and inferential statistics to elucidate the impact of gut microbiome dysbiosis on NDs and identify potential diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets. The gut-brain axis (GBA), a bidirectional communication network between the gut and the brain, modulates neurological function and disease outcomes. Correlation analyses demonstrated significant associations between gut microbiome perturbations and ND parameters, implying a causal role for gut dysbiosis in ND pathogenesis. Inferential statistics revealed distinct microbial profiles between ND cohorts and healthy controls, indicating a shared gut dysbiosis across diverse NDs. Studies investigating microbial taxa, metabolites, and signaling pathways have provided insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying gut microbiome-mediated effects on neurodegeneration. Elucidating the reciprocal interactions between the gut microbiome and the host physiology is essential for deciphering the GBA’s role in NDs. Despite advances, knowledge gaps remain. Longitudinal studies are required to monitor gut microbiome dynamics over ND progression. Mechanistic studies are needed to establish how gut microbiome composition affects disease. Methodological standardization for gut microbiome assessment is imperative for rigorous research. Future endeavors should aim to translate findings into clinical applications to exploit microbiome-based interventions for enhanced neurological outcomes in NDs.
{"title":"Investigating the Roles of Gut Microbiome in the Progression of Neurodegenerative Diseases: Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)","authors":"Emmanson Emmanson Godswill, Ogunwale Fawas Abiodun, Chiamaka Mercy Ogboji, Ojo Oluwakemi Janet, Anthonia. B. O, Sunday Kaura, Augustine Chibuike Olunwa, Godswill Obidike","doi":"10.9734/indj/2024/v21i3433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/indj/2024/v21i3433","url":null,"abstract":"Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs), such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), pose global health burdens due to their incurable and degenerative nature. Emerging evidence highlights the complex interplay between the gut microbiome and the central nervous system (CNS), revealing novel mechanisms of ND pathogenesis and progression. This review integrates current literature, correlation analyses, and inferential statistics to elucidate the impact of gut microbiome dysbiosis on NDs and identify potential diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets.\u0000The gut-brain axis (GBA), a bidirectional communication network between the gut and the brain, modulates neurological function and disease outcomes. Correlation analyses demonstrated significant associations between gut microbiome perturbations and ND parameters, implying a causal role for gut dysbiosis in ND pathogenesis. Inferential statistics revealed distinct microbial profiles between ND cohorts and healthy controls, indicating a shared gut dysbiosis across diverse NDs.\u0000Studies investigating microbial taxa, metabolites, and signaling pathways have provided insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying gut microbiome-mediated effects on neurodegeneration. Elucidating the reciprocal interactions between the gut microbiome and the host physiology is essential for deciphering the GBA’s role in NDs.\u0000Despite advances, knowledge gaps remain. Longitudinal studies are required to monitor gut microbiome dynamics over ND progression. Mechanistic studies are needed to establish how gut microbiome composition affects disease. Methodological standardization for gut microbiome assessment is imperative for rigorous research. Future endeavors should aim to translate findings into clinical applications to exploit microbiome-based interventions for enhanced neurological outcomes in NDs.","PeriodicalId":90556,"journal":{"name":"International neuropsychiatric disease journal","volume":"34 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140734397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-04DOI: 10.9734/indj/2024/v21i3432
Renata Alves Carvalho, Adelmo Barbosa de Miranda Júnior, Ana Cristina Mendanha Sampaio, Marco Aurélio Miranda Soares, Fabiana de Andrade Bringel, Domenica Palomaris Mariano de Souza, Katyane de Sousa Almeida, Wagner dos Santos Mariano
HIV infection among pregnant women has been on the rise, demanding efforts to prevent vertical transmission. This study analyzed the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of HIV-positive pregnant women treated at the Hospital of Tropical Diseases of the Federal University of Tocantins between 2015 and 2019. Out of the 85 pregnant women analyzed, the majority were between 26 and 34 years old, with 37.64% completing high school. Most resided in Tocantins and had stable partners, with 44.11% unaware of their serological status. Women aged ≥25 years showed lower viral load detection. The majority already had HIV before prenatal care, but only 45.88% started follow-up in the first trimester. Treatment adherence was high, but 14.10% dropped out. The analysis highlighted the need for specific strategies for young pregnant women, emphasizing the importance of prenatal exams for early diagnosis and immediate treatment initiation, reducing vertical transmission. Adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) was crucial, although cases of dropout underscored the need for emotional support. The results reinforce the importance of health policies tailored to the needs of HIV-positive pregnant women, aiming to ensure a holistic and effective approach to this vulnerable population.
{"title":"Association of Various Factors and HIV Infection in Pregnancy: A Clinico- Epidemiological Review","authors":"Renata Alves Carvalho, Adelmo Barbosa de Miranda Júnior, Ana Cristina Mendanha Sampaio, Marco Aurélio Miranda Soares, Fabiana de Andrade Bringel, Domenica Palomaris Mariano de Souza, Katyane de Sousa Almeida, Wagner dos Santos Mariano","doi":"10.9734/indj/2024/v21i3432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/indj/2024/v21i3432","url":null,"abstract":"HIV infection among pregnant women has been on the rise, demanding efforts to prevent vertical transmission. This study analyzed the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of HIV-positive pregnant women treated at the Hospital of Tropical Diseases of the Federal University of Tocantins between 2015 and 2019. Out of the 85 pregnant women analyzed, the majority were between 26 and 34 years old, with 37.64% completing high school. Most resided in Tocantins and had stable partners, with 44.11% unaware of their serological status. Women aged ≥25 years showed lower viral load detection. The majority already had HIV before prenatal care, but only 45.88% started follow-up in the first trimester. Treatment adherence was high, but 14.10% dropped out. The analysis highlighted the need for specific strategies for young pregnant women, emphasizing the importance of prenatal exams for early diagnosis and immediate treatment initiation, reducing vertical transmission. Adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) was crucial, although cases of dropout underscored the need for emotional support. The results reinforce the importance of health policies tailored to the needs of HIV-positive pregnant women, aiming to ensure a holistic and effective approach to this vulnerable population.","PeriodicalId":90556,"journal":{"name":"International neuropsychiatric disease journal","volume":"3 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140745182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-27DOI: 10.9734/indj/2024/v21i3431
Samiksha Joshi, Mohit Kumar Pandey, Bhawna Solanki, P. K. Rajput, Mame Shalini Singh, Hina Praveen, Manthan Gurav
This review explores the transformative impact of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) on understanding schizophrenia. Structural MRI has unveiled significant alterations in brain regions like the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex, offering detailed insights into anatomical irregularities. Functional MRI studies have shed light on disruptions within the default mode network, providing valuable insights into cognitive deficits associated with the disorder. Additionally, Diffusion Tensor Imaging has highlighted white matter abnormalities, underscoring compromised interregional communication within the brain. Despite persistent challenges such as population heterogeneity and variations in imaging protocols, MRI techniques have significantly advanced our understanding of schizophrenia's neurobiological aspects.
{"title":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Insights into Brain Morphology and Connectivity Disruptions in Schizophrenia","authors":"Samiksha Joshi, Mohit Kumar Pandey, Bhawna Solanki, P. K. Rajput, Mame Shalini Singh, Hina Praveen, Manthan Gurav","doi":"10.9734/indj/2024/v21i3431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/indj/2024/v21i3431","url":null,"abstract":"This review explores the transformative impact of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) on understanding schizophrenia. Structural MRI has unveiled significant alterations in brain regions like the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex, offering detailed insights into anatomical irregularities. Functional MRI studies have shed light on disruptions within the default mode network, providing valuable insights into cognitive deficits associated with the disorder. Additionally, Diffusion Tensor Imaging has highlighted white matter abnormalities, underscoring compromised interregional communication within the brain. Despite persistent challenges such as population heterogeneity and variations in imaging protocols, MRI techniques have significantly advanced our understanding of schizophrenia's neurobiological aspects.","PeriodicalId":90556,"journal":{"name":"International neuropsychiatric disease journal","volume":"17 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140374435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-14DOI: 10.9734/indj/2024/v21i3429
Y. Bouguermouh, Y. Sadouki
We are confronted with violence daily, through the media and social networks. This scourge brings into play the presence of several factors favouring the potential for dangerousness in some people compared to others. The distinction between criminal dangerousness and psychiatric dangerousness is essential for care. Psychiatry is often confronted with emergencies, the examination of a violent patient, assigning him the heavy task of deciding on the potential danger (for himself and others) of this patient, and the risk of recidivism. What about on the ground?
{"title":"Assesment of Dangerousness in Psychiatry: What are They in the Field?","authors":"Y. Bouguermouh, Y. Sadouki","doi":"10.9734/indj/2024/v21i3429","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/indj/2024/v21i3429","url":null,"abstract":"We are confronted with violence daily, through the media and social networks. This scourge brings into play the presence of several factors favouring the potential for dangerousness in some people compared to others. The distinction between criminal dangerousness and psychiatric dangerousness is essential for care. Psychiatry is often confronted with emergencies, the examination of a violent patient, assigning him the heavy task of deciding on the potential danger (for himself and others) of this patient, and the risk of recidivism. What about on the ground?","PeriodicalId":90556,"journal":{"name":"International neuropsychiatric disease journal","volume":"33 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140245040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-13DOI: 10.9734/indj/2024/v21i2428
H. B. N. Yongsi
Background: The war is a major poly-traumatic event, which leads to massive population displacements. The question of the evaluation and psychological care of psychotraumatised people is an urgent matter. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the impact of the ongoing war in North-west & South-West (NOSO) on the mental health of soldiers and civilians, focusing on war-induced trauma. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in different settings in the NOSO. Data was collected from 203 participants, two years after the war began, using a structured questionnaire that included sections on sociodemographic information, trauma-related issues, and mental health. Results: The study found that levels of depression and anxiety were relatively average. However, those who were directly exposed to military actions, physical violence, or severe human suffering had higher levels of anxiety, depression, stress, and trauma-related symptoms. The war experience varied by gender, age, involved actors (soldiers vs civilians), and living conditions. Conclusion: The results imply that the degree of exposure to violence and living circumstances had distinct effects on the mental health of those afflicted by the war. The study also found a number of stresses, including physical and sexual assault, kidnapping, and abuses committed by military personnel. Subsequent investigations ought to devise efficacious measures to bolster the welfare of residents amidst this arduous period.
{"title":"The Impact of War on Mental Health in Cameroon's North-west and South-west Regions: A Psycho-traumatology Perspective","authors":"H. B. N. Yongsi","doi":"10.9734/indj/2024/v21i2428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/indj/2024/v21i2428","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The war is a major poly-traumatic event, which leads to massive population displacements. The question of the evaluation and psychological care of psychotraumatised people is an urgent matter. \u0000Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the impact of the ongoing war in North-west & South-West (NOSO) on the mental health of soldiers and civilians, focusing on war-induced trauma. \u0000Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in different settings in the NOSO. Data was collected from 203 participants, two years after the war began, using a structured questionnaire that included sections on sociodemographic information, trauma-related issues, and mental health. \u0000Results: The study found that levels of depression and anxiety were relatively average. However, those who were directly exposed to military actions, physical violence, or severe human suffering had higher levels of anxiety, depression, stress, and trauma-related symptoms. The war experience varied by gender, age, involved actors (soldiers vs civilians), and living conditions. \u0000Conclusion: The results imply that the degree of exposure to violence and living circumstances had distinct effects on the mental health of those afflicted by the war. The study also found a number of stresses, including physical and sexual assault, kidnapping, and abuses committed by military personnel. Subsequent investigations ought to devise efficacious measures to bolster the welfare of residents amidst this arduous period.","PeriodicalId":90556,"journal":{"name":"International neuropsychiatric disease journal","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140245562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-11DOI: 10.9734/indj/2024/v21i2427
Luciana Silvério Alleluia Higino da Silva, Claudia Mara de Melo Tavares, Thiago Nogueira Silva
Introduction: Racism is considered to permeate the lives of the black population, with black nurses standing out in this context, across different stages of life, causing illness of all kinds, including mental illness. Objectives: Thus, this article aimed to understand the academic and professional experiences of black nurses working in mental health and how they perceive their care from the ancestral decolonial perspective. Methods: It was a sociopoetic qualitative study, conducted with nine black nurses working in mental health in the state of Rio de Janeiro in May 2023, with data produced in a meeting through collective construction on decolonial care, where after transcription of the audios, they were categorized with the support of MAXQDA software (2022), and the research was submitted to the Research Ethics Committee (REC) with CAAE–48959421.1.3001.5279 and approved with opinion no. 5,555,653. Results: The statements of the black nurses who participated in the sociopoetic experimentation resulted in three categories: 1) Racism as a barrier to access in academic training, 2) The experience of being a black nurse in everyday work, and 3) Decolonial/ancestral care as resistance. Discussion: Certainly, nursing education needs to be reorganized; since its inception, its theoretical-practical reading has been based solely on a single worldview, or rather, focused on caring for a single reference of "human being". Hence the need to rethink and incorporate multicultural concepts and care practices that can overcome all structures that sustain racism in contemporary society. Conclusions: Phenotypic prejudice, in addition to preventing different people from ensuring the right to access and opportunities, leads numerous professionals to suffer physically and mentally or to give up their careers. Nursing and mental health need to be prepared for current and future challenges in a world that is becoming more diverse every day. Finally, it is important for other studies to address this issue until racism is eradicated from society and especially from nursing.
{"title":"Challenges and Reflections of Black Nurses in Mental Health: Navigating between Colonialist and Decolonial/Ancestral Paradigms","authors":"Luciana Silvério Alleluia Higino da Silva, Claudia Mara de Melo Tavares, Thiago Nogueira Silva","doi":"10.9734/indj/2024/v21i2427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/indj/2024/v21i2427","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Racism is considered to permeate the lives of the black population, with black nurses standing out in this context, across different stages of life, causing illness of all kinds, including mental illness. Objectives: Thus, this article aimed to understand the academic and professional experiences of black nurses working in mental health and how they perceive their care from the ancestral decolonial perspective. Methods: It was a sociopoetic qualitative study, conducted with nine black nurses working in mental health in the state of Rio de Janeiro in May 2023, with data produced in a meeting through collective construction on decolonial care, where after transcription of the audios, they were categorized with the support of MAXQDA software (2022), and the research was submitted to the Research Ethics Committee (REC) with CAAE–48959421.1.3001.5279 and approved with opinion no. 5,555,653. Results: The statements of the black nurses who participated in the sociopoetic experimentation resulted in three categories: 1) Racism as a barrier to access in academic training, 2) The experience of being a black nurse in everyday work, and 3) Decolonial/ancestral care as resistance. Discussion: Certainly, nursing education needs to be reorganized; since its inception, its theoretical-practical reading has been based solely on a single worldview, or rather, focused on caring for a single reference of \"human being\". Hence the need to rethink and incorporate multicultural concepts and care practices that can overcome all structures that sustain racism in contemporary society. Conclusions: Phenotypic prejudice, in addition to preventing different people from ensuring the right to access and opportunities, leads numerous professionals to suffer physically and mentally or to give up their careers. Nursing and mental health need to be prepared for current and future challenges in a world that is becoming more diverse every day. Finally, it is important for other studies to address this issue until racism is eradicated from society and especially from nursing.","PeriodicalId":90556,"journal":{"name":"International neuropsychiatric disease journal","volume":"35 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140253590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-09DOI: 10.9734/indj/2024/v21i2426
Ignatius Abowini Awinibuno Nchor, N. Amidu, Adams Yussif, P. Dapare, M. A. Akilla
Aim: This study investigated the relationship between iron metabolism and psychiatric disorder and whether iron saturation indices could predict disease severity. Study Design: The study was a case-control study. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted between December 2020 to March 2022 in some selected psychiatric facilities in Ghana. Methodology: Venous blood was collected and serum iron, TIBC, ferritin, transferrin and full blood count were quantified to calculate intraindividual variation and to assess the relationships of these iron saturation indices to severity of psychiatric disorders. Results: Serum iron (38.98±14.55 µmol/L), ferritin (100.23±84.98 ng/mL) and transferrin saturation (44.35±14.6%) were significantly (p<0.05) higher in group with psychiatric disorders compared with the controls (29.25±8.0 µmol/L; 75.25±42.71 ng/mL and 28.66±7.1%). However, total iron binding capacity (TIBC) (102.47±15.01 µmol/L), UIBC (73.22±13.12 µmol/L) and transferrin (4.08±0.6 g/L) concentrations were considerably greater in control group than in the case subjects (88.95±19.73 µmol/L; 49.97±18.32 µmol/L and 3.54±0.79 g/L). One unit increase in BMI is associated with 1.27 (aOR=1.27, p<0.001) times risk of psychiatric disorders and males are 6 (aOR=5.87, p<0.005) times at risk of disorders. At a cut off of ≤65.79 µmol/L, UIBC can distinguish psychiatric disorders from controls. Conclusion: Serum iron and transferrin saturation appears to be good prognostic markers of diseases severity but serum iron at cut off of >35.23 µmol/L better classified individuals of severe form of psychiatric disorder.
{"title":"Relationship between Iron Saturation Indices and Psychiatric Disorders among Persons Seeking Care at Selected Psychiatry Health Facilities in Ghana","authors":"Ignatius Abowini Awinibuno Nchor, N. Amidu, Adams Yussif, P. Dapare, M. A. Akilla","doi":"10.9734/indj/2024/v21i2426","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/indj/2024/v21i2426","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: This study investigated the relationship between iron metabolism and psychiatric disorder and whether iron saturation indices could predict disease severity. \u0000Study Design: The study was a case-control study. \u0000Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted between December 2020 to March 2022 in some selected psychiatric facilities in Ghana. \u0000Methodology: Venous blood was collected and serum iron, TIBC, ferritin, transferrin and full blood count were quantified to calculate intraindividual variation and to assess the relationships of these iron saturation indices to severity of psychiatric disorders. \u0000Results: Serum iron (38.98±14.55 µmol/L), ferritin (100.23±84.98 ng/mL) and transferrin saturation (44.35±14.6%) were significantly (p<0.05) higher in group with psychiatric disorders compared with the controls (29.25±8.0 µmol/L; 75.25±42.71 ng/mL and 28.66±7.1%). However, total iron binding capacity (TIBC) (102.47±15.01 µmol/L), UIBC (73.22±13.12 µmol/L) and transferrin (4.08±0.6 g/L) concentrations were considerably greater in control group than in the case subjects (88.95±19.73 µmol/L; 49.97±18.32 µmol/L and 3.54±0.79 g/L). One unit increase in BMI is associated with 1.27 (aOR=1.27, p<0.001) times risk of psychiatric disorders and males are 6 (aOR=5.87, p<0.005) times at risk of disorders. At a cut off of ≤65.79 µmol/L, UIBC can distinguish psychiatric disorders from controls. \u0000Conclusion: Serum iron and transferrin saturation appears to be good prognostic markers of diseases severity but serum iron at cut off of >35.23 µmol/L better classified individuals of severe form of psychiatric disorder.","PeriodicalId":90556,"journal":{"name":"International neuropsychiatric disease journal","volume":"284 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140255540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-07DOI: 10.9734/indj/2024/v21i2425
Owen R. Thornton, Wenjun Li
This original paper aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the prevalence and trends in mental health disorders (n=6,420) from 1990 to 2019. Utilizing a sourced dataset, statistical methods are used to explore the increasing rates of mental health disorders, with a focus on healthcare workers, gender disparities, and geographical variations. The study reveals a significant increase in the prevalence of mental health disorders over the past three decades. Healthcare workers were found to be at a particularly higher risk for adverse mental health outcomes. Additionally, the data showed notable geographical variations, indicating the need for region-specific healthcare policies. Gender disparities were also evident, emphasizing the importance of gender-specific mental health interventions. Policymakers and healthcare providers should consider these findings to implement effective mental health programs, especially for at-risk groups like healthcare workers. The study also highlights the need for future research to provide a more comprehensive understanding of mental health trends globally.
{"title":"Global Trends and Correlations in Mental Health Disorders: A Comprehensive Analysis from 1990 to 2019","authors":"Owen R. Thornton, Wenjun Li","doi":"10.9734/indj/2024/v21i2425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/indj/2024/v21i2425","url":null,"abstract":"This original paper aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the prevalence and trends in mental health disorders (n=6,420) from 1990 to 2019. Utilizing a sourced dataset, statistical methods are used to explore the increasing rates of mental health disorders, with a focus on healthcare workers, gender disparities, and geographical variations. The study reveals a significant increase in the prevalence of mental health disorders over the past three decades. Healthcare workers were found to be at a particularly higher risk for adverse mental health outcomes. Additionally, the data showed notable geographical variations, indicating the need for region-specific healthcare policies. Gender disparities were also evident, emphasizing the importance of gender-specific mental health interventions. Policymakers and healthcare providers should consider these findings to implement effective mental health programs, especially for at-risk groups like healthcare workers. The study also highlights the need for future research to provide a more comprehensive understanding of mental health trends globally.","PeriodicalId":90556,"journal":{"name":"International neuropsychiatric disease journal","volume":"18 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140260184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-02DOI: 10.9734/indj/2024/v21i2424
Mudassir Alam, Kashif Abbas, Gowhar Ashiq Dar, Nosaiba, Khursheed Ahmed
In 2008, the World Health Organization (WHO) stressed major depressive disorder (MDD) as the third most important cause of disease burden worldwide. Based on their projections, it is expected that by 2030, MDD will take the lead among the rest of the world’s health concerns. Brain derived neurotrophic factor 4 (BDNF4), a protein of neurotrophins family play pivotal role in maintaining neural plasticity, and its reduced level in the hippocampus and plasma have been reported in patients with MDD. Nootropic drugs serve as therapeutic interventions in mitigating MDD through diverse molecular mechanisms. Punica granatum (pomegranate) is acknowledged for its nutritional and medicinal properties, currently under medical scrutiny for its potential as a natural antidepressant. Various computational methodologies, including molecular docking, pharmacokinetics, ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion) profile assessment, toxicological analysis, and prediction of biological activity, were employed to identify promising compounds among the phytochemicals present in Punica extract, focusing on their potential BDNF4-stimulating, nootropic, and antidepressant properties. The comprehensive examination of docking scores, interactions between proteins and ligands, pharmacological and toxicological attributes, along with the forecasting of biological activities, collectively underscores the potential attributes of M-Cymene, Flavylium, 2-(4-Methylphenyl)propan-2-ol, Thymol, and Pelletierine as prospective drug candidates targeting human BDNF4 for alleviating MDD.
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