Md Zahurul Islam, Md Hafizul Kabir, S M Shahinul Islam
Mango is the leading seasonal cash crop in Rajshahi, Naogaon and Chapainawabganj and other regions of Bangladesh. But due to fruit fly and borer the important cash crop is prone to attacks of insect pests and diseases its developmental stages. The study has been conducted to find out the effect of pre-harvest fruit bagging against fruit fly and borer on post-harvest quality and shelf life of mango cv. Amrapali. Under this study five different bagging materials were used e.g (i) control (non-bag fruit), (ii) brown paper bag (T1), (iii) white paper bag (T2), (iv) black polythene bag (T3) and (v) white polythene bag (T4). In this case non-bagging fruits were considered as control (T0). The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with three replications. Significant variations among the pre-harvest bagging materials in relation to physio-chemical quality attributes and shelf life of mango cv. Amrapali was found. The attributes such as weight, length and breadth of fruit, skin color, moisture content, dry matter content, Vitamin-C, sugar content (reducing, non-reducing and total sugar), total soluble solids content and shelf life were significantly influenced by the bagging materials. All parameters except Vitamin-C of the bagged fruits were higher than that of control fruits. Highly significant difference in respect of shelf life between bagged and non-bagged fruit was observed. The longer shelf life (15.06 days) was observed in brown paper bag whereas the shortest shelf life (7.92 days) was in control fruits. It was observed that all bagging materials were 100% effective against fruit fly and borer attack but all physical and chemical parameters were significantly affected due to apply different bagging materials. Considering all parameters, it was found that brown paper and white paper bagged fruits mangoes appeared to be the best in respect of skin color weight and size of fruit, moisture content, dry matter content, Vitamin-C content, total soluble solids content, and extending shelf life in mango cv. Amrapali. J. Bio-Sci. 32(1): 41-55, 2024
{"title":"Sustainable Management Against Fruit Fly And Borer By Bagging Systems In Mango (Mangifera Indica L.)","authors":"Md Zahurul Islam, Md Hafizul Kabir, S M Shahinul Islam","doi":"10.3329/jbs.v32i1.74987","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/jbs.v32i1.74987","url":null,"abstract":"Mango is the leading seasonal cash crop in Rajshahi, Naogaon and Chapainawabganj and other regions of Bangladesh. But due to fruit fly and borer the important cash crop is prone to attacks of insect pests and diseases its developmental stages. The study has been conducted to find out the effect of pre-harvest fruit bagging against fruit fly and borer on post-harvest quality and shelf life of mango cv. Amrapali. Under this study five different bagging materials were used e.g (i) control (non-bag fruit), (ii) brown paper bag (T1), (iii) white paper bag (T2), (iv) black polythene bag (T3) and (v) white polythene bag (T4). In this case non-bagging fruits were considered as control (T0). The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with three replications. Significant variations among the pre-harvest bagging materials in relation to physio-chemical quality attributes and shelf life of mango cv. Amrapali was found. The attributes such as weight, length and breadth of fruit, skin color, moisture content, dry matter content, Vitamin-C, sugar content (reducing, non-reducing and total sugar), total soluble solids content and shelf life were significantly influenced by the bagging materials. All parameters except Vitamin-C of the bagged fruits were higher than that of control fruits. Highly significant difference in respect of shelf life between bagged and non-bagged fruit was observed. The longer shelf life (15.06 days) was observed in brown paper bag whereas the shortest shelf life (7.92 days) was in control fruits. It was observed that all bagging materials were 100% effective against fruit fly and borer attack but all physical and chemical parameters were significantly affected due to apply different bagging materials. Considering all parameters, it was found that brown paper and white paper bagged fruits mangoes appeared to be the best in respect of skin color weight and size of fruit, moisture content, dry matter content, Vitamin-C content, total soluble solids content, and extending shelf life in mango cv. Amrapali.\u0000J. Bio-Sci. 32(1): 41-55, 2024","PeriodicalId":90580,"journal":{"name":"Journal of bio-science","volume":"3 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141797205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Amaranthus spp. are widely consumed as vegetables for their nutritious qualities and also have applications in traditional medicine. The current research attempts to identify the phytochemicals, cytotoxicity effects, and antioxidant activities of the stem of A. tricolor, A. blitum, A. viridis, and A. spinosus. The stem powder was extracted by solvent using methanol, ethanol, and aqueous. The methods were used for phytochemical screening (standard protocol), total phenol content (Folin-ciocalteau assay), total flavonoid content (aluminum colorimetric assay), cytotoxicity (brine shrimp lethality assay) and antioxidants (phosphomolybdate and DPPH assay). The phytochemical analysis revealed the existence of alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, carbohydrate, glycosides, c. glycosides, amino acids, xanthoproteins, phenols, saponins, steroids, and coumarins. Among the four species, the methanolic extracts of A. blitum showed maximum quantities of phenol (20.02 ± 0.32 mg GAE/g), flavonoid (27.76 ± 0.29 mg QE/g) and high antioxidant activity (IC50 = 103.25 ± 1.52 µg/ml). The highest total antioxidant capacity was observed in the ethanolic extract of A. viridis (48.53 ± 2.98 mg AA/g). The stem of A. blitum showed little cytotoxic impact (LC50 <1000) and the rest of the species were non-cytotoxic (LC50>1000). The findings demonstrated that the selected Amaranthus spp. are a valuable source of phytochemicals and natural antioxidants. This research suggests conducting further investigation to detect novel compounds. J. Bio-Sci. 32(1): 57-67, 2024
{"title":"Comparative Studies On Phytochemical Screening, Cytotoxicity And Antioxidant Activities Of Stem Extracts Of Four Amaranthus Spp.","authors":"Md Omar Faruq, Md Latifuzzaman, Gour Pada Ghosh","doi":"10.3329/jbs.v32i1.74988","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/jbs.v32i1.74988","url":null,"abstract":"Amaranthus spp. are widely consumed as vegetables for their nutritious qualities and also have applications in traditional medicine. The current research attempts to identify the phytochemicals, cytotoxicity effects, and antioxidant activities of the stem of A. tricolor, A. blitum, A. viridis, and A. spinosus. The stem powder was extracted by solvent using methanol, ethanol, and aqueous. The methods were used for phytochemical screening (standard protocol), total phenol content (Folin-ciocalteau assay), total flavonoid content (aluminum colorimetric assay), cytotoxicity (brine shrimp lethality assay) and antioxidants (phosphomolybdate and DPPH assay). The phytochemical analysis revealed the existence of alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, carbohydrate, glycosides, c. glycosides, amino acids, xanthoproteins, phenols, saponins, steroids, and coumarins. Among the four species, the methanolic extracts of A. blitum showed maximum quantities of phenol (20.02 ± 0.32 mg GAE/g), flavonoid (27.76 ± 0.29 mg QE/g) and high antioxidant activity (IC50 = 103.25 ± 1.52 µg/ml). The highest total antioxidant capacity was observed in the ethanolic extract of A. viridis (48.53 ± 2.98 mg AA/g). The stem of A. blitum showed little cytotoxic impact (LC50 <1000) and the rest of the species were non-cytotoxic (LC50>1000). The findings demonstrated that the selected Amaranthus spp. are a valuable source of phytochemicals and natural antioxidants. This research suggests conducting further investigation to detect novel compounds.\u0000J. Bio-Sci. 32(1): 57-67, 2024","PeriodicalId":90580,"journal":{"name":"Journal of bio-science","volume":"79 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141798337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Monwar, Akm Shafiur Rahman, Md. Rafiqul Islam Khan, R. Barman, Md Bytul Mokaddesur Rahman, M. I. I. Wahed
Azithromycin possesses low aqueous solubility leading to inadequate absorption and poor bioavailability after oral administration. Solid dispersion of azithromycin represented a formulation with enhanced dissolution and antibacterial activity. The study designed to evaluate the in-vivo potential of azithromycin-loaded solid dispersion in Escherichia coli-induced diarrheagenic (DEC) mice. Diarrhea was induced in Swiss Albino mice by the oral administration of bacterial culture (100 μl of 1010 CFU/ml) in high glucose Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM). The E. coli-infected diarrheal mice received oral administration of azithromycin-loaded solid dispersion, equivalent doses of pure azithromycin and/or vehicle (DMEM in high glucose) for 3 days; and their effects on diarrheal score, inflammatory markers, and histology of intestinal tissues were observed. Azithromycin-loaded solid dispersion treatment prevented diarrhea and retardation of growth in infected mice more efficiently than the equivalent doses of pure azithromycin. The E. coli-infected mice demonstrated soft feces with irregular intervals; however, the nature and frequency of feces were improved with azithromycin-loaded solid dispersion. The increased level of total white blood cells and % of neutrophil was also significantly decreased with solid dispersion of azithromycin. In contrast, pure azithromycin did not alter the counts compared to disease control mice. Furthermore, the colonic tissues of E. coli-infected mice showed loss of epithelial integrity with sub-mucosal edema and also associated with increased serum amylase and C-reactive protein levels. However, solid dispersion of azithromycin-treated mice exhibited restoration of colonic tissue structure with a significant attenuation in serum amylase and C-reactive protein levels compared to pure azithromycin and/or vehicle-treated mice. Solid dispersion of azithromycin was more effective against E. coli-infected diarrheagenic mice than the equivalent doses of pure azithromycin; and the effect was dose-dependent. J. Bio-Sci. 32(1): 69-82, 2024
阿奇霉素的水溶性较低，导致口服后吸收不足，生物利用率较低。阿奇霉素的固体分散体是一种可提高溶解度和抗菌活性的制剂。本研究旨在评估阿奇霉素固体分散体在大肠杆菌诱导的腹泻（DEC）小鼠体内的潜力。瑞士白化小鼠通过口服细菌培养液（100 μl，1010 CFU/ml）诱发腹泻，培养液为高糖杜氏改良老鹰培养基（DMEM）。大肠杆菌感染的腹泻小鼠口服阿奇霉素固体分散剂、等剂量的纯阿奇霉素和/或载体（高葡萄糖 DMEM）3 天，观察它们对腹泻评分、炎症指标和肠道组织学的影响。与同等剂量的纯阿奇霉素相比，负载阿奇霉素的固体分散体能更有效地防止感染小鼠腹泻和生长迟缓。大肠杆菌感染的小鼠粪便松软，间隔时间不规则；但使用阿奇霉素固体分散剂后，粪便的性质和次数都得到了改善。使用阿奇霉素固体分散剂后，小鼠白细胞总数和中性粒细胞百分比的增加也明显减少。相比之下，与疾病对照组小鼠相比，纯阿奇霉素不会改变白细胞计数。此外，大肠杆菌感染小鼠的结肠组织显示上皮完整性丧失，粘膜下水肿，血清淀粉酶和 C 反应蛋白水平升高。然而，与纯阿奇霉素和/或药物处理的小鼠相比，经阿奇霉素固体分散剂处理的小鼠结肠组织结构得到恢复，血清淀粉酶和 C 反应蛋白水平显著降低。与同等剂量的纯阿奇霉素相比，阿奇霉素固体分散体对大肠杆菌感染的腹泻小鼠更有效；而且效果与剂量有关：69-82, 2024
{"title":"Antidiarrheal Efficacy Of Azithromycin-loaded Solid Dispersion In Escherichia Coli-induced Diarrheagenic Mice","authors":"M. Monwar, Akm Shafiur Rahman, Md. Rafiqul Islam Khan, R. Barman, Md Bytul Mokaddesur Rahman, M. I. I. Wahed","doi":"10.3329/jbs.v32i1.74989","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/jbs.v32i1.74989","url":null,"abstract":"Azithromycin possesses low aqueous solubility leading to inadequate absorption and poor bioavailability after oral administration. Solid dispersion of azithromycin represented a formulation with enhanced dissolution and antibacterial activity. The study designed to evaluate the in-vivo potential of azithromycin-loaded solid dispersion in Escherichia coli-induced diarrheagenic (DEC) mice. Diarrhea was induced in Swiss Albino mice by the oral administration of bacterial culture (100 μl of 1010 CFU/ml) in high glucose Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM). The E. coli-infected diarrheal mice received oral administration of azithromycin-loaded solid dispersion, equivalent doses of pure azithromycin and/or vehicle (DMEM in high glucose) for 3 days; and their effects on diarrheal score, inflammatory markers, and histology of intestinal tissues were observed. Azithromycin-loaded solid dispersion treatment prevented diarrhea and retardation of growth in infected mice more efficiently than the equivalent doses of pure azithromycin. The E. coli-infected mice demonstrated soft feces with irregular intervals; however, the nature and frequency of feces were improved with azithromycin-loaded solid dispersion. The increased level of total white blood cells and % of neutrophil was also significantly decreased with solid dispersion of azithromycin. In contrast, pure azithromycin did not alter the counts compared to disease control mice. Furthermore, the colonic tissues of E. coli-infected mice showed loss of epithelial integrity with sub-mucosal edema and also associated with increased serum amylase and C-reactive protein levels. However, solid dispersion of azithromycin-treated mice exhibited restoration of colonic tissue structure with a significant attenuation in serum amylase and C-reactive protein levels compared to pure azithromycin and/or vehicle-treated mice. Solid dispersion of azithromycin was more effective against E. coli-infected diarrheagenic mice than the equivalent doses of pure azithromycin; and the effect was dose-dependent.\u0000J. Bio-Sci. 32(1): 69-82, 2024","PeriodicalId":90580,"journal":{"name":"Journal of bio-science","volume":"70 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141798274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rakhee Sarkar, P. Hassan, Abdul Awal, S M Shahinul Islam
Pneumonia is an infectious disease of the respiratory tract that causes inflammation of the pulmonary parenchyma. The study aimed to determine the relationship between bacterial pneumonia and chronic periodontitis. This was a cross sectional type of descriptive study which was carried out among the 104 patients attending at Dental Outpatient Department, Barind Medical College Hospital, Rajshahi for the treatment of chronic periodontitis which were selected purposely. Most responders (46.2%) were between the ages of 21 and 30, and the vast majorities (88.5%) were men. Data showed that 92.0% of people came from a nuclear family, 63.5% had completed high school, and 70.2% had a monthly house hold income of less than 10,000 Taka. Great majority (46.2%) lived in standard housing without windows (52.9%) or ventilation (66.0%). With regards to the evaluation of chronic periodontal condition, 87.5% of those with community acquired pneumonia had history of gum bleeding, compared to 95.2% of those with no history of this. Most cases of pneumonia were identified as being caused by Streptococcus pneumonia (59.80%) after bacteriological testing. One-way analysis of variance revealed a significant correlation (p<0.001) between oral hygiene index, dental calculus index and dental periodontal index and bacterial pneumonia. Bacterial pneumonia was found to be substantially linked with housing condition, ventilation, sunlight and oral hygiene index (p<0.05). People would not get bacterial pneumonia if we told them to take care of their gums and teeth, patients who had received periodontal therapy and practiced good oral hygiene were found to have a risk of pneumonia that was nearly half that of the general population. J. Bio-Sci. 32(1): 21-29, 2024
{"title":"Bacterial Pneumonia And Its Association With Chronic Periodontal Disease Among The Patients Attending At Barind Medical College Hospital, Rajshahi","authors":"Rakhee Sarkar, P. Hassan, Abdul Awal, S M Shahinul Islam","doi":"10.3329/jbs.v32i1.74985","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/jbs.v32i1.74985","url":null,"abstract":"Pneumonia is an infectious disease of the respiratory tract that causes inflammation of the pulmonary parenchyma. The study aimed to determine the relationship between bacterial pneumonia and chronic periodontitis. This was a cross sectional type of descriptive study which was carried out among the 104 patients attending at Dental Outpatient Department, Barind Medical College Hospital, Rajshahi for the treatment of chronic periodontitis which were selected purposely. Most responders (46.2%) were between the ages of 21 and 30, and the vast majorities (88.5%) were men. Data showed that 92.0% of people came from a nuclear family, 63.5% had completed high school, and 70.2% had a monthly house hold income of less than 10,000 Taka. Great majority (46.2%) lived in standard housing without windows (52.9%) or ventilation (66.0%). With regards to the evaluation of chronic periodontal condition, 87.5% of those with community acquired pneumonia had history of gum bleeding, compared to 95.2% of those with no history of this. Most cases of pneumonia were identified as being caused by Streptococcus pneumonia (59.80%) after bacteriological testing. One-way analysis of variance revealed a significant correlation (p<0.001) between oral hygiene index, dental calculus index and dental periodontal index and bacterial pneumonia. Bacterial pneumonia was found to be substantially linked with housing condition, ventilation, sunlight and oral hygiene index (p<0.05). People would not get bacterial pneumonia if we told them to take care of their gums and teeth, patients who had received periodontal therapy and practiced good oral hygiene were found to have a risk of pneumonia that was nearly half that of the general population.\u0000J. Bio-Sci. 32(1): 21-29, 2024","PeriodicalId":90580,"journal":{"name":"Journal of bio-science","volume":"80 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141798203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Sikder, A. Sultana, Md. Sabbir Ahmmed, Nuhu Alam
Amla (Phyllanthus emblica L.) fruit is prone to rot, which is responsible for the qualitative losses of the fruits both during the pre- and post-harvest period. A fungal pathogen was isolated using tissue planting methods. The genomic DNA of the isolated fungus was amplified and sequenced under the Sanger Sequencing platform. Blast search showed 99% sequence similarity with Fusarium incarnatum-equiseti species complex. The vegetative growth of the targeted fungus was assessed on several fungal culture media, in which Richard Agar medium exhibited the maximum mycelial growth at 25ºC temperatures. Neutral to slightly alkaline condition was mostly preferred by this fungus. Among three light regimes, the complete light condition was ideal for the mycelial growth of the fungus. Three aqueous plant extracts were evaluated to check in vitro vegetative growth, in which garlic (20%) was quite enough to restrict complete mycelial growth of it. Two food preservatives were also assessed, where sodium benzoate (50 mM) was most effective for the restriction of the targeted fungus compared to vinegar. Therefore, garlic and sodium benzoate could be used to manage the fungal growth of F. incarnatum-equiseti associated with Amla fruits. To the best of our knowledge, Amla fruit rot caused by F. incarnatum-equiseti is the first record in Bangladesh. J. Bio-Sci. 32(1): 1-12, 2024
阿姆拉（Phyllanthus emblica L.）果实容易腐烂，这是在采收前后造成果实质量损失的原因。利用组织种植方法分离出了一种真菌病原体。在桑格测序平台上对分离出的真菌基因组 DNA 进行了扩增和测序。Blast 搜索结果显示，该真菌与 Fusarium incarnatum-equiseti 菌种复合体的序列相似度为 99%。在几种真菌培养基上对目标真菌的无性生殖进行了评估，其中理查德琼脂培养基在 25ºC 温度下的菌丝生长量最大。这种真菌主要喜欢中性至微碱性条件。在三种光照条件中，全光照条件是真菌菌丝生长的理想条件。对三种水性植物提取物进行了评估，以检查体外无性生长情况，其中大蒜（20%）足以限制其菌丝的完全生长。此外，还对两种食品防腐剂进行了评估，其中苯甲酸钠（50 mM）与食醋相比，对目标真菌的限制最为有效。因此，大蒜和苯甲酸钠可用于控制与阿木拉果实相关的 F. incarnatum-equiseti 真菌的生长。据我们所知，由 F. incarnatum-equiseti 引起的阿木拉果实腐烂病在孟加拉国尚属首次记录：1-12, 2024
{"title":"First Report Of Fusarium Fruit Rot Causing Fusarium Incarnatum-equiseti On Amla In Bangladesh","authors":"M. Sikder, A. Sultana, Md. Sabbir Ahmmed, Nuhu Alam","doi":"10.3329/jbs.v32i1.74983","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/jbs.v32i1.74983","url":null,"abstract":"Amla (Phyllanthus emblica L.) fruit is prone to rot, which is responsible for the qualitative losses of the fruits both during the pre- and post-harvest period. A fungal pathogen was isolated using tissue planting methods. The genomic DNA of the isolated fungus was amplified and sequenced under the Sanger Sequencing platform. Blast search showed 99% sequence similarity with Fusarium incarnatum-equiseti species complex. The vegetative growth of the targeted fungus was assessed on several fungal culture media, in which Richard Agar medium exhibited the maximum mycelial growth at 25ºC temperatures. Neutral to slightly alkaline condition was mostly preferred by this fungus. Among three light regimes, the complete light condition was ideal for the mycelial growth of the fungus. Three aqueous plant extracts were evaluated to check in vitro vegetative growth, in which garlic (20%) was quite enough to restrict complete mycelial growth of it. Two food preservatives were also assessed, where sodium benzoate (50 mM) was most effective for the restriction of the targeted fungus compared to vinegar. Therefore, garlic and sodium benzoate could be used to manage the fungal growth of F. incarnatum-equiseti associated with Amla fruits. To the best of our knowledge, Amla fruit rot caused by F. incarnatum-equiseti is the first record in Bangladesh.\u0000J. Bio-Sci. 32(1): 1-12, 2024","PeriodicalId":90580,"journal":{"name":"Journal of bio-science","volume":"5 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141797522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mitotic index of Lablab purpureus was found highest in BARI Sheem-6 and lowest in BARI Sheem-1. A high mitotic index value shows the higher growth patterns of plants than others. The interphase nuclear structure analysis showed differences in the organization and distribution of chromatin within the nuclei of the cultivars. Percentages of heterochromatin were found highest in BARI Sheem-5 and lowest in BARI Sheem-3 which may be considered as more primitive and more advance in nature, respectively. Some cultivars exhibited a more condensed and organized nuclear structure, while others displayed a more dispersed and irregular arrangement of chromatin. Furthermore, the measurement of heterochromatin percentage indicated significant variations among the cultivars. Heterochromatin, which is associated with the gene silencing and genome stability, ranged from low to high percentages in different cultivars. This suggests potential differences in gene expression and genomic stability among the 10 cultivars of L. purpureus. Overall, the study highlights the existence of genetic diversity in L. purpureus cultivars, as evidenced by variations in interphase nuclear structure and heterochromatin percentage. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the genetic and epigenetic factors that influence the phenotypic characteristics agronomic performance of L. purpureus. J. Bio-Sci. 32(1): 13-19, 2024
有丝分裂指数在 BARI Sheem-6 中最高，在 BARI Sheem-1 中最低。有丝分裂指数值高，表明植物的生长模式高于其他植物。相间核结构分析表明，各栽培品种细胞核内染色质的组织和分布存在差异。异染色质的百分比在 BARI Sheem-5 中最高，而在 BARI Sheem-3 中最低，可分别视为更原始和更先进。一些栽培品种的核结构更为紧凑有序，而另一些栽培品种的染色质排列则更为分散不规则。此外，异染色质百分比的测量结果表明，不同栽培品种之间存在显著差异。异染色质与基因沉默和基因组稳定性有关，不同栽培品种的异染色质百分比从低到高不等。这表明，L. purpureus 的 10 个栽培品种在基因表达和基因组稳定性方面可能存在差异。总体而言，该研究强调了紫花苜蓿栽培品种中存在的遗传多样性，这可以从期核结构和异染色质百分比的变化中得到证明。这些发现有助于更好地理解影响紫花苜蓿表型特征农艺表现的遗传和表观遗传因素：13-19, 2024
{"title":"Interphase Nuclear Structure And Heterochromatin Percentages In Somatic Cells On Ten Cultivars Of Lablab Purpureus L.","authors":"Md. Saifur Rahman, Ummay Salma Pritha, Priya Khatun, Md. Abdul Bari, Md. Mamunur, Rashid Sarkar, Mosleh Ud-deen, Golam Kabir","doi":"10.3329/jbs.v32i1.74984","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/jbs.v32i1.74984","url":null,"abstract":"Mitotic index of Lablab purpureus was found highest in BARI Sheem-6 and lowest in BARI Sheem-1. A high mitotic index value shows the higher growth patterns of plants than others. The interphase nuclear structure analysis showed differences in the organization and distribution of chromatin within the nuclei of the cultivars. Percentages of heterochromatin were found highest in BARI Sheem-5 and lowest in BARI Sheem-3 which may be considered as more primitive and more advance in nature, respectively. Some cultivars exhibited a more condensed and organized nuclear structure, while others displayed a more dispersed and irregular arrangement of chromatin. Furthermore, the measurement of heterochromatin percentage indicated significant variations among the cultivars. Heterochromatin, which is associated with the gene silencing and genome stability, ranged from low to high percentages in different cultivars. This suggests potential differences in gene expression and genomic stability among the 10 cultivars of L. purpureus. Overall, the study highlights the existence of genetic diversity in L. purpureus cultivars, as evidenced by variations in interphase nuclear structure and heterochromatin percentage. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the genetic and epigenetic factors that influence the phenotypic characteristics agronomic performance of L. purpureus.\u0000J. Bio-Sci. 32(1): 13-19, 2024","PeriodicalId":90580,"journal":{"name":"Journal of bio-science","volume":"71 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141798564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ali M Quawsar, Farjana Afrin, Mst IA Begum, Md G Haider, Shah MA Rauf, H. Golbar
Meat from dead animal is not good for human consumption. Slaughtering of animal results in 75-85% bleeding efficiency whereas dead animals do not bleed at all. Considering these views, this work aimed to develop a protocol for the differentiation of meat from dead and slaughtered animals based on hemoglobin content. Meat samples collected from dead and slaughtered layer, broiler and Sonali chickens and cattle were analyzed with two reagents viz. leucomalachite green (LMG) and tetramethyl benzidine (TMB). In brief, the muscle tissue was chopped, in triplicate, and placed in distilled water to liberate hemoglobin, which was allowed to react with hydrogen peroxide followed by reaction with LMG and TMB reagents for color production. The color output was graded by visual inspection as well as by measuring optical density on a spectrophotometer. The optical density ratios of meat from dead to slaughtered animals were 1.41±0.13, 1.89±0.43, 2.31±0.41, 2.01±34 with LMG and 4.76±1.13, 2.31±0.60, 6.55±0.25, 2.31±1.02 with TMB for white layer, brown layer, broiler and Sonali chickens, respectively. Meat from dead cattle produced blue color whereas that of slaughtered cattle produced green to light blue color. The intensity of color output was proportionate to the amount of hemoglobin content. The two chemicals, LMG and TMB, were equally effective in differentiating meat from dead and slaughtered animals. J. Bio-Sci. 32(1): 31-39, 2024
{"title":"Differentiation Of Meat From Dead And Slaughtered Animals Based On Hemoglobin Content","authors":"Ali M Quawsar, Farjana Afrin, Mst IA Begum, Md G Haider, Shah MA Rauf, H. Golbar","doi":"10.3329/jbs.v32i1.74986","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/jbs.v32i1.74986","url":null,"abstract":"Meat from dead animal is not good for human consumption. Slaughtering of animal results in 75-85% bleeding efficiency whereas dead animals do not bleed at all. Considering these views, this work aimed to develop a protocol for the differentiation of meat from dead and slaughtered animals based on hemoglobin content. Meat samples collected from dead and slaughtered layer, broiler and Sonali chickens and cattle were analyzed with two reagents viz. leucomalachite green (LMG) and tetramethyl benzidine (TMB). In brief, the muscle tissue was chopped, in triplicate, and placed in distilled water to liberate hemoglobin, which was allowed to react with hydrogen peroxide followed by reaction with LMG and TMB reagents for color production. The color output was graded by visual inspection as well as by measuring optical density on a spectrophotometer. The optical density ratios of meat from dead to slaughtered animals were 1.41±0.13, 1.89±0.43, 2.31±0.41, 2.01±34 with LMG and 4.76±1.13, 2.31±0.60, 6.55±0.25, 2.31±1.02 with TMB for white layer, brown layer, broiler and Sonali chickens, respectively. Meat from dead cattle produced blue color whereas that of slaughtered cattle produced green to light blue color. The intensity of color output was proportionate to the amount of hemoglobin content. The two chemicals, LMG and TMB, were equally effective in differentiating meat from dead and slaughtered animals.\u0000J. Bio-Sci. 32(1): 31-39, 2024","PeriodicalId":90580,"journal":{"name":"Journal of bio-science","volume":"64 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141798933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
An efficient and reproducible in vitro regeneration process is required for the production of abiotic stress tolerance in rice through biotechnological approaches. In this study, optimization of culture media, callus induction and plant regeneration of five Aman rice varieties viz. BRRI dhan34, BRRI dhan51, BRRI dhan71, BRRI dhan79 and BRRI dhan95 were considered and mature seeds of those genotypes were collected from BRRI Reginald Station, Rajshahi. To investigate the effects of different concentration of 2,4-D and other PGRs on callus induction and regeneration some experiments were conducted and evaluated. Here, two basal media viz. MS and N6 were considered for this experiments out of four media (MS, B5, N6 and SK-3). It was observed that all five rice varieties showed higher callus induction on MS medium supplemented with 3.0 mg/l 2,4-D than other concentrations. On the basis of callus induction, data were recorded and BRRI dhan34, BRRI dhan51, BRRI dhan71, BRRI dhan79 and BRRI dhan95 gave 63.4%, 50.4%, 40.4%, 58% and 53% embryogenic calli respectively. In combination with BAP (2.0 mg/l), Kin (2.0 mg/l) and NAA (0.5 mg/l) supplemented with MS medium data showed better performance on regeneration. They can be used as a baseline for demand-driven in vitro rice propagation, providing useful information that can be combined with other agronomic features in rice development to improve the abiotic stress-tolerant cultivars through biotechnological methods in future. J. Bio-Sci. 32(1): 83-94, 2024
{"title":"Influence Of Plant Growth Regulators On Efficient Callus Induction And Regeneration Using Five Rice Genotypes In Bangladesh","authors":"Toyfiquz Zaman, S M Shahinul Islam","doi":"10.3329/jbs.v32i1.74990","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/jbs.v32i1.74990","url":null,"abstract":"An efficient and reproducible in vitro regeneration process is required for the production of abiotic stress tolerance in rice through biotechnological approaches. In this study, optimization of culture media, callus induction and plant regeneration of five Aman rice varieties viz. BRRI dhan34, BRRI dhan51, BRRI dhan71, BRRI dhan79 and BRRI dhan95 were considered and mature seeds of those genotypes were collected from BRRI Reginald Station, Rajshahi. To investigate the effects of different concentration of 2,4-D and other PGRs on callus induction and regeneration some experiments were conducted and evaluated. Here, two basal media viz. MS and N6 were considered for this experiments out of four media (MS, B5, N6 and SK-3). It was observed that all five rice varieties showed higher callus induction on MS medium supplemented with 3.0 mg/l 2,4-D than other concentrations. On the basis of callus induction, data were recorded and BRRI dhan34, BRRI dhan51, BRRI dhan71, BRRI dhan79 and BRRI dhan95 gave 63.4%, 50.4%, 40.4%, 58% and 53% embryogenic calli respectively. In combination with BAP (2.0 mg/l), Kin (2.0 mg/l) and NAA (0.5 mg/l) supplemented with MS medium data showed better performance on regeneration. They can be used as a baseline for demand-driven in vitro rice propagation, providing useful information that can be combined with other agronomic features in rice development to improve the abiotic stress-tolerant cultivars through biotechnological methods in future.\u0000J. Bio-Sci. 32(1): 83-94, 2024","PeriodicalId":90580,"journal":{"name":"Journal of bio-science","volume":"83 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141798313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Latifa Howlader, Abul Hossain, Gias Uddin, T. Yeasmin
The life-threatening or potentially-disabling nature of congenital anomalies, which are defined as abnormalities of anatomy, function, or metabolism apparent at birth, makes them a serious public health problem. To evaluate the oral health status and measure the prevalence of nutritional deficiency of cleft lip and palate children. All patients with cleft lip and/or palate treated at Thengamara Mohila Sabuj Sangha (TMSS) Medical College, Bogura, and Islami Bank Medical College, Rajshahi, Bangladesh, participated in this cross-sectional study. A purposive sample of sixty individuals from the general population was used in the investigation. It was revealed that majority (35.0%) of the respondents were in the age group of six months to one year with unilateral cleft lip and palate (63.3%). The majority of the babies (33.3%), 60.0%, were born weighing less than 2.5 kg, and 63.3% were born weighing 4-10 kg. About 80.0% were from urban area 41.67% lived in tin shade house, 65.0% used wood stoves for cooking their food, 35.0% had electric device like TV and refrigerator. It was found that, 55.0% had feeding problems associated with their cleft lip and palate. Regarding monthly family income, it was found that, 33.3% had <10,000 taka as monthly family income. On the subject of fathers’ occupation, 36.6% were farmers, 58.3% of the mothers were housewife. Concerning education of father, 38.33% did not have any education, 53.3% of the mothers did not have any education. About 63.33% of the respondents’ fathers were in the age group of 20-35 years, 70.0% of the mothers were in the age group of 20-35 years. This study would help to assess the cleft lip and palate among the children and make their parents aware. J. Bio-Sci. 31(2): 35-43, 2023
{"title":"Epidemiological Factors of Cleft Lip and Palate Children: A Cross-Sectional Study in Northern Region of Bangladesh","authors":"Latifa Howlader, Abul Hossain, Gias Uddin, T. Yeasmin","doi":"10.3329/jbs.v31i2.74145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/jbs.v31i2.74145","url":null,"abstract":"The life-threatening or potentially-disabling nature of congenital anomalies, which are defined as abnormalities of anatomy, function, or metabolism apparent at birth, makes them a serious public health problem. To evaluate the oral health status and measure the prevalence of nutritional deficiency of cleft lip and palate children. All patients with cleft lip and/or palate treated at Thengamara Mohila Sabuj Sangha (TMSS) Medical College, Bogura, and Islami Bank Medical College, Rajshahi, Bangladesh, participated in this cross-sectional study. A purposive sample of sixty individuals from the general population was used in the investigation. It was revealed that majority (35.0%) of the respondents were in the age group of six months to one year with unilateral cleft lip and palate (63.3%). The majority of the babies (33.3%), 60.0%, were born weighing less than 2.5 kg, and 63.3% were born weighing 4-10 kg. About 80.0% were from urban area 41.67% lived in tin shade house, 65.0% used wood stoves for cooking their food, 35.0% had electric device like TV and refrigerator. It was found that, 55.0% had feeding problems associated with their cleft lip and palate. Regarding monthly family income, it was found that, 33.3% had <10,000 taka as monthly family income. On the subject of fathers’ occupation, 36.6% were farmers, 58.3% of the mothers were housewife. Concerning education of father, 38.33% did not have any education, 53.3% of the mothers did not have any education. About 63.33% of the respondents’ fathers were in the age group of 20-35 years, 70.0% of the mothers were in the age group of 20-35 years. This study would help to assess the cleft lip and palate among the children and make their parents aware.\u0000J. Bio-Sci. 31(2): 35-43, 2023","PeriodicalId":90580,"journal":{"name":"Journal of bio-science","volume":" 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141677345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Md Abdus Salam, Parvej Hasan Jon, Iftekhar Ahmad, Mahbub Alam, Mohammed Taj Uddin, Hafijur Rahman, Md Ismail Haque, Md Zahidul Islam, Mitu Samadder
Tea is considered a valuable non-alcoholic beverage worldwide and is gaining popularity as a healthy drink due to its multifarious medicinal properties. The tea industry is a pivotal economic driver of Bangladesh with rising production and consumption. Several statistical models were used to anticipate the best-fitted model and pattern of production and consumption until 2025. Data collected from numerous authentic sources and analyzed. Rational Quadratic Gaussian Process Regression (GPR) and Quadratic Support Vector Machines (SVM) models were chosen for tea production and consumption respectively based on RMSE and R-Square value. In 2022, this study predicts tea production to be 93.83 millon kg and consumption to be 98.48 million kg while intersecting each other. Our study suggests an existing gap in the production and consumption trend and this issue needs to be addressed imperatively.Tea is considered a valuable non-alcoholic beverage worldwide and is gaining popularity as a healthy drink due to its multifarious medicinal properties. The tea industry is a pivotal economic driver of Bangladesh with rising production and consumption. Several statistical models were used to anticipate the best-fitted model and pattern of production and consumption until 2025. Data collected from numerous authentic sources and analyzed. Rational Quadratic Gaussian Process Regression (GPR) and Quadratic Support Vector Machines (SVM) models were chosen for tea production and consumption respectively based on RMSE and R-Square value. In 2022, this study predicts tea production to be 93.83 millon kg and consumption to be 98.48 million kg while intersecting each other. Our study suggests an existing gap in the production and consumption trend and this issue needs to be addressed imperatively. J. Bio-Sci. 31(2): 25-34, 2023
{"title":"Evaluation of the Current Situation of Tea Production and Consumption in Bangladesh Through Different Statistical Models","authors":"Md Abdus Salam, Parvej Hasan Jon, Iftekhar Ahmad, Mahbub Alam, Mohammed Taj Uddin, Hafijur Rahman, Md Ismail Haque, Md Zahidul Islam, Mitu Samadder","doi":"10.3329/jbs.v31i2.74143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/jbs.v31i2.74143","url":null,"abstract":"Tea is considered a valuable non-alcoholic beverage worldwide and is gaining popularity as a healthy drink due to its multifarious medicinal properties. The tea industry is a pivotal economic driver of Bangladesh with rising production and consumption. Several statistical models were used to anticipate the best-fitted model and pattern of production and consumption until 2025. Data collected from numerous authentic sources and analyzed. Rational Quadratic Gaussian Process Regression (GPR) and Quadratic Support Vector Machines (SVM) models were chosen for tea production and consumption respectively based on RMSE and R-Square value. In 2022, this study predicts tea production to be 93.83 millon kg and consumption to be 98.48 million kg while intersecting each other. Our study suggests an existing gap in the production and consumption trend and this issue needs to be addressed imperatively.Tea is considered a valuable non-alcoholic beverage worldwide and is gaining popularity as a healthy drink due to its multifarious medicinal properties. The tea industry is a pivotal economic driver of Bangladesh with rising production and consumption. Several statistical models were used to anticipate the best-fitted model and pattern of production and consumption until 2025. Data collected from numerous authentic sources and analyzed. Rational Quadratic Gaussian Process Regression (GPR) and Quadratic Support Vector Machines (SVM) models were chosen for tea production and consumption respectively based on RMSE and R-Square value. In 2022, this study predicts tea production to be 93.83 millon kg and consumption to be 98.48 million kg while intersecting each other. Our study suggests an existing gap in the production and consumption trend and this issue needs to be addressed imperatively.\u0000J. Bio-Sci. 31(2): 25-34, 2023","PeriodicalId":90580,"journal":{"name":"Journal of bio-science","volume":" 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141677812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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