Pub Date : 2020-07-15DOI: 10.33263/proceedings21.037037
Effects of the inorganic chemicals Calcium Fluoride (CaF2) and Hexaflurosilicilic acid (H2SiF2) have been studied due to its excessive usage in drinking water plants, glass manufacturing etc. Toxicity studies on Zebrafish embryos have been carried out for CaF2 and H2SiF2 during the embryonic developmental stages to observe the changes taken place during the growth, development. These changes can be observed in cell differentiation, larval movements, delay in hatching, and by the changes in behavior. Due to the ease with the transparency of zebrafish embryos, it can be observed and manipulated. In the field of early developmental studies, these zebrafish embryos have been vital because they have faster development by which the whole organs get developed in 3 days. Thus it plays a significant role in the discovery and analysis of changes in the developmental aspects of their teratology study. Toxicity study in Adults Zebrafish can be studied through the histology analysis where the cell damage and cell death due to fluorides and acid ions which may also lead to morphological changes due to this environmental pollutant. This toxicity study can be studied based on behavioral effects, LC50 determination, and immunohistochemistry of the brain to observe the developmental neurotoxicity. This study describes the effect of the inorganic chemicals is leading to developmental toxicity, cell deformities, and cell death with the high mortality rate in the In vivo Zebrafish model.
{"title":"Evaluation of Noxious Effect of Environmental Contaminants Using Zebrafish Model","authors":"","doi":"10.33263/proceedings21.037037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33263/proceedings21.037037","url":null,"abstract":"Effects of the inorganic chemicals Calcium Fluoride (CaF2) and Hexaflurosilicilic acid (H2SiF2) have been studied due to its excessive usage in drinking water plants, glass manufacturing etc. Toxicity studies on Zebrafish embryos have been carried out for CaF2 and H2SiF2 during the embryonic developmental stages to observe the changes taken place during the growth, development. These changes can be observed in cell differentiation, larval movements, delay in hatching, and by the changes in behavior. Due to the ease with the transparency of zebrafish embryos, it can be observed and manipulated. In the field of early developmental studies, these zebrafish embryos have been vital because they have faster development by which the whole organs get developed in 3 days. Thus it plays a significant role in the discovery and analysis of changes in the developmental aspects of their teratology study. Toxicity study in Adults Zebrafish can be studied through the histology analysis where the cell damage and cell death due to fluorides and acid ions which may also lead to morphological changes due to this environmental pollutant. This toxicity study can be studied based on behavioral effects, LC50 determination, and immunohistochemistry of the brain to observe the developmental neurotoxicity. This study describes the effect of the inorganic chemicals is leading to developmental toxicity, cell deformities, and cell death with the high mortality rate in the In vivo Zebrafish model.","PeriodicalId":90703,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. International Meshing Roundtable","volume":"83 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74855874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-15DOI: 10.33263/proceedings21.040040
The presence of heavy metals is unpreventable in the current era leading to anthropogenic pollution and production of toxicants such as hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] to the environment. It is a common, known carcinogen to humans through inhalation as well as ingestion. With proper treatment of the effluents from industrial activity, the concentration of Cr(VI) would be minified and eliminated. Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) were once employed to evaluate its absorption efficiency against Cr(VI). The research now centered the concern on Cr(VI) elimination with SPIONS with carbon and used in batch adsorption study with optimized pH, adsorbent, and adsorbent-adsorbate concentrations. The adsorption then evaluated the result by Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin isotherms.
{"title":"Use of SPIONs for Removal of Heavy Metal and its Isotherm Studies","authors":"","doi":"10.33263/proceedings21.040040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33263/proceedings21.040040","url":null,"abstract":"The presence of heavy metals is unpreventable in the current era leading to anthropogenic pollution and production of toxicants such as hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] to the environment. It is a common, known carcinogen to humans through inhalation as well as ingestion. With proper treatment of the effluents from industrial activity, the concentration of Cr(VI) would be minified and eliminated. Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) were once employed to evaluate its absorption efficiency against Cr(VI). The research now centered the concern on Cr(VI) elimination with SPIONS with carbon and used in batch adsorption study with optimized pH, adsorbent, and adsorbent-adsorbate concentrations. The adsorption then evaluated the result by Langmuir, Freundlich, and Temkin isotherms.","PeriodicalId":90703,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. International Meshing Roundtable","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78273160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-15DOI: 10.33263/proceedings21.082082
Functional foods are whole, fortified, enriched, or enhanced foods that provide health benefits to humans regularly. Numerous plant foods or physiologically active ingredients derived from plants have been investigated for their role in disease prevention and health. Natural lactic acid fermentation of Idli batter by lactic acid bacteria and yeast makes Indian breakfast as a potential source of probiotic microorganisms. Briefly, the organism was isolated; the predominant isolate was considered on the basis of colony morphology, staining techniques, and biochemical tests. Growth conditions of the organism, such as pH, salt tolerance, bile salt tolerance, heat sensitivity, were studied. Bacopa monnieri (Brahmi juice) was extracted and fermented with predominant isolate as a starter culture. Organoleptic, antioxidant, and antibacterial properties of the fermented product were evaluated. On staining, the predominant isolate was identified as Gram-positive non-spore-forming, non-motile rod shape bacteria. The phenotypic characteristics were further resolved on the basis of growth patterns in pH, salt, bile salt, and heat sensitivity. In conclusion, the study of biological efficacies of fermented extracts of Bacopa monnieri reveals the potent activities in the field of science.
{"title":"Isolation of Lactic Acid Bacteria from Idli Batter and Screening of Characters as Potential Starter Cultures for Development of Functional Food Using Bacopa monnieri","authors":"","doi":"10.33263/proceedings21.082082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33263/proceedings21.082082","url":null,"abstract":"Functional foods are whole, fortified, enriched, or enhanced foods that provide health benefits to humans regularly. Numerous plant foods or physiologically active ingredients derived from plants have been investigated for their role in disease prevention and health. Natural lactic acid fermentation of Idli batter by lactic acid bacteria and yeast makes Indian breakfast as a potential source of probiotic microorganisms. Briefly, the organism was isolated; the predominant isolate was considered on the basis of colony morphology, staining techniques, and biochemical tests. Growth conditions of the organism, such as pH, salt tolerance, bile salt tolerance, heat sensitivity, were studied. Bacopa monnieri (Brahmi juice) was extracted and fermented with predominant isolate as a starter culture. Organoleptic, antioxidant, and antibacterial properties of the fermented product were evaluated. On staining, the predominant isolate was identified as Gram-positive non-spore-forming, non-motile rod shape bacteria. The phenotypic characteristics were further resolved on the basis of growth patterns in pH, salt, bile salt, and heat sensitivity. In conclusion, the study of biological efficacies of fermented extracts of Bacopa monnieri reveals the potent activities in the field of science.","PeriodicalId":90703,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. International Meshing Roundtable","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80105249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-15DOI: 10.33263/proceedings21.055055
Mucilage [Latin-mucus] is a thick, gelatinous substance produced by nearly all plants and certain microorganisms. It’s a polar glycoprotein and an exopolysaccharide, they're generally normal products of metabolism, formed within the cell. They seem to point high quantities in certain plants, animals, seaweeds, fungi, and other microbial sources, where they perform structural and metabolic functions; plant sources, however, provide the most important amounts. The mucilaginous plants contain highly qualified mucilages that have a specific role in pharmacological and industrial applications. In the mercantile world, the usage of pharmaceutical drugs is enhanced in unique ways to fight as resistance against foreign bodies. This paper reviews various mucilaginous plants and their medicinal applications.
{"title":"Medicinal Value of Plant Mucilages","authors":"","doi":"10.33263/proceedings21.055055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33263/proceedings21.055055","url":null,"abstract":"Mucilage [Latin-mucus] is a thick, gelatinous substance produced by nearly all plants and certain microorganisms. It’s a polar glycoprotein and an exopolysaccharide, they're generally normal products of metabolism, formed within the cell. They seem to point high quantities in certain plants, animals, seaweeds, fungi, and other microbial sources, where they perform structural and metabolic functions; plant sources, however, provide the most important amounts. The mucilaginous plants contain highly qualified mucilages that have a specific role in pharmacological and industrial applications. In the mercantile world, the usage of pharmaceutical drugs is enhanced in unique ways to fight as resistance against foreign bodies. This paper reviews various mucilaginous plants and their medicinal applications.","PeriodicalId":90703,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. International Meshing Roundtable","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86516854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-15DOI: 10.33263/proceedings21.079079
Pleurotus florida of the genus Pleurotus, is a delicious edible mushroom with high therapeutic potential and is being cultivated extensively in many parts of the world, including India. Polysaccharides, especially β-glucans, are the most potent mushroom derived metabolites. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are gaining a lot of importance nowadays because of their wide industrial and biomedical applications. In the present investigation, silver nanoparticles were synthesized using β-glucan isolated from the fruiting bodies of P. florida and their antioxidant properties were studied. Polysaccharide (PS) isolation was carried out by hot water extraction, deproteinization, alcohol precipitation, centrifugation, and dialysis. Preliminary characterization of isolated polysaccharide was done by the Anthrone method, Lowry’s method, Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC), and FT-IR. The PS was treated with AgNO3 solution (0.001M) for the biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles, and nanoparticle formation was confirmed by UV spectroscopy. Antioxidant properties of the PS, as well as synthesized nanoparticles, were evaluated using Total antioxidant capacity assay, DPPH-Free radical scavenging assay, Total reducing power assay, and Hydroxyl radical scavenging assay. Preliminary characterization showed that the isolated PS is protein-bound β (1-3) Glucan. Both the PS and silver nanoparticles showed profound antioxidant activity in a dose-dependent manner. In all assays, silver nanoparticles showed more activity than the PS. The highest activity was shown in Hydroxyl radical scavenging assay in which PS and nanoparticles showed 81.8% and 89.4% activity, respectively, at the highest tested dose of 2000µg. The present study reveals the possibility of β-glucan -silver nanoparticles from P. florida as a suitable candidate for antioxidant drug development.
{"title":"Antioxidant Potential of Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized from Βeta (1-3) Glucan Isolated from the Edible Mushroom Pleurotus florida","authors":"","doi":"10.33263/proceedings21.079079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33263/proceedings21.079079","url":null,"abstract":"Pleurotus florida of the genus Pleurotus, is a delicious edible mushroom with high therapeutic potential and is being cultivated extensively in many parts of the world, including India. Polysaccharides, especially β-glucans, are the most potent mushroom derived metabolites. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are gaining a lot of importance nowadays because of their wide industrial and biomedical applications. In the present investigation, silver nanoparticles were synthesized using β-glucan isolated from the fruiting bodies of P. florida and their antioxidant properties were studied. Polysaccharide (PS) isolation was carried out by hot water extraction, deproteinization, alcohol precipitation, centrifugation, and dialysis. Preliminary characterization of isolated polysaccharide was done by the Anthrone method, Lowry’s method, Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC), and FT-IR. The PS was treated with AgNO3 solution (0.001M) for the biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles, and nanoparticle formation was confirmed by UV spectroscopy. Antioxidant properties of the PS, as well as synthesized nanoparticles, were evaluated using Total antioxidant capacity assay, DPPH-Free radical scavenging assay, Total reducing power assay, and Hydroxyl radical scavenging assay. Preliminary characterization showed that the isolated PS is protein-bound β (1-3) Glucan. Both the PS and silver nanoparticles showed profound antioxidant activity in a dose-dependent manner. In all assays, silver nanoparticles showed more activity than the PS. The highest activity was shown in Hydroxyl radical scavenging assay in which PS and nanoparticles showed 81.8% and 89.4% activity, respectively, at the highest tested dose of 2000µg. The present study reveals the possibility of β-glucan -silver nanoparticles from P. florida as a suitable candidate for antioxidant drug development.","PeriodicalId":90703,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. International Meshing Roundtable","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86607519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-15DOI: 10.33263/proceedings21.045045
The study focuses on the anti-diabetic activity by molecular simulation of Recombinant Insulin, Porcine Insulin, and Glycogen. The sequence of these three molecules was retrieved, and 3D structures were modeled. A total of two different molecular simulations were carried out. The simulations were done using Autodock software. Initially, the downloaded PDB structures were docked with glycogen and the second between the active site peptide models of both insulin molecules based on castP prediction with glycogen molecule. The results were analyzed by the Ramachandran plot for model prediction, and the binding energy was set as criteria to determine the best-docked model. The binding energy of recombinant insulin, porcine insulin with glycogen was 0.32 and -1.09, respectively. Similarly, the binding energy for peptide models with a glycogen molecule was found to be +1.09 and +6.76, respectively. Based on the results, it was concluded that recombinant insulin has a higher affinity than porcine insulin.
{"title":"In-silico Analysis of Porcine and Recombinant Insulin Activity on Glycogen","authors":"","doi":"10.33263/proceedings21.045045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33263/proceedings21.045045","url":null,"abstract":"The study focuses on the anti-diabetic activity by molecular simulation of Recombinant Insulin, Porcine Insulin, and Glycogen. The sequence of these three molecules was retrieved, and 3D structures were modeled. A total of two different molecular simulations were carried out. The simulations were done using Autodock software. Initially, the downloaded PDB structures were docked with glycogen and the second between the active site peptide models of both insulin molecules based on castP prediction with glycogen molecule. The results were analyzed by the Ramachandran plot for model prediction, and the binding energy was set as criteria to determine the best-docked model. The binding energy of recombinant insulin, porcine insulin with glycogen was 0.32 and -1.09, respectively. Similarly, the binding energy for peptide models with a glycogen molecule was found to be +1.09 and +6.76, respectively. Based on the results, it was concluded that recombinant insulin has a higher affinity than porcine insulin.","PeriodicalId":90703,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. International Meshing Roundtable","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88511289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-15DOI: 10.33263/proceedings21.009009
One of the most significant applications of nanomedicine is employing nanoparticles for targeted drug delivery. Using latex-based nanocarrier as a drug delivery system serves as better alternatives since it is eco-friendly and rendered non-toxic. The main aim of this study is to extract latex components, synthesize nanocarriers, and encapsulate with a specific drug for its usage in targeted drug delivery. The latex was collected from a latex secreting tree and extracted using polar and non-polar solvents. The synthesis of nanocarriers was done through a microemulsion technique with the use of surfactants. The extracts and nanocarriers were characterized using UV-Vis, FTIR and GC-MS and SEM analysis. The nanocarriers were then encapsulated with a drug, and the drug release profiles are examined. Antibacterial activity of the latex extracts and loaded nanocarriers was measured by agar well diffusion technique, and antioxidant activity was determined by DPPH and TLC analysis. The latex extracts had antioxidant properties, and the drug-loaded nanocarriers had antibacterial activity.
{"title":"Use of Plant Latex for Nanocarrier Synthesis and Utilizing it in Drug Delivery","authors":"","doi":"10.33263/proceedings21.009009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33263/proceedings21.009009","url":null,"abstract":"One of the most significant applications of nanomedicine is employing nanoparticles for targeted drug delivery. Using latex-based nanocarrier as a drug delivery system serves as better alternatives since it is eco-friendly and rendered non-toxic. The main aim of this study is to extract latex components, synthesize nanocarriers, and encapsulate with a specific drug for its usage in targeted drug delivery. The latex was collected from a latex secreting tree and extracted using polar and non-polar solvents. The synthesis of nanocarriers was done through a microemulsion technique with the use of surfactants. The extracts and nanocarriers were characterized using UV-Vis, FTIR and GC-MS and SEM analysis. The nanocarriers were then encapsulated with a drug, and the drug release profiles are examined. Antibacterial activity of the latex extracts and loaded nanocarriers was measured by agar well diffusion technique, and antioxidant activity was determined by DPPH and TLC analysis. The latex extracts had antioxidant properties, and the drug-loaded nanocarriers had antibacterial activity.","PeriodicalId":90703,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. International Meshing Roundtable","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78491159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-15DOI: 10.33263/proceedings21.010010
Leptoguium rivurale is a flooded jelly skin lichen, the surface of which becomes jelly when wet. It is a cyanolichen in which the photosynthetic partner is a cyanobacterium in the genus name Nostac. The present study was performed to investigate the bioactive constituents of Leptoguium rivurale. Samples were collected from forest regions of Kodaikanal. The collected Lichens were washed and dried and then extracted by using methanol and distilled water. Qualitative analysis of phytochemicals from the extracts showed the presence of carbohydrates, glycosides, phenols, terpenoids, saponins, and proteins. The amount of carbohydrates, phenols, and proteins was found to 350u/g and 380u/g, 200u/g, and 240u/g and 490u/g and 320u/g in aqueous and methanol extracts. The α-amylase enzyme inhibition assay ranged from 47.2% to 58.4% for methanol extract and from 35.12% to 51.1% for aqueous extract. The DPPH radical scavenging activity ranged from 27.6% to 49.8% for methanol extract and from 21.3% to 42.2% for aqueous extract. The anti-inflammatory activity ranged from 40.5% to 86.2% for methanol extract and from 49.4% to 79.2% for aqueous extract. Then the extract was given for GC-MS analysis. The molecules that were obtained in this analysis were used as ligands and in-silico molecular docking simulation was made using AutoDock software through which it was found that out of the docked ligands cyclohexanol and oxirane were the potential drug candidates.
{"title":"Evaluation and Elucidation of Bioactive Compounds from Leptogium rivurale Through in-vitro and in-silico Studies","authors":"","doi":"10.33263/proceedings21.010010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33263/proceedings21.010010","url":null,"abstract":"Leptoguium rivurale is a flooded jelly skin lichen, the surface of which becomes jelly when wet. It is a cyanolichen in which the photosynthetic partner is a cyanobacterium in the genus name Nostac. The present study was performed to investigate the bioactive constituents of Leptoguium rivurale. Samples were collected from forest regions of Kodaikanal. The collected Lichens were washed and dried and then extracted by using methanol and distilled water. Qualitative analysis of phytochemicals from the extracts showed the presence of carbohydrates, glycosides, phenols, terpenoids, saponins, and proteins. The amount of carbohydrates, phenols, and proteins was found to 350u/g and 380u/g, 200u/g, and 240u/g and 490u/g and 320u/g in aqueous and methanol extracts. The α-amylase enzyme inhibition assay ranged from 47.2% to 58.4% for methanol extract and from 35.12% to 51.1% for aqueous extract. The DPPH radical scavenging activity ranged from 27.6% to 49.8% for methanol extract and from 21.3% to 42.2% for aqueous extract. The anti-inflammatory activity ranged from 40.5% to 86.2% for methanol extract and from 49.4% to 79.2% for aqueous extract. Then the extract was given for GC-MS analysis. The molecules that were obtained in this analysis were used as ligands and in-silico molecular docking simulation was made using AutoDock software through which it was found that out of the docked ligands cyclohexanol and oxirane were the potential drug candidates.","PeriodicalId":90703,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. International Meshing Roundtable","volume":"86 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83981278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-15DOI: 10.33263/proceedings21.066066
Lipid fractions of gonads present in sea urchins serves as a source of bioactive agents with potent pharmaceutical properties. The present study reports the in-vitro biological effects of lipids isolated from gonads of sea urchin: Stomopneustes variolaris collected from the East coast of India. The extracted lipids were characterized by spectroscopic techniques such as GCMS and FTIR and tested for in-vitro biological effects. GCMS analysis of the lipid extract detected high levels of hexa triacontane (17.023 %), tetratetracontane (15.913%), and octacosane (15.628%) and low concentrations of oleic acid (2.206%) and sulfurous acid, pentadecy 2-propyl ester (1.744%). FTIR analysis identified rich composition of functional groups present in the lipids such as 3418.93 cm-1 (hydroxyl), 2921.08cm-1 and 2854.81 cm-1 (alkane), 2660.69 cm-1 (carboxylic acid), 1596.11 cm-1 (amine), 1291.76 cm-1 (aromatic amine). The lipid fraction evaluated by agar diffusion assay measured in terms of zone of inhibition showed bactericidal effects against gram-positive bacteria: Streptococcus aureus (30 mm); Pseudomonas aeruginosa (28.5 mm) and gram-negative bacteria: Escherichia coli (29.5 mm); Klebsiella pneumonia (27.5 mm) and Vibrio cholera (28 mm) respectively. The lipid fraction also showed an effective anti-fungal effect against C.albicans (25 mm). Further, the lipid fractions showed good radical scavenging effect against total phenolic, flavonoid content (15.12 mg GAE/g and 32.72 mg QE/g), and hydrogen peroxide radicals (IC50- 48.28mg/ml) confirming its anti-oxidant potential. Based on the observed results, it was identified that the lipid fraction of gonads of Stomopneustes variolaris demonstrated various biological effects such as bactericidal, anti-fungal and radical scavenging activities which could have a great scope in the formulation of biopharmaceutical agents.
{"title":"In-vitro Assessment of Biological Properties of Lipids Isolated from Gonads of Stomopneustes variolaris","authors":"","doi":"10.33263/proceedings21.066066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33263/proceedings21.066066","url":null,"abstract":"Lipid fractions of gonads present in sea urchins serves as a source of bioactive agents with potent pharmaceutical properties. The present study reports the in-vitro biological effects of lipids isolated from gonads of sea urchin: Stomopneustes variolaris collected from the East coast of India. The extracted lipids were characterized by spectroscopic techniques such as GCMS and FTIR and tested for in-vitro biological effects. GCMS analysis of the lipid extract detected high levels of hexa triacontane (17.023 %), tetratetracontane (15.913%), and octacosane (15.628%) and low concentrations of oleic acid (2.206%) and sulfurous acid, pentadecy 2-propyl ester (1.744%). FTIR analysis identified rich composition of functional groups present in the lipids such as 3418.93 cm-1 (hydroxyl), 2921.08cm-1 and 2854.81 cm-1 (alkane), 2660.69 cm-1 (carboxylic acid), 1596.11 cm-1 (amine), 1291.76 cm-1 (aromatic amine). The lipid fraction evaluated by agar diffusion assay measured in terms of zone of inhibition showed bactericidal effects against gram-positive bacteria: Streptococcus aureus (30 mm); Pseudomonas aeruginosa (28.5 mm) and gram-negative bacteria: Escherichia coli (29.5 mm); Klebsiella pneumonia (27.5 mm) and Vibrio cholera (28 mm) respectively. The lipid fraction also showed an effective anti-fungal effect against C.albicans (25 mm). Further, the lipid fractions showed good radical scavenging effect against total phenolic, flavonoid content (15.12 mg GAE/g and 32.72 mg QE/g), and hydrogen peroxide radicals (IC50- 48.28mg/ml) confirming its anti-oxidant potential. Based on the observed results, it was identified that the lipid fraction of gonads of Stomopneustes variolaris demonstrated various biological effects such as bactericidal, anti-fungal and radical scavenging activities which could have a great scope in the formulation of biopharmaceutical agents.","PeriodicalId":90703,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. International Meshing Roundtable","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88882469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-15DOI: 10.33263/proceedings21.086086
Sea urchin gonads are of high economic significance owing to its multi-nutritional properties. The present study investigated the proximate composition, spectroscopic quantification of mineral, and fatty acid contents using ICP-OES and GC-MS and antioxidant properties of gonads of Salmacis bicolor. Proximate analysis revealed presence of moisture (71.93 ± 0.23%); ash (1.89 ± 0.23%); protein (9.25 ± 0.33%); lipids (12.31 ± 0.225%) and carbohydrate (4.62 ± 0.67%) on dry weight basis. ICP-OES detected high concentrations of Na (265.10 ± 0.23 µg/L); Ca (172.90 ± 0.11 µg/L); good levels of Mg (88.42± 0.34 µg/L) and K (40.325 ± 0.12 µg/L). GC-MS revealed high concentration of fatty acids such as heptadecenoic acid methyl ester (C17:0 - 25.07 ± 0.1 mg/ml), cis -10-heptadecenoic acid methyl ester (C17:1 - 23.98 ± 0.18 mg/ml), pentadecanoic acid methyl ester (C15:0 - 19.1 ± 0.19 mg/ml) and palmitic acid methyl ester (C16:0 - 12.01 ± 0.21 mg/ml). The gonads were identified to be good source of amino acids: lysine (432.12 ± 0.16 mg/g), valine (256.21 ± 0.18 mg/g); isoleucine (235.31 ± 0.27 mg/g), leucine (312.12 ± 0.12 mg/g) and histidine (156.45 ± 0.23 mg/g). S. bicolor gonads were estimated to contain antioxidants: total phenol content (8.354 mg GAE/g) and flavonoid content (10 mg QE/g). DPPH assay identified good radical scavenging effects with IC50 calculated to be 61.53 mg/ml. Hence it is concluded that gonads of S. bicolor possess could be considered as a good source of nutrients such as amino and fatty acids and antioxidants for human consumption.
{"title":"Determination of Nutritional Aspects and Antioxidant Properties of Gonads of Red Sea Urchin- Salmacis bicolor","authors":"","doi":"10.33263/proceedings21.086086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33263/proceedings21.086086","url":null,"abstract":"Sea urchin gonads are of high economic significance owing to its multi-nutritional properties. The present study investigated the proximate composition, spectroscopic quantification of mineral, and fatty acid contents using ICP-OES and GC-MS and antioxidant properties of gonads of Salmacis bicolor. Proximate analysis revealed presence of moisture (71.93 ± 0.23%); ash (1.89 ± 0.23%); protein (9.25 ± 0.33%); lipids (12.31 ± 0.225%) and carbohydrate (4.62 ± 0.67%) on dry weight basis. ICP-OES detected high concentrations of Na (265.10 ± 0.23 µg/L); Ca (172.90 ± 0.11 µg/L); good levels of Mg (88.42± 0.34 µg/L) and K (40.325 ± 0.12 µg/L). GC-MS revealed high concentration of fatty acids such as heptadecenoic acid methyl ester (C17:0 - 25.07 ± 0.1 mg/ml), cis -10-heptadecenoic acid methyl ester (C17:1 - 23.98 ± 0.18 mg/ml), pentadecanoic acid methyl ester (C15:0 - 19.1 ± 0.19 mg/ml) and palmitic acid methyl ester (C16:0 - 12.01 ± 0.21 mg/ml). The gonads were identified to be good source of amino acids: lysine (432.12 ± 0.16 mg/g), valine (256.21 ± 0.18 mg/g); isoleucine (235.31 ± 0.27 mg/g), leucine (312.12 ± 0.12 mg/g) and histidine (156.45 ± 0.23 mg/g). S. bicolor gonads were estimated to contain antioxidants: total phenol content (8.354 mg GAE/g) and flavonoid content (10 mg QE/g). DPPH assay identified good radical scavenging effects with IC50 calculated to be 61.53 mg/ml. Hence it is concluded that gonads of S. bicolor possess could be considered as a good source of nutrients such as amino and fatty acids and antioxidants for human consumption.","PeriodicalId":90703,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. International Meshing Roundtable","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79527856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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