Pub Date : 2020-07-15DOI: 10.33263/proceedings21.039039
Sea urchins have recently been attracting considerable research interest as sources of a number of highly valuable bioactive compounds that possess antitumor, antiviral, antimicrobial and anticoagulant properties that hold great promise for use in pharmacological applications. The present study was carried out to determine the structural, developmental characterization of gangliosides isolated from the Temnopeuridae. The extraction of lipids carried out by the chloroform-methanol extraction methods. The structural identification of Temnopeuridae extracts determined by TLC, GC-MS, FT-IR, and NMR studies. The antimicrobial and antifungal activity of the Temnopeuridae extract against the various clinical pathogens were analyzed. Then the in-vitro studies were carried out in HELA cells. In the experimental results, a significant amount of lipids were extracted from the gonods of Temnopeurida. The presence of polyunsaturated fatty acids and enriched phospholipid profile were identified. The clinical pathogens such as Clostridium, Staphylococcus, Vibrio species, Candida, Aspergillus, and mucormycets showed a potential zone of inhibition during the disc diffusion method. The cytotoxicity assay showed an increase in cell viability against the cytotoxicity in HELA cells. Based on the consideration of the high level of polyunsaturated fatty acids and enriched phospholipids, Temnopeurida gonads offer novel therapeutic compounds for the mouth and breast cancer.
{"title":"Isolation and Structural Characteristic of Novel Gangliosides from Temnopeuridae Echnoid Gonads with Investigation on their Mouth and Breast Anticancer Properties","authors":"","doi":"10.33263/proceedings21.039039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33263/proceedings21.039039","url":null,"abstract":"Sea urchins have recently been attracting considerable research interest as sources of a number of highly valuable bioactive compounds that possess antitumor, antiviral, antimicrobial and anticoagulant properties that hold great promise for use in pharmacological applications. The present study was carried out to determine the structural, developmental characterization of gangliosides isolated from the Temnopeuridae. The extraction of lipids carried out by the chloroform-methanol extraction methods. The structural identification of Temnopeuridae extracts determined by TLC, GC-MS, FT-IR, and NMR studies. The antimicrobial and antifungal activity of the Temnopeuridae extract against the various clinical pathogens were analyzed. Then the in-vitro studies were carried out in HELA cells. In the experimental results, a significant amount of lipids were extracted from the gonods of Temnopeurida. The presence of polyunsaturated fatty acids and enriched phospholipid profile were identified. The clinical pathogens such as Clostridium, Staphylococcus, Vibrio species, Candida, Aspergillus, and mucormycets showed a potential zone of inhibition during the disc diffusion method. The cytotoxicity assay showed an increase in cell viability against the cytotoxicity in HELA cells. Based on the consideration of the high level of polyunsaturated fatty acids and enriched phospholipids, Temnopeurida gonads offer novel therapeutic compounds for the mouth and breast cancer.","PeriodicalId":90703,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. International Meshing Roundtable","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79580651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-15DOI: 10.33263/proceedings21.029029
Based on the global environmental pollution problems, the main focus of every nano-research is to produce the nanomaterial in a green and eco-friendly way without any interference of chemical synthesis. By the way, the present study was intended to use an aqueous extract of the living fossil plant viz., Ginkgo biloba L., to synthesize the gold nanoparticles and evaluate their antibiotic activity against bacterial pathogens. The gold nanoparticles (AuNps) were successfully synthesized by mixing the Ginkgo biloba aqueous extract and the auric chloride solution for approximately 24 hours. The UV-Vis spectra of Gold nanoparticles (AuNps) showed the maximum absorption peak at 520nm. The SEM analysis also showed the gold nanoparticles synthesized from Ginkgo biloba were spherical with particle size ranging from 40 to 60nm. During our study, the gold nanoparticles exhibited significant antimicrobial activity against bacterial pathogens, i.e., E. coli and Bacillus subtilis. The later bacterium was found to be more susceptible to the nanoparticles as well as the extracts of G. biloba in comparison to the former bacterium.
{"title":"Green Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles from Leaf Extracts of Ginkgo biloba L. and its Antibiotic Potential Against Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis","authors":"","doi":"10.33263/proceedings21.029029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33263/proceedings21.029029","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the global environmental pollution problems, the main focus of every nano-research is to produce the nanomaterial in a green and eco-friendly way without any interference of chemical synthesis. By the way, the present study was intended to use an aqueous extract of the living fossil plant viz., Ginkgo biloba L., to synthesize the gold nanoparticles and evaluate their antibiotic activity against bacterial pathogens. The gold nanoparticles (AuNps) were successfully synthesized by mixing the Ginkgo biloba aqueous extract and the auric chloride solution for approximately 24 hours. The UV-Vis spectra of Gold nanoparticles (AuNps) showed the maximum absorption peak at 520nm. The SEM analysis also showed the gold nanoparticles synthesized from Ginkgo biloba were spherical with particle size ranging from 40 to 60nm. During our study, the gold nanoparticles exhibited significant antimicrobial activity against bacterial pathogens, i.e., E. coli and Bacillus subtilis. The later bacterium was found to be more susceptible to the nanoparticles as well as the extracts of G. biloba in comparison to the former bacterium.","PeriodicalId":90703,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. International Meshing Roundtable","volume":"283 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76839801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-15DOI: 10.33263/proceedings21.091091
Consumer’s demand for functional food has considerably increased beyond just providing the basic nutrients due to its greater potential to reduce the risk of the diseases and enhance healthy gut microbiota. Non-diary probiotic product with numerous advantage and health benefits is certainly a field to be greatly explored. Here the work focuses on the development of pomegranate beverage with additional functional components, i.e., lactobacillus as probiotic culture immobilized with prebiotic alginate beads- synergetically forms a synbiotic product with greater nutritional significance. Different species of Lactobacillus, L.casei, L.plantarum, L.acidophiluswere studied. Fermentation was carried out. Based on the viability, pH, and other chemical analysis which were conducted to check the efficient use of the substrate, a strain was identified for further process development. Our future work comprises immobilization of the strain with alginate beads and introducing it with the beverage to enhance and acquire desirable product quality.
{"title":"Development of Synbiotic Pomegranate Beverage from Lactobacillus sp. Immobilized in Alginate Beads","authors":"","doi":"10.33263/proceedings21.091091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33263/proceedings21.091091","url":null,"abstract":"Consumer’s demand for functional food has considerably increased beyond just providing the basic nutrients due to its greater potential to reduce the risk of the diseases and enhance healthy gut microbiota. Non-diary probiotic product with numerous advantage and health benefits is certainly a field to be greatly explored. Here the work focuses on the development of pomegranate beverage with additional functional components, i.e., lactobacillus as probiotic culture immobilized with prebiotic alginate beads- synergetically forms a synbiotic product with greater nutritional significance. Different species of Lactobacillus, L.casei, L.plantarum, L.acidophiluswere studied. Fermentation was carried out. Based on the viability, pH, and other chemical analysis which were conducted to check the efficient use of the substrate, a strain was identified for further process development. Our future work comprises immobilization of the strain with alginate beads and introducing it with the beverage to enhance and acquire desirable product quality.","PeriodicalId":90703,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. International Meshing Roundtable","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81076745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-15DOI: 10.33263/proceedings21.059059
The determination of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in Klang river water in Klang valley is performed as the river exposed to various environments. The analysis is performed through enumeration, isolation, and identification process. The water samples were obtained from the origin of the river, housing region, and hospital region. The coliforms obtained through enumeration and identification was then used to determine antibiotic sensitivity, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC). The level of coliforms was indicated through the most probable number (MPN), which 70 MPN per 100 ml of river water in the origin of the river while housing and hospital regions showed more than 1600 MPN per 100 ml of river water. The results obtained from the antibiotic sensitivity test showed that the degree of resistance of coliforms is varied in different regions. The zone of inhibition to ampicillin and tetracyclin for coliforms in housing regions is 20 mm, while the coliforms in the hospital region are 6 mm and 7 mm, respectively. The overall results showed that the level of coliforms and the antibiotic sensitivity of coliforms are different in various regions. The coliforms in the hospital region are more resistant to antibiotics compared to the housing region.
{"title":"Analysis of River Water Along Klang Valley to Evaluate the Prevalence of Antibiotics Resistant Strains within Urbanized Areas of Selangor, Malaysia","authors":"","doi":"10.33263/proceedings21.059059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33263/proceedings21.059059","url":null,"abstract":"The determination of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in Klang river water in Klang valley is performed as the river exposed to various environments. The analysis is performed through enumeration, isolation, and identification process. The water samples were obtained from the origin of the river, housing region, and hospital region. The coliforms obtained through enumeration and identification was then used to determine antibiotic sensitivity, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC). The level of coliforms was indicated through the most probable number (MPN), which 70 MPN per 100 ml of river water in the origin of the river while housing and hospital regions showed more than 1600 MPN per 100 ml of river water. The results obtained from the antibiotic sensitivity test showed that the degree of resistance of coliforms is varied in different regions. The zone of inhibition to ampicillin and tetracyclin for coliforms in housing regions is 20 mm, while the coliforms in the hospital region are 6 mm and 7 mm, respectively. The overall results showed that the level of coliforms and the antibiotic sensitivity of coliforms are different in various regions. The coliforms in the hospital region are more resistant to antibiotics compared to the housing region.","PeriodicalId":90703,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. International Meshing Roundtable","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88950101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-15DOI: 10.33263/proceedings21.085085
This paper summarises different methods used for the Electrical power generation using microorganisms in Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC), where power generation is done in a microbial environment. Microorganisms are used as catalysts to degrade the supplied source effectively. This bioelectricity production is carried out in an enhanced way in a pollution-free environment. This paper addresses different aspects of electricity generation with the help of microorganisms. Various types of Microbial fuel cells have been described based on their constructional details. One of the different power generation methods is wastewater treatment. Also, hydrogen is generated in this environment, which can be used in fuel cells. Different factors and catalysts used to produce bioelectricity are identified and analyzed. Finally, the power produced in those methods had been compared, and the best method is cited.
{"title":"Enhanced and Effective Degradation of Waste Water Treatment for Hydrogen and Bioelectricity Production","authors":"","doi":"10.33263/proceedings21.085085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33263/proceedings21.085085","url":null,"abstract":"This paper summarises different methods used for the Electrical power generation using microorganisms in Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC), where power generation is done in a microbial environment. Microorganisms are used as catalysts to degrade the supplied source effectively. This bioelectricity production is carried out in an enhanced way in a pollution-free environment. This paper addresses different aspects of electricity generation with the help of microorganisms. Various types of Microbial fuel cells have been described based on their constructional details. One of the different power generation methods is wastewater treatment. Also, hydrogen is generated in this environment, which can be used in fuel cells. Different factors and catalysts used to produce bioelectricity are identified and analyzed. Finally, the power produced in those methods had been compared, and the best method is cited.","PeriodicalId":90703,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. International Meshing Roundtable","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89146839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-15DOI: 10.33263/proceedings21.003003
Precursor iron molecular solution for the synthesis of SPIONs was optimized for the production of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs). Thus produced SPIONs were subjected for core-shell – SPIONs synthesis for drug delivery, which had the following four major stages (1) synthesis of SPIONs, (2) functionalization of SPIONs, (3) curcumin loading, and (4) biopolymer coating (Chitosan). Every stage of the synthesis was analyzed using various microscopic (TEM, SEM, AFM) and spectroscopic (UV Vis, FTIR, Zeta Analyzer, Raman Spectroscopy, GIXRD, PXRD, XPS, SQUID, VSM) analysis. Through spectroscopic techniques, mainly the elemental nature and the energy states of elements present all through the core-shell production were studied. The core-shells were subjected to drug delivery studies against HCT 116 and HeLa cells. Core-shell SPIONs were showing IC50 at 30μg and 80μg concentration against HeLa and HCT 116 cell lines, respectively. IC50 concentration was subjected for further anticancer studies through nuclear staining, flow cytometry, and expression of caspase 3 at four-time duration: 2 hours, 6 hours, 12 hours, and 24 hours. The core-shell SPIONs were found to induce cancer apoptosis, which was analyzed using quadrant and histogram statistics obtained as per flow-cytometer. Caspase 3 expression was analyzed using a caspase expression assay. Further, they were evaluated by histogram statistics. SPIONs were utilized as a contrasting agent for X-ray imaging, where it was showing the egg visibility. The response of SPIONs to X-ray was studied with and without the applied magnetic field. Later, the SPIONs were subjected to toxicity study against earthworm.
{"title":"Synthesis of Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticle (SPIONs) for Drug Delivery and X-ray Imaging","authors":"","doi":"10.33263/proceedings21.003003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33263/proceedings21.003003","url":null,"abstract":"Precursor iron molecular solution for the synthesis of SPIONs was optimized for the production of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs). Thus produced SPIONs were subjected for core-shell – SPIONs synthesis for drug delivery, which had the following four major stages (1) synthesis of SPIONs, (2) functionalization of SPIONs, (3) curcumin loading, and (4) biopolymer coating (Chitosan). Every stage of the synthesis was analyzed using various microscopic (TEM, SEM, AFM) and spectroscopic (UV Vis, FTIR, Zeta Analyzer, Raman Spectroscopy, GIXRD, PXRD, XPS, SQUID, VSM) analysis. Through spectroscopic techniques, mainly the elemental nature and the energy states of elements present all through the core-shell production were studied. The core-shells were subjected to drug delivery studies against HCT 116 and HeLa cells. Core-shell SPIONs were showing IC50 at 30μg and 80μg concentration against HeLa and HCT 116 cell lines, respectively. IC50 concentration was subjected for further anticancer studies through nuclear staining, flow cytometry, and expression of caspase 3 at four-time duration: 2 hours, 6 hours, 12 hours, and 24 hours. The core-shell SPIONs were found to induce cancer apoptosis, which was analyzed using quadrant and histogram statistics obtained as per flow-cytometer. Caspase 3 expression was analyzed using a caspase expression assay. Further, they were evaluated by histogram statistics. SPIONs were utilized as a contrasting agent for X-ray imaging, where it was showing the egg visibility. The response of SPIONs to X-ray was studied with and without the applied magnetic field. Later, the SPIONs were subjected to toxicity study against earthworm.","PeriodicalId":90703,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. International Meshing Roundtable","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89355306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-15DOI: 10.33263/proceedings21.001002
General Info: International e-Conference on Bioengineering for Health and Environment (ICBHE 2020). Organized by (i) Department of Biotechnology, School of Bio & Chemical Engineering, Centre for International Relations, Sathyabama Institute of Science & Technology, India; (ii) School of Bioscience, Faculty of Medicine, Bioscience and Nursing, MAHSA University, Malaysia. * Correspondence: antonysamrot@gmail.com; raji.naomi10@gmail.com
{"title":"General Info: International e-Conference on Bioengineering for Health and Environment (ICBHE 2020)","authors":"","doi":"10.33263/proceedings21.001002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33263/proceedings21.001002","url":null,"abstract":"General Info: International e-Conference on Bioengineering for Health and Environment (ICBHE 2020). Organized by (i) Department of Biotechnology, School of Bio & Chemical Engineering, Centre for International Relations, Sathyabama Institute of Science & Technology, India; (ii) School of Bioscience, Faculty of Medicine, Bioscience and Nursing, MAHSA University, Malaysia.\u0000* Correspondence: antonysamrot@gmail.com; raji.naomi10@gmail.com","PeriodicalId":90703,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. International Meshing Roundtable","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87895902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-15DOI: 10.33263/proceedings21.073073
India, as a nation, is primarily dependent on agriculture not only as a means to feed its people but also the sector, which contributes almost 80% of the country’s GDP. That being said, pesticides and fertilizers are enormously used to curb the pest attack against crops and to boost plant growth. It can be said that the negligent use of these chemicals may have side effects on the plants. We wanted to check the level of such side effects caused by acephate and also to find out whether such side effects can be neutralized by an organic and plant safe compound such as kinetin. Thus, in our project, we focused on checking the effects caused by the application of acephate, when sprayed (foliar) on to fenugreek plants. We performed three tests to study the oxidative stress, from which we can conclude that acephate by and of itself caused more oxidative stress whereas when applied in combination with Kinetin (lower acephate concentration and a comparatively higher concentration of Kinetin) the oxidative stress was comparatively low. Further studies were made in an animal model and cell lines. In the animal model, there was no significant result as both acephate and kinetin were inhibiting AChE activity. In Blood, the hemolysis percentage was calculated, and from the results, we could conclude that the combination of kinetin and acephate showed reduced hemolysis. When checked in cell lines, in fibroblast cells, the application of acephate increased the percentage of dead cells, whereas in combination with kinetin even-though there were initially some dead cells, the live cells that were remaining proliferated which can be viewed as the effect of kinetin. Whereas the cancerous cells of the sarcoma also had similar results, but the proliferation of the live cancerous sarcoma was more robust compared to the fibroblast cell, which could be inferred as a negative effect as it promotes cancerous growth. Thus, we can conclude that kinetin could be used as an ameliorative compound against pesticides by doing a few more extensive studies on various plant species and against various pesticides.
{"title":"Protective Effects of Kinetin Against Pesticide Induced Toxicity","authors":"","doi":"10.33263/proceedings21.073073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33263/proceedings21.073073","url":null,"abstract":"India, as a nation, is primarily dependent on agriculture not only as a means to feed its people but also the sector, which contributes almost 80% of the country’s GDP. That being said, pesticides and fertilizers are enormously used to curb the pest attack against crops and to boost plant growth. It can be said that the negligent use of these chemicals may have side effects on the plants. We wanted to check the level of such side effects caused by acephate and also to find out whether such side effects can be neutralized by an organic and plant safe compound such as kinetin. Thus, in our project, we focused on checking the effects caused by the application of acephate, when sprayed (foliar) on to fenugreek plants. We performed three tests to study the oxidative stress, from which we can conclude that acephate by and of itself caused more oxidative stress whereas when applied in combination with Kinetin (lower acephate concentration and a comparatively higher concentration of Kinetin) the oxidative stress was comparatively low. Further studies were made in an animal model and cell lines. In the animal model, there was no significant result as both acephate and kinetin were inhibiting AChE activity. In Blood, the hemolysis percentage was calculated, and from the results, we could conclude that the combination of kinetin and acephate showed reduced hemolysis. When checked in cell lines, in fibroblast cells, the application of acephate increased the percentage of dead cells, whereas in combination with kinetin even-though there were initially some dead cells, the live cells that were remaining proliferated which can be viewed as the effect of kinetin. Whereas the cancerous cells of the sarcoma also had similar results, but the proliferation of the live cancerous sarcoma was more robust compared to the fibroblast cell, which could be inferred as a negative effect as it promotes cancerous growth. Thus, we can conclude that kinetin could be used as an ameliorative compound against pesticides by doing a few more extensive studies on various plant species and against various pesticides.","PeriodicalId":90703,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. International Meshing Roundtable","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77226370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-15DOI: 10.33263/proceedings21.035035
Among the various sleep-disordered breathing patterns infant’s experience, like periodic breathing, premature apnea, obstructive sleep apnea, has been considered a major cause of concern. Upper airway structure, mechanics of the pulmonary system, etc., are a few reasons why the infants are vulnerable to obstructive sleep-disordered. An imbalance in the viscoelastic properties of the pharynx, dilators, and pressure can lead to airway collapse. A low level of oxygen in blood or hypoxemia is considered a characteristic in infants with severe OSA. Invasive treatments like nasopharyngeal tubes, continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), or tracheostomy are found to be helpful in most cases where infants experience sleep apnea. This paper proposes an efficient system for monitoring obstructive sleep apnea in infants on a long-term basis, and if any anomaly is detected, the device provides Continuous Airway Pressure therapy until the abnormality is normalized.
{"title":"A Detection and Therapeutic Device to Overcome Sleep Apnea in Infants","authors":"","doi":"10.33263/proceedings21.035035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33263/proceedings21.035035","url":null,"abstract":"Among the various sleep-disordered breathing patterns infant’s experience, like periodic breathing, premature apnea, obstructive sleep apnea, has been considered a major cause of concern. Upper airway structure, mechanics of the pulmonary system, etc., are a few reasons why the infants are vulnerable to obstructive sleep-disordered. An imbalance in the viscoelastic properties of the pharynx, dilators, and pressure can lead to airway collapse. A low level of oxygen in blood or hypoxemia is considered a characteristic in infants with severe OSA. Invasive treatments like nasopharyngeal tubes, continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP), or tracheostomy are found to be helpful in most cases where infants experience sleep apnea. This paper proposes an efficient system for monitoring obstructive sleep apnea in infants on a long-term basis, and if any anomaly is detected, the device provides Continuous Airway Pressure therapy until the abnormality is normalized.","PeriodicalId":90703,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. International Meshing Roundtable","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88097340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-15DOI: 10.33263/proceedings21.005005
Soil samples were collected from the feather dumped area, and they were screened for the presence of keratinolytic bacteria Bacillus pumilus. Based on its growth on Bacillus isolation agar, Skim milk agar, and Starch agar, it was conformed as Bacillus pumilus. The growth of bacteria was estimated by biomass estimation. In the optimization study, the optimum incubation period observed for feather degradation was 48hrs, pH 7, and temperature 40°C. Purified Keratinase enzyme was used for the feather degradation study. The maximum degradation observed was 29% at the temperature of 400C. The size of kerinase produced was estimated as 52KDa.
{"title":"A study on optimization of biomass of Bacillus pumilus for feather degradation","authors":"","doi":"10.33263/proceedings21.005005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33263/proceedings21.005005","url":null,"abstract":"Soil samples were collected from the feather dumped area, and they were screened for the presence of keratinolytic bacteria Bacillus pumilus. Based on its growth on Bacillus isolation agar, Skim milk agar, and Starch agar, it was conformed as Bacillus pumilus. The growth of bacteria was estimated by biomass estimation. In the optimization study, the optimum incubation period observed for feather degradation was 48hrs, pH 7, and temperature 40°C. Purified Keratinase enzyme was used for the feather degradation study. The maximum degradation observed was 29% at the temperature of 400C. The size of kerinase produced was estimated as 52KDa.","PeriodicalId":90703,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. International Meshing Roundtable","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81630579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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