Enteroparasitosis is a public health problem, whose global epidemiological behavior has been demonstrated at the expense of protozoa. Giardia intestinalis being one of the most frequent pathogens. Giardiasis is more prevalent in children, the pathogenic action of the parasite can cause malabsorption syndrome, intolerance to sugars and vitamins and, as a consequence, anemia and nutritional alterations. A cross-sectional epidemiological investigation was carried out to estimate the prevalence of G. intestinalis, anemia, and nutritional status in 129 school children from Carton Tenguel, Ecuador. The variables were considered: weight, size, age-related body mass index; blood count parameters (Hb, Hto, VCM, MCH, MCHC). Coproparasitology was performed using the direct method (0.9% saline solution and Lugol's). The results showed prevalence of moderate anemia in 10.12% and 31.23% of schoolchildren at risk of malnutrition, the latter more frequent in males, with a statistically significant difference (p<0.05). A 72.87% prevalence of enteroparasites was determined, with G. intestinalis being the most prevalent species (24, 806%). No relationship was found between the presence of infection with G. intestinalis, in relation to anemia and nutritional alterations. It is concluded, despite the fact that no statistical association was shown, giardiasis together with socioeconomic risk factors suggests a synergism that favors anemia and nutritional alterations. It is recommended to carry out educational interventions aimed at prophylactic measures and epidemiological investigations that guide intervention strategies that must be supported by State policies.
{"title":"Giardia intestinalis: estado nutricional y hematimétrico en niños escolares del cantón Tenguel, Ecuador","authors":"Leonardo Abril Merizalde, Mariana Jesús Guallo Paca, Mercy Nathaly Alarcón Sánchez","doi":"10.52808/bmsa.8e7.631.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52808/bmsa.8e7.631.003","url":null,"abstract":"Enteroparasitosis is a public health problem, whose global epidemiological behavior has been demonstrated at the expense of protozoa. Giardia intestinalis being one of the most frequent pathogens. Giardiasis is more prevalent in children, the pathogenic action of the parasite can cause malabsorption syndrome, intolerance to sugars and vitamins and, as a consequence, anemia and nutritional alterations. A cross-sectional epidemiological investigation was carried out to estimate the prevalence of G. intestinalis, anemia, and nutritional status in 129 school children from Carton Tenguel, Ecuador. The variables were considered: weight, size, age-related body mass index; blood count parameters (Hb, Hto, VCM, MCH, MCHC). Coproparasitology was performed using the direct method (0.9% saline solution and Lugol's). The results showed prevalence of moderate anemia in 10.12% and 31.23% of schoolchildren at risk of malnutrition, the latter more frequent in males, with a statistically significant difference (p<0.05). A 72.87% prevalence of enteroparasites was determined, with G. intestinalis being the most prevalent species (24, 806%). No relationship was found between the presence of infection with G. intestinalis, in relation to anemia and nutritional alterations. It is concluded, despite the fact that no statistical association was shown, giardiasis together with socioeconomic risk factors suggests a synergism that favors anemia and nutritional alterations. It is recommended to carry out educational interventions aimed at prophylactic measures and epidemiological investigations that guide intervention strategies that must be supported by State policies.","PeriodicalId":9070,"journal":{"name":"Boletin De Malariologia Y Salud Ambiental","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47550511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-30DOI: 10.52808/bmsa.8e7.631.020
Claudia Daniela Mengoa Gómez
n Peru, accidents due to spiders of the genus Loxosceles are on the rise in urban and peri-urban areas, being a major public health problem due to the social repercussions they generate, not only due to the number of cases or deaths, but also due to amputations or permanent sequelae that they cause. As an objective, it was proposed to know the number of accidents by spiders of the genus Loxosceles that occurred in Peru during the period 2019-2021. The research was of a retrospective descriptive type during the period 2019-2021. As a data collection instrument, the secondary databases of the notification sheets of the Ministry of Health of Peru for cases of loxoscelism were used, with specifications according to the Epidemiological Bulletin 2019, 2020 and 2021 and the reports of the situational room-CDC. The data was stored in Microsof Excel and epidemiological indicators such as frequencies, incidence rate per 100,000 inhabitants and fatality rate were applied. The results were shown in tables and figures for better reading comprehension. As a result, a total of 3,639 cases of accidents involving spiders of the genus Loxosceles were found, distributed in 52.65% (1916/3639) for the year 2019, 26.30% (957/3639) for 2020 and 21.05%. (766/3639) 2021, the incidence rate per 100,000 inhabitants was 3.69 in 2019, 1.88 in 2020 and 1.37 in 2021, the fatality rate was 0.10% (2/1916) for the year 2019 and 0, 00% for 2020 and 2021, it was possible to show that San Martin, Lima and Arequipa were the areas with the most reported cases.
{"title":"Accidentes por arañas del género Loxosceles en Perú, 2019-2021","authors":"Claudia Daniela Mengoa Gómez","doi":"10.52808/bmsa.8e7.631.020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52808/bmsa.8e7.631.020","url":null,"abstract":"n Peru, accidents due to spiders of the genus Loxosceles are on the rise in urban and peri-urban areas, being a major public health problem due to the social repercussions they generate, not only due to the number of cases or deaths, but also due to amputations or permanent sequelae that they cause. As an objective, it was proposed to know the number of accidents by spiders of the genus Loxosceles that occurred in Peru during the period 2019-2021. The research was of a retrospective descriptive type during the period 2019-2021. As a data collection instrument, the secondary databases of the notification sheets of the Ministry of Health of Peru for cases of loxoscelism were used, with specifications according to the Epidemiological Bulletin 2019, 2020 and 2021 and the reports of the situational room-CDC. The data was stored in Microsof Excel and epidemiological indicators such as frequencies, incidence rate per 100,000 inhabitants and fatality rate were applied. The results were shown in tables and figures for better reading comprehension. As a result, a total of 3,639 cases of accidents involving spiders of the genus Loxosceles were found, distributed in 52.65% (1916/3639) for the year 2019, 26.30% (957/3639) for 2020 and 21.05%. (766/3639) 2021, the incidence rate per 100,000 inhabitants was 3.69 in 2019, 1.88 in 2020 and 1.37 in 2021, the fatality rate was 0.10% (2/1916) for the year 2019 and 0, 00% for 2020 and 2021, it was possible to show that San Martin, Lima and Arequipa were the areas with the most reported cases.","PeriodicalId":9070,"journal":{"name":"Boletin De Malariologia Y Salud Ambiental","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48591422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-30DOI: 10.52808/bmsa.8e7.631.012
Betsy Nordie Pardo Alarcon
Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) have been linked to poor socioeconomic conditions. In addition, its sequelae can cause chronic affectations, from physical disability to psycho-emotional, associated with social and individual stigma, due to physical appearance. Therefore, a descriptive study was carried out to assess the impact of the use of technologies in the mental health (SM) approach in 182 patients with EDT from endemic areas. Data was collected using mobile and landline phones. A survey was used to assess mental well-being (both subjective and objective), as well as their familiarity with and perspectives on ICTs. After establishing a baseline for the SM status of the community and linking the stigmas surrounding WBS. Patients were asked to complete a survey to express their feelings about the impact of stigma on MS in the community. The results showed that people living with EDT are more concerned about the limiting conditions of living and do not value the emotional and mental aspects as part of health and well-being, probably because they consider more relevant the organic alterations and physical sequelae they suffer from of their illness that limits and incapacitates them to work. However, the female sex turned out to be more vulnerable to presenting psychological alterations. In conclusion, the participants consider telemedicine a good tool that will help them face social stigma and reduce self-esteem; It will improve therapist-patient communication by providing them with adequate and timely treatment.
{"title":"La telemedicina como herramienta para abordaje la salud mental de personas con enfermedades tropicales desatendidas","authors":"Betsy Nordie Pardo Alarcon","doi":"10.52808/bmsa.8e7.631.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52808/bmsa.8e7.631.012","url":null,"abstract":"Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) have been linked to poor socioeconomic conditions. In addition, its sequelae can cause chronic affectations, from physical disability to psycho-emotional, associated with social and individual stigma, due to physical appearance. Therefore, a descriptive study was carried out to assess the impact of the use of technologies in the mental health (SM) approach in 182 patients with EDT from endemic areas. Data was collected using mobile and landline phones. A survey was used to assess mental well-being (both subjective and objective), as well as their familiarity with and perspectives on ICTs. After establishing a baseline for the SM status of the community and linking the stigmas surrounding WBS. Patients were asked to complete a survey to express their feelings about the impact of stigma on MS in the community. The results showed that people living with EDT are more concerned about the limiting conditions of living and do not value the emotional and mental aspects as part of health and well-being, probably because they consider more relevant the organic alterations and physical sequelae they suffer from of their illness that limits and incapacitates them to work. However, the female sex turned out to be more vulnerable to presenting psychological alterations. In conclusion, the participants consider telemedicine a good tool that will help them face social stigma and reduce self-esteem; It will improve therapist-patient communication by providing them with adequate and timely treatment.","PeriodicalId":9070,"journal":{"name":"Boletin De Malariologia Y Salud Ambiental","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43928426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Amoebiasis is a parasitic infection caused by the intestinal protozoan Entamoeba histolytica. Globally, an estimated 40 million people are infected annually, although these estimates are confounded by the inclusion of the morphologically identical but non-pathogenic species such as Entamoeba dispar. Infection with E. histolytica occurs when mature cysts are ingested, usually through fecally contaminated food or water, more frequently in the developing world. When the parasite reaches the small intestine, excystation occurs, releasing trophozoites that then penetrate the colonic mucosa. Clinical features of symptomatic amoebic infection may include blood and mucus in diarrheal stools, which are phenotypes of dysentery; in some cases, the parasite invades the liver and forms abscesses that can occur months or years after traveling to or residing in a geographic region where amoebiasis is endemic. Amebic liver abscesses are the most common site of extraintestinal infection, occurring in less than 1% of E. histolytica infections. In this sense, this work seeks to establish cases of colitis and amoebic liver abscess without determined epidemiological history in the IESS Ambato Hospital, Ambato, Ecuador in order to establish appropriate diagnostic methodology and establish the corresponding health protocols. The data obtained showed that male patients had a higher incidence (66.31% of the cases studied), and the most affected age group was between 40 and 49 years of age. The diagnosis could have been obtained at times less than 10 days, but in some cases, it reached more than 30 days.
{"title":"Colitis y absceso hepático amebiano sin antecedentes epidemiológicos","authors":"Lino Arturo Rojas Pérez, Blanca Herminia Cruz Basantes","doi":"10.52808/bmsa.8e7.631.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52808/bmsa.8e7.631.001","url":null,"abstract":"Amoebiasis is a parasitic infection caused by the intestinal protozoan Entamoeba histolytica. Globally, an estimated 40 million people are infected annually, although these estimates are confounded by the inclusion of the morphologically identical but non-pathogenic species such as Entamoeba dispar. Infection with E. histolytica occurs when mature cysts are ingested, usually through fecally contaminated food or water, more frequently in the developing world. When the parasite reaches the small intestine, excystation occurs, releasing trophozoites that then penetrate the colonic mucosa. Clinical features of symptomatic amoebic infection may include blood and mucus in diarrheal stools, which are phenotypes of dysentery; in some cases, the parasite invades the liver and forms abscesses that can occur months or years after traveling to or residing in a geographic region where amoebiasis is endemic. Amebic liver abscesses are the most common site of extraintestinal infection, occurring in less than 1% of E. histolytica infections. In this sense, this work seeks to establish cases of colitis and amoebic liver abscess without determined epidemiological history in the IESS Ambato Hospital, Ambato, Ecuador in order to establish appropriate diagnostic methodology and establish the corresponding health protocols. The data obtained showed that male patients had a higher incidence (66.31% of the cases studied), and the most affected age group was between 40 and 49 years of age. The diagnosis could have been obtained at times less than 10 days, but in some cases, it reached more than 30 days.","PeriodicalId":9070,"journal":{"name":"Boletin De Malariologia Y Salud Ambiental","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45915328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-30DOI: 10.52808/bmsa.8e7.631.010
Wilde Raúl Montejo Sánchez, Ronald Tinta Paricahua, Juan Carlos Williams Marcelo Caballero, José Manuel Armada Pacheco
HIV/AIDS remains one of the leading causes of death worldwide. According to a 2011 joint survey on HIV/AIDS, the report by WHO, UNAIDS and UNICEF, there are an estimated 34 million people living with HIV/AIDS worldwide. Different studies reported that viral load, age, sex, CD4 cell count, total lymphocyte count (TLC), body mass index (BMI), adherence to antiretroviral treatment (TAR), and baseline hemoglobin level were determinants of mortality. Although studies have identified these factors, they are just as variable with context and dynamic over time. Thus, it is necessary to generate data to provide evidence that indicates which factors are those that determine the mortality of HIV-positive people who attend TAR. In this work, we studied the effect generated by interruption of consultations for three months or more in a population of patients with HIV/AIDS virus with antiretroviral treatment under an actuarial system. The results show that the age groups that tend to leave the treatment are between 19 and 59 years old (more than 89%), the majority of them men with a university level of education (40%), employed (57%) as workers. or employees (40%), with access to health services (47%) and homosexually infected (72%). Most of these patients who discontinued treatment had a viral load greater than 50 copies and treatment failure (47%).
{"title":"Análisis actuarial de la pérdida del seguimiento de pacientes VIH/SIDA acorde a la capacidad contributiva","authors":"Wilde Raúl Montejo Sánchez, Ronald Tinta Paricahua, Juan Carlos Williams Marcelo Caballero, José Manuel Armada Pacheco","doi":"10.52808/bmsa.8e7.631.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52808/bmsa.8e7.631.010","url":null,"abstract":"HIV/AIDS remains one of the leading causes of death worldwide. According to a 2011 joint survey on HIV/AIDS, the report by WHO, UNAIDS and UNICEF, there are an estimated 34 million people living with HIV/AIDS worldwide. Different studies reported that viral load, age, sex, CD4 cell count, total lymphocyte count (TLC), body mass index (BMI), adherence to antiretroviral treatment (TAR), and baseline hemoglobin level were determinants of mortality. Although studies have identified these factors, they are just as variable with context and dynamic over time. Thus, it is necessary to generate data to provide evidence that indicates which factors are those that determine the mortality of HIV-positive people who attend TAR. In this work, we studied the effect generated by interruption of consultations for three months or more in a population of patients with HIV/AIDS virus with antiretroviral treatment under an actuarial system. The results show that the age groups that tend to leave the treatment are between 19 and 59 years old (more than 89%), the majority of them men with a university level of education (40%), employed (57%) as workers. or employees (40%), with access to health services (47%) and homosexually infected (72%). Most of these patients who discontinued treatment had a viral load greater than 50 copies and treatment failure (47%).","PeriodicalId":9070,"journal":{"name":"Boletin De Malariologia Y Salud Ambiental","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46663201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-30DOI: 10.52808/bmsa.8e7.631.018
William Gil Castro Paniagua
Leptospirosis is one of the most widespread zoonotic diseases in the world. Patients generally present with a nonspecific self-limited febrile state; however, a variable proportion of cases develop so-called Weil's disease, characterized by jaundice, acute renal failure, bleeding diathesis, and severe pulmonary hemorrhagic syndrome. Synanthropic rodents: Rattus norvegicus, R. rattus and Mus musculus are considered important sources of infection, among which Rattus norvegicus is the main host of L. interrogans serovar Copenhageni, which is one of the most pathogenic Leptospira species for human infections. Given the importance of rodents as a source of infection of pathogenic Leptospira for humans, and due to the lack of pathological information in naturally infected rodents, the objective of this study was to evaluate the degree of infection of this disease in rodents located in the Urbanization La Arborada, Huancayo, Peru. A total of 750 traps were placed inside houses that presented rodent infestation (presence of traits) in 75 points, with 10 traps each per house. From the installation they remained 7 continuous days, with periodic revisions every 24 hours. The results show that three quadrants of the zoning presented a high level of risk with more than 20% trapping. The most common rodents were R. rattus and R. norvegicus. Six areas presented a medium risk level (more than 13%) with a greater presence of M. musculus, and 8 quadrants had a low risk (more than 5%) with a greater presence of M. musculus.
{"title":"Presencia de Leptospira spp, en roedores sinantrópicos en la urbanización La Arborada El Tambor Huancayo, 2021","authors":"William Gil Castro Paniagua","doi":"10.52808/bmsa.8e7.631.018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52808/bmsa.8e7.631.018","url":null,"abstract":"Leptospirosis is one of the most widespread zoonotic diseases in the world. Patients generally present with a nonspecific self-limited febrile state; however, a variable proportion of cases develop so-called Weil's disease, characterized by jaundice, acute renal failure, bleeding diathesis, and severe pulmonary hemorrhagic syndrome. Synanthropic rodents: Rattus norvegicus, R. rattus and Mus musculus are considered important sources of infection, among which Rattus norvegicus is the main host of L. interrogans serovar Copenhageni, which is one of the most pathogenic Leptospira species for human infections. Given the importance of rodents as a source of infection of pathogenic Leptospira for humans, and due to the lack of pathological information in naturally infected rodents, the objective of this study was to evaluate the degree of infection of this disease in rodents located in the Urbanization La Arborada, Huancayo, Peru. A total of 750 traps were placed inside houses that presented rodent infestation (presence of traits) in 75 points, with 10 traps each per house. From the installation they remained 7 continuous days, with periodic revisions every 24 hours. The results show that three quadrants of the zoning presented a high level of risk with more than 20% trapping. The most common rodents were R. rattus and R. norvegicus. Six areas presented a medium risk level (more than 13%) with a greater presence of M. musculus, and 8 quadrants had a low risk (more than 5%) with a greater presence of M. musculus.","PeriodicalId":9070,"journal":{"name":"Boletin De Malariologia Y Salud Ambiental","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45185280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-30DOI: 10.52808/bmsa.8e7.631.005
Karina Novoa Barbadillo, Jannet Maria Escobedo Vargas, Alberto Cáceres Huambo, Ruth Mirian Rosas Gamarra, Jorge Layme Incalupe
Episiotomy is a surgical procedure on the vulva to facilitate the delivery of the fetus and avoid third and fourth degree perineal tears. However, it is used at discretion due to the possible complications it can cause. One of the most frequent and serious is the infection of the soft tissues of the perineum caused by microorganisms that penetrate through the surgical wound, which can come from the vaginal, intestinal or skin flora of the woman or from the hospital environment. In this cross-sectional comparative observational study, the objective was to determine the occurrence of perineal infection according to the practice of episiotomy in patients treated at the "Maritza Campos Díaz" Health Center - Zamácola. The sample consisted of 80 women between 19 and 29 years of age, during the postpartum period, who attended the 30-day control, 40 who underwent mediolateral episiotomy and another 40 without episiotomy with second-degree perineal tear that met the criteria Inclusion and exclusion criteria. The frequency of infections was recorded only within the group of patients with episiotomy, with a percentage of 12.5%. Although it was possible to determine a statistical difference (p<0.05) in the occurrence of 5/9 presumptive clinical manifestations of infection among the patients according to episiotomy, it was not possible to determine the association between episiotomy and perineal infection, by obtaining an OR of 12.55 (0.67-235.01).
{"title":"Infección perineal según episiotomía en pacientes puérperas del centro de salud Maritza Campos Díaz Zamacola, Arequipa-2019","authors":"Karina Novoa Barbadillo, Jannet Maria Escobedo Vargas, Alberto Cáceres Huambo, Ruth Mirian Rosas Gamarra, Jorge Layme Incalupe","doi":"10.52808/bmsa.8e7.631.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52808/bmsa.8e7.631.005","url":null,"abstract":"Episiotomy is a surgical procedure on the vulva to facilitate the delivery of the fetus and avoid third and fourth degree perineal tears. However, it is used at discretion due to the possible complications it can cause. One of the most frequent and serious is the infection of the soft tissues of the perineum caused by microorganisms that penetrate through the surgical wound, which can come from the vaginal, intestinal or skin flora of the woman or from the hospital environment. In this cross-sectional comparative observational study, the objective was to determine the occurrence of perineal infection according to the practice of episiotomy in patients treated at the \"Maritza Campos Díaz\" Health Center - Zamácola. The sample consisted of 80 women between 19 and 29 years of age, during the postpartum period, who attended the 30-day control, 40 who underwent mediolateral episiotomy and another 40 without episiotomy with second-degree perineal tear that met the criteria Inclusion and exclusion criteria. The frequency of infections was recorded only within the group of patients with episiotomy, with a percentage of 12.5%. Although it was possible to determine a statistical difference (p<0.05) in the occurrence of 5/9 presumptive clinical manifestations of infection among the patients according to episiotomy, it was not possible to determine the association between episiotomy and perineal infection, by obtaining an OR of 12.55 (0.67-235.01).","PeriodicalId":9070,"journal":{"name":"Boletin De Malariologia Y Salud Ambiental","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45216894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-30DOI: 10.52808/bmsa.8e7.631.017
Lester Wong Vázquez
Strongyloides stercoralis causes strongyloidiasis, an endemic soil-transmitted helminthiasis in tropical and subtropical countries responsible for approximately 30 and 100 million cases worldwide, a neglected disease that also affects the school population. As an objective, it was proposed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with Strongyloides stercoralis in schoolchildren from Manabí, Ecuador, 2022. The study was descriptive, experimental, cross-sectional. The sample consisted of 138 schoolchildren aged between 6-12 years. As a data collection instrument, a sociodemographic survey was applied in addition to the delivery of a collection container with explicit indications for the collection of the sample, evaluating its physical and chemical characteristics, directly with saline solution, Lugol, modified Bermann method and agar culture for nematodes. For data analysis, Microsfot Excel and the SPSS 20.0 statistical package were used to obtain prevalences and Chi-square calculations with p < 0.05. As a result, a general prevalence of S. stercoralis of 3.62% was found, the female sex was the most affected (2.17%) whose outstanding age group was 6 to 8 years (1.45%), compared to risk factors, 10.71% did not wear shoes and 8.33% had animals at home, both with statistical significance of 0.047 and 0.035 (<0.05) respectively. In conclusion, despite being a neglected disease, it is not without lethality within endemic populations, therefore, diagnosis and timely treatment for strongyloidiasis is necessary to save lives
{"title":"Prevalencia y factores asociados a Strongyloides stercoralis en escolares de Manabí, 2022","authors":"Lester Wong Vázquez","doi":"10.52808/bmsa.8e7.631.017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52808/bmsa.8e7.631.017","url":null,"abstract":"Strongyloides stercoralis causes strongyloidiasis, an endemic soil-transmitted helminthiasis in tropical and subtropical countries responsible for approximately 30 and 100 million cases worldwide, a neglected disease that also affects the school population. As an objective, it was proposed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with Strongyloides stercoralis in schoolchildren from Manabí, Ecuador, 2022. The study was descriptive, experimental, cross-sectional. The sample consisted of 138 schoolchildren aged between 6-12 years. As a data collection instrument, a sociodemographic survey was applied in addition to the delivery of a collection container with explicit indications for the collection of the sample, evaluating its physical and chemical characteristics, directly with saline solution, Lugol, modified Bermann method and agar culture for nematodes. For data analysis, Microsfot Excel and the SPSS 20.0 statistical package were used to obtain prevalences and Chi-square calculations with p < 0.05. As a result, a general prevalence of S. stercoralis of 3.62% was found, the female sex was the most affected (2.17%) whose outstanding age group was 6 to 8 years (1.45%), compared to risk factors, 10.71% did not wear shoes and 8.33% had animals at home, both with statistical significance of 0.047 and 0.035 (<0.05) respectively. In conclusion, despite being a neglected disease, it is not without lethality within endemic populations, therefore, diagnosis and timely treatment for strongyloidiasis is necessary to save lives","PeriodicalId":9070,"journal":{"name":"Boletin De Malariologia Y Salud Ambiental","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45631789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-30DOI: 10.52808/bmsa.8e7.631.021
Johanna Isabel Barriga Fray
In the last two decades, there has been a commitment of political will and financial resources for the reduction of neglected tropical diseases. NTDs affect approximately 1 billion people, the majority of whom are poor. In the case of many of these tropical diseases, efforts have focused on expanding treatment coverage through mass drug administration. The disappointing reality is that in all geographic regions, some diseases persist. This has led the WHO to call for breakthroughs and new tools to accelerate progress in reducing the substantial burden such as genomics. Genomic surveillance is commonly employed as an important tool to understand the sources of outbreaks of viral and bacterial infections. However, despite the great advances in genomics, many medical students are not familiar with the appropriate terms, basically due to their low command of English, which is the language that dominates the scientific field. To learn about this reality, a diagnostic test was applied to Spanish-speaking students in the areas of medical sciences with the aim of estimating the students' ability to understand, dexterity or macro-skills in English in the context of epidemiology and tropical genomic surveillance. The results show that students have reading ability from good to excellent in more than 70% of the population studied, in contrast, the lowest domain is writing ability with 41.176% at a low-regular level.
{"title":"Contribución metodológica a la epidemiologia y vigilancia genómica tropical: Desde las macrohabilidades del inglés","authors":"Johanna Isabel Barriga Fray","doi":"10.52808/bmsa.8e7.631.021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52808/bmsa.8e7.631.021","url":null,"abstract":"In the last two decades, there has been a commitment of political will and financial resources for the reduction of neglected tropical diseases. NTDs affect approximately 1 billion people, the majority of whom are poor. In the case of many of these tropical diseases, efforts have focused on expanding treatment coverage through mass drug administration. The disappointing reality is that in all geographic regions, some diseases persist. This has led the WHO to call for breakthroughs and new tools to accelerate progress in reducing the substantial burden such as genomics. Genomic surveillance is commonly employed as an important tool to understand the sources of outbreaks of viral and bacterial infections. However, despite the great advances in genomics, many medical students are not familiar with the appropriate terms, basically due to their low command of English, which is the language that dominates the scientific field. To learn about this reality, a diagnostic test was applied to Spanish-speaking students in the areas of medical sciences with the aim of estimating the students' ability to understand, dexterity or macro-skills in English in the context of epidemiology and tropical genomic surveillance. The results show that students have reading ability from good to excellent in more than 70% of the population studied, in contrast, the lowest domain is writing ability with 41.176% at a low-regular level.","PeriodicalId":9070,"journal":{"name":"Boletin De Malariologia Y Salud Ambiental","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42712715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-30DOI: 10.52808/bmsa.8e7.631.015
Irvin Ricardo Tubón Usca
Infection is the third most common cause of pregnancy-related mortality worldwide, accounting for approximately 10.7% of pregnancy-related deaths in low- and middle-income countries, and 4.7% of all deaths in high-income countries. The incidence of puerperal sepsis has increased over the last decade, in some cases doubling with increasing rates of severe sepsis contributing to mortality. Faced with this situation, future new doctors must have clear concepts related to therapeutic abortion resulting from infections, since they could compromise the health of the pregnant patient and be accused of malpractice, and on the other hand, they must be attentive to the laws and policies of each country in order not to violate them. In this sense, a descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out between January and June 2022 on 105 medical students in the last years of their studies to find out the attitude of the students towards therapeutic abortion due to infection, through the application of 2 measurement instruments measurement. The first questionnaire is a Semantic Differential and the second questionnaire is a Likert Type Scale. The results revealed that the adjectives used in the Sematic Differential and Likert-type questionnaires showed a high development of the attitude of medical students related to the practice of therapeutic abortions, keeping in mind the health of the patient and being vigilant of the specific laws, in this case of Ecuador.
{"title":"Actitud ante el aborto terapéutico por causas infecciosas en estudiantes de la carrera de medicina de UNIANDES Ecuador 2022","authors":"Irvin Ricardo Tubón Usca","doi":"10.52808/bmsa.8e7.631.015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52808/bmsa.8e7.631.015","url":null,"abstract":"Infection is the third most common cause of pregnancy-related mortality worldwide, accounting for approximately 10.7% of pregnancy-related deaths in low- and middle-income countries, and 4.7% of all deaths in high-income countries. The incidence of puerperal sepsis has increased over the last decade, in some cases doubling with increasing rates of severe sepsis contributing to mortality. Faced with this situation, future new doctors must have clear concepts related to therapeutic abortion resulting from infections, since they could compromise the health of the pregnant patient and be accused of malpractice, and on the other hand, they must be attentive to the laws and policies of each country in order not to violate them. In this sense, a descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out between January and June 2022 on 105 medical students in the last years of their studies to find out the attitude of the students towards therapeutic abortion due to infection, through the application of 2 measurement instruments measurement. The first questionnaire is a Semantic Differential and the second questionnaire is a Likert Type Scale. The results revealed that the adjectives used in the Sematic Differential and Likert-type questionnaires showed a high development of the attitude of medical students related to the practice of therapeutic abortions, keeping in mind the health of the patient and being vigilant of the specific laws, in this case of Ecuador.","PeriodicalId":9070,"journal":{"name":"Boletin De Malariologia Y Salud Ambiental","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48524562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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