Brain Research最新文献_第10页

Association of long-term blood pressure exposure with DTI-ALPS: A population-based cohort study 长期血压暴露与DTI-ALPS的关系：一项基于人群的队列研究

IF 2.6 4区医学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Brain Research

Pub Date : 2025-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2025.149998

Sihui Guo , Jing Sun , Yufan Zhang , Xiaoshuai Li , Jing Li , Xinyu Zhao , Pengfei Zhao , Shuohua Chen , Shouling Wu , Ying Hui , Zhenchang Wang , Han Lv

Objective

The relationship between long-term blood pressure exposure and DTI-ALPS of the brain, a noninvasive technique that utilizes diffusion tensor imaging to quantify the diffusivity of water molecules within the perivascular space, in the general population remains unknown. This study aimed to investigate the associations between cumulative exposure of blood pressure and neuroimaging metrics associated with glymphatic function, which plays a crucial role in maintaining cerebral homeostasis by facilitating fluid exchange and eliminating metabolic waste.

Methods

A multicenter, community-based cohort study involving 955 participants was conducted. Analysis of diffusion tensor image analysis along the perivascular space (DTI-ALPS), which can reflect the glymphatic function, was conducted using brain MRI data collected from 2020 to 2022. Cumulative systolic and diastolic blood pressure (cSBP, cDBP) during follow-up periods of 4, 8, and 12 years prior to neuroimaging data acquisition were calculated. Generalized linear models were employed to assess the association between cSBP and cDBP exposure across different time periods and the DTI-ALPS index.

Results

The mean age of participants was 55 years, with females accounting for 45.9 %. Participants with higher cDBP over 90 mmHg during a follow-up period of 12 years exhibited a lower average DTI-ALPS index compared to normotensive individuals (beta = −0.038, 95 % confidence interval [CI] −0.068 to −0.008). This association remained significant among middle-aged individuals aged 45 to 60 years (beta = −0.050, 95 % CI −0.097 to −0.003). No statistical difference was observed regarding high cSBP exposure or for groups with shorter follow-up periods.

Conclusion

Prolonged exposure to high cDBP is associated with low DTI-ALPS, potentially indicating impaired glymphatic function. This implies that managing DBP may have a greater impact on brain health than systolic blood pressure, particularly during midlife.

Registration

URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT05453877.

目的：在普通人群中，长期血压暴露与DTI-ALPS之间的关系尚不清楚。DTI-ALPS是一种利用弥散张量成像来量化血管周围空间水分子弥散性的无创技术。本研究旨在探讨累积血压暴露与淋巴功能相关的神经影像学指标之间的关系，淋巴功能通过促进液体交换和消除代谢废物在维持大脑稳态中起着至关重要的作用。方法：采用多中心、以社区为基础的队列研究，共纳入955名受试者。利用2020 - 2022年采集的脑MRI数据进行沿血管周围间隙弥散张量图像分析（DTI-ALPS）分析，可以反映淋巴功能。计算神经成像数据采集前4、8和12 年随访期间的累积收缩压和舒张压（cSBP, cDBP）。采用广义线性模型评估不同时间段的cSBP和cDBP暴露与DTI-ALPS指数之间的关系。结果：参与者的平均年龄为55 岁，女性占45.9% %。在12 年的随访期间，cDBP高于90 mmHg的参与者与血压正常者相比，平均DTI-ALPS指数较低（β = -0.038,95 %置信区间[CI] -0.068至-0.008）。这种关联在45 - 60岁 岁的中年人中仍然显著（β = -0.050,95 % CI -0.097至-0.003）。高cSBP暴露或随访时间较短的组间无统计学差异。结论：长期暴露于高cDBP与低DTI-ALPS相关，可能表明淋巴功能受损。这意味着控制舒张压可能比控制收缩压对大脑健康的影响更大，尤其是在中年时期。注册：网址：https://www.Clinicaltrials: gov；唯一标识符：NCT05453877。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of theta burst stimulation on the interoceptive brain network and cardiac interoception θ波爆发刺激对内感受性脑网络和心脏内感受的影响。

IF 2.6 4区医学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Brain Research

Pub Date : 2025-10-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2025.149996

Lisa Lai , Til Ole Bergmann , Claus Vögele , Jonathan Cimino , Damien Salles , Marian Van der Meulen , Tabea Schmidt , André Schulz

Interoception, the perception and processing of signals from within the body, plays a central role in various aspects of human cognition, affect, and behavior. This study investigates the effects of theta burst stimulation (TBS) on cardiac interoception, focusing on modulation of activity of the interoceptive brain network (IBN). Twenty-two participants underwent three stimulation protocols: an inhibitory (continuous TBS, cTBS), a facilitatory (intermittent TBS, iTBS), and an ineffective control (intermediate TBS, imTBS) protocol, targeting the right supramarginal gyrus (rSMG). Stimulation of the rSMG allows, thanks to its strong functional connectivity with the right anterior insula, an indirect modulation of the activity of the IBN. We observed an increase in heartbeat-evoked potentials following facilitatory stimulation (iTBS), suggesting increased activity within the interoceptive network. In contrast, we found no effects of inhibitory (cTBS) or ineffective control (imTBS) protocols on HEPs. Furthermore, cardiac interoceptive accuracy (IAc) in a heartbeat perception task was not significantly affected by the different stimulation protocols. In conclusion, the current rSMG facilitation protocol based on iTBS is the first to enhance activity in the IBN. The result that only HEPs, but not cardiac IAc was affected, suggests that rSMG stimulation selectively enhances cardiac interoceptive attention.

内感受是对身体内部信号的感知和处理，在人类认知、情感和行为的各个方面起着核心作用。本研究探讨了θ波爆发刺激（TBS）对心脏内感受的影响，重点研究了内感受脑网络（IBN）活动的调节。22名参与者接受了三种刺激方案：针对右侧边缘上回（rSMG）的抑制性（连续TBS， cTBS）、促进性（间歇性TBS， iTBS）和无效控制（中间TBS， imTBS）方案。由于rSMG与右侧前岛的强大功能连接，刺激rSMG可以间接调节IBN的活动。我们观察到在促进性刺激（iTBS）后心跳诱发电位的增加，表明内感受网络的活动增加。相比之下，我们发现抑制（cTBS）或无效控制（imTBS）方案对HEPs没有影响。此外，不同的刺激方案对心跳感知任务中的心脏内感受准确性（IAc）没有显著影响。总之，目前基于iTBS的rSMG促进协议是第一个增强IBN活动的协议。结果表明，刺激rSMG可选择性地增强心脏内感受性注意。

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引用次数: 0

Altered social proximity in adult mice following prenatal stress Exposure: An exploratory link to cortical neurogenesis 成年小鼠在产前应激暴露后社会接近性的改变：与皮质神经发生的探索性联系。

IF 2.6 4区医学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Brain Research

Pub Date : 2025-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2025.149983

Tsukasa Tomoe , Rei Sugiyama , Niina Kiriyama , Airi Otsuka , Munekazu Komada

Prenatal stress has been implicated in the etiology of neurodevelopmental disorders, yet its impact on cortical morphogenesis and long-term social behavior remains insufficiently characterized. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of prenatal restraint stress on prenatal neurogenesis and social behavior in adult offspring using behavioral and histological approaches. Pregnant mice were subjected to restraint stress (0.5 or 2 h daily from embryonic day (E) 10.5 to 14.5). Histological analysis at E15.5 revealed reduced neurogenesis and intermediate zone formation. Behavioral assessments included social interaction tests and multi-individual proximity tracking using the Multiple Animal Positioning System (MAPS). Offspring exposed to 2 h prenatal stress displayed diminished novelty preference, increased social proximity, and exhibited altered behavioral responses to postnatal stressors. Notably, stress-exposed embryos exhibited reduced neuronal differentiation without gross cortical malformations. These findings suggest that prenatal stress alters cortical neurogenesis and contributes to persistent abnormalities in social behavior. The data provide exploratory evidence that disruption of inhibitory neuron development may underpin altered circuit formation and behavioral sensitivity.

产前应激与神经发育障碍的病因有关，但其对皮层形态发生和长期社会行为的影响仍未充分表征。本研究旨在通过行为学和组织学方法评估产前约束应激对成年后代胎儿神经发生和社会行为的影响。从胚胎第10.5天至14.5天，对怀孕小鼠进行限制性应激（每天0.5或2 h）。E15.5的组织学分析显示神经发生减少和中间带形成。行为评估包括社会互动测试和使用多动物定位系统（MAPS）的多个体接近跟踪。暴露于2小时产前压力下的后代对新事物的偏好降低，社会亲近度增加，对产后压力源的行为反应改变。值得注意的是，暴露在压力下的胚胎表现出神经元分化减少，但没有明显的皮质畸形。这些发现表明，产前应激改变了皮质神经发生，并导致了社会行为的持续异常。这些数据提供了探索性证据，表明抑制性神经元发育的中断可能是改变电路形成和行为敏感性的基础。

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引用次数: 0

Processing Mandarin Chinese classifiers as a lexico-syntactic feature during noun phrase production 名词短语生成过程中汉语分类词的词典句法特征处理。

IF 2.6 4区医学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Brain Research

Pub Date : 2025-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2025.149995

Jin Wang , Jurriaan Witteman , Niels O. Schiller

During speech production, lexico-syntactic features associated with nouns (e.g., grammatical gender, classifiers, number) are assumed to be automatically activated. Although previous studies have provided evidence for this assumption by examining classifier congruency effects, empirical validation of this mechanism in Mandarin Chinese remains limited. The present study investigated whether a classifier congruency effect can be reliably elicited during noun phrase production in Mandarin and explored how this effect relates to semantic processing. We employed a picture-word interference (PWI) paradigm, incorporating several methodological refinements. Both classifier congruency and semantic relatedness between the target and distractor words were manipulated. Behavioural results replicated the semantic interference effect, with longer naming latencies observed for semantically related distractors than semantically unrelated ones. Although no main effect of classifier congruency was found, a significant interaction with semantic relatedness emerged. Classifier incongruency led to delayed naming under semantically related conditions. ERP results further revealed that both the semantic interference and classifier congruency effects peaked within the N400 time window. These findings provide further evidence that classifier information is automatically activated as a lexico-syntactic feature during lemma access, and that this activation is influenced by semantic processing. The present results contribute both conceptually and methodologically to advancing our understanding of classifier processing in Mandarin Chinese.

在语音生成过程中，与名词相关的词汇句法特征（例如，语法性别、分类器、数量）被认为是自动激活的。虽然以前的研究通过检查分类器一致性效应为这一假设提供了证据，但在普通话中对这一机制的实证验证仍然有限。本研究考察了在汉语名词短语生成过程中是否能可靠地诱发分类器一致性效应，并探讨了这种效应与语义加工的关系。我们采用了一种图片-文字干扰（PWI）范式，结合了几种方法的改进。目标词和干扰词之间的分类器一致性和语义相关性都被操纵。行为结果重复了语义干扰效应，与语义相关的干扰物比语义不相关的干扰物有更长的命名延迟。虽然没有发现分类器一致性的主要影响，但与语义相关性出现了显著的相互作用。分类器不一致导致在语义相关条件下延迟命名。ERP结果进一步显示，语义干扰效应和分类器一致性效应在N400时间窗内达到峰值。这些发现进一步证明，在引理访问过程中，分类器信息作为词典-句法特征被自动激活，并且这种激活受语义处理的影响。本研究结果在概念上和方法上都有助于提高我们对普通话分类器处理的理解。

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引用次数: 0

A narrative exploration of oxytocin and anxiety in autism spectrum disorder 自闭症谱系障碍中催产素与焦虑的叙事探索。

IF 2.6 4区医学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Brain Research

Pub Date : 2025-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2025.149991

Shreya Koche , Mayuri Gajghate , Madhura Dixit Vinchurney , Mayur Kale , Brijesh Taksande , Milind Umekar , Rashmi Trivedi

This review aims to critically examine the role of oxytocin in modulating anxiety within autism spectrum disorder by integrating molecular insights with clinical observations. A qualitative thematic analysis was undertaken, drawing on preclinical studies, genetic findings, and clinical trials published over the past two decades, with particular focus on oxytocin signalling pathways, receptor polymorphisms, and therapeutic applications. The analysis highlights that dysregulation of oxytocin levels, together with variations in the oxytocin receptor gene, contribute to heightened anxiety and social impairments in autism. Evidence from animal models and human studies indicates that exogenous oxytocin can reduce anxiety symptoms and improve social behaviours, though outcomes vary depending on genetic background, developmental stage, and methodological design. The review identifies heterogeneity in clinical phenotypes, short trial durations, and limitations in delivery systems as major obstacles to therapeutic translation. Taken together, the synthesis underscores the need for personalized approaches that combine biomarker identification, genotype-specific targeting, and optimized delivery methods. The central message is that while oxytocin holds promise as an anxiolytic agent in autism, its clinical utility depends on a rigorous translational framework that accounts for biological diversity and evidential sufficiency.

本综述旨在通过结合分子观察和临床观察，批判性地研究催产素在自闭症谱系障碍中调节焦虑的作用。根据过去二十年发表的临床前研究、遗传发现和临床试验，进行了定性专题分析，特别关注催产素信号通路、受体多态性和治疗应用。分析强调，催产素水平的失调，以及催产素受体基因的变异，导致自闭症患者焦虑加剧和社交障碍。来自动物模型和人类研究的证据表明，外源性催产素可以减轻焦虑症状并改善社会行为，尽管结果因遗传背景、发育阶段和方法设计而异。该综述确定了临床表型的异质性、试验持续时间短和递送系统的局限性是治疗转化的主要障碍。综上所述，该合成强调了结合生物标志物鉴定、基因型特异性靶向和优化递送方法的个性化方法的必要性。核心信息是，虽然催产素有望成为自闭症的抗焦虑剂，但它的临床应用取决于一个严格的转化框架，该框架考虑了生物多样性和证据充分性。

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引用次数: 0

A deep learning framework for real-time prediction of the behavioral state transition during predation 一个用于实时预测捕食过程中行为状态转变的深度学习框架。

IF 2.6 4区医学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Brain Research

Pub Date : 2025-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2025.149982

Guifeng Zhai , Jincheng Wang , Qiaoqian Wei , Qiyue Deng , Xue Liu , Zhiyi Chen , Yi Zhou

The shift from searching for prey to pursuing it is a critical behavioral transition. Previous studies have identified this transition through post hoc analyses using parameters such as bearing angles and velocities. However, the inability to detect this behavioral shift in real time has hindered attempts to validate brain functions with temporal precision during the shift. To address this issue, we conducted experiments with laboratory mice and developed a deep learning–based method to classify and predict the search-to-pursuit transition. Results showed that the latency period from prey appearance to pursuit correlated with success rates and decreased with experience, suggesting the importance of this transition in predatory behavior. To utilize this transition-identification method in real experiments, we developed a deep learning framework that can detect and predict the transition in real time using video streams. A lightweight YOLOv11n detector enhanced with Ghost modules extracts the kinematic features of the mouse and prey. A spatiotemporal network (STNet) then processes these features. STNet combines GRU-based temporal encoding, attention, and residual convolutional modules for dual-task learning, including behavioral state recognition and prospective transition prediction. STNet achieves high classification accuracy (0.916), strong predictive performance (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.881), and reliable calibration (expected calibration error [ECE] = 0.133; Brier score = 0.082). STNet successfully predicts transitions up to 0.80 s in advance and generalizes robustly across individuals and task difficulty. This open-source approach provides a real-time, video-stream-based method for identifying temporally specific behavioral transitions. This capability enables precisely-timed, closed-loop manipulations to dissect the neural circuits of decision-making.

从寻找猎物到追逐猎物的转变是一个关键的行为转变。以前的研究已经通过使用轴承角度和速度等参数的事后分析确定了这种转变。然而，无法实时检测这种行为转变阻碍了在转变过程中验证大脑功能的时间精度的尝试。为了解决这个问题，我们对实验室小鼠进行了实验，并开发了一种基于深度学习的方法来分类和预测搜索到追求的转变。结果表明，从猎物出现到追捕的潜伏期与成功率相关，并随着经验的增加而减少，表明这一过渡在捕食行为中的重要性。为了在实际实验中利用这种过渡识别方法，我们开发了一个深度学习框架，可以使用视频流实时检测和预测过渡。一个轻量级的YOLOv11n探测器增强了Ghost模块，可以提取老鼠和猎物的运动学特征。然后，一个时空网络（STNet）处理这些特征。STNet结合了基于gru的时间编码、注意和残差卷积模块，用于双任务学习，包括行为状态识别和前瞻性转移预测。STNet分类精度高（0.916），预测性能强（曲线下面积[AUC] = 0.881），标定可靠（预期标定误差[ECE] = 0.133；Brier评分 = 0.082）。STNet成功地提前预测了0.80 s的过渡，并对个体和任务难度进行了稳健的推广。这种开源方法提供了一种实时的、基于视频流的方法，用于识别时间上特定的行为转变。这种能力使精确计时的闭环操作能够解剖决策的神经回路。

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引用次数: 0

Photobiomodulation in stroke prevention and treatment: neuroprotective mechanisms and therapeutic challenges 光生物调节在中风预防和治疗中的作用：神经保护机制和治疗挑战

IF 2.6 4区医学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Brain Research

Pub Date : 2025-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2025.149981

Yuecheng Li , Lei Zhang , Jiaqiang Lin , Luodan Yang , Rui Duan

Stroke remains a leading cause of disability globally, resulting from sudden interruptions in blood flow to the brain. While acute treatments have been a primary focus, there is increasing interest in the potential of photobiomodulation (PBM) therapy for both stroke prevention and rehabilitation. PBM harnesses specific wavelengths of light to stimulate biological processes that can protect neural tissue and promote recovery. Recent evidence suggests that PBM therapy can lead to significant improvements in motor function for individuals experiencing post-stroke hemiparesis, especially when combined with treatments targeting both the brain and skeletal muscles. This review explores the mechanisms underlying PBM therapy, emphasizing the role of key chromophores, such as cytochrome c oxidase and calcium ion channels. It also highlights the therapeutic effects of red and near-infrared light, while considering water as a crucial chromophore that may enhance treatment efficacy. The review addresses challenges related to light penetration during various stages of stroke and underscores the importance of optimizing treatment parameters, including the use of multi-site irradiation and advanced delivery systems involving nanoparticles. By consolidating the current understanding of PBM therapy, this review aims to illustrate its promise as a non-invasive approach for stroke prevention and rehabilitation. It advocates for the development of standardized clinical protocols and personalized PBM strategies that incorporate different wavelengths and combination therapies to improve treatment outcomes. Ultimately, this review emphasizes the potential of PBM therapy to address the complex challenges posed by stroke and advance clinical practice.

中风仍然是全球致残的主要原因，是由流向大脑的血液突然中断引起的。虽然急性治疗一直是主要焦点，但人们对光生物调节（PBM）治疗在卒中预防和康复方面的潜力越来越感兴趣。PBM利用特定波长的光来刺激生物过程，从而保护神经组织并促进恢复。最近的证据表明，PBM治疗可以显著改善中风后偏瘫患者的运动功能，特别是当与针对大脑和骨骼肌的治疗相结合时。本文综述了PBM治疗的机制，强调了关键的发色团，如细胞色素c氧化酶和钙离子通道的作用。它还强调了红光和近红外光的治疗效果，同时认为水是可能提高治疗效果的关键发色团。该综述解决了与冲程各个阶段的光穿透相关的挑战，并强调了优化处理参数的重要性，包括使用多部位照射和涉及纳米颗粒的先进输送系统。通过巩固目前对PBM治疗的理解，本综述旨在说明其作为卒中预防和康复的非侵入性方法的前景。它提倡发展标准化的临床方案和个性化的PBM策略，包括不同的波长和联合治疗，以改善治疗效果。最后，这篇综述强调了PBM治疗在解决中风带来的复杂挑战和推进临床实践方面的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Retraction notice to “Recent approaches in regenerative medicine in the fight against neurodegenerative disease” [Brain Res. 1825 (2024) 148688] 《再生医学在对抗神经退行性疾病中的最新进展》[脑科学进展，1825(2024)148688]。

IF 2.6 4区医学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Brain Research

Pub Date : 2025-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2025.149967

Ali Esmaeili , Atefeh Eteghadi , Farzaneh Saeedi Landi , Shadnaz Fakhteh Yavari , Niloofar Taghipour

引用次数: 0

Retraction notice to “Injection of exogenous amyloid-ß oligomers aggravated cognitive deficits, and activated necroptosis, in APP23 transgenic mice”. [Brain Res. 1821 (2023) 148565] 撤回“注射外源性淀粉样蛋白-ß低聚物加重APP23转基因小鼠的认知缺陷，并激活坏死性下垂”的通知。[j].中国生物医学工程学报，2001,12(2):357 - 357。

IF 2.6 4区医学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Brain Research

Pub Date : 2025-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2025.149968

Haibo Yu , Ryuta Morihara , Ricardo Ota-Elliott , Zhihong Bian , Yuting Bian , Xinran Hu , Hongming Sun , Yusuke Fukui , Koji Abe , Hiroyuki Ishiura , Toru Yamashita

引用次数: 0

Retraction notice to “Decoding thoughts, encoding ethics: A narrative review of the BCI-AI revolution” [Brain Res. 1850 (2025) 149423] “解码思想，编码伦理：BCI-AI革命的叙事回顾”[大脑研究，1850(2025)149423]。

IF 2.6 4区医学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Brain Research

Pub Date : 2025-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2025.149969

Thorsten Rudroff

引用次数: 0