{"title":"Den Einfluss der Suchmaschinenoptimierung messbar machen: Ein halb-automatisierter Ansatz zur Bestimmung von optimierten Ergebnissen auf Googles Suchergebnisseiten","authors":"Sebastian Sünkler, Dirk Lewandowski","doi":"10.5283/epub.44948","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5283/epub.44948","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":90875,"journal":{"name":"ISI ... : ... IEEE Intelligence and Security Informatics. IEEE International Conference on Intelligence and Security Informatics","volume":"8 1","pages":"273-298"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82351630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The search for a final nuclear repository in Germany poses a societal and political issue of high national medial presence and controversy. The German Repository Site Selection Act demands the search to be a “participatory, science-based [...] process”. Also, the repository search combines numerous scientific aspects (e. g., geological analyses, technical requirements) with broad societal implications. For these reasons it constitutes a promising background to analyze the general public’s habits regarding referencing research on Twitter. We collected tweets associated with the conversation around the German nuclear repository search based on keywords. Subsamples of the resulting tweet set are coded regarding sending users’ professional roles and types of hyperlinked content. We found the most vocal group participating in the conversation to be activists and initiatives, while journalists constituted the follower-wise most influential accounts in the sample. Regarding references to scientific content, we found only very few cases of direct links to scholarly publications; however, several kinds of indirect references to academic findings could be identified, e. g., links to paraphrases of studies in news articles or blog posts. Our results indicate participation from a fairly diverse set of users in the observed communication around the German repository search; exchanges of research findings however appear to have happened rarely and been limited to very few particular studies. The findings also illustrate a central problem regarding the expressive power of social media-based altmetrics, namely that a large share of signals indicating a scholarly work’s influence will not be found by searching for explicit identifiers. Does the General Public Share Research on Twitter? 95
{"title":"Does the General Public Share Research on Twitter? A Case Study on the Online Conversation about the Search for a Nuclear Repository in Germany","authors":"Steffen Lemke, Paula Bräuer, Isabella Peters","doi":"10.5283/epub.44940","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5283/epub.44940","url":null,"abstract":"The search for a final nuclear repository in Germany poses a societal and political issue of high national medial presence and controversy. The German Repository Site Selection Act demands the search to be a “participatory, science-based [...] process”. Also, the repository search combines numerous scientific aspects (e. g., geological analyses, technical requirements) with broad societal implications. For these reasons it constitutes a promising background to analyze the general public’s habits regarding referencing research on Twitter. We collected tweets associated with the conversation around the German nuclear repository search based on keywords. Subsamples of the resulting tweet set are coded regarding sending users’ professional roles and types of hyperlinked content. We found the most vocal group participating in the conversation to be activists and initiatives, while journalists constituted the follower-wise most influential accounts in the sample. Regarding references to scientific content, we found only very few cases of direct links to scholarly publications; however, several kinds of indirect references to academic findings could be identified, e. g., links to paraphrases of studies in news articles or blog posts. Our results indicate participation from a fairly diverse set of users in the observed communication around the German repository search; exchanges of research findings however appear to have happened rarely and been limited to very few particular studies. The findings also illustrate a central problem regarding the expressive power of social media-based altmetrics, namely that a large share of signals indicating a scholarly work’s influence will not be found by searching for explicit identifiers. Does the General Public Share Research on Twitter? 95","PeriodicalId":90875,"journal":{"name":"ISI ... : ... IEEE Intelligence and Security Informatics. IEEE International Conference on Intelligence and Security Informatics","volume":"4 1","pages":"94-114"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75231625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"(Un)bekannte Akteure auf der Suchergebnisseite? Ein Vergleich zwischen selbst eingeschätzter und tatsächlich vorhandener Suchmaschinenkompetenz deutscher InternetnutzerInnen","authors":"Sebastian Schultheiß, Dirk Lewandowski","doi":"10.5283/epub.44946","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5283/epub.44946","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":90875,"journal":{"name":"ISI ... : ... IEEE Intelligence and Security Informatics. IEEE International Conference on Intelligence and Security Informatics","volume":"7 1","pages":"218-246"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83048961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Across numerous fan created and curated websites, there exists a wealth of semantically rich descriptive data for a variety of Japanese visual media, such as anime, manga, and video games. The amount and granularity of these data makes it valuable for domain researchers, but the semantic heterogeneity and lack of interconnectedness makes analysis cumbersome. Seeking to address this issue, the Japanese Visual Media Graph (JVMG) project aims to create a type of global database built using RDF and external ontologies to better enable data-driven research in the domain. We discuss the benefits this approach has when compared to the local relational databases used at the fan-sites, such as enabling the easy creation of aggregate resources using data from multiple providers, and the ability to constantly update and alter a schema over time. This encourages the incorporation of additional data in the future, while still maintaining rich data semantics and provenance. While many of the benefits are discussed in the context of the JVMG project or the Japanese visual media domain, we discuss how this database approach may be similarly advantageous to other projects that seek to create aggregate resources, or collect heterogeneous data from diverse sources.
{"title":"The Benefits of RDF and External Ontologies for Heterogeneous Data: A Case Study Using the Japanese Visual Media Graph","authors":"Senan Kiryakos, Magnus Pfeffer","doi":"10.5283/epub.44950","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5283/epub.44950","url":null,"abstract":"Across numerous fan created and curated websites, there exists a wealth of semantically rich descriptive data for a variety of Japanese visual media, such as anime, manga, and video games. The amount and granularity of these data makes it valuable for domain researchers, but the semantic heterogeneity and lack of interconnectedness makes analysis cumbersome. Seeking to address this issue, the Japanese Visual Media Graph (JVMG) project aims to create a type of global database built using RDF and external ontologies to better enable data-driven research in the domain. We discuss the benefits this approach has when compared to the local relational databases used at the fan-sites, such as enabling the easy creation of aggregate resources using data from multiple providers, and the ability to constantly update and alter a schema over time. This encourages the incorporation of additional data in the future, while still maintaining rich data semantics and provenance. While many of the benefits are discussed in the context of the JVMG project or the Japanese visual media domain, we discuss how this database approach may be similarly advantageous to other projects that seek to create aggregate resources, or collect heterogeneous data from diverse sources.","PeriodicalId":90875,"journal":{"name":"ISI ... : ... IEEE Intelligence and Security Informatics. IEEE International Conference on Intelligence and Security Informatics","volume":"23 1","pages":"308-320"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76820068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Joachim Griesbaum, D. Çetta, Thomas Mandl, Elke G. Montanari
Information literacy is a controversially discussed topic with heterogeneous defi-nitions. In the context of a project on “Information Literacy and Democracy” in Germany, 21 experts from diverse scientific backgrounds submitted position papers in which the authors provided their perspectives on the following questions: What is information literacy? How to foster information literacy? What are the central developments in the field of information literacy? What other aspects are relevant? Based on document analysis, this contribution unites the core mes-sages of the 19 position papers for an international audience. Such a combined view of 21 experts from diverse scientific backgrounds is rather scarce. By merg-ing the views of many experts and transcending disciplinary borders, this paper hopes to make a small contribution to stimulate multidisciplinary discussions on information literacy and corresponding approaches to improve it.
{"title":"What Is Information Literacy and How to Improve It?","authors":"Joachim Griesbaum, D. Çetta, Thomas Mandl, Elke G. Montanari","doi":"10.5283/epub.44935","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5283/epub.44935","url":null,"abstract":"Information literacy is a controversially discussed topic with heterogeneous defi-nitions. In the context of a project on “Information Literacy and Democracy” in Germany, 21 experts from diverse scientific backgrounds submitted position papers in which the authors provided their perspectives on the following questions: What is information literacy? How to foster information literacy? What are the central developments in the field of information literacy? What other aspects are relevant? Based on document analysis, this contribution unites the core mes-sages of the 19 position papers for an international audience. Such a combined view of 21 experts from diverse scientific backgrounds is rather scarce. By merg-ing the views of many experts and transcending disciplinary borders, this paper hopes to make a small contribution to stimulate multidisciplinary discussions on information literacy and corresponding approaches to improve it.","PeriodicalId":90875,"journal":{"name":"ISI ... : ... IEEE Intelligence and Security Informatics. IEEE International Conference on Intelligence and Security Informatics","volume":"1 1","pages":"24-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85983630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Expanded Potential of Linking Different Types of Information and Data in the Digital Humanities: How Do Innovative Approaches Derived from Information Science and Data Science Contribute to a Knowledge Gain Across Disciplines?","authors":"V. Husfeldt, Sharon Alt","doi":"10.5283/epub.44958","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5283/epub.44958","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":90875,"journal":{"name":"ISI ... : ... IEEE Intelligence and Security Informatics. IEEE International Conference on Intelligence and Security Informatics","volume":"92 1","pages":"414-417"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83799386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Ehrhardt, Timo Spinde, Ali Vardasbi, Felix Hamborg
Due to the strong impact the news has on society, the detection and analysis of bias within the media are important topics. Most approaches to bias detection focus on linguistic forms of bias or the evaluation and tracing of sources. In this paper, we present an approach that analyzes co - occurrences of entities across articles of different news outlets to indicate a strong but difficult to detect form of bias: bias by omission of information. Specifically, we present and evaluate different methods of identifying entity co - occurrences and then use the best performing method, reference entity detection, to analyze the coverage of nine major US news outlets over one year. We set a low performing but transparent baseline, which is able to identify a news outlet’s affiliation towards a political orientation. Our approach employing reference entity selection, i. e., analyzing how often one entity co - occurs with others across a set of documents, yields an F1 score of F1 = 0.51 compared to F1 = 0.20 of the TF - IDF baseline. for further testing. Those approaches did not show high performance, they did not the peculiarities of bias by omission of information.
{"title":"Omission of Information: Identifying Political Slant via an Analysis of Co-occurring Entities","authors":"J. Ehrhardt, Timo Spinde, Ali Vardasbi, Felix Hamborg","doi":"10.5283/epub.44939","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5283/epub.44939","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the strong impact the news has on society, the detection and analysis of bias within the media are important topics. Most approaches to bias detection focus on linguistic forms of bias or the evaluation and tracing of sources. In this paper, we present an approach that analyzes co - occurrences of entities across articles of different news outlets to indicate a strong but difficult to detect form of bias: bias by omission of information. Specifically, we present and evaluate different methods of identifying entity co - occurrences and then use the best performing method, reference entity detection, to analyze the coverage of nine major US news outlets over one year. We set a low performing but transparent baseline, which is able to identify a news outlet’s affiliation towards a political orientation. Our approach employing reference entity selection, i. e., analyzing how often one entity co - occurs with others across a set of documents, yields an F1 score of F1 = 0.51 compared to F1 = 0.20 of the TF - IDF baseline. for further testing. Those approaches did not show high performance, they did not the peculiarities of bias by omission of information.","PeriodicalId":90875,"journal":{"name":"ISI ... : ... IEEE Intelligence and Security Informatics. IEEE International Conference on Intelligence and Security Informatics","volume":"43 1","pages":"80-93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76005691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ist die Webseite suchmaschinenoptimiert? Vorstellung eines Online-Tools zur Analyse der Wahrscheinlichkeit der Suchmaschinenoptimierung auf einer Webseite","authors":"Sebastian Sünkler, Dirk Lewandowski","doi":"10.5283/epub.44949","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5283/epub.44949","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":90875,"journal":{"name":"ISI ... : ... IEEE Intelligence and Security Informatics. IEEE International Conference on Intelligence and Security Informatics","volume":"2 1","pages":"299-306"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89285257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Digitale Kunstgeschichte und Bilddatenbanken als Synthese von Foto-, Dia- und Bibliothek","authors":"P. Bell","doi":"10.5283/epub.44934","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5283/epub.44934","url":null,"abstract":"Bibliothek Bilddatenbanken","PeriodicalId":90875,"journal":{"name":"ISI ... : ... IEEE Intelligence and Security Informatics. IEEE International Conference on Intelligence and Security Informatics","volume":"152 1","pages":"22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79568974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Emojis represent an essential means of expressing sentiments such as opinions and attitudes in computer - mediated communication, especially in chats and social media. To effectively capture these sentiments, the sentiments associated with the emojis used must be known. Previous approaches to determining the sentiments expressed with emojis require a large amount of manual annotation. For many emojis, especially less frequently used platform - specific emojis, studies on expressed sentiments do not yet exist. Therefore, these emojis cannot be considered in sentiment analyses so far. In this work, a method for effective and efficient determination of emojis’ sentiments and their compilation in a sentiment lexicon was developed. The determined sentiments are compiled as a sentiment lexicon. For this purpose, software was created in Python to process collections of texts into a corpus. The software derives the emojis’ sentiments as valence values based on the sentiments of the texts in which the emojis appear. The lexicons produced by the method can be used in lexicon - based sentiment analysis approaches. The method also derives other information on the emojis and their usage that can be used to assess the sentiment lexicon produced and the usage of the emojis. Using the developed method, two analyses were conducted with corpora of different text sources. The results and subsequent comparisons with existing sentiment lexicons have shown that the developed method is able to efficiently produce similar results as sentiment lexicons produced with manual annotation.
{"title":"Design and Development of an Emoji Sentiment Lexicon","authors":"Fabian Haak","doi":"10.5283/epub.44960","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5283/epub.44960","url":null,"abstract":"Emojis represent an essential means of expressing sentiments such as opinions and attitudes in computer - mediated communication, especially in chats and social media. To effectively capture these sentiments, the sentiments associated with the emojis used must be known. Previous approaches to determining the sentiments expressed with emojis require a large amount of manual annotation. For many emojis, especially less frequently used platform - specific emojis, studies on expressed sentiments do not yet exist. Therefore, these emojis cannot be considered in sentiment analyses so far. In this work, a method for effective and efficient determination of emojis’ sentiments and their compilation in a sentiment lexicon was developed. The determined sentiments are compiled as a sentiment lexicon. For this purpose, software was created in Python to process collections of texts into a corpus. The software derives the emojis’ sentiments as valence values based on the sentiments of the texts in which the emojis appear. The lexicons produced by the method can be used in lexicon - based sentiment analysis approaches. The method also derives other information on the emojis and their usage that can be used to assess the sentiment lexicon produced and the usage of the emojis. Using the developed method, two analyses were conducted with corpora of different text sources. The results and subsequent comparisons with existing sentiment lexicons have shown that the developed method is able to efficiently produce similar results as sentiment lexicons produced with manual annotation.","PeriodicalId":90875,"journal":{"name":"ISI ... : ... IEEE Intelligence and Security Informatics. IEEE International Conference on Intelligence and Security Informatics","volume":"35 1","pages":"432-438"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75098757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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