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Machine Learning GUI based For Detecting Alzheimer’s 基于机器学习GUI的阿尔茨海默病检测
Pub Date : 2022-10-29 DOI: 10.5121/csit.2022.121813
Fatema Nafa, Evelyn RodriguezArgueta, Annie Dequit, Changqing Chen
Alzheimer's disease (AD), a kind of dementia, is marked by progressive cognitive and behavioural problems that appear in middle or late life. Alzheimer's disease must be detected early in order to create more effective therapies. Dr. Alois Alzheimer was the first doctor in the medical field to notice an unusual state of change in the brains of his deceased patients with mental illness, which marked the start of Alzheimer's study. Machine learning (ML) techniques nowadays employ a variety of probabilistic and optimization strategies to allow computers to learn from vast and complex datasets. Because of the limited number of labelled data and the prevalence of outliers in the current datasets, accurate dementia prediction is extremely difficult. In this research, we propose a sustainable framework for dementia prediction based on ML techniques such as Support Vector Machine, Decision Tree, AdaBoost, Random Forest, and XGmodel. All the experiments, in this literature, were conducted under the same experimental conditions using the longitudinal MRI Dataset.
阿尔茨海默病(AD)是痴呆症的一种,其特征是在中年或晚年出现渐进式认知和行为问题。为了创造更有效的治疗方法,阿尔茨海默病必须及早发现。阿洛伊斯·阿尔茨海默博士是医学界第一个注意到他的已故精神疾病患者的大脑发生了一种不寻常的变化的医生,这标志着阿尔茨海默病研究的开始。如今,机器学习(ML)技术采用各种概率和优化策略,使计算机能够从庞大而复杂的数据集中学习。由于标记数据的数量有限,并且当前数据集中普遍存在异常值,因此准确的痴呆症预测非常困难。在本研究中,我们提出了一个基于ML技术(如支持向量机、决策树、AdaBoost、随机森林和xg模型)的可持续痴呆预测框架。本文献中的所有实验都是在相同的实验条件下使用纵向MRI数据集进行的。
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引用次数: 0
Trustworthy Artificial Intelligence for Blockchain-based Cryptocurrency 基于区块链的加密货币可信赖的人工智能
Pub Date : 2022-10-29 DOI: 10.5121/csit.2022.121806
Tiffany Zhan
Blockchain-based cryptocurrency has attracted the immersive attention of individuals and businesses. With distributed ledger technology (DLT) consisting of growing list of record blocks and securely linked together using cryptography, each block contains a cryptographic hash of the previous block, a timestamp, and transaction data. The timestamp proves that the transaction data existed when the block was created. Since each block contains information about the block previous to it, they effectively form a chain, with each additional block linking to the ones before it. Consequently, blockchain transactions are irreversible in that, once they are recorded, the data in any given block cannot be altered retroactively without altering all subsequent blocks. The blockchain-based technologies have been emerging with a fleet speed. In this paper, the trustworthy Artificial Intelligence will be explored for blockchain-based cryptocurrency where the prohibitive price leap creates a challenge for financial analysis and prediction.
基于区块链的加密货币吸引了个人和企业的沉浸式关注。分布式账本技术(DLT)由不断增长的记录块列表组成,并使用加密技术安全地链接在一起,每个块包含前一个块的加密散列、时间戳和交易数据。时间戳证明在区块创建时存在交易数据。由于每个区块都包含前一个区块的信息,因此它们有效地形成了一个链,每个额外的区块都链接到它之前的区块。因此,区块链交易是不可逆的,因为一旦它们被记录下来,任何给定块中的数据都不能在不改变所有后续块的情况下进行追溯性更改。基于区块链的技术以飞快的速度出现。在本文中,将探索基于区块链的加密货币的可信赖人工智能,其中令人望而却步的价格飞跃为财务分析和预测带来了挑战。
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引用次数: 0
An Automatic Sheet Music Generating Algorithm based on Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence 基于机器学习和人工智能的乐谱自动生成算法
Pub Date : 2022-10-29 DOI: 10.5121/csit.2022.121822
Ruize Yu, Yu Sun
Due to the ever growing popularity of music as a part of everyday life, and with the continuous advances in AI technology, it is now possible for computers to listen to and recognize music [1]. However, there still exist limitations on machines’ ability to recognize audio. This paper proposes an application to simplify the process of music transcription and reduce its runtime [2]. This application was tested in a different range of settings and evaluated. The results show what can be further improved on this application.
由于音乐作为日常生活的一部分越来越受欢迎,并且随着人工智能技术的不断进步,现在计算机可以听音乐并识别音乐[1]。然而,机器识别音频的能力仍然存在局限性。本文提出了一种简化音乐转录过程并缩短其运行时间的应用[2]。该应用程序在不同的设置范围内进行了测试和评估。结果显示了在这个应用程序上可以进一步改进的地方。
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引用次数: 0
Robust Discriminative Non-Negative Matrix Factorization with Maximum Correntropy Criterion 基于最大熵准则的鲁棒判别非负矩阵分解
Pub Date : 2022-10-29 DOI: 10.5121/csit.2022.121804
Hang Cheng, Shixiong Wang, Naiyang Guan
Non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) is an effective dimension reduction tool widely used in pattern recognition and computer vision. However, conventional NMF models are neither robust enough, as their objective functions are sensitive to outliers, nor discriminative enough, as they completely ignore the discriminative information in data. In this paper, we proposed a robust discriminative NMF model (RDNMF) for learning an effective discriminative subspace from noisy dataset. In particular, RDNMF approximates observations by their reconstructions in the subspace via maximum correntropy criterion to prohibit outliers from influencing the subspace. To incorporate the discriminative information, RDNMF builds adjacent graphs by using maximum correntropy criterion based robust representation, and regularizes the model by margin maximization criterion. We developed a multiplicative update rule to optimize RDNMF and theoretically proved its convergence. Experimental results on popular datasets verify the effectiveness of RDNMF comparing with conventional NMF models, discriminative NMF models, and robust NMF models.
非负矩阵分解(NMF)是一种有效的降维工具,广泛应用于模式识别和计算机视觉。然而,传统的NMF模型鲁棒性不够强,因为其目标函数对异常值敏感,而判别性也不够强,因为它们完全忽略了数据中的判别信息。本文提出了一种鲁棒判别NMF模型(RDNMF),用于从噪声数据集中学习有效的判别子空间。特别是,RDNMF通过最大熵准则在子空间中的重建来近似观测值,以禁止异常值影响子空间。为了融合判别信息,RDNMF采用基于最大相关系数准则的鲁棒表示构建相邻图,并采用边界最大化准则对模型进行正则化。提出了一种优化RDNMF的乘法更新规则,并从理论上证明了其收敛性。在常用数据集上的实验结果验证了RDNMF与传统NMF模型、判别NMF模型和鲁棒NMF模型的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
The Problem Solver: A Mobile Platform to Mediate Teenager Family Relationship using Dart and Machine Learning 问题解决者:一个使用Dart和机器学习来调解青少年家庭关系的移动平台
Pub Date : 2022-10-29 DOI: 10.5121/csit.2022.121825
Ziheng Guan, Angqian Li
Family conflicts between parents and their children are nothing new and are something experienced by many in such situations [1]. These conflicts can even be exacerbated by cultural differences that exist between the two parties, especially in cases where the parents and child were raised in different countries, cultures and/or generations [2]. This description illustrates my personal experiences of conflict with my parents, which is what inspired me to create this app: The Problem Solver app. The app differs from other methods that could be applied to resolve these conflicts in that it facilitates more direct communication between the two conflicting parties, which would hopefully result in a more rapid and successful conflict resolution [3]. Naturally, there were challenges I faced in the making of the app, but I was eventually able to work through these and build a working product. I will also explore some related works and research into this topic that were helpful in supporting the idea that cultural differences between differently raised generations can have an impact on familial relations [4]. Then, I give a general overview of the system of the app and finally delve into possible limitations of the app and further steps I could take in the development of the app.
父母和孩子之间的家庭冲突并不是什么新鲜事,很多人在这种情况下都经历过[1]。双方之间存在的文化差异甚至会加剧这些冲突,特别是在父母和孩子在不同的国家、文化和/或世代中长大的情况下[2]。这一描述说明了我与父母发生冲突的个人经历,这也是我创造这个应用程序的灵感:问题解决者应用程序。这个应用程序与其他解决这些冲突的方法不同,它促进了冲突双方之间更直接的沟通,从而有望更快、更成功地解决冲突[3]。当然,在制作这款应用的过程中我也遇到了一些挑战,但我最终还是克服了这些困难,制作出了一款可行的产品。我还将探讨一些相关的工作和研究,这些工作和研究有助于支持不同世代之间的文化差异会影响家庭关系的观点[4]。然后,我对应用程序的系统进行了总体概述,最后深入研究了应用程序可能存在的局限性以及我在应用程序开发中可以采取的进一步步骤。
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引用次数: 0
Improving Explanations of Image Classification with Ensembles of Learners 用学习器集成改进图像分类的解释
Pub Date : 2022-10-29 DOI: 10.5121/csit.2022.121801
Aadil Ahamed, Kamran Alipour, Sateesh Kumar, Severine Soltani, M. Pazzani
In explainable AI (XAI) for deep learning, saliency maps, heatmaps, or attention maps are commonly used to identify important regions for the classification of images of explanations. Recent research has shown that many common XAI methods do not accurately identify the regions that human experts consider important. We propose averaging explanations from ensembles of learners to increase the accuracy of explanations. Our technique is general and can be used with multiple deep learning architectures and multiple XAI algorithms. We show that this method decreases the difference between regions of interest of XAI algorithms and those identified by human experts. Furthermore, we show that human experts prefer the explanations produced by ensembles to those of individual networks.
在深度学习的可解释人工智能(XAI)中,显著性图、热图或注意力图通常用于识别解释图像分类的重要区域。最近的研究表明,许多常见的XAI方法不能准确地识别人类专家认为重要的区域。我们建议从学习者集合中平均解释,以提高解释的准确性。我们的技术是通用的,可以用于多种深度学习架构和多种XAI算法。我们表明,这种方法减少了XAI算法与人类专家识别的感兴趣区域之间的差异。此外,我们表明,人类专家更喜欢由整体产生的解释而不是单个网络产生的解释。
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引用次数: 0
Word Predictability is Based on Context - and/or Frequency 单词的可预测性是基于上下文和/或频率的
Pub Date : 2022-10-29 DOI: 10.5121/csit.2022.121818
R. Delmonte, Nicolò Busetto
In this paper we present an experiment carried out with BERT on a small number of Italian sentences taken from two domains: newspapers and poetry domain. They represent two levels of increasing difficulty in the possibility to predict the masked word that we intended to test. The experiment is organized on the hypothesis of increasing difficulty in predictability at the three levels of linguistic complexity that we intend to monitor: lexical, syntactic and semantic level. To test this hypothesis we alternate canonical and non-canonical versions of the same sentence before processing them with the same DL model. The result shows that DL models are highly sensitive to presence of non-canonical structures and to local non-literal meaning compositional effect. However, DL are also very sensitive to word frequency by predicting preferentially function vs content words, collocates vs infrequent word phrases. To measure differences in performance we created a linguistically based “predictability parameter” which is highly correlated with a cosine based classification but produces better distinctions between classes.
在本文中,我们提出了一个用BERT对两个领域的少量意大利语句子进行的实验:报纸和诗歌领域。它们代表了预测我们想要测试的掩蔽词的难度增加的两个层次。本实验是在我们打算监测的三个语言复杂性水平(词汇、句法和语义水平)的可预测性难度增加的假设上组织的。为了验证这一假设,我们在使用相同的DL模型处理相同句子之前,交替使用同一句子的规范和非规范版本。结果表明,深度学习模型对非正则结构的存在和局部非字面意义组成效应高度敏感。然而,深度学习对词频也非常敏感,通过优先预测功能词与内容词、搭配词与不常用的词短语。为了衡量性能差异,我们创建了一个基于语言的“可预测性参数”,它与基于余弦的分类高度相关,但可以更好地区分类别。
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引用次数: 1
Converting Real Human Avatar to Cartoon Avatar using CycleGAN 使用CycleGAN将真人头像转换为卡通头像
Pub Date : 2022-10-29 DOI: 10.5121/csit.2022.121816
Wenxin Tian
Cartoons are an important art style, which not only has a unique drawing effect but also reflects the character itself, which is gradually loved by people. With the development of image processing technology, people's research on image research is no longer limited to image recognition, target detection, and tracking, but also images In this paper, we use deep learning based image processing to generate cartoon caricatures of human faces. Therefore, this paper investigates the use of deep learning-based methods to learn face features and convert image styles while preserving the original content features, to automatically generate natural cartoon avatars. In this paper, we study a face cartoon generation method based on content invariance. In the task of image style conversion, the content is fused with different style features based on the invariance of content information, to achieve the style conversion.
动画片是一种重要的艺术风格,它不仅具有独特的绘画效果,而且还能反映人物本身,逐渐受到人们的喜爱。随着图像处理技术的发展,人们对图像的研究已经不再局限于图像识别、目标检测、跟踪,而是对图像的研究。本文采用基于深度学习的图像处理技术生成人脸卡通漫画。因此,本文研究利用基于深度学习的方法,在保留原始内容特征的情况下,学习人脸特征并转换图像样式,自动生成自然的卡通化身。本文研究了一种基于内容不变性的人脸卡通生成方法。在图像样式转换任务中,基于内容信息的不变性,将内容与不同的样式特征融合在一起,实现样式转换。
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引用次数: 0
A Unity Microscope Simulation to Help Students Get More Access to Lab Equipment Online during Covid-19 Pandemic Unity显微镜模拟帮助学生在Covid-19大流行期间更多地在线访问实验室设备
Pub Date : 2022-10-29 DOI: 10.5121/csit.2022.121805
Kaiwen Chen, Yu Sun
Something that still remains an issue to this day is how students and other individuals can become educated in matters that are generally taught in person and are difficult to translate to an online environment in particular [5]. In particular, teaching how to operate lab equipment without having hands-on experience is incredibly difficult. With the COVID-19 pandemic, the need for sufficient online learning materials and tools has become much greater in recent years [6]. To resolve this issue, a simulation was made in Unity that aims to educate its users on how to work with a microscope [7]. Sliders are provided in the simulation to control the X-axis, Yaxis, Z-axis, and focus. The simulation was tested for its effectiveness by gathering fifteen participants to download and test the simulation, then asking each participant to fill out a survey. In the survey, the participants graded the educational value and convenience of using the application on a scale from one to ten, and they were encouraged to leave any other feedback in a free-response section of the survey [8]. Results indicated that the general public would find this simulation practical in daily life, as participants generally rated the simulation as both educational and convenient to use.
时至今日,仍然存在的一个问题是,学生和其他个人如何接受教育,这些知识通常是面对面教授的,特别是很难转化为在线环境[5]。特别是,在没有实践经验的情况下教授如何操作实验室设备是非常困难的。近年来,随着COVID-19大流行,对足够的在线学习材料和工具的需求大大增加[6]。为了解决这个问题,在Unity中进行了模拟,旨在教育用户如何使用显微镜[7]。仿真中提供了滑块来控制x轴、y轴、z轴和焦点。为了测试模拟的有效性,我们收集了15个参与者来下载和测试模拟,然后让每个参与者填写一份调查问卷。在调查中,参与者对应用程序的教育价值和使用方便性进行打分,从1到10,并鼓励他们在调查的自由回答部分留下任何其他反馈[8]。结果表明,一般公众会发现这个模拟在日常生活中是实用的,因为参与者普遍认为模拟既具有教育意义又方便使用。
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引用次数: 0
A Single Level Detection Model for Traffic Sign Detection using Channel Shuffle Residual Structure 基于信道洗牌残差结构的交通标志单级检测模型
Pub Date : 2022-10-29 DOI: 10.5121/csit.2022.121808
Yuan Luo, Jie Hao
Traffic sign recognition (TSR) is a challenging task for unmanned systems, especially because the traffic signs are small in the road view image. In order to ensure the real-time and robustness of traffic sign detection in automated driving systems, we present a single level detection model for TSR which consists of three core components. The first is we use channel shuffle residual network structure to ensure the real-time performance of the system, which mainly uses low-level features to enhance the representation of small target feature information. Secondly, we use dilated convolution residual block to enhance the receptive field to detect multi-scale targets. Thirdly, we propose a dynamic and adaptive matching method for the anchor frame selection problem of small traffic signs. The experimental surface on TsinghuaTencent 100k Dataset and Chinese Traffic Sign Dataset benchmark has better accuracy and robustness compared with existing detection networks. With an image size of 800 × 800, the proposed model achieves 92.9 running at 120 FPS on 2080Ti.
交通标志识别对于无人驾驶系统来说是一项具有挑战性的任务,特别是因为交通标志在道路视图图像中很小。为了保证自动驾驶系统中交通标志检测的实时性和鲁棒性,提出了一种单级交通标志检测模型,该模型由三个核心部分组成。首先,我们采用通道洗牌残差网络结构来保证系统的实时性,主要利用底层特征来增强小目标特征信息的表示。其次,利用扩展卷积残差块增强接收野,实现对多尺度目标的检测。第三,针对小型交通标志锚架选择问题,提出了一种动态自适应匹配方法。与现有检测网络相比,在清华腾讯100k数据集和中国交通标志数据集基准上的实验面具有更好的准确率和鲁棒性。当图像尺寸为800 × 800时,该模型在2080Ti上以120 FPS运行时达到92.9。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Artificial intelligence and applications (Commerce, Calif.)
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