Pub Date : 2019-01-04DOI: 10.15406/jmen.2019.07.00232
H. Sharma, P. Shirkot
From the beginning of human civilization natural matter was used to stain hides, decorate feathers and shells and paint stories on the walls of ancient caves to over 15,000 B.C. with black, white, yellow and reddish pigments made from ochre. After the Neolithic revolution the permanent settlement of man began resulting in new discoveries and inventions around 7,000-2,000 B.C. like production of textiles by adding various colorants to them.1 These natural organic colorants had timeless history of application, especially as textile dyes. The pioneer in discovery of synthetic dye was William Henry Perkin; a student at the Royal College of Chemistry who while making drug quinine from aniline produced thick dark sludge which he diluted with alcohol. This produced purple color ‘fast’ dye, resistant to washing and to the fading effects of light and was used to dye silk.
{"title":"Bioremediation of azo dyes using biogenic iron nanoparticles","authors":"H. Sharma, P. Shirkot","doi":"10.15406/jmen.2019.07.00232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/jmen.2019.07.00232","url":null,"abstract":"From the beginning of human civilization natural matter was used to stain hides, decorate feathers and shells and paint stories on the walls of ancient caves to over 15,000 B.C. with black, white, yellow and reddish pigments made from ochre. After the Neolithic revolution the permanent settlement of man began resulting in new discoveries and inventions around 7,000-2,000 B.C. like production of textiles by adding various colorants to them.1 These natural organic colorants had timeless history of application, especially as textile dyes. The pioneer in discovery of synthetic dye was William Henry Perkin; a student at the Royal College of Chemistry who while making drug quinine from aniline produced thick dark sludge which he diluted with alcohol. This produced purple color ‘fast’ dye, resistant to washing and to the fading effects of light and was used to dye silk.","PeriodicalId":91326,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology & experimentation","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41413287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-03DOI: 10.15406/jmen.2019.07.00229
Abu Naser Ibne Sattar, Sanjida Khondakar Setu, Towfique Hasan Firoz, S. Islam
Tuberculosis (TB) is a highly prevalent global human infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). One-third of the world’s population is infected with latent TB. Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) can occur as the sole manifestation of TB or concurrent with pulmonary or other extra pulmonary sites of infection.1,2 Tuberculosis (TB) is the major cause of death worldwide and is due to a single pathogen.3 TB meningitis in particular owes their existence to unsuspected, undiagnosed, or incompletely treated in the community. Mortality due to TB occurs mainly due to the neural form of TB, namely, TB meningitis. Delay in diagnosis and so in the start of effective treatment results in poor prognosis and sequalae in up to 25% of cases.4 Prompt diagnosis is critical for initiating appropriate therapy and facilitating measures to prevent dissemination of this highly contagious disease. The prevalence of TB meningitis remains largely underestimated because clinical manifestations are nonspecific in early stages of the disease and bacteriologic confirmation is available only for a small proportion of patients. Also, clinical diagnosis of TB meningitis is difficult due to its varied clinical presentations. Further, routinely used tests employed for clinical diagnosis of TB are inadequate to detect extrapulmonary forms of TB like TB meningitis. PCR is currently the most sensitive and rapid method to detect extra pulmonary Mycobacterium tuberculosis.5-7 We used as a new target TRC4, which was cloned and characterized previously in our laboratory (10). TRC4 is a conserved repetitive element with specificity for M. tuberculosis complex. The aim of this paper was to compare the efficiency of a PCR with a target chosen from this cloned fragment with that of a PCR with the widely used IS6110sequence in detecting M. tuberculosis in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from patients with meningitis. Materials and methods
{"title":"Diagnosis of tuberculosis meningitis by using Trc4 and Is6110 primers in Bangladesh","authors":"Abu Naser Ibne Sattar, Sanjida Khondakar Setu, Towfique Hasan Firoz, S. Islam","doi":"10.15406/jmen.2019.07.00229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/jmen.2019.07.00229","url":null,"abstract":"Tuberculosis (TB) is a highly prevalent global human infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). One-third of the world’s population is infected with latent TB. Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) can occur as the sole manifestation of TB or concurrent with pulmonary or other extra pulmonary sites of infection.1,2 Tuberculosis (TB) is the major cause of death worldwide and is due to a single pathogen.3 TB meningitis in particular owes their existence to unsuspected, undiagnosed, or incompletely treated in the community. Mortality due to TB occurs mainly due to the neural form of TB, namely, TB meningitis. Delay in diagnosis and so in the start of effective treatment results in poor prognosis and sequalae in up to 25% of cases.4 Prompt diagnosis is critical for initiating appropriate therapy and facilitating measures to prevent dissemination of this highly contagious disease. The prevalence of TB meningitis remains largely underestimated because clinical manifestations are nonspecific in early stages of the disease and bacteriologic confirmation is available only for a small proportion of patients. Also, clinical diagnosis of TB meningitis is difficult due to its varied clinical presentations. Further, routinely used tests employed for clinical diagnosis of TB are inadequate to detect extrapulmonary forms of TB like TB meningitis. PCR is currently the most sensitive and rapid method to detect extra pulmonary Mycobacterium tuberculosis.5-7 We used as a new target TRC4, which was cloned and characterized previously in our laboratory (10). TRC4 is a conserved repetitive element with specificity for M. tuberculosis complex. The aim of this paper was to compare the efficiency of a PCR with a target chosen from this cloned fragment with that of a PCR with the widely used IS6110sequence in detecting M. tuberculosis in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from patients with meningitis. Materials and methods","PeriodicalId":91326,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology & experimentation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43169938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.15406/jmen.2019.07.00269
B. Eduardo, Corona-Nava Ana Karen, Martínez-Orozco José Arturo, Flores-Perez Elia Maria, Jimenez-Martinez Maria Elena, Mireles-Davalos Christian Daniel, S. Ángel, Ruiz Santillán Danna Patricia, Santillan Segura Francisco Javier
Blood Stream Infections (BSI) represent an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Most treatment decisions in these cases are made taking into consideration the results of blood cultures, which has been the most important diagnostic procedure to identify the causal agent when there is a clinical suspicion of BSI. However, there is a significant delay in results when conventional methods like these are performed.1 This diagnostic method, based on the isolation of a microorganism and its identification and susceptibility test using standard biochemical techniques, is a process that can generally take from 48 to 72 hrs, and whose performance is variable. If 2 to 4 samples are obtained (40 to 80 ml of blood) before starting antimicrobial treatment, an etiological agent is detected in 80 to 96% of cases.2 In patients with bacteremia, which frequently causes sepsis and septic shock, an early and appropriate administration of antimicrobial treatments affects directly in the patient’s prognosis.3,4 an inadequate treatment can duplicate mortality, which also increases a 7,6% each hour that therapy adjustment is delayed.5,6
{"title":"Comparison of multiplex PCR against blood cultures for the identification of microorganisms in a cohort of patients with bloodstream infections ","authors":"B. Eduardo, Corona-Nava Ana Karen, Martínez-Orozco José Arturo, Flores-Perez Elia Maria, Jimenez-Martinez Maria Elena, Mireles-Davalos Christian Daniel, S. Ángel, Ruiz Santillán Danna Patricia, Santillan Segura Francisco Javier","doi":"10.15406/jmen.2019.07.00269","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/jmen.2019.07.00269","url":null,"abstract":"Blood Stream Infections (BSI) represent an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Most treatment decisions in these cases are made taking into consideration the results of blood cultures, which has been the most important diagnostic procedure to identify the causal agent when there is a clinical suspicion of BSI. However, there is a significant delay in results when conventional methods like these are performed.1 This diagnostic method, based on the isolation of a microorganism and its identification and susceptibility test using standard biochemical techniques, is a process that can generally take from 48 to 72 hrs, and whose performance is variable. If 2 to 4 samples are obtained (40 to 80 ml of blood) before starting antimicrobial treatment, an etiological agent is detected in 80 to 96% of cases.2 In patients with bacteremia, which frequently causes sepsis and septic shock, an early and appropriate administration of antimicrobial treatments affects directly in the patient’s prognosis.3,4 an inadequate treatment can duplicate mortality, which also increases a 7,6% each hour that therapy adjustment is delayed.5,6","PeriodicalId":91326,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology & experimentation","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67077337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.15406/jmen.2019.07.00267
F. Omoya, Taiwo Folayele Oyebola
Malaria is one of the world’s leading epidemic widely spread in tropical and subtropical areas.1 The disease kills 1 million people worldwide annually, and an estimated 700,000 of them are children.2 Malaria is said to kill a child every 30 seconds, since with the onset of severe malaria, death may occur within 24 h or less.3 In Nigeria, malaria accounts for 30%-50% morbidity and 25% mortality in infants (Idowu et al., 2010). According to world malaria report 2017, Nigeria accounted for the highest proportion of global malaria cases (27%).4 During the past 30 years, malaria parasites especially Plasmodium falciparum (P. falciparum) have rapidly developed resistance to commonly used antimalarial drugs.5 Due to the fact that effective vaccine to control malaria has not been successfully developed, hence antimalarial drugs are mainly focused. This has prompted research towards the development and discovery of new, safe, and affordable antimalarial chemotherapies. During last decade, several demonstrations have been conducted to explore antimalarial activity of many plants, including curcumin,6,7 green tea8 and others.9
疟疾是世界上主要的流行病之一，广泛传播于热带和亚热带地区全世界每年有100万人死于这种疾病，其中估计有70万是儿童据说每30秒就有一名儿童死于疟疾，因为严重疟疾发病后，可在24小时或更短时间内死亡在尼日利亚，疟疾占婴儿发病率的30%-50%和死亡率的25% (Idowu et al.， 2010)。根据《2017年世界疟疾报告》，尼日利亚在全球疟疾病例中所占比例最高(27%)在过去的30年里，疟疾寄生虫，特别是恶性疟原虫(P. falciparum)迅速对常用的抗疟疾药物产生了耐药性由于控制疟疾的有效疫苗尚未成功开发，因此抗疟药物是重点。这促使研究朝着开发和发现新的、安全和负担得起的抗疟疾化疗的方向发展。在过去的十年中，许多植物的抗疟活性已经进行了一些研究，包括姜黄素、绿茶等
{"title":"Antiplasmodial activity of stem bark and leaves of Alstonia boonei (De Wild)","authors":"F. Omoya, Taiwo Folayele Oyebola","doi":"10.15406/jmen.2019.07.00267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/jmen.2019.07.00267","url":null,"abstract":"Malaria is one of the world’s leading epidemic widely spread in tropical and subtropical areas.1 The disease kills 1 million people worldwide annually, and an estimated 700,000 of them are children.2 Malaria is said to kill a child every 30 seconds, since with the onset of severe malaria, death may occur within 24 h or less.3 In Nigeria, malaria accounts for 30%-50% morbidity and 25% mortality in infants (Idowu et al., 2010). According to world malaria report 2017, Nigeria accounted for the highest proportion of global malaria cases (27%).4 During the past 30 years, malaria parasites especially Plasmodium falciparum (P. falciparum) have rapidly developed resistance to commonly used antimalarial drugs.5 Due to the fact that effective vaccine to control malaria has not been successfully developed, hence antimalarial drugs are mainly focused. This has prompted research towards the development and discovery of new, safe, and affordable antimalarial chemotherapies. During last decade, several demonstrations have been conducted to explore antimalarial activity of many plants, including curcumin,6,7 green tea8 and others.9","PeriodicalId":91326,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology & experimentation","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67077297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-27DOI: 10.15406/jmen.2018.06.00225
S. Wood
human genome and the possibilities of cutting out and replacing those pieces of the human genome that carry illness and disease. As can be anticipated, ethical issues abound as one contemplates moving in this direction. We give tribute to those who were the first to discover ways to transfer genetic material, but also greatly acknowledge all who have contributed to the efforts in genetic engineering of bacteria through the years, both preceding and following all major discoveries. Herbert Boyer and Stanley Cohen first accomplished genetic engineering as the direct transfer of DNA from one organism to another in 1972. Development work in this area led through the years to the first description of what would later be called CRISPR. It came from researcher Yoshizumi Ishino and his colleagues in 1987 at Osaka University. They accidentally cloned part of a CRISPR gene region together with the iap gene, their target of interest. Then most recently, the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office decided to grant two new CRISPR patents to UC Berkeley, home of Jennifer Doudna, a biochemist who many consider the creator of CRISPR, giving her legal ownership of the unique invention.
{"title":"CRISPR technology-a brave new world for microbes","authors":"S. Wood","doi":"10.15406/jmen.2018.06.00225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/jmen.2018.06.00225","url":null,"abstract":"human genome and the possibilities of cutting out and replacing those pieces of the human genome that carry illness and disease. As can be anticipated, ethical issues abound as one contemplates moving in this direction. We give tribute to those who were the first to discover ways to transfer genetic material, but also greatly acknowledge all who have contributed to the efforts in genetic engineering of bacteria through the years, both preceding and following all major discoveries. Herbert Boyer and Stanley Cohen first accomplished genetic engineering as the direct transfer of DNA from one organism to another in 1972. Development work in this area led through the years to the first description of what would later be called CRISPR. It came from researcher Yoshizumi Ishino and his colleagues in 1987 at Osaka University. They accidentally cloned part of a CRISPR gene region together with the iap gene, their target of interest. Then most recently, the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office decided to grant two new CRISPR patents to UC Berkeley, home of Jennifer Doudna, a biochemist who many consider the creator of CRISPR, giving her legal ownership of the unique invention.","PeriodicalId":91326,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology & experimentation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48980012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-26DOI: 10.15406/jmen.2018.06.00224
R. Giles, Luis J Barrios Babilonia, D. G. Vargas, Juan G Abreu Ramos, Carlos A Betancourt Velez, Eliseo A Lebron Burgos, Arnaldo J Roman Acevedo, Omar M Zayas Cruz, Jeffrey C. Zackeru
{"title":"Bioprospecting filamentous fungi from Puerto Rico for biotechnological applications ","authors":"R. Giles, Luis J Barrios Babilonia, D. G. Vargas, Juan G Abreu Ramos, Carlos A Betancourt Velez, Eliseo A Lebron Burgos, Arnaldo J Roman Acevedo, Omar M Zayas Cruz, Jeffrey C. Zackeru","doi":"10.15406/jmen.2018.06.00224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/jmen.2018.06.00224","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":91326,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology & experimentation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46336983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-05DOI: 10.15406/jmen.2018.06.00223
N. Yadav, Divjot Kour, Ajar Nath Yadav
cold environments,7‒10 acidic/alkaline soil,11,12 drought13‒15 and plant associated.16‒20 Microbes play central roles in regulating elemental cycles like carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur. Lake is an area which is filled with water and surrounded by land. It is localized in a basin, apart from any river or other outlet that serves to feed or drain the lake. Microbiome varies among lakes with different environmental variables.
{"title":"Microbiomes of freshwater lake ecosystems ","authors":"N. Yadav, Divjot Kour, Ajar Nath Yadav","doi":"10.15406/jmen.2018.06.00223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/jmen.2018.06.00223","url":null,"abstract":"cold environments,7‒10 acidic/alkaline soil,11,12 drought13‒15 and plant associated.16‒20 Microbes play central roles in regulating elemental cycles like carbon, nitrogen, and sulfur. Lake is an area which is filled with water and surrounded by land. It is localized in a basin, apart from any river or other outlet that serves to feed or drain the lake. Microbiome varies among lakes with different environmental variables.","PeriodicalId":91326,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology & experimentation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45261539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-05DOI: 10.15406/jmen.2018.06.00222
H. Usman, A. Farouq, A. Baki, N. Abdulkadir, G. Mustapha
The color determines the acceptance of a product and has paramount influence on human life. Many synthetic colors used in foodstuff, dyestuff, cosmetics and pharmaceutical manufacturing pose various hazardous effects like allergies, tumor, cancer and severe damages to the vital organs.1 Moreover, the effluent of synthetic dyes poses series threat to the environment conservation. Consequently, many synthetic colors have been banned due to their toxicological problems. With the increasing awareness about the toxic effects of synthetic colors and consumer safety, there is an increasing interest in the development of colors from natural sources.2 Pigments are the chemical substances that absorb the light of visible region. They produced color because of the chromophore, a molecule specific structure which captures the sun energy and causes an excitation of electron from external orbital to higher orbital, where the non-absorbed energy is refracted or reflected to be captured by eye.3 As the present trend throughout the world is shifting towards the use of eco-friendly and biodegradable commodities, the demand for natural colorants is increasing day by day. Natural pigments are sourced from ores, insects, plants and microbes. Among microbes, bacteria have immense potential to produced diverse bio-products and one such bio-product is pigments. Biopigments produced from microorganisms are preferred over those from plants because of their stability4 and availability for cultivation throughout the year.5 Bacterial pigment production is now one of the emerging field of research to demonstrate its potential for various industrial applications.6 Most of the bacterial pigment production is still at the R&D stage. Hence, work on the bacterial pigments should be intensified especially in finding cheap and suitable growth medium which can reduce the cost and increase its applicability for industrial production.7 Materials and methods
{"title":"Production and characterization of orange pigment produced by Halophilic bacterium Salinococcus roseus isolated from Abattoir soil","authors":"H. Usman, A. Farouq, A. Baki, N. Abdulkadir, G. Mustapha","doi":"10.15406/jmen.2018.06.00222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/jmen.2018.06.00222","url":null,"abstract":"The color determines the acceptance of a product and has paramount influence on human life. Many synthetic colors used in foodstuff, dyestuff, cosmetics and pharmaceutical manufacturing pose various hazardous effects like allergies, tumor, cancer and severe damages to the vital organs.1 Moreover, the effluent of synthetic dyes poses series threat to the environment conservation. Consequently, many synthetic colors have been banned due to their toxicological problems. With the increasing awareness about the toxic effects of synthetic colors and consumer safety, there is an increasing interest in the development of colors from natural sources.2 Pigments are the chemical substances that absorb the light of visible region. They produced color because of the chromophore, a molecule specific structure which captures the sun energy and causes an excitation of electron from external orbital to higher orbital, where the non-absorbed energy is refracted or reflected to be captured by eye.3 As the present trend throughout the world is shifting towards the use of eco-friendly and biodegradable commodities, the demand for natural colorants is increasing day by day. Natural pigments are sourced from ores, insects, plants and microbes. Among microbes, bacteria have immense potential to produced diverse bio-products and one such bio-product is pigments. Biopigments produced from microorganisms are preferred over those from plants because of their stability4 and availability for cultivation throughout the year.5 Bacterial pigment production is now one of the emerging field of research to demonstrate its potential for various industrial applications.6 Most of the bacterial pigment production is still at the R&D stage. Hence, work on the bacterial pigments should be intensified especially in finding cheap and suitable growth medium which can reduce the cost and increase its applicability for industrial production.7 Materials and methods","PeriodicalId":91326,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology & experimentation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47067033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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