Pub Date : 2019-08-30DOI: 10.15406/jmen.2019.07.00262
J. Jimenez, M. Reyes-Reyes, J. Martínez-Cruz, Indira Valdivia-Torres, A. Gutiérrez-Velázquez, C. González-Gándara
The study of migrations can give us the key for determining changes in avian communities during global events such as El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon. For this reason, changes in bird migration patterns were addressed through non-parametric analysis of variance and temporal and beta diversity correlations during an ENSO event at Barra Norte Beach (BN) in Tuxpan, Ver., Mexico. The diversity of birds change from 53 species before the anomalies to 66 during the ENSO event, this gradient of change occurred to the diversity of migratory birds (from 21 to 32). These results may be an evidence that the high impact ENSO anomalies can modify bird migration patterns, which is supported by differences in medians richness (especially in migratory birds) as well as by positive and significant values in correlations in beta and alpha diversity. Finally, we conclude that the migratory route of Gulf of Mexico can serve as an alternative for the migration of birds during events such as ENSO phenomenon.
对迁徙的研究可以为我们确定厄尔Niño南方涛动(ENSO)现象等全球性事件中鸟类群落的变化提供关键。为此，通过非参数方差分析、时间和beta多样性相关性分析，研究了图斯班Barra Norte Beach (BN)一次ENSO事件中鸟类迁徙模式的变化。、墨西哥。鸟类多样性从异常前的53种增加到ENSO事件后的66种，候鸟多样性也呈现出这种梯度变化(从21种增加到32种)。这些结果可能是高影响ENSO异常可以改变鸟类迁徙模式的证据，这得到了中值丰富度差异(特别是候鸟)以及β和α多样性正相关的显著值的支持。最后，我们得出结论，墨西哥湾的迁徙路线可以作为鸟类在ENSO现象等事件中迁徙的另一种选择。
{"title":"Evidence of change in migratory patterns of the ornithofauna in a coastal locality of the Gulf of Mexico during an ENSO event","authors":"J. Jimenez, M. Reyes-Reyes, J. Martínez-Cruz, Indira Valdivia-Torres, A. Gutiérrez-Velázquez, C. González-Gándara","doi":"10.15406/jmen.2019.07.00262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/jmen.2019.07.00262","url":null,"abstract":"The study of migrations can give us the key for determining changes in avian communities during global events such as El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon. For this reason, changes in bird migration patterns were addressed through non-parametric analysis of variance and temporal and beta diversity correlations during an ENSO event at Barra Norte Beach (BN) in Tuxpan, Ver., Mexico. The diversity of birds change from 53 species before the anomalies to 66 during the ENSO event, this gradient of change occurred to the diversity of migratory birds (from 21 to 32). These results may be an evidence that the high impact ENSO anomalies can modify bird migration patterns, which is supported by differences in medians richness (especially in migratory birds) as well as by positive and significant values in correlations in beta and alpha diversity. Finally, we conclude that the migratory route of Gulf of Mexico can serve as an alternative for the migration of birds during events such as ENSO phenomenon.","PeriodicalId":91326,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology & experimentation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47553671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-17DOI: 10.15406/jmen.2019.07.00261
V. Ranganathan, C. Akhila
The oral cavity of humans and animals is a perfect ecological niche for a range of microbial agents and some of these are capable of inflicting severe clinical conditions. These clinical conditions can lead to manifestations which could escort dire consequences. It could in fact be claimed that the major vicinity of the oral facet has been dominated by several microorganisms. Niches like teeth, gingival sulcus, tongue, cheeks, hard and soft palates, and tonsils are prime spots for the microbes to reside. In fact these areas are dominated by certain species of bacteria and one of the prime contenders that invade these oral areas is Streptococcus species. Among these species, S. mutans are widely regarded as one of the most dominant agent.1,2 Several demonstrative attempts and scientific studies have validated that the oral cavity harbors a plethora of microbial agents of many Streptococci species and it is undeniable fact that many of these species share some common facets. These features could range from their habitat to their feeding habits and their basic mode of survival.3
{"title":"Streptococcus mutans: has it become prime perpetrator for oral manifestations?","authors":"V. Ranganathan, C. Akhila","doi":"10.15406/jmen.2019.07.00261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/jmen.2019.07.00261","url":null,"abstract":"The oral cavity of humans and animals is a perfect ecological niche for a range of microbial agents and some of these are capable of inflicting severe clinical conditions. These clinical conditions can lead to manifestations which could escort dire consequences. It could in fact be claimed that the major vicinity of the oral facet has been dominated by several microorganisms. Niches like teeth, gingival sulcus, tongue, cheeks, hard and soft palates, and tonsils are prime spots for the microbes to reside. In fact these areas are dominated by certain species of bacteria and one of the prime contenders that invade these oral areas is Streptococcus species. Among these species, S. mutans are widely regarded as one of the most dominant agent.1,2 Several demonstrative attempts and scientific studies have validated that the oral cavity harbors a plethora of microbial agents of many Streptococci species and it is undeniable fact that many of these species share some common facets. These features could range from their habitat to their feeding habits and their basic mode of survival.3","PeriodicalId":91326,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology & experimentation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47168941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-11DOI: 10.15406/jmen.2019.07.00260
S. Shatzmiller, Galina M. Zats, I. Lapidot, R. Krieger
The human microbiota consists of 10-100 trillion symbiotic microbial cells that each person receives, especially intestinal bacteria; Human microbiology consists of the genes found in these cells. Microbial projects around the world have been launched to understand the roles played by this symbiosis and their impact on human health. Just like the question, “What is it to be human?”, There are disturbing people from the beginning of recorded history, the question, “What is the human microbiome?” Some researchers have been troubled since the term was coined by Joshua Lederberg in 2001.
{"title":"The microbiome and incurable diseases: discussion review","authors":"S. Shatzmiller, Galina M. Zats, I. Lapidot, R. Krieger","doi":"10.15406/jmen.2019.07.00260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/jmen.2019.07.00260","url":null,"abstract":"The human microbiota consists of 10-100 trillion symbiotic microbial cells that each person receives, especially intestinal bacteria; Human microbiology consists of the genes found in these cells. Microbial projects around the world have been launched to understand the roles played by this symbiosis and their impact on human health. Just like the question, “What is it to be human?”, There are disturbing people from the beginning of recorded history, the question, “What is the human microbiome?” Some researchers have been troubled since the term was coined by Joshua Lederberg in 2001.","PeriodicalId":91326,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology & experimentation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41833391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-05DOI: 10.15406/jmen.2019.07.00259
Osama A. Al-Bedak, R. Mohamed, Heba H. Elsalahy
Fusarium wilt is a common vascular wilt disease caused by some species of Fusarium, of which Fusarium oxysporum is considered as the prime perpetrator of wilt disease .1 It classified, according to the host plant, into forma specialis and survives in a wide range of environments such as arctic, tropical, desert, cultivated and noncultivated soil,2 and spread by different ways such as water splash, planting equipment, transplanting of the infected plant and infected seeds). Fusarium oxysporum exhibits wide spectrum of pathogenicity against many hosts (ex. tomato, tobacco, lupine, cucurbits, sweet potatoes, and banana) at any stage of the plant life cycle.2 Fusarium oxysporum produces symptoms similar to that of Verticillium species (wilt, chlorosis, necrosis, premature leaf drop, discoloration of the vascular system, stunting, and damping-off).
{"title":"Rapid histochemical staining method visualizing the role of Fusarium oxysporum catalase in xylem embolism formation and lupine wilt","authors":"Osama A. Al-Bedak, R. Mohamed, Heba H. Elsalahy","doi":"10.15406/jmen.2019.07.00259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/jmen.2019.07.00259","url":null,"abstract":"Fusarium wilt is a common vascular wilt disease caused by some species of Fusarium, of which Fusarium oxysporum is considered as the prime perpetrator of wilt disease .1 It classified, according to the host plant, into forma specialis and survives in a wide range of environments such as arctic, tropical, desert, cultivated and noncultivated soil,2 and spread by different ways such as water splash, planting equipment, transplanting of the infected plant and infected seeds). Fusarium oxysporum exhibits wide spectrum of pathogenicity against many hosts (ex. tomato, tobacco, lupine, cucurbits, sweet potatoes, and banana) at any stage of the plant life cycle.2 Fusarium oxysporum produces symptoms similar to that of Verticillium species (wilt, chlorosis, necrosis, premature leaf drop, discoloration of the vascular system, stunting, and damping-off).","PeriodicalId":91326,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology & experimentation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42888326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-26DOI: 10.15406/jmen.2019.07.00257
H. Anan
Twenty small benthic foraminiferal species of the Rotaliid genus Pleurostomella are common in the late Cretaceous and Paleogene from some Tethyan localities: North Atlantic (USA, Mexico, Caribbean), Europe (France, Poland, Italy, Hungaria, Bulgaria, North Sea), North Africa (Tunisia, Egypt), Southwest Asia (Iraq, UAE), Indian Ocean (Pakistan) and Southern Ocean. Seventeen well-known diagnostic species are: Pleurostomella acuta, P. alternans, P. austinana, P. bellardii, P. brevis, P. clavata, P. cubensis, P. eocaena, P. incrassata, P. naranjoensis, P. nitida, P. nuttalli, P. obtusa, P. paleocenica, P. subnodosa, P. velascoensis, P. watersi. Moreover, three other species of Pleurostomella are believed here to be new: (1) the Maastrichtian P. osmani n. sp. is recorded from Abu Zenima section, east Gulf of Suez, west central Sinai, northern Egypt, (2) the Paleocene P. plummerae n. sp. was recorded from the Midway Formation in Texas (USA), and (3) the Eocene P. haquei n. sp. was recorded from Quetta District, West Pakistan.
{"title":"On the variability of benthic foraminiferal species of the genus Pleurostomella in the Tethys","authors":"H. Anan","doi":"10.15406/jmen.2019.07.00257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/jmen.2019.07.00257","url":null,"abstract":"Twenty small benthic foraminiferal species of the Rotaliid genus Pleurostomella are common in the late Cretaceous and Paleogene from some Tethyan localities: North Atlantic (USA, Mexico, Caribbean), Europe (France, Poland, Italy, Hungaria, Bulgaria, North Sea), North Africa (Tunisia, Egypt), Southwest Asia (Iraq, UAE), Indian Ocean (Pakistan) and Southern Ocean. Seventeen well-known diagnostic species are: Pleurostomella acuta, P. alternans, P. austinana, P. bellardii, P. brevis, P. clavata, P. cubensis, P. eocaena, P. incrassata, P. naranjoensis, P. nitida, P. nuttalli, P. obtusa, P. paleocenica, P. subnodosa, P. velascoensis, P. watersi. Moreover, three other species of Pleurostomella are believed here to be new: (1) the Maastrichtian P. osmani n. sp. is recorded from Abu Zenima section, east Gulf of Suez, west central Sinai, northern Egypt, (2) the Paleocene P. plummerae n. sp. was recorded from the Midway Formation in Texas (USA), and (3) the Eocene P. haquei n. sp. was recorded from Quetta District, West Pakistan.","PeriodicalId":91326,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology & experimentation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45266602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-21DOI: 10.15406/jmen.2019.07.00256
M. Asakawa, Masayoshi Kakogawa, M. Onuma, R. Kirisawa
{"title":"Countermeasures for avian influenza outbreaks among captive avian collections at zoological gardens and aquariums in Japan","authors":"M. Asakawa, Masayoshi Kakogawa, M. Onuma, R. Kirisawa","doi":"10.15406/jmen.2019.07.00256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/jmen.2019.07.00256","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":91326,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology & experimentation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48176332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hepatitis C is an inflammatory process in the liver which is characterized by diffuse hepatocellular necrosis. In addition to viral, bacterial and fungal agents, hepatitis can also be caused by drugs, chemicals and toxins.1 Hepatitis C is an infectious disease caused by the hepatitis C virus (HCV) that primarily affects the liver.2 During the initial infection people often show mild or no symptoms. Occasionally a fever, dark urine, abdominal pain, and yellow tinged skin occur. The virus persists in the liver in about 75% to 85% of those initially infected. Early chronic infection typically has no symptoms. Over many years however, it often leads to liver disease and occasionally cirrhosis.3 In some cases, those with cirrhosis will develop complications such as liver failure, liver cancer, or esophageal and gastric varices.2 HCV is spread primarily by blood-to-blood contact associated with intravenous drug use, poorly sterilized medical equipment, needle stick injuries in healthcare, and transfusions.3,4 With blood screening for HCV, the risk from a transfusion is less than one per two million.3 It can also be spread from an infected mother to her baby during birth.3 It is not spread by superficial contact.5 It is one of five known hepatitis viruses: A, B, C, D, and E.6 Diagnosis is by blood test to check for either antibodies to the virus or its RNA. Test is recommended for all people who are at risk.3
{"title":"Antibiogram and plasmid profiling of resistance bacteria isolated from the blood of Hepatitis C Virus positive individuals","authors":"Akande Eb, Abodunrin Tf, Oladejo Bo, Oladunmoye Mk","doi":"10.15406/jmen.2019.07.00255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/jmen.2019.07.00255","url":null,"abstract":"Hepatitis C is an inflammatory process in the liver which is characterized by diffuse hepatocellular necrosis. In addition to viral, bacterial and fungal agents, hepatitis can also be caused by drugs, chemicals and toxins.1 Hepatitis C is an infectious disease caused by the hepatitis C virus (HCV) that primarily affects the liver.2 During the initial infection people often show mild or no symptoms. Occasionally a fever, dark urine, abdominal pain, and yellow tinged skin occur. The virus persists in the liver in about 75% to 85% of those initially infected. Early chronic infection typically has no symptoms. Over many years however, it often leads to liver disease and occasionally cirrhosis.3 In some cases, those with cirrhosis will develop complications such as liver failure, liver cancer, or esophageal and gastric varices.2 HCV is spread primarily by blood-to-blood contact associated with intravenous drug use, poorly sterilized medical equipment, needle stick injuries in healthcare, and transfusions.3,4 With blood screening for HCV, the risk from a transfusion is less than one per two million.3 It can also be spread from an infected mother to her baby during birth.3 It is not spread by superficial contact.5 It is one of five known hepatitis viruses: A, B, C, D, and E.6 Diagnosis is by blood test to check for either antibodies to the virus or its RNA. Test is recommended for all people who are at risk.3","PeriodicalId":91326,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology & experimentation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46551551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-07DOI: 10.15406/jmen.2019.07.00254
Asaad Mohammed A Ataa
Garlic is one amongst the edible plants that has generated a great deal of interest throughout human history as a medicinal panacea. A wide range of microorganisms including, bacteria, fungi, protozoa and viruses have been shown to be sensitive to crushed garlic preparations. Moreover, garlic has been reported to cut back blood lipids and to own metastatic tumour effects. Chemical Analyses of garlic cloves have unconcealed an uncommon concentration of sulfurcontaining compounds (1-3%).1,2 search of the medical database at the National Library of Medicine in the USA reveals that garlic is top of the league for published research papers that cover a wide variety of disease conditions, the most prevalent of which are its significant antimicrobial properties.3 Products have created giant contributions to human health and well-being. the inexperienced pharmacy might become the bottom for the event of medicines by providing a pharmacophore that might be used for the event of the latest drug with novel mechanisms of action.4 Garlic (Allium sativum) could be a common spice used for seasoned and has been historically fashionable robust folkloric awareness. it’s the edible bulb of lily family, Liliaceae. It contains aromatic sulfur based mostly compounds, that contribute to the characteristic odor and style. Antimicrobial activity of garlic is attributed to its key component Allicin.5 The YEMECIN antibiotic this is new antibiotic it’s discovery in Yemen which were this antibiotic showed effect of eliminating most microbes (bacteria and fungi) and that effect more than some antibiotic.6
{"title":"Effect of YEMECIN antibiotic on bacteria gram positive Streptococcus mutans, Staphylococcus albus and gram negative E. coli, Salmonella typhi","authors":"Asaad Mohammed A Ataa","doi":"10.15406/jmen.2019.07.00254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/jmen.2019.07.00254","url":null,"abstract":"Garlic is one amongst the edible plants that has generated a great deal of interest throughout human history as a medicinal panacea. A wide range of microorganisms including, bacteria, fungi, protozoa and viruses have been shown to be sensitive to crushed garlic preparations. Moreover, garlic has been reported to cut back blood lipids and to own metastatic tumour effects. Chemical Analyses of garlic cloves have unconcealed an uncommon concentration of sulfurcontaining compounds (1-3%).1,2 search of the medical database at the National Library of Medicine in the USA reveals that garlic is top of the league for published research papers that cover a wide variety of disease conditions, the most prevalent of which are its significant antimicrobial properties.3 Products have created giant contributions to human health and well-being. the inexperienced pharmacy might become the bottom for the event of medicines by providing a pharmacophore that might be used for the event of the latest drug with novel mechanisms of action.4 Garlic (Allium sativum) could be a common spice used for seasoned and has been historically fashionable robust folkloric awareness. it’s the edible bulb of lily family, Liliaceae. It contains aromatic sulfur based mostly compounds, that contribute to the characteristic odor and style. Antimicrobial activity of garlic is attributed to its key component Allicin.5 The YEMECIN antibiotic this is new antibiotic it’s discovery in Yemen which were this antibiotic showed effect of eliminating most microbes (bacteria and fungi) and that effect more than some antibiotic.6","PeriodicalId":91326,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology & experimentation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43745343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-30DOI: 10.15406/jmen.2019.07.00253
A. Karami
An outbreak of tularemia or plague like syndrome occurred in the province of Sistan and Balochistan of Iran, from May to June 2007. Tularemia and plague had not been reported in this region for last 100 years and before. Thirteen eight cases were identified with ulcer glandular syndrome dominant to all cases with age from children to elderly ages. With fatality rate of 26% and death of 8 patient that have been reported by villagers very late, all other patients and new cases recovered after antibiotic therapy and other heath measures to prevent the spread of diseases. Targeted chemoprophylaxis, sanitation, and vector control played a crucial role in controlling the outbreak. Coco bacillus like agents was isolated from the blood samples of the patients. Epidemiologic, microbiological and molecular analysis of samples findings suggested the possible existence of a local animal reservoir, food or water contamination during this period, but its origin could not be determined. This sudden and unexpected reemergence of tularemia or plague like disease in this province with no background history of rodents or other animal death from the disease or any human cases is important for molecular epidemiology and root finding.
{"title":"Molecular detection and identification of fatal infectious agent, isolated from patients in an outbreak occurred in Sistan & Balochistan province of Iran","authors":"A. Karami","doi":"10.15406/jmen.2019.07.00253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/jmen.2019.07.00253","url":null,"abstract":"An outbreak of tularemia or plague like syndrome occurred in the province of Sistan and Balochistan of Iran, from May to June 2007. Tularemia and plague had not been reported in this region for last 100 years and before. Thirteen eight cases were identified with ulcer glandular syndrome dominant to all cases with age from children to elderly ages. With fatality rate of 26% and death of 8 patient that have been reported by villagers very late, all other patients and new cases recovered after antibiotic therapy and other heath measures to prevent the spread of diseases. Targeted chemoprophylaxis, sanitation, and vector control played a crucial role in controlling the outbreak. Coco bacillus like agents was isolated from the blood samples of the patients. Epidemiologic, microbiological and molecular analysis of samples findings suggested the possible existence of a local animal reservoir, food or water contamination during this period, but its origin could not be determined. This sudden and unexpected reemergence of tularemia or plague like disease in this province with no background history of rodents or other animal death from the disease or any human cases is important for molecular epidemiology and root finding.","PeriodicalId":91326,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology & experimentation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47387135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-26DOI: 10.15406/jmen.2019.07.00252
C. Qian, Z. Hao, Xiaomeng Wang, Bin Xue
Microbial mineralization refers to the formation of inorganic minerals by action of microorganisms.1,2 The earliest study in this field could be traced back to the 19th century, where early aquatic and soil microbiologists carried out pioneering studies of non-medical microbial processes in soils, sediments and waters, opening the door to the empire of environmental microbiology, microbial ecology, geological microbiology and microbial geochemistry.3,4 In 1838, for the first time Ehrenberg5 explored the close relationship between ochre iron deposits in swamps and Gallionella ferruginea, investigating the important role of these bacteria in the formation of such sediments. In 1890, Muentz6 started to probe into the action process of bacteria in rock weathering and soil formation, which initiated the study of microbial weathering. Afterwards, Beijerinck7 discovered that microbes were involved in the oxidation and deposition of Mn in nature in 1931, who didn’t come singly but in pairs when Woksman8 reported that the microbial metabolites participated in geological processes, such as nitrifying bacteria, lichens, fungi and other acid-producing microorganisms in 1932. In many studies so far,9–11 it is believed that there are two main forms of microbial mineralization: one is BIM (bacteria-induced mineralization), generally nucleate and grow out of cells. The metabolites secreted by organisms are transported to the extracellular and react with ions and compounds in the environment, causing changes in pH-Eh in the solution or environment, leading to mineral deposition. The second is BCM (bacteria-controlled mineralization). Microorganism cells determine the form of mineral formation.12,13 In BCM, minerals are usually deposited inside the organic matrix or vesicles of biological cells, allowing organisms to control the nucleation and growth of minerals significantly, thus influencing the composition and size of mineralization. In cementbased materials, microbial mineralization is mainly used to repair cracks.14 In this study, the mechanism of microbial mineralization in the pores of cement-based materials and its effects on the pore structure were identified by the help of a numerical simulation of gradient mineralization.
{"title":"Mechanism of bacteria controlling gradient mineralization at surface layer of cement-based materials","authors":"C. Qian, Z. Hao, Xiaomeng Wang, Bin Xue","doi":"10.15406/jmen.2019.07.00252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/jmen.2019.07.00252","url":null,"abstract":"Microbial mineralization refers to the formation of inorganic minerals by action of microorganisms.1,2 The earliest study in this field could be traced back to the 19th century, where early aquatic and soil microbiologists carried out pioneering studies of non-medical microbial processes in soils, sediments and waters, opening the door to the empire of environmental microbiology, microbial ecology, geological microbiology and microbial geochemistry.3,4 In 1838, for the first time Ehrenberg5 explored the close relationship between ochre iron deposits in swamps and Gallionella ferruginea, investigating the important role of these bacteria in the formation of such sediments. In 1890, Muentz6 started to probe into the action process of bacteria in rock weathering and soil formation, which initiated the study of microbial weathering. Afterwards, Beijerinck7 discovered that microbes were involved in the oxidation and deposition of Mn in nature in 1931, who didn’t come singly but in pairs when Woksman8 reported that the microbial metabolites participated in geological processes, such as nitrifying bacteria, lichens, fungi and other acid-producing microorganisms in 1932. In many studies so far,9–11 it is believed that there are two main forms of microbial mineralization: one is BIM (bacteria-induced mineralization), generally nucleate and grow out of cells. The metabolites secreted by organisms are transported to the extracellular and react with ions and compounds in the environment, causing changes in pH-Eh in the solution or environment, leading to mineral deposition. The second is BCM (bacteria-controlled mineralization). Microorganism cells determine the form of mineral formation.12,13 In BCM, minerals are usually deposited inside the organic matrix or vesicles of biological cells, allowing organisms to control the nucleation and growth of minerals significantly, thus influencing the composition and size of mineralization. In cementbased materials, microbial mineralization is mainly used to repair cracks.14 In this study, the mechanism of microbial mineralization in the pores of cement-based materials and its effects on the pore structure were identified by the help of a numerical simulation of gradient mineralization.","PeriodicalId":91326,"journal":{"name":"Journal of microbiology & experimentation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47932690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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