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Digital Inclusion: Analyzing Social Media Accessibility Features for Students with Visual Impairments 数字融合:分析社交媒体对视障学生的无障碍功能
Pub Date : 2023-11-27 DOI: 10.11114/smc.v12i1.6559
M. Khasawneh
The present research endeavors to investigate the efficacy and user-friendliness of accessibility functionalities on widely used social media platforms, with a specific focus on their impact on visually impaired students in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. This research endeavor undertakes a comprehensive quantitative analysis encompassing a sample size of 150 individuals. The primary objective of this study is to investigate the perceptions surrounding the accessibility of three prominent social media platforms, namely Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram. The results of the study unveil notable disparities in the perceived efficacy ratings, with Facebook emerging as the frontrunner, closely trailed by Instagram, while Twitter falls behind in comparison. The aforementioned disparities serve to highlight the significance of conducting personalized accessibility assessments and implementing ongoing enhancements to foster a more inclusive digital environment. In light of the burgeoning progress in digital inclusion endeavors, this research endeavor serves as a commendable contribution by offering invaluable perspectives to augment the accessibility of social media platforms for individuals with visual impairments.
本研究致力于调查广泛使用的社交媒体平台上无障碍功能的有效性和用户友好性,特别关注其对沙特阿拉伯王国视障学生的影响。这项研究对 150 个样本进行了全面的定量分析。本研究的主要目的是调查人们对 Facebook、Twitter 和 Instagram 这三个著名社交媒体平台的可访问性的看法。研究结果揭示了在感知功效评级方面存在的显著差异,其中 Facebook 遥遥领先,Instagram 紧随其后,而 Twitter 则相形见绌。上述差距凸显了开展个性化无障碍评估和实施持续改进措施以营造更具包容性的数字环境的重要性。鉴于数字包容性工作取得了突飞猛进的进展,这项研究工作提供了宝贵的视角,增强了社交媒体平台对视障人士的无障碍性,是一项值得称赞的贡献。
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引用次数: 0
Politic Driving Behavior in Africa: An Investigation into Positive and Negative Politeness through Signs and Signals 非洲的政治驱动行为:通过标志和信号对积极和消极礼貌的研究
Pub Date : 2023-11-17 DOI: 10.11114/smc.v12i1.6534
M. AlAfnan
The study examines the use of nonverbal positive and negative politeness through the ‘encoding’ by ‘giving signals’ and the ‘decoding’ by ‘following signs’ of the politic-driving behavior in Africa. The thematic framework is basically based on the work of Brown and Levinson (1987) and AlAfnan (2022). The research sample included 723 drivers from 16 African countries [1]that belong to the five African regions. The examination looked into four variables that are the age, gender, level of education, and country of origin of respondents. The study found a positive correlation between education and politic driving behavior as educated drivers, especially female drivers, tend to be more cautious about their self-image and other drivers’ self-esteem than uneducated drivers. The study also reveals that age plays a significant role in following politic driving behavior as elder drivers are more polite than younger drivers, regardless of gender. The study also showed that Algerian male and female, Moroccan male and female, Tunisian male and female, and Cameroonian female drivers have the highest frequency of ‘following signs’ and that Moroccan male and female, Egyptian male, Algerian female, Tunisian male, Botswana male, and Cameroonian male drivers have the highest frequency of ‘giving signals’, which reflects their self-awareness and interest in other drivers’ self-esteem and self-worth.
本研究通过对非洲的政治驱动行为进行 "发出信号 "的 "编码 "和 "跟随信号 "的 "解码",研究非语言的积极和消极礼貌的使用。研究的主题框架主要基于 Brown 和 Levinson(1987 年)以及 AlAfnan(2022 年)的研究成果。研究样本包括来自非洲五大地区 16 个国家[1]的 723 名司机。研究考察了四个变量,即受访者的年龄、性别、教育水平和原籍国。研究发现,教育程度与政治驾驶行为之间存在正相关,因为受过教育的驾驶者,尤其是女性驾驶者,往往比未受过教育的驾驶者更注重自我形象和其他驾驶者的自尊。研究还显示,年龄对驾驶者的礼貌驾驶行为有重要影响,因为无论男女,年长驾驶者都比年轻驾驶者更有礼貌。研究还显示,阿尔及利亚男性和女性、摩洛哥男性和女性、突尼斯男性和女性以及喀麦隆女性驾驶员 "跟随标志 "的频率最高,而摩洛哥男性和女性、埃及男性、阿尔及利亚女性、突尼斯男性、博茨瓦纳男性和喀麦隆男性驾驶员 "发出信号 "的频率最高,这反映了他们的自我意识以及对其他驾驶员自尊和自我价值的关注。
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引用次数: 0
Re-humanising News: Delineating the Trends and Research Scope for Curatorial Journalism 新闻的再人性化:划定新闻策展的趋势和研究范围
Pub Date : 2023-11-16 DOI: 10.11114/smc.v12i1.6255
Kabir Upmanyu
The pivot to online news in the last two decades has had far-reaching changes in the way information is created, disseminated and consumed. One aspect of this transformation to digital has been the salience of curatorial journalism – a human-centric practice involving selection of newsworthy content, its organisation and presentation in consumable styles and formats. News curation has been pitched as an antidote to an ecosystem of information overload. While research into the practice online exists in certain contexts, it has been sparse in countries such as India. This paper reviews and synthesises contemporary literature pertaining journalistic practice and roles, news curation and its formats, digital intermediaries and structures of the digital journalism ecosystem. It thematically suggests three approaches that could be adopted by researchers to fill the gaps in the discourse around news curation : the role and identity-centric approach; format and style-centric approach; and, business and economy-centric approach. While the role and identity-centric approach emphasises on how many journalists today work as ‘information “managers”’, the format and style-centric approach delves into how curatorial products may adopt a conversationalised style to engage audiences. The question of the value proposition of curatorial products in a precarious environment is dealt with by the third approach. By placing the discussion of these approaches in the context of four curatorial offerings in the English language Indian news ecosystem, the paper highlights the vast potential of research that exists for a diverse country like India. But at the same time, these approaches would be applicable to other contexts as well, where extant research on curation has been found lacking.
过去二十年来,网络新闻的发展对信息的创造、传播和消费方式产生了深远的影响。向数字化转型的一个方面就是新闻策划的重要性--这是一种以人为本的做法,包括选择有新闻价值的内容,并以可消费的风格和格式对其进行组织和展示。新闻策划被认为是信息过载生态系统的解毒剂。虽然在某些情况下存在对在线实践的研究,但在印度等国家却很少。本文回顾并综合了有关新闻实践与角色、新闻策划及其形式、数字中介和数字新闻生态系统结构的当代文献。本文从主题上提出了三种方法,可供研究人员采用,以填补有关新闻策划讨论的空白:以角色和身份为中心的方法;以格式和风格为中心的方法;以及以商业和经济为中心的方法。以角色和身份为中心的方法强调当今许多新闻记者是如何充当 "信息'管理者'"的,而以格式和风格为中心的方法则深入探讨策展产品如何采用对话式风格来吸引受众。第三种方法探讨了策展产品在不稳定环境中的价值定位问题。通过以印度英语新闻生态系统中的四种策展产品为背景讨论这些方法,本文强调了印度这样一个多元化国家所存在的巨大研究潜力。但与此同时,这些方法也适用于其他环境,因为现有的策展研究在这些环境中是缺乏的。
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引用次数: 0
Students’ Perspectives about the Influence of Mass Media on Their English Language Acquisition in Higher Education 大学生对大众传媒对其英语学习的影响的看法
Pub Date : 2023-11-16 DOI: 10.11114/smc.v12i1.6460
Dorela Kaҫauni, Evjonda Pylli
This study collected students' viewpoints about the impact of mass media on their English language learning in higher education in Albania. Their perspectives hold significance for professors to enhance their future educational experience. The study used a questionnaire that was designed and distributed via Google Forms during the academic year in 2022 and 2023. Study participants were 56 students enrolled in the two study programs: a three-year bachelor’s study program in "English Language" and a two-year Professional master's study program for "English Teachers" within the Department of Foreign Languages at the Faculty of Education and Philology at "Fan S. Noli" University, Korҫa, Albania. Most participants used mass media to improve their English language learning. Additionally, students who used various types of mass media had a more extensive vocabulary, were more fluent in English, had higher levels of motivation, and a more positive outlook about learning the English language. Mass media transformed students from dependent passive learners to active independent learners.
本研究收集了阿尔巴尼亚高校学生关于大众传媒对其英语学习影响的观点。他们的观点对教授们提高未来教育经验具有重要意义。本研究使用了一份调查问卷,该问卷是在 2022 和 2023 学年通过谷歌表格设计和分发的。研究参与者为 56 名学生,他们分别就读于两个专业:三年制 "英语语言 "学士学位专业和两年制 "英语教师 "专业硕士学位专业,均就读于阿尔巴尼亚科里亚 "Fan S. Noli "大学教育与语言学学院外语系。大多数学员利用大众媒体来提高英语学习水平。此外,使用各种类型大众媒体的学生词汇量更大,英语更流利,学习动机更强,对英语学习的态度更积极。大众传媒使学生从依赖型被动学习者转变为主动型独立学习者。
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引用次数: 0
Utilizing Special Language in Street Crime Newsgathering in Indonesia 在印度尼西亚街头犯罪新闻采集中使用特殊语言
Pub Date : 2023-11-16 DOI: 10.11114/smc.v12i1.6129
Dono Darsono, D. Sjuchro, Ridwan Rustandi, Enjang Muhaemin
This article describes the newsgathering process among the crime journalist community in West Java, which involves the use of special symbolic languages. Using the ethnographic method, the study was conducted to collect data related to the practice of using special language, especially how crime journalists interpret it and how it functions for their profession. The results have shown that special language is not only used in the newsgathering process but also in daily interactions with fellow community members and police officers as news sources. As a result, the special language used consists of both abstract and concrete symbols. Abstract symbols encompass verbal and nonverbal forms that are embodied in numeric, phonetic, and cosmic codes. Meanwhile, concrete symbols are related to how they dress and use equipment, and how all these attributes represent them as crime journalists. This is related to the functions of special language, namely as a means of distinguishing themselves from other journalist groups. In addition, this special language also serves as a form of identity manipulation, allowing them to take on the role of the police in information gathering.
本文描述了西爪哇犯罪记者群体的新闻采集过程,其中涉及特殊符号语言的使用。研究采用人种学方法,收集了与使用特殊语言的实践有关的数据,特别是犯罪记者如何解释特殊语言以及特殊语言对其职业的作用。研究结果表明,特殊语言不仅在新闻采集过程中使用,而且在与作为新闻来源的社区成员和警察的日常互动中使用。因此,所使用的特殊语言包括抽象符号和具体符号。抽象符号包括以数字、语音和宇宙代码体现的语言和非语言形式。而具体符号则与他们如何着装和使用装备有关,以及所有这些属性如何代表他们作为犯罪记者的身份。这与特殊语言的功能有关,即作为区别于其他记者群体的一种手段。此外,这种特殊语言也是一种身份操纵形式,使他们能够在信息收集中扮演警察的角色。
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引用次数: 0
From Europeanisation to EU-ization: The Media Case 从欧洲化到欧盟化:媒体案例
Pub Date : 2023-11-16 DOI: 10.11114/smc.v11i7.6362
S. Papathanassopoulos, Andrea Miconi, Sara Cannizzaro
It is widely argued that the success of the European Union has delivered more than half a century of peace, stability, and prosperity in Europe, and that this is the outcome of the Europeanization process. In this paper we support the idea that although Europeanization is a fashionable concept, it is also a contested one. We consider, among others, that the main achievement of the European Union as harmonization of the regulatory frameworks among its 27 member states, is the outcome of an EU-ization process that has gradually developed in the 30 years at least. We use the case of media regulation initiated by the European Union to show that the case of EU-ization, at least in the communications landscape, seems to be the driver of the incremental engagement of the EU in the sector.
人们普遍认为,欧盟的成功为欧洲带来了半个多世纪的和平、稳定与繁荣,而这正是欧洲化进程的成果。在本文中,我们支持这样一种观点,即尽管 "欧洲化 "是一个时髦的概念,但它也是一个有争议的概念。我们认为,欧盟的主要成就是协调 27 个成员国的监管框架,这是至少 30 年来欧盟化进程逐步发展的结果。我们以欧盟发起的媒体监管为例,说明欧盟化(至少在通信领域)似乎是欧盟逐步参与该领域的驱动力。
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引用次数: 0
Examining the Effects among Motivation Needs, Satisfaction, and Instagram Continuance Intention in Malaysian Students 研究马来西亚学生的动机需求、满意度和 Instagram 持续意向之间的影响
Pub Date : 2023-11-16 DOI: 10.11114/smc.v12i1.6259
Dian Jin, Wan Anita Wan Abas, Syafila Kamarudin
While social media platforms, notably Instagram, have gained traction among university students, this study sought to understand factors influencing their continued use among a segment of Malaysian university students. The primary purpose of this study was to examine the role of satisfaction (SAT) as a mediator in the relationship between various types of motivational needs and the continued intention (CI) to use Instagram. The motivational needs under study included cognitive needs (CN), affective needs (AN), personal integrative needs (PIN), social integrative needs (SIN), and escape needs (EN). This research was built on the foundations of the Uses and Gratifications Theory (UGT) and Expectation Confirmation Theory (ECT). Using a non-probablistic sampling strategy, this study gathered data via questionnaires from a sample of 384 students from six selected universities in Klang Valley. Within the scope of the research sample, a key finding emerged: SAT notably mediates the relationship between CN, SIN, PIN, and CI. This finding illustrates the pivotal role of SAT in the context of UGT and ECT, suggesting that SAT derived from Instagram usage is a critical factor in explaining the sustained engagement of university students, based on specific motivational needs. Within the context of this study's sampled participants, this result offers insights into how SAT, influenced by distinct motivational needs, may impact the intention to continue using Instagram. In practical terms, these insights may assist social media platform developers and educational institutions in understanding and addressing the satisfaction and engagement levels of university users. Simultaneously, the quota sampling strategy employed in this study serves as a valuable model for future research in similar contexts. However, this study recommend that future research expand the sample to include a broader cross-section of Malaysian university students to enhance representativeness and generalizability.
虽然社交媒体平台,尤其是 Instagram,在大学生中获得了广泛关注,但本研究试图了解影响马来西亚部分大学生继续使用这些平台的因素。本研究的主要目的是考察满意度(SAT)在各类动机需求与持续使用 Instagram 的意愿(CI)之间的中介作用。研究的动机需求包括认知需求(CN)、情感需求(AN)、个人整合需求(PIN)、社会整合需求(SIN)和逃避需求(EN)。本研究以 "使用与满足理论"(UGT)和 "期望确认理论"(ECT)为基础。本研究采用非概率抽样策略,通过问卷调查的方式从巴生谷 6 所选定大学的 384 名学生中收集数据。在研究样本范围内,出现了一个重要发现:SAT 显著调节了 CN、SIN、PIN 和 CI 之间的关系。这一发现说明了 SAT 在 UGT 和 ECT 中的关键作用,表明从 Instagram 使用中获得的 SAT 是解释大学生基于特定动机需求持续参与的关键因素。在本研究抽样参与者的背景下,这一结果提供了有关 SAT 如何受不同动机需求的影响而影响继续使用 Instagram 的意愿的见解。实际上,这些见解可以帮助社交媒体平台开发者和教育机构了解并解决大学用户的满意度和参与度问题。同时,本研究采用的配额抽样策略也为今后在类似背景下开展研究提供了宝贵的范例。不过,本研究建议未来的研究扩大样本范围,纳入更广泛的马来西亚大学生,以提高代表性和可推广性。
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引用次数: 0
Analyzing the Critical Factors in Aircraft Maintenance That Affect Low-Cost Airlines in Thailand 影响泰国低成本航空公司飞机维修的关键因素分析
Pub Date : 2023-11-08 DOI: 10.11114/smc.v11i7.6400
Tawan Thianthong, Paitoon Rukluea, Nipont Tanthong, Kritsana Lakkhongkha, Saran Phinijphara
This study offers an in-depth examination of salient factors pivotal to aircraft maintenance management. Through a rigorous statistical methodology, critical variables—namely, flexibility, cost control, and service quality and delivery—were discerned as cardinal elements in efficacious management within this domain.The constructed model demonstrated formidable statistical validity, solidifying its utility as a potent instrument for both evaluation and strategic guidance within the aviation milieu. The relative weights ascribed to each variable shed light on their hierarchical significance, furnishing actionable insights for organizations in their quest for operational enhancement. For the rigorous scrutiny and validation of such statistical models, a repertoire of goodness-of-fit indices is paramount. To this end, the current study leveraged a myriad of indices including the Comparative Fit Index (CFI), Goodness of Fit Index (GFI), Adjusted Goodness of Fit Index (AGFI), Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA), Normed Fit Index (NFI), Incremental Fit Index (IFI), and Root Mean Square Residual (RMR).Nonetheless, it is prudent to recognize the potential variances in the weightages and salience of these variables across diverse organizational landscapes and contexts. This underscores the necessity for bespoke adaptations to cater to unique organizational exigencies. Cumulatively, this investigation augments the existing corpus of knowledge on aircraft maintenance management, proffering a robust quantitative scaffold for aviation entities to streamline operations, institute cost efficiencies, and uphold service excellence.
本研究对飞机维修管理的关键因素进行了深入的研究。通过严格的统计方法,关键变量——即灵活性、成本控制、服务质量和交付——被识别为该领域有效管理的基本要素。构建的模型显示出强大的统计有效性,巩固了其作为航空环境中评估和战略指导的有力工具的效用。赋予每个变量的相对权重揭示了它们的层次重要性,为组织在寻求运营增强时提供了可操作的见解。对于此类统计模型的严格审查和验证,一系列拟合优度指数至关重要。为此,本研究利用了多种指标,包括比较拟合指数(CFI)、拟合优度指数(GFI)、调整拟合优度指数(AGFI)、均方根近似误差(RMSEA)、归一化拟合指数(NFI)、增量拟合指数(IFI)和均方根残差(RMR)。尽管如此,在不同的组织环境和环境中,认识到这些变量的权重和显著性的潜在差异是谨慎的。这强调了定制适应的必要性,以满足独特的组织紧急情况。累积起来,这项调查增加了现有的飞机维修管理知识,为航空实体提供了一个强大的量化框架,以简化操作,提高成本效率,并保持卓越的服务。
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引用次数: 0
The Relationships Between Technological Disruption, Role Stress, and Turnover Intention by Journalists During China’s Media Transition Period Mediated by Organizational Commitment 组织承诺中介下中国媒体转型期记者技术颠覆、角色压力与离职倾向的关系
Pub Date : 2023-11-08 DOI: 10.11114/smc.v11i7.6385
Li Xiao, Mastura Mahamed, Rosmiza Bidin
With the gradual development of Internet technology, it has caused a sense of low organizational commitment for journalists about their profession, whether they are working in television media, radio media, or newspapers. Most empirical studies on employee turnover intention aim to explore the impact of job satisfaction on turnover intention. There is a lack of literature on technical factors contributing to professional insecurity, especially in the context of journalists during the transformation and development of Chinese media. This study examined the association between individual factor constructs (role stress) and organizational commitment to provide more information on the technical, individual, organizational factors and how these three factors affect the turnover intention of journalists in the stage of media transformation and development in China. The results show that there is a negative correlation between career value orientation and turnover intention, and career motivation value orientation, career ideal value orientation and career choice behavior value orientation have an impact on turnover intention.
随着互联网技术的逐步发展,无论是在电视媒体、广播媒体还是报纸媒体工作的记者,都产生了一种职业组织承诺感较低的现象。大多数关于员工离职倾向的实证研究旨在探讨工作满意度对离职倾向的影响。关于技术因素对职业不安全感的影响,特别是在中国媒体转型和发展的背景下,缺乏文献研究。本研究考察了个体因素建构(角色压力)与组织承诺之间的关系,以提供更多关于技术因素、个体因素、组织因素以及这三个因素如何影响中国媒体转型发展阶段记者离职意愿的信息。结果表明,职业价值取向与离职倾向呈负相关,职业动机价值取向、职业理想价值取向和职业选择行为价值取向对离职倾向有影响。
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引用次数: 0
Digital Transformation of Preservation and Restoration of Ukraine's Cultural Heritage 乌克兰文化遗产保护和修复的数字化转型
Pub Date : 2023-11-08 DOI: 10.11114/smc.v11i7.6514
Khrystyna Pletsan, Alla Havryliuk, Hanna Poberezhets, Tetiana Yurova, Vladyslav Bilov, Oksana Polotnianko
Digital transformation of the preservation and restoration of Ukraine's cultural heritage plays a key role in the national and patriotic education of the people and in ensuring the country's territorial integrity. As a result of the war in Ukraine, a significant number of cultural sites were damaged and destroyed. Therefore, there is a need for their digital registration and further restoration through the use of digital technologies. The article aims to study the principles of digital transformation and possible improvement of the quality of the cultural level in Ukraine and to define the Ukrainian idea through the dissemination of culture, in particular, through educational activities. Given the current trends in the penetration of digital technologies into all spheres of life, their use in the cultural sphere can help boost morale and serve as a tool to combat Russia's expansive cultural rhetoric. The article focuses on the peculiarities of digital transformation, the main means of its implementation, and possible further development. The results of the study indicate the need to use digital technologies as a tool for reconstruction and a means of information protection of the most important cultural sites. The article draws attention to the public administration policy and the problems of financing cultural monuments and objects as the main means for possible further digital transformation. The findings of the study may be useful for further analytical research on the use and implementation of digital transformation of cultural heritage in Ukraine.
乌克兰文化遗产保护和修复的数字化转型在人民的民族和爱国主义教育以及确保国家领土完整方面发挥着关键作用。由于乌克兰的战争,大量的文化遗址遭到破坏和摧毁。因此,有必要通过使用数字技术对其进行数字注册和进一步恢复。本文旨在研究乌克兰数字化转型的原则和可能提高乌克兰文化水平的质量,并通过文化传播,特别是通过教育活动来定义乌克兰的理念。鉴于目前数字技术渗透到生活各个领域的趋势,它们在文化领域的应用可以帮助鼓舞士气,并作为对抗俄罗斯膨胀的文化修辞的工具。本文着重论述了数字化转型的特点、数字化转型的主要实现手段以及未来可能的发展方向。研究结果表明,有必要利用数字技术作为最重要文化遗址的重建工具和信息保护手段。文章关注公共管理政策和文化古迹和文物的融资问题,作为进一步数字化转型的主要手段。研究结果可能对乌克兰文化遗产数字化转型的使用和实施的进一步分析研究有用。
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引用次数: 0
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Studies in media and communication
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