Pub Date : 2024-10-17DOI: 10.1186/s12902-024-01749-4
Jianwei Zhang, Jinliang Xu, Xiaoli Tang, Ruoya Wu
Objective: The current systematic review and meta-analysis assessed the prevalence of central precocious puberty (CPP) throughout the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.
Design: A systematic review and meta-analysis were carried out following the principles outlined by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA, 2020).
Data sources: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and WANFANG databases were searched from January 1, 2019, to March 30, 2023.
Eligibility criteria for selecting studies: (1) children and adolescents ≤ 15 years; (2) studies with the outcome of frequency of central precocious puberty, measured prior to and throughout the COVID-19 pandemic; (3) a novel CPP diagnosis was created depending on all of the following criteria: girls with a chronological age < 8 years and boys with a chronological age < 9 years at the onset of symptoms, basal luteinizing hormone (LH) levels > 0.3 UI/L, and/or GnRH-stimulated peak LH levels > 5 IU/L.
Data extraction and synthesis: The process of extracting data and evaluating the likelihood of bias was carried out by two independent reviewers. The data were pooled employing the generic inverse-variance method and presented as mean differences (MDs) with 95% CIs. The evaluation of heterogeneity was conducted employing the Cochran Q statistic, and the degree of heterogeneity was measured employing the I2 statistic.
Results: This meta-analysis included 17 studies. In contrast to the same period prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, the occurrence of CPP elevated (OR = 2.57; 95% CI, 1.85-3.56). Moreover, body mass index standard deviation score (BMI SDS) differences between CPP patients prior to COVID-19 and throughout the pandemic follow-up was 0.12 (95% CI - 0.01 to 0.25 P = 0.06).
Conclusion: Overall, CPP frequency significantly elevated throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. Given the restricted number of cohort investigations in this meta-analysis, additional research may be conducted on larger groups of children in order to establish a correlation between the observed rise in precocious puberty and specific pathogenic factors.
{"title":"Comparison of central precocious puberty frequency before and during COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Jianwei Zhang, Jinliang Xu, Xiaoli Tang, Ruoya Wu","doi":"10.1186/s12902-024-01749-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12902-024-01749-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The current systematic review and meta-analysis assessed the prevalence of central precocious puberty (CPP) throughout the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A systematic review and meta-analysis were carried out following the principles outlined by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA, 2020).</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and WANFANG databases were searched from January 1, 2019, to March 30, 2023.</p><p><strong>Eligibility criteria for selecting studies: </strong>(1) children and adolescents ≤ 15 years; (2) studies with the outcome of frequency of central precocious puberty, measured prior to and throughout the COVID-19 pandemic; (3) a novel CPP diagnosis was created depending on all of the following criteria: girls with a chronological age < 8 years and boys with a chronological age < 9 years at the onset of symptoms, basal luteinizing hormone (LH) levels > 0.3 UI/L, and/or GnRH-stimulated peak LH levels > 5 IU/L.</p><p><strong>Data extraction and synthesis: </strong>The process of extracting data and evaluating the likelihood of bias was carried out by two independent reviewers. The data were pooled employing the generic inverse-variance method and presented as mean differences (MDs) with 95% CIs. The evaluation of heterogeneity was conducted employing the Cochran Q statistic, and the degree of heterogeneity was measured employing the I<sup>2</sup> statistic.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This meta-analysis included 17 studies. In contrast to the same period prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, the occurrence of CPP elevated (OR = 2.57; 95% CI, 1.85-3.56). Moreover, body mass index standard deviation score (BMI SDS) differences between CPP patients prior to COVID-19 and throughout the pandemic follow-up was 0.12 (95% CI - 0.01 to 0.25 P = 0.06).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Overall, CPP frequency significantly elevated throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. Given the restricted number of cohort investigations in this meta-analysis, additional research may be conducted on larger groups of children in order to establish a correlation between the observed rise in precocious puberty and specific pathogenic factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":9152,"journal":{"name":"BMC Endocrine Disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11484383/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142458059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-16DOI: 10.1186/s12902-024-01747-6
Yahui Dai, Yushan Zhang, Bo Wang, Lei Cao, Zhiyuan Wang
Background: The triglyceride glucose (TyG) index, defined as Ln [fasting triglyceride (mg/dL) × fasting glucose (mg/dL)/2], provides insights into overall metabolic status. However, the association between the TyG index and gout has not been investigated. Therefore, this study explored the correlation between the TyG index and gout.
Methods: Using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, which was conducted from 2007 to 2018, this study investigated the relationship between the TyG index and gout. Demographic data and potential risk factors were analyzed and compared using t tests for continuous data and chi-square tests for categorical data. Logistic regression and subgroup analysis were performed to examine the association between the TyG index and gout.
Results: A total of 14,924 participants were enrolled, among whom 726 (4.86%) were diagnosed with gout. Without controlling for any covariates, a significant positive correlation was observed between an elevated TyG index and increased risk of gout, with an odds ratio (OR) of 2.07 and a 95% confidence interval (CI) ranging from 1.76 to 2.43. After full adjustment, this association remained statistically significant, with an adjusted OR of 1.43 and a 95% CI from 1.14 to 1.80. Subgroup analyses revealed significant interactions, particularly for females (OR = 2.55; 95% CI: 2.00-3.26), individuals with no military service history (OR = 2.15; 95% CI: 1.66-2.43), and those without diabetes (OR = 2.00; 95% CI: 1.64-2.43).
Conclusion: A positive correlation was observed between the TyG index and gout. Consequently, further large-scale prospective studies are warranted for a comprehensive analysis of the role of the TyG index in gout.
{"title":"The association between triglyceride glucose index and gout: a cross-sectional analysis based on NHANES 2007-2018.","authors":"Yahui Dai, Yushan Zhang, Bo Wang, Lei Cao, Zhiyuan Wang","doi":"10.1186/s12902-024-01747-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12902-024-01747-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The triglyceride glucose (TyG) index, defined as Ln [fasting triglyceride (mg/dL) × fasting glucose (mg/dL)/2], provides insights into overall metabolic status. However, the association between the TyG index and gout has not been investigated. Therefore, this study explored the correlation between the TyG index and gout.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, which was conducted from 2007 to 2018, this study investigated the relationship between the TyG index and gout. Demographic data and potential risk factors were analyzed and compared using t tests for continuous data and chi-square tests for categorical data. Logistic regression and subgroup analysis were performed to examine the association between the TyG index and gout.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 14,924 participants were enrolled, among whom 726 (4.86%) were diagnosed with gout. Without controlling for any covariates, a significant positive correlation was observed between an elevated TyG index and increased risk of gout, with an odds ratio (OR) of 2.07 and a 95% confidence interval (CI) ranging from 1.76 to 2.43. After full adjustment, this association remained statistically significant, with an adjusted OR of 1.43 and a 95% CI from 1.14 to 1.80. Subgroup analyses revealed significant interactions, particularly for females (OR = 2.55; 95% CI: 2.00-3.26), individuals with no military service history (OR = 2.15; 95% CI: 1.66-2.43), and those without diabetes (OR = 2.00; 95% CI: 1.64-2.43).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A positive correlation was observed between the TyG index and gout. Consequently, further large-scale prospective studies are warranted for a comprehensive analysis of the role of the TyG index in gout.</p>","PeriodicalId":9152,"journal":{"name":"BMC Endocrine Disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11481382/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142458061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-15DOI: 10.1186/s12902-024-01750-x
Chen Lv, Rui Huo
Background: The presence of hypertension significantly increases the risk of diabetes, particularly type 2 diabetes. Recently, Visceral Adiposity Index (VAI) has been introduced as a straightforward and robust alternative indicator for early detection of metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease, and T2DM. Visceral adiposity, more dangerous than subcutaneous fat, is associated with metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases. The VAI and Lipid Accumulation Product (LAP) are indices that quantify visceral fat and lipid overaccumulation, respectively. This study aims to explore the association between VAI, LAP, and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in US adults with hypertension using NHANES data from 2005 to 2018.
Methods: We analyzed data from 5,620 participants with hypertension in The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). VAI and LAP were calculated using established formulas. The VAI is calculated based on a combination of waist circumference, body mass index (BMI), triglycerides, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels. Logistic regression models were applied to evaluate the association between these indices and T2DM, adjusting for potential confounders. Subgroup analyses by age and gender were also conducted to assess variations in risk.
Results: In all, 5,620 participants were enrolled in our analysis, with 2,754 (49%) being female, and a mean (standard deviation, SD) age of 57 (15) years. The mean (SD) cumulative average VAI and LAP among all participants was 241 (2.71) and 75 (67), respectively. Totally, higher VAI and LAP indices were significantly associated with an increased risk of T2DM in individuals with hypertension. For VAI, the odds ratios (OR) for T2DM were higher in older adults (≥ 60 years) [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.37, 1.22-1.53, per 1 SD increase] and females [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.39, 1.27-1.52, per 1 SD increase], indicating age and gender differences in risk. Non-linear relationships were observed, suggesting thresholds beyond which the risk of T2DM escalates dramatically.
Conclusions: Both VAI and LAP are reliable markers for assessing T2DM risk in individuals with hypertension. Incorporating these indices into clinical practice could enhance the identification of high-risk individuals and facilitate early intervention strategies. Future longitudinal studies are needed to confirm these associations and explore targeted interventions.
背景:高血压的存在会大大增加患糖尿病,尤其是 2 型糖尿病的风险。最近,内脏脂肪指数(VAI)作为一种直接、可靠的替代指标被引入,用于早期检测代谢综合征、心血管疾病和 T2DM。内脏脂肪比皮下脂肪更危险,与代谢综合征和心血管疾病有关。内脏脂肪指数(VAI)和脂质累积乘积(LAP)分别是量化内脏脂肪和脂质过度累积的指数。本研究旨在利用 2005 年至 2018 年的 NHANES 数据,探讨美国成人高血压患者的 VAI、LAP 与 2 型糖尿病(T2DM)之间的关联:我们分析了美国国家健康与营养调查(NHANES)中 5620 名高血压参与者的数据。VAI 和 LAP 采用既定公式计算。VAI 根据腰围、体重指数 (BMI)、甘油三酯和高密度脂蛋白 (HDL) 胆固醇水平的组合计算得出。采用逻辑回归模型评估这些指数与 T2DM 之间的关系,并对潜在的混杂因素进行调整。还按年龄和性别进行了分组分析,以评估风险的变化:共有 5,620 人参与了我们的分析,其中 2,754 人(49%)为女性,平均(标准差,SD)年龄为 57(15)岁。所有参与者的平均(标准差)累积平均 VAI 和 LAP 分别为 241(2.71)和 75(67)。总之,VAI 和 LAP 指数越高,高血压患者罹患 T2DM 的风险就越大。就 VAI 而言,老年人(≥ 60 岁)[95% 置信区间 (CI):1.37,1.22-1.53,每增加 1 SD]和女性[95% 置信区间 (CI):1.39,1.27-1.52,每增加 1 SD]患 T2DM 的几率比(OR)更高,表明风险存在年龄和性别差异。观察到的非线性关系表明,T2DM 风险在超过阈值后会急剧上升:结论:VAI 和 LAP 都是评估高血压患者 T2DM 风险的可靠指标。结论:VAI 和 LAP 都是评估高血压患者 T2DM 风险的可靠指标,将这些指标纳入临床实践可提高对高危人群的识别能力,促进早期干预策略的实施。未来需要进行纵向研究,以确认这些关联并探索有针对性的干预措施。
{"title":"Association between visceral adiposity index, lipid accumulation product and type 2 diabetes mellitus in US adults with hypertension: a cross-sectional analysis of NHANES from 2005 to 2018.","authors":"Chen Lv, Rui Huo","doi":"10.1186/s12902-024-01750-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12902-024-01750-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The presence of hypertension significantly increases the risk of diabetes, particularly type 2 diabetes. Recently, Visceral Adiposity Index (VAI) has been introduced as a straightforward and robust alternative indicator for early detection of metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular disease, and T2DM. Visceral adiposity, more dangerous than subcutaneous fat, is associated with metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases. The VAI and Lipid Accumulation Product (LAP) are indices that quantify visceral fat and lipid overaccumulation, respectively. This study aims to explore the association between VAI, LAP, and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in US adults with hypertension using NHANES data from 2005 to 2018.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed data from 5,620 participants with hypertension in The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). VAI and LAP were calculated using established formulas. The VAI is calculated based on a combination of waist circumference, body mass index (BMI), triglycerides, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels. Logistic regression models were applied to evaluate the association between these indices and T2DM, adjusting for potential confounders. Subgroup analyses by age and gender were also conducted to assess variations in risk.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In all, 5,620 participants were enrolled in our analysis, with 2,754 (49%) being female, and a mean (standard deviation, SD) age of 57 (15) years. The mean (SD) cumulative average VAI and LAP among all participants was 241 (2.71) and 75 (67), respectively. Totally, higher VAI and LAP indices were significantly associated with an increased risk of T2DM in individuals with hypertension. For VAI, the odds ratios (OR) for T2DM were higher in older adults (≥ 60 years) [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.37, 1.22-1.53, per 1 SD increase] and females [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.39, 1.27-1.52, per 1 SD increase], indicating age and gender differences in risk. Non-linear relationships were observed, suggesting thresholds beyond which the risk of T2DM escalates dramatically.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Both VAI and LAP are reliable markers for assessing T2DM risk in individuals with hypertension. Incorporating these indices into clinical practice could enhance the identification of high-risk individuals and facilitate early intervention strategies. Future longitudinal studies are needed to confirm these associations and explore targeted interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":9152,"journal":{"name":"BMC Endocrine Disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11476220/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142458048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-15DOI: 10.1186/s12902-024-01676-4
An-Bang Liu, Yan-Xia Lin, Ting-Ting Meng, Peng Tian, Jian-Lin Chen, Xin-He Zhang, Wei-Hong Xu, Yu Zhang, Dan Zhang, Yan Zheng, Guo-Hai Su
Background: The cardiometabolic index (CMI) is a novel metric for assessing cardiometabolic health and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), yet its relationship with insulin resistance (IR) and prediabetes (preDM) is not well-studied. There is also a gap in understanding the nonlinear associations between CMI and these conditions. Our study aimed to elucidate these associations.
Methods: We included 13,142 adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007-2020. CMI was calculated by multiplying the triglyceride-to-high density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) by waist-to-height ratio (WHtR). Using weighted multivariable linear and logistic regression explored the relationships of CMI with glucose metabolism markers, IR, preDM, and DM. Nonlinear associations were assessed using generalized additive models (GAM), smooth curve fittings, and two-piecewise logistic regression.
Results: Multivariate regression revealed positive correlations between CMI and glucose metabolic biomarkers, including FBG (β = 0.08, 95% CI: 0.06-0.10), HbA1c (β = 0.26, 95% CI: 0.22-0.31), FSI (β = 4.88, 95% CI: 4.23-5.54), and HOMA-IR (β = 1.85, 95% CI: 1.56-2.14). There were also significant correlations between CMI and increased risk of IR (OR = 3.51, 95% CI: 2.94-4.20), preDM (OR = 1.49, 95% CI: 1.29-1.71), and DM (OR = 2.22, 95% CI: 2.00-2.47). Inverse nonlinear L-shaped associations were found between CMI and IR, preDM, and DM, with saturation inflection points at 1.1, 1.45, and 1.6, respectively. Below these thresholds, increments in CMI significantly correlated with heightened risks of IR, preDM, and DM.
Conclusions: CMI exhibited inverse L-shaped nonlinear relationships with IR, preDM, and DM, suggesting that reducing CMI to a certain level might significantly prevent these conditions.
{"title":"Associations of the cardiometabolic index with insulin resistance, prediabetes, and diabetes in U.S. adults: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"An-Bang Liu, Yan-Xia Lin, Ting-Ting Meng, Peng Tian, Jian-Lin Chen, Xin-He Zhang, Wei-Hong Xu, Yu Zhang, Dan Zhang, Yan Zheng, Guo-Hai Su","doi":"10.1186/s12902-024-01676-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12902-024-01676-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The cardiometabolic index (CMI) is a novel metric for assessing cardiometabolic health and type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), yet its relationship with insulin resistance (IR) and prediabetes (preDM) is not well-studied. There is also a gap in understanding the nonlinear associations between CMI and these conditions. Our study aimed to elucidate these associations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We included 13,142 adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007-2020. CMI was calculated by multiplying the triglyceride-to-high density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) by waist-to-height ratio (WHtR). Using weighted multivariable linear and logistic regression explored the relationships of CMI with glucose metabolism markers, IR, preDM, and DM. Nonlinear associations were assessed using generalized additive models (GAM), smooth curve fittings, and two-piecewise logistic regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Multivariate regression revealed positive correlations between CMI and glucose metabolic biomarkers, including FBG (β = 0.08, 95% CI: 0.06-0.10), HbA1c (β = 0.26, 95% CI: 0.22-0.31), FSI (β = 4.88, 95% CI: 4.23-5.54), and HOMA-IR (β = 1.85, 95% CI: 1.56-2.14). There were also significant correlations between CMI and increased risk of IR (OR = 3.51, 95% CI: 2.94-4.20), preDM (OR = 1.49, 95% CI: 1.29-1.71), and DM (OR = 2.22, 95% CI: 2.00-2.47). Inverse nonlinear L-shaped associations were found between CMI and IR, preDM, and DM, with saturation inflection points at 1.1, 1.45, and 1.6, respectively. Below these thresholds, increments in CMI significantly correlated with heightened risks of IR, preDM, and DM.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CMI exhibited inverse L-shaped nonlinear relationships with IR, preDM, and DM, suggesting that reducing CMI to a certain level might significantly prevent these conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":9152,"journal":{"name":"BMC Endocrine Disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11475834/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142458058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: 11β-hydroxylase deficiency (11β-OHD), caused by homozygosity or compound heterozygosity CYP11B1 variants, is the second most common cause of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH). Due to the high degree of sequence identity between CYP11B1 and CYP11B2, chimeric genes, and complex structural variants (SVs), the conventional approach to gene testing for 11β-OHD is facing challenges. The study aimed to clarify the underlying genetic causes of two siblings of a Chinese family with 11β-OHD.
Methods: Peripheral blood samples and clinical information were collected from subjects and their family members. Sex steroid concentrations were measured using LC-MS/MS. Long-range PCR-based next-generation sequencing (NGS), PCR assay and target long-read sequencing were used to detect the pathogenic variants.
Results: Early onset hypertension, increased serum levels of adrenocorticotropin (ACTH), progesterone, testosterone, and decreased cortisol and potassium were detected in both affected siblings. Long-range PCR-based NGS identified a heterozygous missense variant (NM_000497.4:c.281 C > T, p.P94> L) in CYP11B1 gene in the two siblings. PCR detected no chimeric CYP11B2/CYP11B1 gene. We finally identified a second pathogenic variant in CYP11B1 gene via target long-read sequencing (T-LRS). This novel variant was a deletion-insertion variant and located chr8:143957269-143,957,579 (hg19) with the insertion of 'ACAG' (NM_000497.4:c.954 + 78_980delinsACAG), which was in trans with CYP11B1: c.281 C > T.
Conclusions: Our study suggests that the integrated long-range PCR-based NGS and T-LRS seem to be the most reliable and accurate method for 11β-OHD genetic diagnosis and carrier sequencing.
{"title":"Targeted long-read sequencing identifies missing pathogenic variant in unsolved 11β-hydroxylase deficiency.","authors":"Jidong Liu, Huihui Tian, Xinchen Jin, Yanxiang Wang, Zhenhong Zhang, Mengxue Li, Lulu Dai, Xiaoli Zhang, Ling Jiang","doi":"10.1186/s12902-024-01748-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12902-024-01748-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>11β-hydroxylase deficiency (11β-OHD), caused by homozygosity or compound heterozygosity CYP11B1 variants, is the second most common cause of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH). Due to the high degree of sequence identity between CYP11B1 and CYP11B2, chimeric genes, and complex structural variants (SVs), the conventional approach to gene testing for 11β-OHD is facing challenges. The study aimed to clarify the underlying genetic causes of two siblings of a Chinese family with 11β-OHD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Peripheral blood samples and clinical information were collected from subjects and their family members. Sex steroid concentrations were measured using LC-MS/MS. Long-range PCR-based next-generation sequencing (NGS), PCR assay and target long-read sequencing were used to detect the pathogenic variants.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Early onset hypertension, increased serum levels of adrenocorticotropin (ACTH), progesterone, testosterone, and decreased cortisol and potassium were detected in both affected siblings. Long-range PCR-based NGS identified a heterozygous missense variant (NM_000497.4:c.281 C > T, p.P94> L) in CYP11B1 gene in the two siblings. PCR detected no chimeric CYP11B2/CYP11B1 gene. We finally identified a second pathogenic variant in CYP11B1 gene via target long-read sequencing (T-LRS). This novel variant was a deletion-insertion variant and located chr8:143957269-143,957,579 (hg19) with the insertion of 'ACAG' (NM_000497.4:c.954 + 78_980delinsACAG), which was in trans with CYP11B1: c.281 C > T.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study suggests that the integrated long-range PCR-based NGS and T-LRS seem to be the most reliable and accurate method for 11β-OHD genetic diagnosis and carrier sequencing.</p>","PeriodicalId":9152,"journal":{"name":"BMC Endocrine Disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11472585/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142458060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-11DOI: 10.1186/s12902-024-01746-7
Shisheng Han, Yinqing Chen, Yan Lu, Meng Jia, Yanqiu Xu, Yi Wang
Background: Observational studies have demonstrated the alterations of gut microbiota composition in diabetic nephropathy (DN), however, the correlation between gut microbiota and DN remains unclear.
Methods: A two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was designed to estimate the association between gut microbiota and DN. The summary statistics of gut microbiota from phylum level to genus level were obtained from a large-scale, genome-wide association study involving 18,340 individuals, and the data at the species level was derived from the study of TwinsUK Registry, including 1126 twin pairs. The summary statistics of DN were originated from the latest release data of FinnGen (R7, 299623 participants). The MR estimation was calculated using inverse variance weighted, weighted median, MR-Egger regression, and MR-PRESSO. Heterogeneity was assessed using Cochrane's Q test.
Results: Inverse variance weighted results indicated that the order Bacteroidetes and its corresponding class and phylum [odds ratio (OR), 1.58; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.15-2.17], the family Verrucomicrobiaceae and its corresponding class and order (OR, 1.46; 95% CI, 1.14-1.87), the genera Akkermansia (OR, 1.46; 95% CI, 1.14-1.87) and Catenibacterium (OR, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.07-1.66) might be associated with a higher risk of DN; whereas the genera Coprococcus2 (OR, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.51-0.91) and Eubacterium_coprostanoligenes_group (OR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.52-0.92) might play protective roles in DN.
Conclusions: This MR study suggested that several gut bacteria were potentially associated with DN, further studies are required to validate these findings.
{"title":"Association between gut microbiota and diabetic nephropathy: a two-sample mendelian randomization study.","authors":"Shisheng Han, Yinqing Chen, Yan Lu, Meng Jia, Yanqiu Xu, Yi Wang","doi":"10.1186/s12902-024-01746-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12902-024-01746-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Observational studies have demonstrated the alterations of gut microbiota composition in diabetic nephropathy (DN), however, the correlation between gut microbiota and DN remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was designed to estimate the association between gut microbiota and DN. The summary statistics of gut microbiota from phylum level to genus level were obtained from a large-scale, genome-wide association study involving 18,340 individuals, and the data at the species level was derived from the study of TwinsUK Registry, including 1126 twin pairs. The summary statistics of DN were originated from the latest release data of FinnGen (R7, 299623 participants). The MR estimation was calculated using inverse variance weighted, weighted median, MR-Egger regression, and MR-PRESSO. Heterogeneity was assessed using Cochrane's Q test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Inverse variance weighted results indicated that the order Bacteroidetes and its corresponding class and phylum [odds ratio (OR), 1.58; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.15-2.17], the family Verrucomicrobiaceae and its corresponding class and order (OR, 1.46; 95% CI, 1.14-1.87), the genera Akkermansia (OR, 1.46; 95% CI, 1.14-1.87) and Catenibacterium (OR, 1.33; 95% CI, 1.07-1.66) might be associated with a higher risk of DN; whereas the genera Coprococcus2 (OR, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.51-0.91) and Eubacterium_coprostanoligenes_group (OR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.52-0.92) might play protective roles in DN.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This MR study suggested that several gut bacteria were potentially associated with DN, further studies are required to validate these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":9152,"journal":{"name":"BMC Endocrine Disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11468553/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142399399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-10DOI: 10.1186/s12902-024-01735-w
Nicola Royce, Héléne T Cronjé, André P Kengne, Herculina S Kruger, Robin C Dolman-Macleod, Marlien Pieters
Background: The use of non-invasive risk scores to detect undiagnosed type 2 diabetes (T2D) ensures the restriction of invasive and costly blood tests to those most likely to be diagnosed with the disease. This study assessed and compared the performance of the African Diabetes Risk Score (ADRS) with three other diabetes risk prediction models for identifying screen-detected diabetes based on fasting plasma glucose (FPG) or glycated haemoglobin (HBA1c).
Methods: Age, sex, waist circumference, body mass index, blood pressure, history of diabetes and physical activity levels from the SA-NW-PURE study were used to externally validate the ADRS and other established risk prediction models. Discrimination was assessed and compared using C-statistics and nonparametric methods. Calibration was assessed using calibration plots, before and after recalibration.
Results: Nine hundred and thirty-seven participants were included; 14% had prevalent undiagnosed T2D according to FPG and 26% according to HbA1c. Discrimination was acceptable and was mostly similar between models for both diagnostic measures. The C-statistics for diagnosis by FPG ranged from 0.69 for the Simplified FINDRISC model to 0.77 for the ADRS model and 0.77 for the Simplified FINDRISC model to 0.79 for the ADRS model for diagnosis by HbA1c. Calibration ranged from acceptable to good, though over- and underestimation were present. All models improved significantly following recalibration.
Conclusions: The models performed comparably, with the ADRS offering a non-invasive way to identify up to 79% of cases. Based on its ease of use and performance, the ADRS is recommended for screening for T2D in certain Black population groups in South Africa. HbA1c as a means of diagnosis also showed comparable performance with FPG. Therefore, further validation studies can potentially use HbA1c as the standard to compare to.
{"title":"HbA1c comparable to fasting glucose in the external validation of the African Diabetes Risk Score and other established risk prediction models in Black South Africans.","authors":"Nicola Royce, Héléne T Cronjé, André P Kengne, Herculina S Kruger, Robin C Dolman-Macleod, Marlien Pieters","doi":"10.1186/s12902-024-01735-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12902-024-01735-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The use of non-invasive risk scores to detect undiagnosed type 2 diabetes (T2D) ensures the restriction of invasive and costly blood tests to those most likely to be diagnosed with the disease. This study assessed and compared the performance of the African Diabetes Risk Score (ADRS) with three other diabetes risk prediction models for identifying screen-detected diabetes based on fasting plasma glucose (FPG) or glycated haemoglobin (HBA1c).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Age, sex, waist circumference, body mass index, blood pressure, history of diabetes and physical activity levels from the SA-NW-PURE study were used to externally validate the ADRS and other established risk prediction models. Discrimination was assessed and compared using C-statistics and nonparametric methods. Calibration was assessed using calibration plots, before and after recalibration.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nine hundred and thirty-seven participants were included; 14% had prevalent undiagnosed T2D according to FPG and 26% according to HbA1c. Discrimination was acceptable and was mostly similar between models for both diagnostic measures. The C-statistics for diagnosis by FPG ranged from 0.69 for the Simplified FINDRISC model to 0.77 for the ADRS model and 0.77 for the Simplified FINDRISC model to 0.79 for the ADRS model for diagnosis by HbA1c. Calibration ranged from acceptable to good, though over- and underestimation were present. All models improved significantly following recalibration.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The models performed comparably, with the ADRS offering a non-invasive way to identify up to 79% of cases. Based on its ease of use and performance, the ADRS is recommended for screening for T2D in certain Black population groups in South Africa. HbA1c as a means of diagnosis also showed comparable performance with FPG. Therefore, further validation studies can potentially use HbA1c as the standard to compare to.</p>","PeriodicalId":9152,"journal":{"name":"BMC Endocrine Disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11465613/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142399400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-09DOI: 10.1186/s12902-024-01745-8
Ahmad H Alghadir, Sami A Gabr, Amir Iqbal
<p><strong>Background: </strong>Higher prevalence rates of diabetes and its complications have been reported among individuals with poor physical activity and a sedentary lifestyle. This study explored the influence of six months of moderate-intensity supervised aerobic training on the serum lipid profile, hs-CRP level, and variable-related correlations in prediabetic and type 2 diabetes patients (T2DM).</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>The study was based on a two-arm parallel group pretest‒posttest comparative design.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 50 subjects who were diagnosed with diabetes for more than five years and aged 30-70 years were included in this study. The subjects were classified into two groups on the basis of their glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c%) values: Group 1 (patients with the prediabetes; HbA1c % ≤ 6.5, n = 25) and Group 2 (patients with the T2DM; HbA1c % ≥ 6.5, n = 25). Blood sugar, HbA1c %, insulin, lipid profile, and highly sensitive CRP (hs-CRP) were measured via colorimetric and immunoassay techniques at baseline and six months postintervention with moderate aerobic exercise.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results revealed that participation in moderate aerobic training interventions for six months resulted in a significant reduction in BMI, fasting blood sugar, glycosylated haemoglobin, hs-CRP, and lipid profile parameters such as T-Cholest, TG, and LDL-C as well as significant improvement in the level of insulin with a reduction in the values of HOMA-IR towards normal values in the patients with prediabetes (P < 0.01) in group 1 and patients with diabetes in group 2 (P < 0.001). The change in VO<sub>2</sub>max with good physical fitness significantly improved with the exercise program after six months. The reduced levels of hs-CRP, HOMA-IR, and lipid profile and improved levels of insulin were significantly positively correlated with the levels of glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c%) in the patients with prediabetes (P < 0.01) and those with diabetes (P < 0.001) following six months of moderate aerobic training interventions. Moreover, hs-CRP was positively correlated with T-Cholest, TG, and LDL-C (p = 0.01) and negatively correlated with HDL-C. The data revealed improved glycemic control factors, lipid profiles, and hs-CRP levels as cardio-predictive markers in patients with both prediabetes and diabetes as well. These findings suggest that the anti-inflammatory effect of physical activity gained from moderate exercise training for six months may counteract increased cardiovascular complications associated with increased CRP levels and lipid profiles in prediabetes and T2DM patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Moderate aerobic training for six months favourably affects glycemic parameters, lipid profiles, and inflammatory hs-CRP indicators and improves VO<sub>2</sub>max, an indicator of physical fitness, in prediabetic and diabetic patients. The data obtained suggest the positive effect of moderate e
{"title":"The effects of supervised aerobic training on dyslipidaemia among diabetic older patients.","authors":"Ahmad H Alghadir, Sami A Gabr, Amir Iqbal","doi":"10.1186/s12902-024-01745-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12902-024-01745-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Higher prevalence rates of diabetes and its complications have been reported among individuals with poor physical activity and a sedentary lifestyle. This study explored the influence of six months of moderate-intensity supervised aerobic training on the serum lipid profile, hs-CRP level, and variable-related correlations in prediabetic and type 2 diabetes patients (T2DM).</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>The study was based on a two-arm parallel group pretest‒posttest comparative design.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 50 subjects who were diagnosed with diabetes for more than five years and aged 30-70 years were included in this study. The subjects were classified into two groups on the basis of their glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c%) values: Group 1 (patients with the prediabetes; HbA1c % ≤ 6.5, n = 25) and Group 2 (patients with the T2DM; HbA1c % ≥ 6.5, n = 25). Blood sugar, HbA1c %, insulin, lipid profile, and highly sensitive CRP (hs-CRP) were measured via colorimetric and immunoassay techniques at baseline and six months postintervention with moderate aerobic exercise.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results revealed that participation in moderate aerobic training interventions for six months resulted in a significant reduction in BMI, fasting blood sugar, glycosylated haemoglobin, hs-CRP, and lipid profile parameters such as T-Cholest, TG, and LDL-C as well as significant improvement in the level of insulin with a reduction in the values of HOMA-IR towards normal values in the patients with prediabetes (P < 0.01) in group 1 and patients with diabetes in group 2 (P < 0.001). The change in VO<sub>2</sub>max with good physical fitness significantly improved with the exercise program after six months. The reduced levels of hs-CRP, HOMA-IR, and lipid profile and improved levels of insulin were significantly positively correlated with the levels of glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c%) in the patients with prediabetes (P < 0.01) and those with diabetes (P < 0.001) following six months of moderate aerobic training interventions. Moreover, hs-CRP was positively correlated with T-Cholest, TG, and LDL-C (p = 0.01) and negatively correlated with HDL-C. The data revealed improved glycemic control factors, lipid profiles, and hs-CRP levels as cardio-predictive markers in patients with both prediabetes and diabetes as well. These findings suggest that the anti-inflammatory effect of physical activity gained from moderate exercise training for six months may counteract increased cardiovascular complications associated with increased CRP levels and lipid profiles in prediabetes and T2DM patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Moderate aerobic training for six months favourably affects glycemic parameters, lipid profiles, and inflammatory hs-CRP indicators and improves VO<sub>2</sub>max, an indicator of physical fitness, in prediabetic and diabetic patients. The data obtained suggest the positive effect of moderate e","PeriodicalId":9152,"journal":{"name":"BMC Endocrine Disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11462724/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142387977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-08DOI: 10.1186/s12902-024-01741-y
Kibret Enyew Belay, Rebil H Jemal, Ayele H Kebede, Meron G Tulu, Alamirew Enyew Belay, Asteway Mulat Haile, Samuel A Demisse
Background: Arginine vasopressin deficiency (central diabetes insipidus) is defined as a reduction in the release of arginine vasopressin (AVP) resulting in a variable degree of polyuria. Partial empty sella refers to an enlarged sella turcica that is not completely filled by pituitary gland. It can be either primary or secondary and its manifestation ranges from asymptomatic cases to isolated posterior pituitary, isolated anterior pituitary or both anterior and posterior pituitary dysfunctions. Diabetes insipidus caused by a partially empty sella is rare.
Case presentation: The patient, an 18-year-old Ethiopian woman who presented with long standing headache, increased urination, increased thirst, absence of menses and weight loss. Urine and serum osmolality was done and suggested diabetes insipidus. On further workup, brain magnetic resonant imaging was done and partially empty sella was diagnosed.
Conclusion: Diabetes insipidus secondary to partially empty sella is uncommon. In patients presenting with headache and anterior or posterior pituitary dysfunction, empty sella should be considered, whether partial or complete.
{"title":"Arginine vasopressin deficiency (central diabetes insipidus) with partial empty sella: a case report.","authors":"Kibret Enyew Belay, Rebil H Jemal, Ayele H Kebede, Meron G Tulu, Alamirew Enyew Belay, Asteway Mulat Haile, Samuel A Demisse","doi":"10.1186/s12902-024-01741-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12902-024-01741-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Arginine vasopressin deficiency (central diabetes insipidus) is defined as a reduction in the release of arginine vasopressin (AVP) resulting in a variable degree of polyuria. Partial empty sella refers to an enlarged sella turcica that is not completely filled by pituitary gland. It can be either primary or secondary and its manifestation ranges from asymptomatic cases to isolated posterior pituitary, isolated anterior pituitary or both anterior and posterior pituitary dysfunctions. Diabetes insipidus caused by a partially empty sella is rare.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>The patient, an 18-year-old Ethiopian woman who presented with long standing headache, increased urination, increased thirst, absence of menses and weight loss. Urine and serum osmolality was done and suggested diabetes insipidus. On further workup, brain magnetic resonant imaging was done and partially empty sella was diagnosed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Diabetes insipidus secondary to partially empty sella is uncommon. In patients presenting with headache and anterior or posterior pituitary dysfunction, empty sella should be considered, whether partial or complete.</p>","PeriodicalId":9152,"journal":{"name":"BMC Endocrine Disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11460033/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142387975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Abnormalities in biochemical parameters and changes in eating habits are considered complications of obesity. Oleoylethanolamide (OEA), an endocannabinoid-like compound, has been shown to have protective effects on many metabolic disorders. Given this evidence, the present study aimed to assess the effects of OEA on lipid profile parameters, fasting blood sugar (FBS), and dietary habits in healthy obese people.
Methods: In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial, which was carried out in 2016 in Tabriz, Iran, 60 obese people were enrolled in the study based on inclusion criteria. The intervention group consumed 125 mg of OEA capsules, and the placebo group received the same amount of starch twice for 8 weeks. Blood samples (5 mL) were taken at baseline and the end of the study in a fasting state. Serum concentrations of FBS, triglycerides (TGs), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and total cholesterol (TC) were measured by enzymatic methods using commercial kits. The low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) concentration was obtained using the Friede-Wald formula. To assess dietary habits, a food frequency questionnaire (147 items) was used at baseline and the end of the study. A value less than < 0.05 was considered to indicate statistical significance.
Results: The TG concentration decreased significantly in the intervention group (mean (SD): 166.29 (70.01) mg/dL to 142.22 (48.05) mg/dL, p = 0.047). Changes in the placebo group were not significant (p > 0.05). After adjusting for baseline values and demographic characteristics, the difference in TG between groups remained significant (p = 0.044). Changes in other biochemical parameters were not significant. There was no significant difference between or within groups in terms of food groups.
Conclusion: OEA, as a complementary agent, plays a protective role in TG regulation. However, future studies with longer durations are needed to explore the impact of OEA on regulating dietary habits and to identify the mechanisms related to metabolic abnormalities in obese people.
Trial registration: The study was registered in the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT) center as IRCT201607132017N30 with URL. www.IRCT.IR in date 03/10/2016.
{"title":"The effect of Oleoylethanolamide supplementation on lipid profile, fasting blood sugar and dietary habits in obese people: a randomized double-blind placebo-control trial.","authors":"Alireza Ostadrahimi, Yaser Khajebishak, Fardin Moradi, Laleh Payahoo","doi":"10.1186/s12902-024-01738-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12902-024-01738-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Abnormalities in biochemical parameters and changes in eating habits are considered complications of obesity. Oleoylethanolamide (OEA), an endocannabinoid-like compound, has been shown to have protective effects on many metabolic disorders. Given this evidence, the present study aimed to assess the effects of OEA on lipid profile parameters, fasting blood sugar (FBS), and dietary habits in healthy obese people.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial, which was carried out in 2016 in Tabriz, Iran, 60 obese people were enrolled in the study based on inclusion criteria. The intervention group consumed 125 mg of OEA capsules, and the placebo group received the same amount of starch twice for 8 weeks. Blood samples (5 mL) were taken at baseline and the end of the study in a fasting state. Serum concentrations of FBS, triglycerides (TGs), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and total cholesterol (TC) were measured by enzymatic methods using commercial kits. The low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) concentration was obtained using the Friede-Wald formula. To assess dietary habits, a food frequency questionnaire (147 items) was used at baseline and the end of the study. A value less than < 0.05 was considered to indicate statistical significance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The TG concentration decreased significantly in the intervention group (mean (SD): 166.29 (70.01) mg/dL to 142.22 (48.05) mg/dL, p = 0.047). Changes in the placebo group were not significant (p > 0.05). After adjusting for baseline values and demographic characteristics, the difference in TG between groups remained significant (p = 0.044). Changes in other biochemical parameters were not significant. There was no significant difference between or within groups in terms of food groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>OEA, as a complementary agent, plays a protective role in TG regulation. However, future studies with longer durations are needed to explore the impact of OEA on regulating dietary habits and to identify the mechanisms related to metabolic abnormalities in obese people.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>The study was registered in the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT) center as IRCT201607132017N30 with URL. www.IRCT.IR in date 03/10/2016.</p>","PeriodicalId":9152,"journal":{"name":"BMC Endocrine Disorders","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11460158/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142387976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}