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The effect of temperature and hemodilution on activated clotting time during coronary artery bypass grafting 温度和血液稀释对冠状动脉搭桥术中活化凝血时间的影响
Pub Date : 2022-04-19 DOI: 10.47262/bl/8.1.20210811
Activated clotting time (ACT) is an important test to measure the anticoagulation in cardiac surgeries. In this study different factors were examined which affect ACT during Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG). Blood Samples from 21 patients were taken and examined by using ACTALYKE MINI II. Once CPB initiated, the effect of hemodilution was measured on pre-CPB ACT value (P<0.05). Hemodilution occurred at the start of CPB caused a prolongation of ACT. After aorta was cross clamped, patient was cooled moderately to 32±2°C. The ACT value increased in the result (P<0.05) which proved significant. This change was due to low metabolic rate and decreased function of enzymes. Before termination patient was rewarmed to normothermia 36±1°C. This increase in temperature caused a decrease in ACT value (P<0.05). This change occurred due to an increase in metabolic rate and functioning of clotting enzymes, also there was a decrease in the blood volume due to urination. These findings can be used for better management of anticoagulation during CPB. So, ACT value has a direct relationship with hemodilution and inverse relationship with temperature.
活化凝血时间(ACT)是衡量心脏手术抗凝作用的重要指标。本研究探讨了影响冠状动脉旁路移植术(CABG)中ACT的不同因素。采用ACTALYKE MINI II对21例患者的血液进行了检测。CPB启动后,测定血液稀释对CPB前ACT值的影响(P<0.05)。CPB开始时发生的血液稀释导致ACT延长。主动脉交叉夹紧后,适度冷却至32±2°C。结果表明,ACT值显著升高(P<0.05)。这种变化是由于低代谢率和酶的功能下降。终止妊娠前将患者重新加热至常温36±1℃。温度升高导致ACT值降低(P<0.05)。这种变化是由于代谢率和凝血酶功能的增加,以及由于排尿而导致的血容量的减少。这些发现可用于CPB期间更好的抗凝管理。因此,ACT值与血液稀释成正相关,与温度成反比。
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引用次数: 0
Toxicological assessment of nanoparticles and microplastics 纳米颗粒和微塑料的毒理学评价
Pub Date : 2022-04-09 DOI: 10.47262/bl/8.1.20220101
According to National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), microplastics are small plastic particles of less than 0.2 inches (5 millimeters) long and considered as sesame seeds. The microplastics (MPs) reach the rivers, lakes, and oceans after being flushed into sewers. Nanoparticles (NPs) are colloidal particles within the size range of 1 to 100 nanometers (nm). Secondary NPs occurred naturally by the degradation of macro and microplastic waste materials and are more heterogenous than primary NPs. The damaged biomolecules lead to the occurrence of numerous reactions including inflammatory response, cell death, tissue damage, and DNA damage. Free radical generation (non-enzymatic antioxidants) and antioxidant defenses helps to balance the excess ROS and repair the damaged cells to reduce oxidative stress. NPs and MPs eventually move to the aquatic environment followed by the entrance of NPs and MPs into the bodies of aquatic animals to cause harmful effects. NPs may also dramatically increase the CAT and SOD activities. MPs and NPs are very harmful to the organisms however combined with other chemical components. These components are cause serious harmful to the fish and damage the nervous system of fish. NPs and MPs can also cross the blood brain barriers in the brains of fish.
根据美国国家海洋和大气管理局(NOAA)的说法,微塑料是长度小于0.2英寸(5毫米)的小塑料颗粒,被认为是芝麻。微塑料(MPs)被冲入下水道后进入河流、湖泊和海洋。纳米粒子(NPs)是一种胶体粒子,粒径范围在1到100纳米之间。次生NPs通过宏观和微塑料废物的降解自然产生,并且比初级NPs更具异质性。受损的生物分子会导致多种反应的发生,包括炎症反应、细胞死亡、组织损伤和DNA损伤。自由基的产生(非酶促抗氧化剂)和抗氧化防御有助于平衡过量的活性氧,修复受损细胞,减少氧化应激。NPs和MPs最终进入水生环境,随后NPs和MPs进入水生动物体内,造成有害影响。NPs还可显著提高CAT和SOD活性。MPs和NPs对生物体非常有害,但与其他化学成分结合在一起。这些成分对鱼类造成严重危害,损害鱼类的神经系统。NPs和MPs也能穿过鱼脑中的血脑屏障。
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引用次数: 2
Poultry feed contamination and its potential hazards on human health 家禽饲料污染及其对人体健康的潜在危害
Pub Date : 2022-03-30 DOI: 10.47262/bl/8.1.20210901
The poultry farm industry is growing quickly and tremendously contributing to meeting the increasing protein demand of the rapidly growing population through eggs and meat supplementation. It is a good and cheap source of low cholesterol and high protein meat and provides essential amino acids, vitamins and minerals. The poultry industry is big and developing worldwide. Because of the tremendous commercialization of poultry farms and the increased number of birds in poultry farms, there was a need to prepare poultry feed on an industrial scale. Because of industrialization and increasing environmental pollution, there are much higher chances that poultry feed may get contaminated with some toxic compounds during the process of preparation. Hazards associated with animal feed can be chemical, biological, or physical. Contamination of poultry feed may occur during handling, storage and transportation, or it may result from accidental or deliberate. Risk management should be based upon prevention rather than reaction after detection of the problem. Food safety hazards should be taken seriously to control side adverse effects on animals and humans. So, governments should take strict measures to avoid any toxic contamination hazardous to human health.
家禽养殖业正在迅速发展,通过补充鸡蛋和肉类,为满足快速增长的人口日益增长的蛋白质需求做出了巨大贡献。它是低胆固醇和高蛋白肉的优质廉价来源,并提供必需的氨基酸、维生素和矿物质。家禽业规模庞大,在世界范围内都在发展。由于家禽养殖场的巨大商业化和家禽养殖场中鸟类数量的增加,有必要以工业规模制备家禽饲料。由于工业化和日益严重的环境污染,家禽饲料在制备过程中被某些有毒化合物污染的可能性要高得多。与动物饲料有关的危害可以是化学的、生物的或物理的。家禽饲料污染可能发生在处理、储存和运输过程中,也可能是意外或故意造成的。风险管理应该基于预防,而不是发现问题后的反应。应重视食品安全危害,控制对动物和人类的不良影响。因此,政府应该采取严格的措施,以避免任何有毒污染危害人类健康。
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引用次数: 2
Effect of insufflated CO2 during laparoscopic surgeries on end tidal CO2 concentration using capnography 腹腔镜手术中注气CO2对终末潮汐CO2浓度的影响
Pub Date : 2022-03-25 DOI: 10.47262/bl/8.1.20220131
Use of laparoscopic surgeries become a best alternate for laparotomy and is used for the diagnostic as well as therapeutic purposes in patients presented for gynecological surgeries. Advantages include; reduction in postoperative persistent obstruction of intestine, aches, hospitalization, health expenses and problems relating to surgical wounds. Its procedure includes a brief period of intraperitoneal carbon dioxide (CO2) insufflation. Although this insufflation of carbon dioxide (CO2) is continued for a very short period of time causes deleterious physiological changes in respiratory system, lung volumes and gas exchange through alveoli. Purpose of conducting the study to understand the determination of effect of blowing of CO2 to intraperitoneal cavity during laparoscopic surgeries on end tidal CO2. A prospective descriptive study was done after the ethical approval from the concerned departments. End tidal CO2 (EtCO2) concentration was recorded in intervals at pre-induction of anesthesia before insufflation and termed this as baseline concentration of the said gas, then recorded at 10-mmHg, between 10-15 mmHg, at 15-mmHg of intraperitoneal pressure and at the cessation of the surgery. End tidal CO2 (EtCO2) after CO2 insufflation during laparoscopic surgeries is compared with the baseline EtCO2. Upon assessing the data, EtCO2 increased slightly after CO2 insufflation and considerably after the surgical incision. After completion of the laparoscopic surgery, the EtCO2 exhibited a trend to baseline value. This study concludes that the patients who were otherwise healthy and were just undergoing laparoscopic surgeries, EtCO2 surges slightly subsequent to CO2 insufflation and readily comes to baseline value.
使用腹腔镜手术成为剖腹手术的最佳替代,并用于诊断和治疗目的的患者提出妇科手术。优势包括:减少术后持续性肠梗阻、疼痛、住院、医疗费用和与手术伤口有关的问题。其程序包括短暂的腹腔内二氧化碳(CO2)注入。虽然这种二氧化碳(CO2)的吸入持续很短的时间,但会引起呼吸系统、肺容量和肺泡气体交换的有害生理变化。目的了解腹腔镜手术中腹腔吹入CO2对终潮CO2影响的测定。经有关部门伦理批准后,进行前瞻性描述性研究。在麻醉诱导前每隔一段时间记录一次末潮CO2 (EtCO2)浓度,并将其称为所述气体的基线浓度,然后记录10-mmHg、10-15 mmHg、15 mmHg腹腔内压力和手术结束时的浓度。将腹腔镜手术中CO2注入后的末潮CO2 (EtCO2)与基线EtCO2进行比较。经评估数据,CO2注入后EtCO2略有增加,手术切口后明显增加。腹腔镜手术完成后,EtCO2有向基线值趋近的趋势。本研究的结论是,在其他方面健康且刚刚接受腹腔镜手术的患者中,EtCO2在CO2注入后略有上升,并很容易达到基线值。
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引用次数: 0
Efficient production of lysine from genetically modified Corynebacterium glutamicum by feedback inhibition resistant strain 利用反馈抑制抗性菌株从转基因谷氨酸棒状杆菌高效生产赖氨酸
Pub Date : 2022-03-01 DOI: 10.47262/bl/8.1.20220105
Lysine is an essential amino acid required for the synthesis of proteins. Lysine deficiency leads to numerous irreversible damages to the brain and other body organs. It plays a vital role in the treatment of osteoporosis and Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV). Lysine is commonly produced through fermentation. However, its efficient production is still a bottle neck. The wild strains of microorganisms are unable to produce sufficient amino acid. The current study was designed to enhance the lysine production through feedback inhibition resistant strains. N-methyl-N-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (NTG) was utilized to mutate the Corynebacterium glutamicum strain B391 to increase the production of Lysine. C. glutamicum was used as fermenting agent and cultivated in molasses-based media. S-β-aminoethyl-L-cysteine (AEC) lysine analogue resistant mutants were selected. It was observed that 30 g/L and 55 g/L of lysine were produced by the parent and mutant strains, respectively. The increase in lysine production was observed with 10% of sugar concentration in 100 mL of molasses media (6.5 pH, and temperature 30°C) with inoculum size of 8%. Furthermore, two different molasses media with different ingredients (termed M1 and M2) were used for the lysine production. The lysine production M-2 was observed more prominent.
赖氨酸是合成蛋白质所必需的氨基酸。赖氨酸缺乏会对大脑和其他身体器官造成不可逆转的损害。它在治疗骨质疏松症和单纯疱疹病毒(HSV)中起着至关重要的作用。赖氨酸通常通过发酵产生。然而,它的高效生产仍然是一个瓶颈。微生物的野生菌株不能产生足够的氨基酸。本研究旨在通过反馈抑制抗性菌株提高赖氨酸产量。利用n -甲基-n -硝基-n -亚硝基胍(NTG)诱变谷氨酸棒状杆菌B391以提高赖氨酸的产量。以谷氨酰胺为发酵剂,在糖蜜培养基中培养谷氨酰胺。选择S-β-氨基乙基- l-半胱氨酸(AEC)赖氨酸类似物抗性突变体。亲本菌株和突变菌株的赖氨酸产量分别为30 g/L和55 g/L。在100 mL糖蜜培养基(6.5 pH, 30°C)中,接种量为8%,糖浓度为10%时,赖氨酸产量增加。此外,两种不同成分的糖蜜培养基(称为M1和M2)用于赖氨酸的生产。赖氨酸生成M-2更为显著。
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引用次数: 0
Elucidation of resistance acquisition between various genera of gram-negative bacteria 不同属革兰氏阴性菌耐药性获得的研究
Pub Date : 2022-02-27 DOI: 10.47262/bl/8.1.20211115
The antimicrobial agents have the potential to maintain the selective pressure on bacteria. Bacteria can alter various mechanisms for survival under selective pressure. Thus, the bacteria acquire resistance through conjugation from co-existing bacteria during antimicrobial stress. The study was designed experimentally to investigate the acquired resistance on the basis of time against different genera of gram-negative bacteria. The study was conducted at the Department of Pathology, King Edward Medical University, Mayo Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan. E coli strain was sensitive to Ciprofloxacin and Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain was resistant to Ciprofloxacin. The macro broth dilution technique was used to verify the susceptibility of E. coli and P. aeruginosa. 0.5 MacFarland standard solution of E. coli and P. aeruginosa were mixed and kept at the sub-minimal inhibitory concentration (0.781 µg/ml) of Ciprofloxacin for 28 days. MIC of Ciprofloxacin was measured against E. coli at weekly basis. It was observed that the Ciprofloxacin MIC against E. coli after 7, 14, 21 and 28 days were <01 µg/ml, <01 µg/ml, <04 µg/ml and <25 µg/ml respectively. In conclusion, E. coli acquires resistance from P. aeruginosa under selective pressure of sub-minimal concentration of antibiotic Ciprofloxacin in 28 days.
抗菌药物具有维持细菌选择性压力的潜力。在选择压力下,细菌可以改变各种生存机制。因此,细菌在抗菌素胁迫下通过与共存细菌的结合获得耐药性。本实验旨在探讨不同革兰氏阴性菌获得性耐药性的时间基础。这项研究是在巴基斯坦拉合尔梅奥医院爱德华国王医科大学病理学系进行的。大肠杆菌对环丙沙星敏感,铜绿假单胞菌对环丙沙星耐药。采用浓汤稀释法对大肠杆菌和铜绿假单胞菌进行药敏试验。将0.5 MacFarland标准溶液与P. aeruginosa混合,在环丙沙星亚最小抑制浓度(0.781µg/ml)下保存28 d。每周测定环丙沙星对大肠杆菌的MIC。结果表明,环丙沙星对大肠杆菌的MIC作用时间为7、14、21、28 d,分别为<01µg/ml、<01µg/ml、<04µg/ml、<25µg/ml。综上所述,大肠杆菌在亚最低浓度环丙沙星的选择压力下,在28天内获得了对铜绿假单胞菌的耐药性。
{"title":"Elucidation of resistance acquisition between various genera of gram-negative bacteria","authors":"","doi":"10.47262/bl/8.1.20211115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47262/bl/8.1.20211115","url":null,"abstract":"The antimicrobial agents have the potential to maintain the selective pressure on bacteria. Bacteria can alter various mechanisms for survival under selective pressure. Thus, the bacteria acquire resistance through conjugation from co-existing bacteria during antimicrobial stress. The study was designed experimentally to investigate the acquired resistance on the basis of time against different genera of gram-negative bacteria. The study was conducted at the Department of Pathology, King Edward Medical University, Mayo Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan. E coli strain was sensitive to Ciprofloxacin and Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain was resistant to Ciprofloxacin. The macro broth dilution technique was used to verify the susceptibility of E. coli and P. aeruginosa. 0.5 MacFarland standard solution of E. coli and P. aeruginosa were mixed and kept at the sub-minimal inhibitory concentration (0.781 µg/ml) of Ciprofloxacin for 28 days. MIC of Ciprofloxacin was measured against E. coli at weekly basis. It was observed that the Ciprofloxacin MIC against E. coli after 7, 14, 21 and 28 days were <01 µg/ml, <01 µg/ml, <04 µg/ml and <25 µg/ml respectively. In conclusion, E. coli acquires resistance from P. aeruginosa under selective pressure of sub-minimal concentration of antibiotic Ciprofloxacin in 28 days.","PeriodicalId":9154,"journal":{"name":"Biomedical Letters","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84125291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Eucalyptus plantation in Pakistan: Holistic View of Environmental-Socioeconomic and Medicinal Perspective 巴基斯坦桉树种植:环境、社会经济和医学视角的整体观点
Pub Date : 2022-02-26 DOI: 10.47262/bl/8.1.20211014
Eucalyptus (family Myrtaceae), an Australian native, is the world’s most widely planted hardwood tree. Owing to their outstanding diversity, adaptability, and faster growth characteristics, it is they are considered as a global renewable resource of fiber and energy. In Pakistan, Eucalyptus is most planted tree (over 700 species), adopted in different agro-ecological zones. In one side, Eucalyptus plantation has many established harmful effects on changing the soil chemistry and causes to drop the ground water level, while on other side, it has so many socio-economic and medicinal-use advantages. Considering the all controversies and applied- advantages of eucalyptus plantation, here in this review, we summarized the literature on ecological, socio-economic prospective of eucalyptus in Pakistan. Additionally, study aims to highlight the harmful effects of eucalyptus plantation to environment especially ground water and its impressive medicinal-curative effects to different medical illnesses. We also presented the list of recommendations regarding the government actions toward the future prospective of eucalyptus plantation in the country.
桉树(桃金娘科),原产于澳大利亚,是世界上种植最广泛的硬木树。由于其突出的多样性、适应性和较快的生长特性,被认为是一种全球性的可再生纤维和能源资源。在巴基斯坦,桉树是种植最多的树种(超过700种),被用于不同的农业生态区。一方面,桉树人工林对改变土壤化学和导致地下水位下降有许多已知的有害影响,另一方面,桉树人工林具有许多社会经济和药用优势。考虑到桉树人工林存在的各种争议和应用优势,本文对有关桉树在巴基斯坦的生态、社会经济前景的文献进行了综述。此外,本研究旨在强调桉树人工林对环境特别是地下水的有害影响,以及桉树人工林对不同医学疾病令人印象深刻的医学疗效。我们还提出了针对我国桉树人工林未来前景的政府行动建议清单。
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引用次数: 1
Clinical investigation of COVID-19 related pneumonia through HRCT chest scan HRCT胸部扫描新冠肺炎临床调查
Pub Date : 2022-01-28 DOI: 10.47262/bl/8.1.20211112
Coronavirus causes infections from moderate to severe such as SARS and MERS. The working of the heart, respiratory system and the number of respiratory disorders is the most severe effects of COVID-19. In most cases, novel corona virus may eventually cause death. Current study was planned to evaluate the symptoms caused by COVID-19 and damage of COVID-19with respect of each lobe of both lungs. Chest CT scan (chest HRCT scans) was used to check the lungs damage caused by corona virus. In male patient's severity of COVID-19 was higher (Maximum HRCT score= 20) as compared to female patients (Maximum HRCT score = 16). With increasing of age severity of pneumonia also increased. In the age group 18-36 years, no individual was observed with severe COVID-19 while in older adults (37-80 years) 25% patients were observed with severe severed symptoms. COVID-19 cause more damage to left lung as compared to right lung. Among upper lobes and lower lobes of both lungs, SARS-CoV-II caused more damage to lower lobes (mean HRCT score lower lobe= 3.33±1.23; 3.17±1.47 for right and left lung respectively). The comparative analyses of both the lungs were performed and it was observed that the upper (mean HRCT score = 2.42±1.16) and lower lobe (3.33±1.23) of right lungs was more affected than left upper lobe (mean HRCT score =2.33±1.07) and lower lobe (3.17±1.47). Usually, COVID-19 affects the lungs leads to serious consequences. Pneumonia was observed with little air sacs that make up the lungs become inflamed and fills with fluid. Pneumonia is more likely to attack both the lungs in COVID-19.
冠状病毒可引起SARS和MERS等中重度感染。心脏、呼吸系统的工作和呼吸系统疾病的数量是COVID-19最严重的影响。在大多数情况下,新型冠状病毒最终可能导致死亡。本研究拟评估COVID-19引起的症状和双肺各叶的COVID-19损伤。胸部CT扫描(胸部HRCT扫描)检查冠状病毒引起的肺部损伤。男性患者的严重程度(最高HRCT评分= 20)高于女性患者(最高HRCT评分= 16)。随着年龄的增加,肺炎的严重程度也随之增加。在18-36岁年龄组中,没有观察到严重的COVID-19个体,而在老年人(37-80岁)中,有25%的患者观察到严重的切断症状。与右肺相比,新冠肺炎对左肺的损害更大。在双肺上肺叶和下肺叶中,SARS-CoV-II对下肺叶的损害更大(下肺叶HRCT平均评分= 3.33±1.23;左右肺分别为3.17±1.47)。两肺对比分析发现右肺上叶(HRCT平均评分为2.42±1.16)、下叶(3.33±1.23)较左上叶(HRCT平均评分为2.33±1.07)、下叶(3.17±1.47)加重。通常,COVID-19会影响肺部,导致严重后果。肺炎观察到组成肺部的小气囊发炎并充满液体。在COVID-19中,肺炎更有可能攻击双肺。
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引用次数: 1
Mode of inheritance for hypotrichosis in families of Sahiwal Division, Punjab, Pakistan 巴基斯坦旁遮普省Sahiwal地区多毛症家族遗传模式
Pub Date : 2022-01-28 DOI: 10.47262/bl/8.1.20211103
Congenital hypotrichosis is a major genetic disorder of hair-growth that affects millions of people all around the world. In this study, hypotrichosis was studied in the affected families in the district of Sahiwal. A wide survey was conducted in both rural and urban areas of district Sahiwal. For additional investigation and pedigree construction, five families were selected after the survey was completed for further analyses. Verbal consent was taken from the participants to assure them that the information and data was taken with their complete willingness and harmony, without any pressure. During the survey, each family was thoroughly interrogated, and the pedigree was constructed. The pedigree analyses were used to determine the prevalence of hypotrichosis and origin of mutation in each family. A pedigree analyses of hypotrichosis-infected individuals found that the disease was handed down through generations. In each generation of infected families, some people remain unaffected showed that the disease was genetically recessive disorder. Overall prevalence of this genetic disorder was 25.82S% in the selected families. The hypotrichosis affected 55 individuals out of 213 individuals in studied families. In the current study, the prevalence of this disease varied across all reported families. The prevalence rate of the disease in UOA was 17.24%, in UOB was 20.00%, in UOC was 41.94%, in UOD was 23.40% and in UOE was 40.740% of the families. The present study concluded that hypotrichosis in the selected families were persistent for at least three generations and the mode of inheritance was autosomal recessive.
先天性毛少症是一种主要的遗传性毛发生长疾病,影响着全世界数百万人。本研究对Sahiwal地区受影响家庭的毛少症进行了研究。在Sahiwal区的农村和城市地区进行了广泛的调查。为了进一步调查和建立家系,调查结束后选择了5个家系进行进一步分析。得到了参与者的口头同意,向他们保证这些信息和数据是在他们完全愿意和和谐的情况下获得的,没有任何压力。在调查过程中,对每个家庭进行了彻底的询问,并构建了谱系。家谱分析用于确定每个家庭中毛少病的患病率和突变的起源。对低毛线虫感染个体的系谱分析发现,这种疾病是代代相传的。在每一代受感染的家庭中,有些人仍然未受影响,这表明这种疾病是遗传隐性疾病。在所选家庭中,这种遗传疾病的总体患病率为25.82%。在研究的家庭中,213个人中有55个人患有毛少症。在目前的研究中,这种疾病的患病率在所有报告的家庭中都有所不同。家庭中UOA患病率为17.24%,UOB患病率为20.00%,UOC患病率为41.94%,UOD患病率为23.40%,UOE患病率为40.740%。本研究认为,所选家族中毛少病至少持续三代,遗传模式为常染色体隐性遗传。
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引用次数: 0
A significant association between acid-alkaline imbalance and obesity of adolescent college girls 青春期女大学生酸碱失衡与肥胖的关系
Pub Date : 2022-01-28 DOI: 10.47262/bl/8.1.20211119
Obesity has become a major health concern in the past few decades. It is quite threatening that it is now a common problem among our adults, especially girls. The possible reason for this alarming increase is might acid-alkaline imbalance by the disproportional diet of our young girls. Therefore, current research was planned to identify an association between acid-alkaline imbalance and obesity of adolescent college girls. The nutritional and acid-alkaline status of 428 college girls aged between seventeen-nineteen years from Government Girls Higher Secondary school, Nishatabad, Faisalabad, were evaluated in this prospective study. Blood, saliva, and urine samples were used as study instruments, along with a food frequency questionnaire and anthropometric measures. Based on Body Mass Index (BMI), 227, 178, and 23 volunteers were found to be normal weight, underweight and obese, respectively. The anthropometrics, indicative biomarkers, and dietary intakes of all volunteers were assessed. It is found that weight (63.19±1.57 kg), BMI (29.17±0.64 kg/m²), body fat (34.45±0.58 %), body water (47.73±0.42%), and muscle mass (34.65±0.22%) of obese girls fluctuates significantly from normal ones and international standards. Drastic and significant variations in acid-alkaline status were found in obese girls as depicted by pH values of blood (7.35±0.01), saliva (5.46±0.13), and urine (5.77±0.11). Very pitiable, inadequate, and imbalanced dietary intakes were explored in obese students as indicated by servings of junk foods (4.82±0.53), fats, oils, & sweets group (4.56±1.09), vegetable group (0.86±0.09), and fruit group (1.72±0.18). A positive association was found in some dietary intakes and indicative biomarkers. Malnutrition resulted in meager anthropometrics, imbalance of acid-alkaline status, and obesity in adolescent college girls.
在过去的几十年里,肥胖已经成为一个主要的健康问题。这是相当具有威胁性的,它现在是一个普遍的问题,我们的成年人,特别是女孩。造成这一惊人增长的可能原因是我们年轻女孩不成比例的饮食造成的酸碱失衡。因此,目前的研究计划是确定酸-碱失衡与青春期女大学生肥胖之间的关系。本前瞻性研究评估了来自Nishatabad, Faisalabad, Government girls Higher Secondary school,年龄在17 - 19岁之间的428名女大学生的营养和酸碱状况。血液、唾液和尿液样本以及食物频率问卷和人体测量数据被用作研究工具。根据身体质量指数(BMI),分别有227名、178名和23名志愿者体重正常、体重过轻和肥胖。对所有志愿者的人体测量、指示性生物标志物和饮食摄入量进行了评估。肥胖女生的体重(63.19±1.57 kg)、BMI(29.17±0.64 kg/m²)、体脂(34.45±0.58%)、体水(47.73±0.42%)、肌质量(34.65±0.22%)与正常及国际标准存在显著差异。肥胖女生血液pH值(7.35±0.01)、唾液pH值(5.46±0.13)和尿液pH值(5.77±0.11)的酸碱状态变化剧烈且显著。肥胖学生的饮食摄取量为垃圾食品(4.82±0.53),脂肪、油、糖组(4.56±1.09),蔬菜组(0.86±0.09),水果组(1.72±0.18)。在一些饮食摄入量和指示性生物标志物中发现了正相关。营养不良导致青春期女大学生的人体测量值偏低、酸碱状态失衡和肥胖。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Biomedical Letters
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