Pub Date : 2018-05-02DOI: 10.15406/ICPJL.2018.06.00171
J. Ogolla
Intestinal protozoan and helminthic infections remain a major public health issue in the poorest regions of the world.1‒3 Such regions are usually characterised by poor levels of education, hygiene and sanitation practices, and a high disease burden1,2,4 including intestinal parasitic infections. Food and water remains a major source of most intestinal parasites with food handlers being the reservoirs and transmission agents.5,6
{"title":"Prevalence and factors associated with intestinal protozoan and helminthic infections among certified food handlers in Eldoret town, Uasin Gishu county in Kenya","authors":"J. Ogolla","doi":"10.15406/ICPJL.2018.06.00171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/ICPJL.2018.06.00171","url":null,"abstract":"Intestinal protozoan and helminthic infections remain a major public health issue in the poorest regions of the world.1‒3 Such regions are usually characterised by poor levels of education, hygiene and sanitation practices, and a high disease burden1,2,4 including intestinal parasitic infections. Food and water remains a major source of most intestinal parasites with food handlers being the reservoirs and transmission agents.5,6","PeriodicalId":92215,"journal":{"name":"International clinical pathology journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48440581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-04-27DOI: 10.15406/ICPJL.2018.06.00170
Tazeen Jeelani, Suhail Mushtaq, R. Makhdoomi
A 60 years old smoker, normotensive, non‒diabetic presented with chief complaints of cough, fever and weight loss for 20 days. On examination the patient was conscious, co‒operative, well oriented, with a respiratory rate of 18/min, blood pressure of 120/70 and pulse rate of 86/min. Cardiovascular and per‒abdomen examination were clinically normal. However, on auscultation decreased breath sounds were found on left lower side of chest. Chest radiograph revealed a lesion in the left lung. CT scan (contrast enhanced) of chest was done which showed a 71x59mm cystic lesion in the superior segment of left lower lobe. Cyst showed internal septations without calcification. USG abdomen and PFT (pulmonary function tests) were normal. Hydrated serology was negative and not suggestive. Routine complete blood counts, LFT (liver function test) and KFT (kidney function tests), were within normal limits. The patient underwent left postero‒lateral thoracotomy with lower lobe lobectomy. Intra‒operatively there was large bronchogenic mass occupying almost whole of the left lobe with multiple hilar nodes. On gross examination, we received a lobe of lung measuring 15x9.5x5cm. Serial slicing of the lung showed a well circumscribed mass measuring 7x8cm. Cut section showed variegated appearance with extensive hemorrhagic and necrotic areas. On light microscopy a spindle cell tumour was seen with cells having moderate to severe pleomorphism and mitosis of >10/10hpf, and extensive areas of necrosis (Figure 1a) (Figure 1b).
{"title":"Primary pulmonary MPNST?A rare case report","authors":"Tazeen Jeelani, Suhail Mushtaq, R. Makhdoomi","doi":"10.15406/ICPJL.2018.06.00170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/ICPJL.2018.06.00170","url":null,"abstract":"A 60 years old smoker, normotensive, non‒diabetic presented with chief complaints of cough, fever and weight loss for 20 days. On examination the patient was conscious, co‒operative, well oriented, with a respiratory rate of 18/min, blood pressure of 120/70 and pulse rate of 86/min. Cardiovascular and per‒abdomen examination were clinically normal. However, on auscultation decreased breath sounds were found on left lower side of chest. Chest radiograph revealed a lesion in the left lung. CT scan (contrast enhanced) of chest was done which showed a 71x59mm cystic lesion in the superior segment of left lower lobe. Cyst showed internal septations without calcification. USG abdomen and PFT (pulmonary function tests) were normal. Hydrated serology was negative and not suggestive. Routine complete blood counts, LFT (liver function test) and KFT (kidney function tests), were within normal limits. The patient underwent left postero‒lateral thoracotomy with lower lobe lobectomy. Intra‒operatively there was large bronchogenic mass occupying almost whole of the left lobe with multiple hilar nodes. On gross examination, we received a lobe of lung measuring 15x9.5x5cm. Serial slicing of the lung showed a well circumscribed mass measuring 7x8cm. Cut section showed variegated appearance with extensive hemorrhagic and necrotic areas. On light microscopy a spindle cell tumour was seen with cells having moderate to severe pleomorphism and mitosis of >10/10hpf, and extensive areas of necrosis (Figure 1a) (Figure 1b).","PeriodicalId":92215,"journal":{"name":"International clinical pathology journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42749579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-04-13DOI: 10.15406/ICPJL.2018.06.00168
P. Kumar, V. Dhupar, Francis, Akkara
Mature Tor natural killer (NK)/T-cell lymphoma makes up only 5% to 18% of all cases of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). The relative frequency and optimal therapy for these disorders is not well defined. Extra nodal NK/T-cell lymphoma is a distinct entity in the World Health Organization (WHO) classification [1]. It is more prevalent in Asians and Native Americans, occurs most often in adults, and almost always occurs in extranodal sites with a predilection for the upper airway including nasal passages, paranasal sinuses, and nasopharynx [2,3]. Extranasal sites include skin, soft tissue, and the gastrointestinal tract. Extranodal (NK)/ T-cell lymphoma nasal type is a rare entity with an extremely aggressive nature. We report a unique case of extranodal NK/Tcell lymphoma, nasal type, in a 48-year-old Indian male presenting with progressively increasing hemi facial swelling, periorbital edema and uncontrolled diabetes mellitus mimicking Orofacial infection. Our case demonstrates how the acute presentation of an aggressive extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type, can present in a similar fashion to canine space swelling. Through this report we would like to stress on considering an occult malignancy as differential diagnosis in individuals with altered immune function not responding to conventional treatment and also the role of immuno histochemistry in diagnosing such aggressive tumors.
{"title":"Extra nodal natural killer lymphoma mimicking canine Fossa infection–a clinical report","authors":"P. Kumar, V. Dhupar, Francis, Akkara","doi":"10.15406/ICPJL.2018.06.00168","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/ICPJL.2018.06.00168","url":null,"abstract":"Mature Tor natural killer (NK)/T-cell lymphoma makes up only 5% to 18% of all cases of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). The relative frequency and optimal therapy for these disorders is not well defined. Extra nodal NK/T-cell lymphoma is a distinct entity in the World Health Organization (WHO) classification [1]. It is more prevalent in Asians and Native Americans, occurs most often in adults, and almost always occurs in extranodal sites with a predilection for the upper airway including nasal passages, paranasal sinuses, and nasopharynx [2,3]. Extranasal sites include skin, soft tissue, and the gastrointestinal tract. Extranodal (NK)/ T-cell lymphoma nasal type is a rare entity with an extremely aggressive nature. We report a unique case of extranodal NK/Tcell lymphoma, nasal type, in a 48-year-old Indian male presenting with progressively increasing hemi facial swelling, periorbital edema and uncontrolled diabetes mellitus mimicking Orofacial infection. Our case demonstrates how the acute presentation of an aggressive extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma, nasal type, can present in a similar fashion to canine space swelling. Through this report we would like to stress on considering an occult malignancy as differential diagnosis in individuals with altered immune function not responding to conventional treatment and also the role of immuno histochemistry in diagnosing such aggressive tumors.","PeriodicalId":92215,"journal":{"name":"International clinical pathology journal","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41484115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-03-29DOI: 10.15406/icpjl.2018.06.00167
K. Palial, D. Roskell, G. Wathuge
In the United Kingdom (UK), thyroid cytology reporting is based on the British Thyroid Association (BTA)/Royal College of Pathologists (RCPath) Thy classification. This includes Thy1 (nondiagnostic), Thy2 (benign), Thy3a (cytological/architectural atypia), Thy3f (suggestive of a follicular neoplasm), Thy4 (suspicious of malignancy) and Thy5 (malignant). This system allows consistent and reproducible reporting of thyroid cytology specimens, and provides a basis for clear communication on which the management of patients with abnormal FNAs can be based.1,2
{"title":"Diagnostic accuracy of thyroid cytology reporting between a general and a specialist histopathology department, over a five year period","authors":"K. Palial, D. Roskell, G. Wathuge","doi":"10.15406/icpjl.2018.06.00167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/icpjl.2018.06.00167","url":null,"abstract":"In the United Kingdom (UK), thyroid cytology reporting is based on the British Thyroid Association (BTA)/Royal College of Pathologists (RCPath) Thy classification. This includes Thy1 (nondiagnostic), Thy2 (benign), Thy3a (cytological/architectural atypia), Thy3f (suggestive of a follicular neoplasm), Thy4 (suspicious of malignancy) and Thy5 (malignant). This system allows consistent and reproducible reporting of thyroid cytology specimens, and provides a basis for clear communication on which the management of patients with abnormal FNAs can be based.1,2","PeriodicalId":92215,"journal":{"name":"International clinical pathology journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47532034","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-03-22DOI: 10.15406/icpjl.2018.06.00164
G. Hachem
{"title":"Soft tissue sarcoma, a multidisciplinary team decision: all experts for one correct management","authors":"G. Hachem","doi":"10.15406/icpjl.2018.06.00164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/icpjl.2018.06.00164","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":92215,"journal":{"name":"International clinical pathology journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46614172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-03-22DOI: 10.15406/ICPJL.2018.06.00166
S. Sayd, Suresh Vyloppilli, K. Gopinath, Ashna Br
In 1927 Dewey1 was the first to report a benign cementoblastoma, which is a relatively rare odontogenic neoplasm of the jaws and is the only true neoplasm of cementum origin.2 At a prevalence of less than 1% to 6.2%, it affects the younger population more. Their characteristic feature is their close attachment to the roots, which commonly involves the roots of the second premolar or first molar in the lower jaw. Its association with the impacted or partially impacted tooth is a rarity.3 They are usually asymptomatic, pain and swelling being the common findings if symptomatic.4
{"title":"Cementoblastoma–a review of literature","authors":"S. Sayd, Suresh Vyloppilli, K. Gopinath, Ashna Br","doi":"10.15406/ICPJL.2018.06.00166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/ICPJL.2018.06.00166","url":null,"abstract":"In 1927 Dewey1 was the first to report a benign cementoblastoma, which is a relatively rare odontogenic neoplasm of the jaws and is the only true neoplasm of cementum origin.2 At a prevalence of less than 1% to 6.2%, it affects the younger population more. Their characteristic feature is their close attachment to the roots, which commonly involves the roots of the second premolar or first molar in the lower jaw. Its association with the impacted or partially impacted tooth is a rarity.3 They are usually asymptomatic, pain and swelling being the common findings if symptomatic.4","PeriodicalId":92215,"journal":{"name":"International clinical pathology journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48294836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-03-19DOI: 10.15406/icpjl.2018.06.00163
G. Gogoi, S. Kar, A. Manta, S. M. Baruah
Reliability of platelet estimation is essential to make clinical decision specially when platelet transfusion is considered (Figure 1). It is widely accepted that automation in hematology yield high precision and accuracy in haematological parameters in normal individuals.1–5 However, automated counting is still very controversial in cases of thrombocytopenic patients in which other small particles could generate electrical or optical signals that are similar to platelets, such as debris and red cell fragments.4,6–11
{"title":"The grey zone of thrombocytopenia: accuracy of automated analyser vs manual method","authors":"G. Gogoi, S. Kar, A. Manta, S. M. Baruah","doi":"10.15406/icpjl.2018.06.00163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/icpjl.2018.06.00163","url":null,"abstract":"Reliability of platelet estimation is essential to make clinical decision specially when platelet transfusion is considered (Figure 1). It is widely accepted that automation in hematology yield high precision and accuracy in haematological parameters in normal individuals.1–5 However, automated counting is still very controversial in cases of thrombocytopenic patients in which other small particles could generate electrical or optical signals that are similar to platelets, such as debris and red cell fragments.4,6–11","PeriodicalId":92215,"journal":{"name":"International clinical pathology journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48607220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-03-13DOI: 10.15406/ICPJL.2018.06.00162
P. Balasundaram, Mallikarjuna Vs, Suresh Kr
Lhermite-Duclos disease (LDD) is a distinct entity of the cerebellum by its unique pathological and radiological findings, and strong association with CS. The exact nature of this lesion is unclear, but it has been considered as a hypertrophy, a hamartoma, or a benign neoplasm. The terminologies mentioned previously include hamartoma of the cerebellum, hamartoblastoma, granule cell hypertrophy, diffuse ganglioneuroma of the cerebellar cortex, gangliocytoma myelinicum, myelinated neurocytoma, and Purkinjeoma.4 Most cases are reported in adults and PTEN mutations have been identified in virtually all cases of adult-onset disease.5 The most common clinical presentation is dysmetria. The other signs include signs and symptoms of mass effect including cranial nerve deficits and seizures.6 MRI is a sensitive investigation which reveals enlarged folia with alternating T1hypointense and T-2 hyperintense tiger-striped striations, which do not enhance.7
{"title":"Dysplastic cerebellar gangliocytoma (Lhermite-Duclos disease): a rare entity and review of literature","authors":"P. Balasundaram, Mallikarjuna Vs, Suresh Kr","doi":"10.15406/ICPJL.2018.06.00162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/ICPJL.2018.06.00162","url":null,"abstract":"Lhermite-Duclos disease (LDD) is a distinct entity of the cerebellum by its unique pathological and radiological findings, and strong association with CS. The exact nature of this lesion is unclear, but it has been considered as a hypertrophy, a hamartoma, or a benign neoplasm. The terminologies mentioned previously include hamartoma of the cerebellum, hamartoblastoma, granule cell hypertrophy, diffuse ganglioneuroma of the cerebellar cortex, gangliocytoma myelinicum, myelinated neurocytoma, and Purkinjeoma.4 Most cases are reported in adults and PTEN mutations have been identified in virtually all cases of adult-onset disease.5 The most common clinical presentation is dysmetria. The other signs include signs and symptoms of mass effect including cranial nerve deficits and seizures.6 MRI is a sensitive investigation which reveals enlarged folia with alternating T1hypointense and T-2 hyperintense tiger-striped striations, which do not enhance.7","PeriodicalId":92215,"journal":{"name":"International clinical pathology journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49412060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-03-08DOI: 10.15406/ICPJL.2018.06.00160
P. Bhattacharya, S. Mukherjee, Upasana Bhattacharya, R. Bhattacharya, Ritwick Bhattacharya, Rupsa Bhattacharya, Dalia Mukherjee, Ayishee Mukherjee, Debasis Mukherjee, H. Banerjee, S. Panda, A. Roy
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic inflammatory lung disorder which gradually process to establish fibrosis. This condition is found more commonly in men, but is rarest in younger than age 50 years and median age of diagnosis is about 65 years.1 Although the disease course is variable, unpredictable (some patients progress rapidly, other quite slowly and others have sudden worsening after periods of stability with nintedancib). The median survival time is 2-4 years after diagnosis. Though the incidence of this disease is low in India (0.5), and in the Asian countries (4.2) per 1 lack population per year, the incidence is very high in European and in north American countries, Canada etc and its incidence there is between 2.8-18 per 1 lack population per year. Anti-Inflammatory therapies with prednisolone, or prednisolone with immunosuppressive agents like azathioprine for long years did not improve the outcome rather was found putative and subsequent meta analysis with prednisolone or prednisolone with azathioprine or acytyl cysteine or warfarin or everolemus was later proved to be potentially harmful therapies. Treatment by bosenten, imatinib, mactraintan or sidenafil was also attempted since 2010-2015 but were considered potentially ineffective therapies for IPF. That are now accepted worldwide A tyrosine kinase inhibitors (rho-rho kinase pathway inhibitors) nintedanib and anti fibrogenic agent Pirfenidone (TGFB2 inhibitors). IPF is now generally regarded as a consequence of multiple interacting genetic and environmental risk factors with repetitive local micro injuries to aging alveolar epithelium. These micro injuries stimulate fibroblasts proliferation, produces extra cellular matrix expansions and altered matrix composition and biomechanics, induces matrix produces myofibroblast and aberrant remodeling of lung interstitium.2
{"title":"Is idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis - is environmental or genetic disease - an old wine in a new bottle of treatment","authors":"P. Bhattacharya, S. Mukherjee, Upasana Bhattacharya, R. Bhattacharya, Ritwick Bhattacharya, Rupsa Bhattacharya, Dalia Mukherjee, Ayishee Mukherjee, Debasis Mukherjee, H. Banerjee, S. Panda, A. Roy","doi":"10.15406/ICPJL.2018.06.00160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15406/ICPJL.2018.06.00160","url":null,"abstract":"Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic inflammatory lung disorder which gradually process to establish fibrosis. This condition is found more commonly in men, but is rarest in younger than age 50 years and median age of diagnosis is about 65 years.1 Although the disease course is variable, unpredictable (some patients progress rapidly, other quite slowly and others have sudden worsening after periods of stability with nintedancib). The median survival time is 2-4 years after diagnosis. Though the incidence of this disease is low in India (0.5), and in the Asian countries (4.2) per 1 lack population per year, the incidence is very high in European and in north American countries, Canada etc and its incidence there is between 2.8-18 per 1 lack population per year. Anti-Inflammatory therapies with prednisolone, or prednisolone with immunosuppressive agents like azathioprine for long years did not improve the outcome rather was found putative and subsequent meta analysis with prednisolone or prednisolone with azathioprine or acytyl cysteine or warfarin or everolemus was later proved to be potentially harmful therapies. Treatment by bosenten, imatinib, mactraintan or sidenafil was also attempted since 2010-2015 but were considered potentially ineffective therapies for IPF. That are now accepted worldwide A tyrosine kinase inhibitors (rho-rho kinase pathway inhibitors) nintedanib and anti fibrogenic agent Pirfenidone (TGFB2 inhibitors). IPF is now generally regarded as a consequence of multiple interacting genetic and environmental risk factors with repetitive local micro injuries to aging alveolar epithelium. These micro injuries stimulate fibroblasts proliferation, produces extra cellular matrix expansions and altered matrix composition and biomechanics, induces matrix produces myofibroblast and aberrant remodeling of lung interstitium.2","PeriodicalId":92215,"journal":{"name":"International clinical pathology journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41942532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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