Leydy Dayely Caisaluisa Quimbita, José Luis Bátiz López
La presente investigación fue desarrollada con el objetivo de “determinar el conocimiento sobre medidas preventivas de infecciones de transmisión sexual en adolescentes, tomando como referencia la población de la Unidad Educativa Catorce de Julio-Juan Abel Echeverría” para lo cual se siguió el enfoque cuantitativo de diseño transversal. La muestra censal quedó conformada por un total de 200 adolescentes de la Unidad Educativa Catorce de Julio-Juan Abel Echeverría, quienes respondieron una encuesta para recolectar información sobre el conocimientos de ITS, datos que permitieron determinar que: el 59% era del sexo femenino; el 55% ya habían tenido relaciones sexuales, de los cuales el 47% tuvieron relación sexual entre los 15 y 19 años; el 82% indica que en su primera relación coital puede quedar embarazada; el 57% usa preservativos como método seguro para prevenir ETS; el 75% usa método de barrera; el 18% considera que no puede quedar embaraza en la primera relación con coito por lo que no se protegen; el 8% no usa métodos anticonceptivos; el 89% considera que el método abstinencia es no tener relaciones sexuales. Se estableció que el 57% de los adolescentes de la UE poseen un nivel alto de conocimientos sobre medidas preventivas de infecciones de transmisión sexual, aunque su conocimiento es básico reconocen algunas enfermedades de trasmisión sexual.
本研究的目的是“确定青少年性传播感染预防措施的知识，参考教育单位14 de Julio-Juan Abel echeverria的人口”，为此采用了横断面设计的定量方法。人口普查样本由Julio-Juan Abel echeverria教育单位的200名青少年组成，他们回答了一项调查，以收集关于性传播感染知识的信息，这些数据使我们能够确定59%是女性;55%的人曾经发生过性行为，其中47%的人在15 - 19岁之间发生过性行为;82%的人表示他们可能在第一次性交时怀孕;57%的人使用避孕套作为预防性病的安全方法;75%采用屏障法;18%的人认为他们不能在第一次性交时怀孕，所以他们没有保护自己;8%的人不使用避孕措施;89%的人认为禁欲的方法是不做爱。调查发现，57%的欧盟青少年对性传播感染预防措施的知识水平很高，尽管他们的知识是基本的，认识到一些性传播疾病。
{"title":"Conocimiento sobre medidas preventivas de infecciones de transmisión sexual en adolescentes","authors":"Leydy Dayely Caisaluisa Quimbita, José Luis Bátiz López","doi":"10.14295/bjs.v2i8.349","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14295/bjs.v2i8.349","url":null,"abstract":"La presente investigación fue desarrollada con el objetivo de “determinar el conocimiento sobre medidas preventivas de infecciones de transmisión sexual en adolescentes, tomando como referencia la población de la Unidad Educativa Catorce de Julio-Juan Abel Echeverría” para lo cual se siguió el enfoque cuantitativo de diseño transversal. La muestra censal quedó conformada por un total de 200 adolescentes de la Unidad Educativa Catorce de Julio-Juan Abel Echeverría, quienes respondieron una encuesta para recolectar información sobre el conocimientos de ITS, datos que permitieron determinar que: el 59% era del sexo femenino; el 55% ya habían tenido relaciones sexuales, de los cuales el 47% tuvieron relación sexual entre los 15 y 19 años; el 82% indica que en su primera relación coital puede quedar embarazada; el 57% usa preservativos como método seguro para prevenir ETS; el 75% usa método de barrera; el 18% considera que no puede quedar embaraza en la primera relación con coito por lo que no se protegen; el 8% no usa métodos anticonceptivos; el 89% considera que el método abstinencia es no tener relaciones sexuales. Se estableció que el 57% de los adolescentes de la UE poseen un nivel alto de conocimientos sobre medidas preventivas de infecciones de transmisión sexual, aunque su conocimiento es básico reconocen algunas enfermedades de trasmisión sexual.","PeriodicalId":9244,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90780266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anualmente dezenas de editais de fomento são publicados e disseminados na rede web através de seus próprios sites ou em sites de pesquisa e de marketing, que tem o perfil de disseminar informação nesse âmbito, fazem a obtenção de editais e os disponibilizam em bancos de dados. O desenvolvimento de mais ferramenta como aplicativos indicativo e de disseminação seletiva de editais nas áreas de captação em inovação, tecnologia e empreendedorismo para as principais agências de fomento governamentais prioritariamente (CNPq - Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, FINEP - Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos, e CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior), empresas que tendem publicar editais periodicamente, como as de capital aberto (Petrobrás, Eletrobras), agências de fomentos baianas FAPESB - Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado da Bahia, Coelba - Companhia de Eletricidade do Estado da Bahia, Chesf - Companhia Hidrelétrica do São Francisco e empresa privada Sebrae - Confederação Nacional das Indústrias, sem prejuízo de inserção de novas instituições quando possível, se faz pertinente para ampliar o fluxo de informações nesse contexto.
{"title":"Desenvolvimento de um aplicativo para divulgação de editais nas áreas de inovação, ciência, tecnologia e empreendedorismo essencial na promoção do acesso seletivo de informação","authors":"Fabiana Arcanja dos Santos","doi":"10.14295/bjs.v2i8.340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14295/bjs.v2i8.340","url":null,"abstract":"Anualmente dezenas de editais de fomento são publicados e disseminados na rede web através de seus próprios sites ou em sites de pesquisa e de marketing, que tem o perfil de disseminar informação nesse âmbito, fazem a obtenção de editais e os disponibilizam em bancos de dados. O desenvolvimento de mais ferramenta como aplicativos indicativo e de disseminação seletiva de editais nas áreas de captação em inovação, tecnologia e empreendedorismo para as principais agências de fomento governamentais prioritariamente (CNPq - Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, FINEP - Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos, e CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior), empresas que tendem publicar editais periodicamente, como as de capital aberto (Petrobrás, Eletrobras), agências de fomentos baianas FAPESB - Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado da Bahia, Coelba - Companhia de Eletricidade do Estado da Bahia, Chesf - Companhia Hidrelétrica do São Francisco e empresa privada Sebrae - Confederação Nacional das Indústrias, sem prejuízo de inserção de novas instituições quando possível, se faz pertinente para ampliar o fluxo de informações nesse contexto.","PeriodicalId":9244,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89590307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Porshia Sharma, Pragya Rathore, Y. Choudhary, Yash Tatwade, A. Joshi
Asian plants of flower, vegetable and fruit named Clitoria ternetea, Lagenaria siciraria and Ziziphus mauritiana respectively are known for their extensive uses in traditional medicine as well as traditional treatment of various diseases and infections. Several studies have already been done so far on these plants and its various parts but the studies on their seeds as well as their seed oilwas lacking. In this work, we determined the protein content of these seeds as well as we extracted the seed oils and determined their anti-microbial activity independently along with the anti-microbial activity by mixing all these oils together in equal ratios. Both, protein determination and anti-microbial activity determination showed considerable and potential results. The Lagenaria siciraria seeds (in ethanol extract) showed highest protein content amongst all i.e., 4.44 (μg/mL-1) whereas Clitoria ternetea seeds displayed highest protein content (in water extract) amongst all i.e., 5.07 (μg/mL-1). The anti-microbial activity of the mixed seed oil showed better and great results as compared to individual anti-microbial activity of seed oils.
{"title":"Anti-microbial activity of seed oils & protein estimation of seed-content in Clitoria ternetea, Lagenaria siciraria & Ziziphus mauritiana","authors":"Porshia Sharma, Pragya Rathore, Y. Choudhary, Yash Tatwade, A. Joshi","doi":"10.14295/bjs.v2i8.362","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14295/bjs.v2i8.362","url":null,"abstract":"Asian plants of flower, vegetable and fruit named Clitoria ternetea, Lagenaria siciraria and Ziziphus mauritiana respectively are known for their extensive uses in traditional medicine as well as traditional treatment of various diseases and infections. Several studies have already been done so far on these plants and its various parts but the studies on their seeds as well as their seed oilwas lacking. In this work, we determined the protein content of these seeds as well as we extracted the seed oils and determined their anti-microbial activity independently along with the anti-microbial activity by mixing all these oils together in equal ratios. Both, protein determination and anti-microbial activity determination showed considerable and potential results. The Lagenaria siciraria seeds (in ethanol extract) showed highest protein content amongst all i.e., 4.44 (μg/mL-1) whereas Clitoria ternetea seeds displayed highest protein content (in water extract) amongst all i.e., 5.07 (μg/mL-1). The anti-microbial activity of the mixed seed oil showed better and great results as compared to individual anti-microbial activity of seed oils.","PeriodicalId":9244,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science","volume":"2012 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82618953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-27DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2022-1743
XY Ji, XJ Deng, H. Shi, JP Wang, N. Liu
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of sunflower kernel peptides produced by enzymatic digestion, fermentation, or both on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and health status of broilers. Four diets contained 20% of sunflower kernel meal as its raw form (CON) or degraded by protease (ESM), Bacillus pumilus (FSM), or both (DSM). A total of 480 yellow broilers at one day old were randomly distributed to 4 groups with 6 replicates of 20 chicks each. The feeding trial lasted for 63 d. Results showed that peptide content was increased ( p <0.001) from 3.97% (CON) to 32.5% (ESM), 24.2% (FSM), and 39.1% (DSM). The three sunflower peptide groups improved ( p ≤0.001) feed intake and body weight gain. The peptide groups increased ( p ≤0.015) ileal apparent digestibility of dry matter, energy, crude protein, and amino acids (methionine, lysine, tryptophan, and threonine). Furthermore, the peptide groups improved ( p ≤0.029) the health status by increasing serum immunoglobulins (IgA, IgG) and glutathione peroxidase. Additionally, among the peptide groups, DSM showed more pronounced effects ( p <0.05) on these parameters than ESM or FSM. It is concluded that dual-degradation by enzymolysis and fermentation has a better improvement in the nutrition and application of sunflower kernel meal in broilers.
{"title":"Effect of Sunflower Kernel Peptides Produced by Dual-Degradation on the Growth Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, and Health Status of Broilers","authors":"XY Ji, XJ Deng, H. Shi, JP Wang, N. Liu","doi":"10.1590/1806-9061-2022-1743","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9061-2022-1743","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of sunflower kernel peptides produced by enzymatic digestion, fermentation, or both on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and health status of broilers. Four diets contained 20% of sunflower kernel meal as its raw form (CON) or degraded by protease (ESM), Bacillus pumilus (FSM), or both (DSM). A total of 480 yellow broilers at one day old were randomly distributed to 4 groups with 6 replicates of 20 chicks each. The feeding trial lasted for 63 d. Results showed that peptide content was increased ( p <0.001) from 3.97% (CON) to 32.5% (ESM), 24.2% (FSM), and 39.1% (DSM). The three sunflower peptide groups improved ( p ≤0.001) feed intake and body weight gain. The peptide groups increased ( p ≤0.015) ileal apparent digestibility of dry matter, energy, crude protein, and amino acids (methionine, lysine, tryptophan, and threonine). Furthermore, the peptide groups improved ( p ≤0.029) the health status by increasing serum immunoglobulins (IgA, IgG) and glutathione peroxidase. Additionally, among the peptide groups, DSM showed more pronounced effects ( p <0.05) on these parameters than ESM or FSM. It is concluded that dual-degradation by enzymolysis and fermentation has a better improvement in the nutrition and application of sunflower kernel meal in broilers.","PeriodicalId":9244,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67655762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-27DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2021-1599
KG Andrade, FK Cruz, I. Kaneko, MC Nascimento, Lcv Iwaki, T. Santos
This study described changes in the serum biochemistry, morphology of genital organs, long bone, and eggshell during the daily egg formation cycle in Japanese quails. Sixty quails (18-wk) were distributed in 6 groups according to hours post-oviposition (POV): 0 hr POV (16h00), 2 hrs POV (egg in magnum), and 4, 8, 14, and 20 hrs POV (egg in uterus). The magnum had higher relative weight before the next ovulation (20 and 0 hr POV), and its tubular glands showed functional variation through periods: abundant eosinophilic, PAS+, and negative Alcian blue secretion at 0 and 2 hrs, empty glands aspect at 4 hrs, and filled again at 20 hrs POV. Serum albumin and total Ca had the highest value in the 2 hrs group, and the lowest in 8 and 14 hrs groups. Egg-cycle period affected the Ca% of the medullar bone of the femur and tibiotarsus, with the lowest mean at 14 hrs POV (06h00), and the highest mean after oviposition (0 hr POV), showing the recovery of Ca stores in long bones for the next egg cycle. Analysis of the eggshell using scanning electron microscopy evidenced that palisade layer formation starts during the night (8–14 hrs POV), and most parts are secreted during the day period. In conclusion, eggshell secretion in light periods, high magnum activity and medullary bone Ca deposition during midday and afternoon, as well as the ovulation/oviposition in the afternoon, are the main characteristics of the distinct physiological aspects of the egg cycle in quails.
{"title":"Daily Egg-Cycle in Japanese Quail: Serum Biochemistry, Bones, and Oviduct Changes","authors":"KG Andrade, FK Cruz, I. Kaneko, MC Nascimento, Lcv Iwaki, T. Santos","doi":"10.1590/1806-9061-2021-1599","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9061-2021-1599","url":null,"abstract":"This study described changes in the serum biochemistry, morphology of genital organs, long bone, and eggshell during the daily egg formation cycle in Japanese quails. Sixty quails (18-wk) were distributed in 6 groups according to hours post-oviposition (POV): 0 hr POV (16h00), 2 hrs POV (egg in magnum), and 4, 8, 14, and 20 hrs POV (egg in uterus). The magnum had higher relative weight before the next ovulation (20 and 0 hr POV), and its tubular glands showed functional variation through periods: abundant eosinophilic, PAS+, and negative Alcian blue secretion at 0 and 2 hrs, empty glands aspect at 4 hrs, and filled again at 20 hrs POV. Serum albumin and total Ca had the highest value in the 2 hrs group, and the lowest in 8 and 14 hrs groups. Egg-cycle period affected the Ca% of the medullar bone of the femur and tibiotarsus, with the lowest mean at 14 hrs POV (06h00), and the highest mean after oviposition (0 hr POV), showing the recovery of Ca stores in long bones for the next egg cycle. Analysis of the eggshell using scanning electron microscopy evidenced that palisade layer formation starts during the night (8–14 hrs POV), and most parts are secreted during the day period. In conclusion, eggshell secretion in light periods, high magnum activity and medullary bone Ca deposition during midday and afternoon, as well as the ovulation/oviposition in the afternoon, are the main characteristics of the distinct physiological aspects of the egg cycle in quails.","PeriodicalId":9244,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67652894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-27DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2022-1668
Z. Li, A. Liu, J. Xu, C. Zhang
This study investigated the effect of resveratrol on the immune and inflammatory responses and the mRNA levels of splenic toll-like receptor (TLR)-4 signaling pathway-related genes of broilers under heat stress (HS). One hundred and sixty-two birds were allocated to three groups, each with 6 replicates, for 21 continuous days. The three treatments were as follows: the control group (22 ± 1 °C), the HS (33 ± 1 °C for 10 h d -1 and 22 ± 1 °C for the remaining time) group and the HS + resveratrol (400 mg kg -1 ) group. At the end of the trial, one bird per replicate close to the average body weight (BW) was selected, exsanguinated, and slaughtered. Compared with the control group, the HS treatment decreased ( p <0.05) final BW, average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), relative weight of bursa of Fabricius and spleen, serum immunoglobulin (Ig) Y, IgA and interleukin (IL)-10 contents, and splenic IL-10 mRNA level, while it increased ( p <0.05) feed/gain, mRNA levels of splenic tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α ), TLR-4, nuclear factor-kappa-B (NF-κ B), IL-1 β , and IL-6. Compared to the HS group, the HS+resveratrol group exhibited increased ( p <0.05) final BW, ADG, relative weight of bursa of Fabricius and spleen, serum IgY, IgA and IL-10 contents, and splenic IL-10 mRNA level, while it exhibited lower ( p <0.05) TNF-α , IL-1 β and IL-6 contents in serum, and splenic TLR4, TNF-α , IL-1 β , and NF-κ B mRNA levels. In conclusion, resveratrol prevented a HS-impairment of the immune function of broilers by blocking the abnormal activation of the TLR4 signaling pathway.
{"title":"Resveratrol Attenuates Heat-Stress-Impaired Immune and Inflammatory Responses of Broilers by Modulating Toll-Like Receptor-4 Signaling Pathway","authors":"Z. Li, A. Liu, J. Xu, C. Zhang","doi":"10.1590/1806-9061-2022-1668","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9061-2022-1668","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the effect of resveratrol on the immune and inflammatory responses and the mRNA levels of splenic toll-like receptor (TLR)-4 signaling pathway-related genes of broilers under heat stress (HS). One hundred and sixty-two birds were allocated to three groups, each with 6 replicates, for 21 continuous days. The three treatments were as follows: the control group (22 ± 1 °C), the HS (33 ± 1 °C for 10 h d -1 and 22 ± 1 °C for the remaining time) group and the HS + resveratrol (400 mg kg -1 ) group. At the end of the trial, one bird per replicate close to the average body weight (BW) was selected, exsanguinated, and slaughtered. Compared with the control group, the HS treatment decreased ( p <0.05) final BW, average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), relative weight of bursa of Fabricius and spleen, serum immunoglobulin (Ig) Y, IgA and interleukin (IL)-10 contents, and splenic IL-10 mRNA level, while it increased ( p <0.05) feed/gain, mRNA levels of splenic tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α ), TLR-4, nuclear factor-kappa-B (NF-κ B), IL-1 β , and IL-6. Compared to the HS group, the HS+resveratrol group exhibited increased ( p <0.05) final BW, ADG, relative weight of bursa of Fabricius and spleen, serum IgY, IgA and IL-10 contents, and splenic IL-10 mRNA level, while it exhibited lower ( p <0.05) TNF-α , IL-1 β and IL-6 contents in serum, and splenic TLR4, TNF-α , IL-1 β , and NF-κ B mRNA levels. In conclusion, resveratrol prevented a HS-impairment of the immune function of broilers by blocking the abnormal activation of the TLR4 signaling pathway.","PeriodicalId":9244,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67654955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-27DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2022-1667
A. SILVA JR., F. Silva, MP Maciel, F. Ferreira, L. Oliveira, Pha Oliveira, Meo Dornelas, Kds Lopes
The objective was to evaluate whether space allowance during pre-slaughter transport of European breeding quail affects welfare, carcass traits and meat quality. A total of 248 quails (body weight = 344.90 ± 2.09 g) were used. During pre-transport, the quails were fasted for 5 hours and 30 minutes. The poultry were caught and placed in plastic transport crates with an area of 0.40 m 2 . The treatments consisted of a different space allowance in each crate: 22, 28, 34 or 40 quails per crate. Immediately upon arrival at the slaughterhouse, the quails were stunned. During bleeding, blood samples were collected. The carcasses were individually weighed. The meat quality was measured. Data were analysed using the effects of space allowance during transport of quails and pickup truck as dependent variables. Death on arrival increased as the space allowance in transport crates decreased ( p =0.08). Glucose and uric acid levels were not significantly different between groups ( p ≥0.14). The cold carcass weight presented the maximum value when the crates contained 31 quails ( p =0.03). The meat pH, intensity of red, intensity of yellow and cooking losses were not different between groups ( p ≥0.12). The meat lightness value presented the maximum value when the crates contained 31 quails ( p =0.04). In view of the above, the number of European breeding quails transported in crates must not exceed 30 animals.
{"title":"The Effect of Space Allowance During Pre-Slaughter Transport of European Quail Breeders on Welfare, Carcass Traits and Meat Quality","authors":"A. SILVA JR., F. Silva, MP Maciel, F. Ferreira, L. Oliveira, Pha Oliveira, Meo Dornelas, Kds Lopes","doi":"10.1590/1806-9061-2022-1667","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9061-2022-1667","url":null,"abstract":"The objective was to evaluate whether space allowance during pre-slaughter transport of European breeding quail affects welfare, carcass traits and meat quality. A total of 248 quails (body weight = 344.90 ± 2.09 g) were used. During pre-transport, the quails were fasted for 5 hours and 30 minutes. The poultry were caught and placed in plastic transport crates with an area of 0.40 m 2 . The treatments consisted of a different space allowance in each crate: 22, 28, 34 or 40 quails per crate. Immediately upon arrival at the slaughterhouse, the quails were stunned. During bleeding, blood samples were collected. The carcasses were individually weighed. The meat quality was measured. Data were analysed using the effects of space allowance during transport of quails and pickup truck as dependent variables. Death on arrival increased as the space allowance in transport crates decreased ( p =0.08). Glucose and uric acid levels were not significantly different between groups ( p ≥0.14). The cold carcass weight presented the maximum value when the crates contained 31 quails ( p =0.03). The meat pH, intensity of red, intensity of yellow and cooking losses were not different between groups ( p ≥0.12). The meat lightness value presented the maximum value when the crates contained 31 quails ( p =0.04). In view of the above, the number of European breeding quails transported in crates must not exceed 30 animals.","PeriodicalId":9244,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67654388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-27DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2022-1714
W. Conglin, O. Wakeyo, T. Desta
For smallholder farmers, indigenous village chickens (IVCs) serve as a source of food, income, and ritual items. In practice, there is a high demand for IVC products, and when this demand is coupled with low investment in production inputs, it makes IVC production a rewarding rural business. Regardless of a lot of complaints about its efficacy, the marketing system of IVCs remains a viable transaction method and perfectly matches the extensive production system. This study documented the marketing system of IVCs operating in smallholder settings using a cross-sectional study. There is high volatility in the demand for
{"title":"The Peculiar Characteristics of the Marketing System of Indigenous Village Chickens","authors":"W. Conglin, O. Wakeyo, T. Desta","doi":"10.1590/1806-9061-2022-1714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9061-2022-1714","url":null,"abstract":"For smallholder farmers, indigenous village chickens (IVCs) serve as a source of food, income, and ritual items. In practice, there is a high demand for IVC products, and when this demand is coupled with low investment in production inputs, it makes IVC production a rewarding rural business. Regardless of a lot of complaints about its efficacy, the marketing system of IVCs remains a viable transaction method and perfectly matches the extensive production system. This study documented the marketing system of IVCs operating in smallholder settings using a cross-sectional study. There is high volatility in the demand for","PeriodicalId":9244,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67655164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The use of technology has become increasingly viable in classrooms, especially in physics classes. Explaining phenomena related to circuits becomes simpler when we can provide practical examples to students. The present article aims to describe the construction of a low-cost PWM module, which was used in the classroom to demonstrate the basic principles of digital electronics. The module was built with the 555 integrated circuit and a few other components. The assembly was made on a breadboard. The results from the operation of the board were analyzed with a digital oscilloscope and corresponded to what was expected in theory, the compatibility of the pulse width could be successfully verified, as well as the effect of simulating the analog output signal. Alternatively, the prototype was also used with an electric motor to visualize the influence of pulse width on the motor's rotation.
{"title":"Use of the 555 integrated circuit for the construction of a PWM module","authors":"","doi":"10.14295/bjs.v2i8.348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14295/bjs.v2i8.348","url":null,"abstract":"The use of technology has become increasingly viable in classrooms, especially in physics classes. Explaining phenomena related to circuits becomes simpler when we can provide practical examples to students. The present article aims to describe the construction of a low-cost PWM module, which was used in the classroom to demonstrate the basic principles of digital electronics. The module was built with the 555 integrated circuit and a few other components. The assembly was made on a breadboard. The results from the operation of the board were analyzed with a digital oscilloscope and corresponded to what was expected in theory, the compatibility of the pulse width could be successfully verified, as well as the effect of simulating the analog output signal. Alternatively, the prototype was also used with an electric motor to visualize the influence of pulse width on the motor's rotation.","PeriodicalId":9244,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79372894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
As plantas daninhas competem com o trigo por água, luz e nutrientes, o que reduz a produtividade e, portanto, os lucros do triticultor. Sendo assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a seletividade e a eficácia de herbicidas aplicados em pré e pós-emergência para o manejo de plantas daninhas infestante do trigo. Dois experimentos foram instalados em blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições. Os herbicidas usados foram; em pré-emergência o imazethapyr + flumioxazin, pendimethalin e flumioxazin, e em pós-emergência o iodosulfuron, pyroxsulam, metsulfuron e clodinafop, e dois controles, um capinado e outro infestado. Os herbicidas com maior fitotoxicidade à cultivar de trigo TBIO Sinuelo foram a mistura de imazethapyr + flumioxazin e associado a essa o uso de iodosulfuron, pyroxsulam, metsulfuron e clodinafop. A aplicação de imazethapyr + flumioxazin + metsulfuron resultou em menor dano às variáveis fisiológicas do trigo. A aplicação em pré-emergência de imazethapyr+flumioxazin e em pós-emergência de iodosulfuron-methyl, pyroxsulam e metsulfuron ocasionaram o melhor controle de nabo. O melhor controle de azevém foi obtido com o uso de pendimenthalin e flumioxazin em associação com clodinafop. Os tratamentos imazethapyr + flumioxazin, imazethapyr + flumioxazin + iodosulfuron, pendimenthalin + iodosulfuron, flumioxazin + iodosulfuron, imazethapyr + flumioxazin + pyroxsulam, pendimenthalin + pyroxsulam, flumioxazin + pyroxsulam, imazethapyr + flumioxazin + clodinafop e flumioxazin + clodinafop foram os tratamentos mais eficientes no controle de aveia preta. O pendimenthalin + iodosulfuron apresentou as melhores respostas em ambos os experimentos, tanto em termos de seletividade quanto de eficácia, para os componentes de rendimento de grãos.
{"title":"Manejo químico de plantas daninhas infestantes da cultura do trigo","authors":"","doi":"10.14295/bjs.v2i8.344","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14295/bjs.v2i8.344","url":null,"abstract":"As plantas daninhas competem com o trigo por água, luz e nutrientes, o que reduz a produtividade e, portanto, os lucros do triticultor. Sendo assim, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a seletividade e a eficácia de herbicidas aplicados em pré e pós-emergência para o manejo de plantas daninhas infestante do trigo. Dois experimentos foram instalados em blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições. Os herbicidas usados foram; em pré-emergência o imazethapyr + flumioxazin, pendimethalin e flumioxazin, e em pós-emergência o iodosulfuron, pyroxsulam, metsulfuron e clodinafop, e dois controles, um capinado e outro infestado. Os herbicidas com maior fitotoxicidade à cultivar de trigo TBIO Sinuelo foram a mistura de imazethapyr + flumioxazin e associado a essa o uso de iodosulfuron, pyroxsulam, metsulfuron e clodinafop. A aplicação de imazethapyr + flumioxazin + metsulfuron resultou em menor dano às variáveis fisiológicas do trigo. A aplicação em pré-emergência de imazethapyr+flumioxazin e em pós-emergência de iodosulfuron-methyl, pyroxsulam e metsulfuron ocasionaram o melhor controle de nabo. O melhor controle de azevém foi obtido com o uso de pendimenthalin e flumioxazin em associação com clodinafop. Os tratamentos imazethapyr + flumioxazin, imazethapyr + flumioxazin + iodosulfuron, pendimenthalin + iodosulfuron, flumioxazin + iodosulfuron, imazethapyr + flumioxazin + pyroxsulam, pendimenthalin + pyroxsulam, flumioxazin + pyroxsulam, imazethapyr + flumioxazin + clodinafop e flumioxazin + clodinafop foram os tratamentos mais eficientes no controle de aveia preta. O pendimenthalin + iodosulfuron apresentou as melhores respostas em ambos os experimentos, tanto em termos de seletividade quanto de eficácia, para os componentes de rendimento de grãos.","PeriodicalId":9244,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science","volume":"2013 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74330494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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