Pub Date : 2023-05-01DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2022-1736
U. Anwar, F. Chishti, M. Bilal, U. Farooq, R. Mustafa, SI Zamir, M. Hussain, M. Hussain, M. Ashraf, Shafqat Qamar, R. Abbas, MA Rahman
The objective of the current study was to examine the effect of replacing maize with new or stored wheat on the nutrient intake, digestibility, digesta viscosity, and growth performance of growing broilers from 1-21 days of age. For this purpose, 560 one-day-old male broiler chicks were randomly divided into seven experimental treatments, each with 8 replicates of 10 birds. The control diet was a corn soybean-based diet, while six other experimental treatments replaced the corn of the control diet with either 50% or 100% of new, 1.5 year, and 2.5-year-old wheat. The results showed that the replacement of corn with new wheat at 50% and 100% in the diet of broilers significantly reduced feed intake and body weight gain, and increased FCR ( p <0.05) at week 3. Similarly, in the overall period of the starter phase (1-21 days), replacement of corn with new wheat at 50% and 100% in the diet of broilers significantly reduced feed intake, nutrient digestibility, and body weight gain, and increased digesta viscosity and FCR ( p <0.05). Based on the findings of the current study, it is concluded that stored wheat successfully replaces corn and new wheat in the diet of broilers. Furthermore, stored wheat has a positive impact on feed intake, performance parameter, digesta viscosity, and nutrient digestibility as compared to new wheat.
{"title":"Inclusion of Stored Wheat in the Feed of Broilers Influences Intake, Growth Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, and Digesta Viscosity from 1-21 Days of Age","authors":"U. Anwar, F. Chishti, M. Bilal, U. Farooq, R. Mustafa, SI Zamir, M. Hussain, M. Hussain, M. Ashraf, Shafqat Qamar, R. Abbas, MA Rahman","doi":"10.1590/1806-9061-2022-1736","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9061-2022-1736","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of the current study was to examine the effect of replacing maize with new or stored wheat on the nutrient intake, digestibility, digesta viscosity, and growth performance of growing broilers from 1-21 days of age. For this purpose, 560 one-day-old male broiler chicks were randomly divided into seven experimental treatments, each with 8 replicates of 10 birds. The control diet was a corn soybean-based diet, while six other experimental treatments replaced the corn of the control diet with either 50% or 100% of new, 1.5 year, and 2.5-year-old wheat. The results showed that the replacement of corn with new wheat at 50% and 100% in the diet of broilers significantly reduced feed intake and body weight gain, and increased FCR ( p <0.05) at week 3. Similarly, in the overall period of the starter phase (1-21 days), replacement of corn with new wheat at 50% and 100% in the diet of broilers significantly reduced feed intake, nutrient digestibility, and body weight gain, and increased digesta viscosity and FCR ( p <0.05). Based on the findings of the current study, it is concluded that stored wheat successfully replaces corn and new wheat in the diet of broilers. Furthermore, stored wheat has a positive impact on feed intake, performance parameter, digesta viscosity, and nutrient digestibility as compared to new wheat.","PeriodicalId":9244,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67655737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Natural language processing innovations in the past few decades have made it feasible to synthesis and comprehend coherent text in a variety of ways, turning theoretical techniques into practical implementations. Both report summarizing software and sectors like content writers have been significantly impacted by the extensive Language-model. A huge language model, however, could show evidence of social prejudice, giving moral as well as environmental hazards from negligence, according to observations. Therefore, it is necessary to develop comprehensive guidelines for responsible LLM (Large Language Models). Despite the fact that numerous empirical investigations show that sophisticated large language models has very few ethical difficulties, there isn't a thorough investigation and consumers study of the legality of present large language model use. We use a qualitative study method on OpenAI's ChatGPT3 to solution-focus the real-world ethical risks in current large language models in order to further guide ongoing efforts on responsibly constructing ethical large language models. We carefully review ChatGPT3 from the four perspectives of bias and robustness. According to our stated opinions, we objectively benchmark ChatGPT3 on a number of sample datasets. In this work, it was found that a substantial fraction of principled problems are not solved by the current benchmarks; therefore new case examples were provided to support this. Additionally discussed were the importance of the findings regarding ChatGPT3's AI ethics, potential problems in the future, and helpful design considerations for big language models. This study may provide some guidance for future investigations into and mitigation of the ethical risks offered by technology in large Language Models applications.
{"title":"Prognosis of exploration on Chat GPT with artificial intelligence ethics","authors":"N. G. Vidhya, D. Devi, N. A., T. Manju","doi":"10.14295/bjs.v2i9.372","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14295/bjs.v2i9.372","url":null,"abstract":"Natural language processing innovations in the past few decades have made it feasible to synthesis and comprehend coherent text in a variety of ways, turning theoretical techniques into practical implementations. Both report summarizing software and sectors like content writers have been significantly impacted by the extensive Language-model. A huge language model, however, could show evidence of social prejudice, giving moral as well as environmental hazards from negligence, according to observations. Therefore, it is necessary to develop comprehensive guidelines for responsible LLM (Large Language Models). Despite the fact that numerous empirical investigations show that sophisticated large language models has very few ethical difficulties, there isn't a thorough investigation and consumers study of the legality of present large language model use. We use a qualitative study method on OpenAI's ChatGPT3 to solution-focus the real-world ethical risks in current large language models in order to further guide ongoing efforts on responsibly constructing ethical large language models. We carefully review ChatGPT3 from the four perspectives of bias and robustness. According to our stated opinions, we objectively benchmark ChatGPT3 on a number of sample datasets. In this work, it was found that a substantial fraction of principled problems are not solved by the current benchmarks; therefore new case examples were provided to support this. Additionally discussed were the importance of the findings regarding ChatGPT3's AI ethics, potential problems in the future, and helpful design considerations for big language models. This study may provide some guidance for future investigations into and mitigation of the ethical risks offered by technology in large Language Models applications.","PeriodicalId":9244,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86504140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
O referido texto trata-se das potencialidades das atividades laboratoriais para o ensino de física e das principais características para o ambiente educacional, promovendo uma aprendizagem diferenciada para estudantes do ensino médio, contemplando assim conteúdos de hidrostática. O referido artigo possui como objetivo geral sugerir e aplicar uma unidade didática para estudantes da primeira série do ensino médio da Escola Estadual Tabelião Júlio Maria, localizada no município de Touros, Rio Grande do Norte. São Propostas nesta Unidade didática cinco atividades laboratoriais utilizando-se materiais de fácil acesso, desta forma almeja-se verificar qual a contribuição que esta abordagem proporciona no processo de ensino aprendizagem no conteúdo de hidrostática, promover o trabalho em equipe e o espirito crítico com relação ao papel da física, além de identificar as potencialidades das atividades laboratoriais para os conteúdos previstos. Pensando na temática que envolve o estudo da hidrostática, a unidade didática é constituída de cinco atividades sendo elas: Ensinando o conceito de flutuação dos corpos na água, verificando o conceito de densidade e pressão através das atividades laboratoriais, A vela que levanta água e a garrafa chuveirinho. Nesse sentido, a física em consonância com as atividades laboratoriais com materiais de fácil acesso deixa de ser meramente abstrata e ganha requisitos práticos, pois o estudante está em contato real com os conceitos trabalhados na disciplina, sendo assim relacionado com o dia a dia dos estudantes imersos nas atividades propositivas. Ao termino do trabalho de pesquisa, espera-se que esse material possa servir além da aplicação do conhecimento para os estudantes, o estimulo para professores estudantes de física, já que as atividades aqui propostas objetivam trabalhar alguns conceitos abstratos, sendo primordial para o contexto da formação de professores, formalizando principalmente o desenvolvimento do saber de todos os envolvidos nesse contexto educacional.
本文探讨了实验室活动在物理教学中的潜力和教育环境的主要特点，促进了高中生的差异化学习，从而思考了流体静力学的内容。这篇文章的总体目标是建议和应用一个教学单元，为位于托罗斯市的州立学校tabeliao julio Maria的高中一年级学生。实验室提出了这个单元的教化的五活动使用的方式准备好材料,另外验证这种方法的贡献是提供了教学内容和学习过程的流体静力学,促进团队合作和角色关系的批判精神,除了物理实验室活动的识别潜在的内容。考虑到涉及流体静力学研究的主题，教学单元由五个活动组成:教授水体在水中漂浮的概念，通过实验室活动验证密度和压力的概念，升起水的蜡烛和淋浴瓶。从这个意义上讲,物理与材料实验室的活动,方便不再仅仅是抽象的和实际要求,因为学生在真正的接触和工作纪律观念,因此学生处在日常相关的任何活动。研究来完成的工作,将这些材料可以为学生除了知识的应用,教师学生的物理刺激,这里提出的活动旨在为一些抽象的概念和背景下的教师培训的关键和主要的发展教育参与的每个人都知道在这种情况下。
{"title":"O uso da sequência didática no ensino de Física: A inserção dos estudantes da Escola Estadual Tabelião Júlio Maria, Touros-RN","authors":"José Jilsemar da Silva, G. Medeiros","doi":"10.14295/bjs.v2i9.360","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14295/bjs.v2i9.360","url":null,"abstract":"O referido texto trata-se das potencialidades das atividades laboratoriais para o ensino de física e das principais características para o ambiente educacional, promovendo uma aprendizagem diferenciada para estudantes do ensino médio, contemplando assim conteúdos de hidrostática. O referido artigo possui como objetivo geral sugerir e aplicar uma unidade didática para estudantes da primeira série do ensino médio da Escola Estadual Tabelião Júlio Maria, localizada no município de Touros, Rio Grande do Norte. São Propostas nesta Unidade didática cinco atividades laboratoriais utilizando-se materiais de fácil acesso, desta forma almeja-se verificar qual a contribuição que esta abordagem proporciona no processo de ensino aprendizagem no conteúdo de hidrostática, promover o trabalho em equipe e o espirito crítico com relação ao papel da física, além de identificar as potencialidades das atividades laboratoriais para os conteúdos previstos. Pensando na temática que envolve o estudo da hidrostática, a unidade didática é constituída de cinco atividades sendo elas: Ensinando o conceito de flutuação dos corpos na água, verificando o conceito de densidade e pressão através das atividades laboratoriais, A vela que levanta água e a garrafa chuveirinho. Nesse sentido, a física em consonância com as atividades laboratoriais com materiais de fácil acesso deixa de ser meramente abstrata e ganha requisitos práticos, pois o estudante está em contato real com os conceitos trabalhados na disciplina, sendo assim relacionado com o dia a dia dos estudantes imersos nas atividades propositivas. Ao termino do trabalho de pesquisa, espera-se que esse material possa servir além da aplicação do conhecimento para os estudantes, o estimulo para professores estudantes de física, já que as atividades aqui propostas objetivam trabalhar alguns conceitos abstratos, sendo primordial para o contexto da formação de professores, formalizando principalmente o desenvolvimento do saber de todos os envolvidos nesse contexto educacional.","PeriodicalId":9244,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89931409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study was carried out to investigate the hepatic histopathology of broiler chickens fed diets supplemented with Prosopis africana (African mesquite) essential oil (PRSO). 300, 1-day old broiler chicks were randomly distributed into six treatments with 5 replicates consisting of 10 birds each. Birds in diet 1 (D1) was fed basal diet supplemented with 0 % PRSO, D2: basal diet with 1.0 g/kg-1 oxytetracycline, D3, D4, D5 and D6 were fed basal diet supplemented with PRSO at 200 mg, 400 mg, 600 mg and 800 mg/kg-1 respectively. The experiment lasted for 56 days and a completely randomized design was adopted. Phyto-constituents of PRSO revealed the presence of tannins (201.21 mg/g-1), flavonoids (677.83 mg/g-1), alkaloids (405.90 mg/g-1), saponins (75.62 mg/g-1), phenols (508.28 mg/g-1), phytates (20.10 mg/g-1) and oxalates (5.26 mg/g-1). Hepatic histopathology showed that tissues from D1, D3, D4, D5 and D6 showed no signs of any damage; the central vein, blood portal vessels showed no congestion. Mild hepatocellular damage was recorded among liver of birds in D2. It can be concluded that Prosopis africana essential oil are among the key alternative solutions to antibiotics because they contain bioactive compounds that are safe, effective and performs multiple biological functions in the body of animals.
{"title":"Histopathology of broiler chickens fed diets supplemented with Prosopis africana (African mesquite) essential oil","authors":"J. O. Alagbe, O. Agubosi, Rufus Adebisi Oluwafemi","doi":"10.14295/bjs.v2i9.385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14295/bjs.v2i9.385","url":null,"abstract":"This study was carried out to investigate the hepatic histopathology of broiler chickens fed diets supplemented with Prosopis africana (African mesquite) essential oil (PRSO). 300, 1-day old broiler chicks were randomly distributed into six treatments with 5 replicates consisting of 10 birds each. Birds in diet 1 (D1) was fed basal diet supplemented with 0 % PRSO, D2: basal diet with 1.0 g/kg-1 oxytetracycline, D3, D4, D5 and D6 were fed basal diet supplemented with PRSO at 200 mg, 400 mg, 600 mg and 800 mg/kg-1 respectively. The experiment lasted for 56 days and a completely randomized design was adopted. Phyto-constituents of PRSO revealed the presence of tannins (201.21 mg/g-1), flavonoids (677.83 mg/g-1), alkaloids (405.90 mg/g-1), saponins (75.62 mg/g-1), phenols (508.28 mg/g-1), phytates (20.10 mg/g-1) and oxalates (5.26 mg/g-1). Hepatic histopathology showed that tissues from D1, D3, D4, D5 and D6 showed no signs of any damage; the central vein, blood portal vessels showed no congestion. Mild hepatocellular damage was recorded among liver of birds in D2. It can be concluded that Prosopis africana essential oil are among the key alternative solutions to antibiotics because they contain bioactive compounds that are safe, effective and performs multiple biological functions in the body of animals.","PeriodicalId":9244,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science","volume":"96 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85308053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present paper examines the contents of the Premiere textbook of EFL in order to find out if it fits the needs and interests of the students of the technical fields such as bespoke tailoring and dressmaking. Over the years, the indifference of technical students towards English has been a topical issue and still raises debates nowadays. The aim of this paper is to show that the existence of a single book for all Premiere classes can account for the lack of interest in English generally observed in technical schools. Emphasis is laid on the analysis of themes, the reading passages and the selection of pictures in Interactions in English Ière. In other words, this research attempts to show that the official textbook of English for francophone technical education is not tailored to the needs and interests of the learners. The research methodology consisted in reading and analysing the selected corpus in a bid to find out if its content pleases the intended audience made up of dressmaking students. The EFL students and teachers were also interviewed in order to probe their attitudes towards the selected English book. The paper ends with suggestions on how to improve on the English book for that specific set of students. The aim is to raise more awareness in the educational circle, create more motivation in the target learners and ameliorate their performances in English.
{"title":"The official EFL textbook in cameroonian technical schools and the needs of dressmaking students: an evaluation of interactions in English lère","authors":"Edwige Damaris Hagbe","doi":"10.14295/bjs.v2i9.382","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14295/bjs.v2i9.382","url":null,"abstract":"The present paper examines the contents of the Premiere textbook of EFL in order to find out if it fits the needs and interests of the students of the technical fields such as bespoke tailoring and dressmaking. Over the years, the indifference of technical students towards English has been a topical issue and still raises debates nowadays. The aim of this paper is to show that the existence of a single book for all Premiere classes can account for the lack of interest in English generally observed in technical schools. Emphasis is laid on the analysis of themes, the reading passages and the selection of pictures in Interactions in English Ière. In other words, this research attempts to show that the official textbook of English for francophone technical education is not tailored to the needs and interests of the learners. The research methodology consisted in reading and analysing the selected corpus in a bid to find out if its content pleases the intended audience made up of dressmaking students. The EFL students and teachers were also interviewed in order to probe their attitudes towards the selected English book. The paper ends with suggestions on how to improve on the English book for that specific set of students. The aim is to raise more awareness in the educational circle, create more motivation in the target learners and ameliorate their performances in English.","PeriodicalId":9244,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science","volume":"350 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77632774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-21DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2022-1722
L. Santos, Amélie Gonçalves, LM Neira, VS Nakagi, M. Macari, AC Laurentiz, J. Pizauro
The knowledge of biological trace minerals and phytase requirements for modern broiler genotypes is not established and the pressure to reduce their usage in animal feeding due to environmental issues is increasing. Here, the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and tartarate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) of the tibia and serum of broilers fed with diets containing various levels of phytase and reduced levels of zinc, manganese, and copper was evaluated. The experiment was performed using 1,200 male Cobb broilers raised according to standard commercial husbandry techniques. Data were analyzed as a 4×3 factorial arrangement with four concentrations of zinc (0.34, 0.49, 0.64, and 0.79 ppm), manganese (0.18, 0.43, 0.68, and 0.93 ppm), or copper (0.09, 0.12, 0.15, and 0.18 ppm) and three concentrations of phytase (0, 500, and 1,000 FTU/kg) for age periods of 1-21 and 36-42 days. While the dietary supplementation with copper did not induce a significant effect in bone tissue biochemical markers, serum TRAP activity of 42-day old broilers increased with higher copper levels. Increasing dietary zinc levels linearly increased ALP activity in tibia growth, suggesting that zinc is essential for longitudinal bone growth. Phytase significantly promoted the increase of TRAP
{"title":"Effects of Supplementation of Zinc, Manganese, or Copper and Different Phytase Levels in Serum and Bone Acid and Alkaline Phosphatases of Broiler Chicks","authors":"L. Santos, Amélie Gonçalves, LM Neira, VS Nakagi, M. Macari, AC Laurentiz, J. Pizauro","doi":"10.1590/1806-9061-2022-1722","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9061-2022-1722","url":null,"abstract":"The knowledge of biological trace minerals and phytase requirements for modern broiler genotypes is not established and the pressure to reduce their usage in animal feeding due to environmental issues is increasing. Here, the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and tartarate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) of the tibia and serum of broilers fed with diets containing various levels of phytase and reduced levels of zinc, manganese, and copper was evaluated. The experiment was performed using 1,200 male Cobb broilers raised according to standard commercial husbandry techniques. Data were analyzed as a 4×3 factorial arrangement with four concentrations of zinc (0.34, 0.49, 0.64, and 0.79 ppm), manganese (0.18, 0.43, 0.68, and 0.93 ppm), or copper (0.09, 0.12, 0.15, and 0.18 ppm) and three concentrations of phytase (0, 500, and 1,000 FTU/kg) for age periods of 1-21 and 36-42 days. While the dietary supplementation with copper did not induce a significant effect in bone tissue biochemical markers, serum TRAP activity of 42-day old broilers increased with higher copper levels. Increasing dietary zinc levels linearly increased ALP activity in tibia growth, suggesting that zinc is essential for longitudinal bone growth. Phytase significantly promoted the increase of TRAP","PeriodicalId":9244,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67655202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Cruz, Angelina Lumanlan, Helen Grace Felix, Isabel Dizon, Arnello Valerio, Evelyn Dayrit, Sherry Jean Sison, Rommel P. Gaña, Elaine Joy Gatchalian
Self-Efficacy is the belief that a person is capable of achieving a specific goal or performing a particular task while motivation represents the foundation for success in all activities that an individual engages in. This study aimed to determine the correlations between self-efficacy, motivation and academic performance of 862 students. Using spearman’s rho, results revealed that self-efficacy and motivation go along together for all students with different specializations. Most of the students’ grades are not directly affected by the motivation and self-efficacy. Responses of students for most of the challenges they encountered during the flexible learning mode are limited home setup for activities that require actual performances followed by the distraction they get from social media. Results of this study reveals that even during the pandemic, the students have positive outlook in life, but grades are not dependent on their self-efficacy and motivations.
{"title":"Self-efficacy, motivation and academic performance of students during the flexible learning mode","authors":"M. Cruz, Angelina Lumanlan, Helen Grace Felix, Isabel Dizon, Arnello Valerio, Evelyn Dayrit, Sherry Jean Sison, Rommel P. Gaña, Elaine Joy Gatchalian","doi":"10.14295/bjs.v2i9.357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14295/bjs.v2i9.357","url":null,"abstract":"Self-Efficacy is the belief that a person is capable of achieving a specific goal or performing a particular task while motivation represents the foundation for success in all activities that an individual engages in. This study aimed to determine the correlations between self-efficacy, motivation and academic performance of 862 students. Using spearman’s rho, results revealed that self-efficacy and motivation go along together for all students with different specializations. Most of the students’ grades are not directly affected by the motivation and self-efficacy. Responses of students for most of the challenges they encountered during the flexible learning mode are limited home setup for activities that require actual performances followed by the distraction they get from social media. Results of this study reveals that even during the pandemic, the students have positive outlook in life, but grades are not dependent on their self-efficacy and motivations.","PeriodicalId":9244,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85459257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Polímeros termoplásticos aromáticos como o poli (éter-éter cetona) PEEK têm se mostrado muito promissores para a produção de membranas trocadoras de prótons (PEM), devido as suas propriedades. Estudos demonstram que polímeros modificados quimicamente podem apresentar características originais melhoradas. O processo de funcionalização por sulfonação é uma das estratégias de modificação de materiais poliméricos, que promove maior hidrofilicidade, melhor condutividade iônica, maior molhabilidade e melhor desempenho como PEM. O PEEK foi tratado com ácido sulfúrico, obtendo-se o SPEEK. O polímero foi titulado a fim de estudar seu grau de sulfonação (SD), avaliar sua relação com a capacidade de troca iônica (IEC) e sua potencial aplicação como PEM. Amostras de 0,3 g SPEEK foram imersas em solução de cloreto de sódio para a realização da troca protônica. Foram realizadas as titulações das soluções salinas com hidróxido de sódio e, através do volume obtido, foram obtidos sua IEC = 0,5435 meq.g-1 e seu SD = 0,61. Comprovou-se que a relação entre a massa de polímero, grau de sulfonação e capacidade de troca iônica pode ser modificada, em razão da otimização da quantidade disponível de polímero e que, tendo o conhecimento do SD do polímero é possível estimar a quantidade de base a ser consumida, que está relacionada quantidade de prótons oriundos do SPEEK e presentes na solução salina.
芳香族热塑性聚合物如聚醚醚酮(PEEK)由于其性质，在生产质子交换膜(PEM)方面显示出非常有前景。研究表明，化学改性聚合物可以表现出改进的原始特性。磺化功能化工艺是一种改性高分子材料的策略，它具有更强的亲水性、更好的离子导电性、更高的润湿性和更好的PEM性能。PEEK用硫酸处理，得到SPEEK。为了研究该聚合物的磺化程度(SD)，评价其与离子交换容量(IEC)的关系及其作为PEM的潜在应用，对该聚合物进行了命名。将0.3 g SPEEK样品浸泡在氯化钠溶液中进行质子交换。用氢氧化钠滴定盐溶液，通过体积得到IEC = 0.5435 meq。g-1, SD = 0.61。之间的关系证明,聚合物磺化度和离子交换能力能加工,由于聚合物和可供数量的优化和SD的聚合物有可能估计的知识基本量的消耗,是数量的质子从SPEEK和礼物在生理盐水。
{"title":"Determinação do grau de sulfonação do SPEEK por titulação","authors":"Marcela Carrera de Castro, Jorge Trota Filho","doi":"10.14295/bjs.v2i9.358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14295/bjs.v2i9.358","url":null,"abstract":"Polímeros termoplásticos aromáticos como o poli (éter-éter cetona) PEEK têm se mostrado muito promissores para a produção de membranas trocadoras de prótons (PEM), devido as suas propriedades. Estudos demonstram que polímeros modificados quimicamente podem apresentar características originais melhoradas. O processo de funcionalização por sulfonação é uma das estratégias de modificação de materiais poliméricos, que promove maior hidrofilicidade, melhor condutividade iônica, maior molhabilidade e melhor desempenho como PEM. O PEEK foi tratado com ácido sulfúrico, obtendo-se o SPEEK. O polímero foi titulado a fim de estudar seu grau de sulfonação (SD), avaliar sua relação com a capacidade de troca iônica (IEC) e sua potencial aplicação como PEM. Amostras de 0,3 g SPEEK foram imersas em solução de cloreto de sódio para a realização da troca protônica. Foram realizadas as titulações das soluções salinas com hidróxido de sódio e, através do volume obtido, foram obtidos sua IEC = 0,5435 meq.g-1 e seu SD = 0,61. Comprovou-se que a relação entre a massa de polímero, grau de sulfonação e capacidade de troca iônica pode ser modificada, em razão da otimização da quantidade disponível de polímero e que, tendo o conhecimento do SD do polímero é possível estimar a quantidade de base a ser consumida, que está relacionada quantidade de prótons oriundos do SPEEK e presentes na solução salina.","PeriodicalId":9244,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75671460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Solange da Silva Amorim, Thiara Jacira Vicuña Mendes Oliveira de Paula Machado, A. J. V. Pires, A. Ribeiro, Priscila Coelho Silva Galvão
O agronegócio brasileiro, mesmo com a crise que afetou o mundo todo em função à pandêmica provocada pelo Covid-19, permaneceu em ascensão, em especial a pecuária de corte, pois manteve números crescentes na produção, exportação e renda no setor. A qualidade da carne vem se destacando e aprimorando o setor, pois é um fator que tem preocupado o consumidor, que procura um alimento seguro e com os requerimentos nutricionais adequados. Fatores como genética, alimentação, manejo e cuidados com a carcaça após o abate refletem diretamente na valorização e qualidade. É indispensável assegurar o bem estar durante a vida do animal para alcançar uma carcaça saudável e com procedência confiável. Os atributos sensoriais e visuais como a cor, suculência, sabor, maciez, textura, marmoreio e pH qualificam a carne. A cor é característica de maior influência no momento da compra e varia de acordo com a idade do animal e tipo de alimentação. A gordura atua como isolante térmico, interferindo e intensificando o sabor e a maciez da carne. Quanto mais elevado o grau de marmoreio maior a suculência, palatabilidade e maciez na carcaça. Além disso, têm-se fatores como manejo, escolha das raças e abate influenciam o rendimento e qualidade da carcaça bovina. Portanto, esta revisão de literatura visa identificar os aspectos gerais que interferem na qualidade de carne bovina, associados na escolha do consumidor, bem como os fatores extrínsecos e intrínsecos.
{"title":"Aspectos qualitativos da carne bovina","authors":"Solange da Silva Amorim, Thiara Jacira Vicuña Mendes Oliveira de Paula Machado, A. J. V. Pires, A. Ribeiro, Priscila Coelho Silva Galvão","doi":"10.14295/bjs.v2i9.353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14295/bjs.v2i9.353","url":null,"abstract":"O agronegócio brasileiro, mesmo com a crise que afetou o mundo todo em função à pandêmica provocada pelo Covid-19, permaneceu em ascensão, em especial a pecuária de corte, pois manteve números crescentes na produção, exportação e renda no setor. A qualidade da carne vem se destacando e aprimorando o setor, pois é um fator que tem preocupado o consumidor, que procura um alimento seguro e com os requerimentos nutricionais adequados. Fatores como genética, alimentação, manejo e cuidados com a carcaça após o abate refletem diretamente na valorização e qualidade. É indispensável assegurar o bem estar durante a vida do animal para alcançar uma carcaça saudável e com procedência confiável. Os atributos sensoriais e visuais como a cor, suculência, sabor, maciez, textura, marmoreio e pH qualificam a carne. A cor é característica de maior influência no momento da compra e varia de acordo com a idade do animal e tipo de alimentação. A gordura atua como isolante térmico, interferindo e intensificando o sabor e a maciez da carne. Quanto mais elevado o grau de marmoreio maior a suculência, palatabilidade e maciez na carcaça. Além disso, têm-se fatores como manejo, escolha das raças e abate influenciam o rendimento e qualidade da carcaça bovina. Portanto, esta revisão de literatura visa identificar os aspectos gerais que interferem na qualidade de carne bovina, associados na escolha do consumidor, bem como os fatores extrínsecos e intrínsecos.","PeriodicalId":9244,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81030316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-07DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2022-1672
SS Yang, X. Chen, AK Su
This study investigated the effects of dietary supplementation with rosemary complex powder on the growth performance of native chickens. In total, 180 one day-old native chicks were assigned to one of three dietary groups (60 birds each). The control group (Group A) received the basal diet. In addition to the basal diet, the two experimental diets (Groups B and C) were supplemented with 0.2% and 0.4% rosemary complex powder, which contained rosemary leaves, sweet basil, pineapple sage and sweet lavender. Over 19 weeks, feed intake was recorded to determine the average daily gain and feed conversion ratio. In weeks 10 and 15, blood samples were taken for serum antibody titer analysis. At the end of the experiment, serum immunoglobulin A (IgA) and serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) concentrations were examined. No differences were observed among the groups in terms of the starting weight, weight in week 19, average daily feed intake, average daily gain, or average feed conversion ratio. The addition of rosemary complex powder improved total weight gain by 1.52%. Serum IgA and serum IgG concentrations were significantly lower in the experimental groups in comparison to the control group ( p <0.05). Villus height, villus width, crypt depth, and villus height/ crypt depth ratio were significantly higher in group B than in group A ( p <0.05). In summary, rosemary complex powder improved the intestinal absorption capacity of chickens and significantly reduced their immunoglobulin concentrations.
{"title":"Effect of Dietary Supplementation with Rosemary Complex Powder on the Growth Performance of Native Chickens","authors":"SS Yang, X. Chen, AK Su","doi":"10.1590/1806-9061-2022-1672","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1806-9061-2022-1672","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the effects of dietary supplementation with rosemary complex powder on the growth performance of native chickens. In total, 180 one day-old native chicks were assigned to one of three dietary groups (60 birds each). The control group (Group A) received the basal diet. In addition to the basal diet, the two experimental diets (Groups B and C) were supplemented with 0.2% and 0.4% rosemary complex powder, which contained rosemary leaves, sweet basil, pineapple sage and sweet lavender. Over 19 weeks, feed intake was recorded to determine the average daily gain and feed conversion ratio. In weeks 10 and 15, blood samples were taken for serum antibody titer analysis. At the end of the experiment, serum immunoglobulin A (IgA) and serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) concentrations were examined. No differences were observed among the groups in terms of the starting weight, weight in week 19, average daily feed intake, average daily gain, or average feed conversion ratio. The addition of rosemary complex powder improved total weight gain by 1.52%. Serum IgA and serum IgG concentrations were significantly lower in the experimental groups in comparison to the control group ( p <0.05). Villus height, villus width, crypt depth, and villus height/ crypt depth ratio were significantly higher in group B than in group A ( p <0.05). In summary, rosemary complex powder improved the intestinal absorption capacity of chickens and significantly reduced their immunoglobulin concentrations.","PeriodicalId":9244,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67655031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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