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A target cultivar-specific identification system based on the chromatographic printed array strip method for eight prominent Japanese citrus cultivars. 基于层析印刷阵列条带法的8个日本柑橘主要品种特异性鉴定系统。
IF 2.4 4区 农林科学 Q2 AGRONOMY Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.1270/jsbbs.22065
Mitsutoshi Okamoto, Yuki Monden, Akiko Shindo, Tomoyuki Takeuchi, Tomoko Endo, Yukinori Shigematsu, Kazuto Takasaki, Hiroshi Fujii, Takehiko Shimada

Citrus is a major cultivated crop in Japan, and new cultivars are of great interest in the Japanese and global market. Recently, the infringement of breeders' rights to citrus cultivars bred in Japan has become a problem related to the agricultural product export strategy promoted by the Japanese government. Cultivar identification systems using DNA markers are an effective tool for protecting breeders' rights. Here, a novel target cultivar-specific identification system using the chromatographic printed array strip method was developed for eight prominent Japanese citrus cultivars. A polymorphic InDel fragment specific to each cultivar was explored through the screening of published citrus InDel markers and next-generation sequencing of retrotransposon libraries. The cultivar-specific DNA marker set for each cultivar comprised 1-3 polymorphic InDel fragments in combination with a PCR-positive DNA marker for the ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase large subunit gene. The DNA markers were detected within 3 hours from DNA extraction to the detection by the C-PAS4 membrane stick following multiplex PCR. The developed system is superior as a convenient, rapid, and cost-effective DNA diagnostic method during inspection. The proposed target cultivar-specific identification system is expected to serve as an efficient tool for the injunction of suspicious registered cultivars, contributing to the protection of breeders' rights.

柑橘是日本的主要种植作物,新品种在日本和全球市场都很受关注。近年来,日本柑橘品种的育种者权利受到侵犯,已成为与日本政府推行的农产品出口战略相关的问题。利用DNA标记的品种鉴定系统是保护育种者权利的有效工具。本文以8个日本柑桔品种为研究对象,建立了一套新的目标品种特异性鉴定系统。通过筛选已发表的柑橘InDel标记和下一代反转录转座子文库测序,探索了每个品种特有的InDel多态性片段。每个品种的品种特异性DNA标记集由1-3个多态InDel片段与核酮糖-1,5-二磷酸羧化酶/加氧酶大亚基基因的pcr阳性DNA标记组成。从DNA提取到多重PCR用C-PAS4膜棒检测,在3小时内检测到DNA标记。该系统是一种方便、快速、经济的DNA检测方法。所提出的目标品种特异性鉴定系统有望成为禁止可疑注册品种的有效工具,有助于保护育种者的权利。
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引用次数: 2
A novel QTL associated with tolerance to cold-induced seed cracking in the soybean cultivar Toyomizuki. 富水大豆耐冷致种子开裂的新QTL。
IF 2.4 4区 农林科学 Q2 AGRONOMY Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.1270/jsbbs.22066
Naoya Yamaguchi, Yumi Sato, Fumio Taguchi-Shiobara, Kazuki Yamashita, Michio Kawasaki, Masao Ishimoto, Mineo Senda

Low temperatures after flowering cause seed cracking (SC) in soybean. Previously, we reported that proanthocyanidin accumulation on the dorsal side of the seed coat, controlled by the I locus, may lead to cracked seeds; and that homozygous IcIc alleles at the I locus confer SC tolerance in the line Toiku 248. To discover new genes related to SC tolerance, we evaluated the physical and genetic mechanisms of SC tolerance in the cultivar Toyomizuki (genotype II). Histological and texture analyses of the seed coat revealed that the ability to maintain hardness and flexibility under low temperature, regardless of proanthocyanidin accumulation in the dorsal seed coat, contributes to SC tolerance in Toyomizuki. This indicated that the SC tolerance mechanism differed between Toyomizuki and Toiku 248. A quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis of recombinant inbred lines revealed a new, stable QTL related to SC tolerance. The relationship between this new QTL, designated as qCS8-2, and SC tolerance was confirmed in residual heterozygous lines. The distance between qCS8-2 and the previously identified QTL qCS8-1, which is likely the Ic allele, was estimated to be 2-3 Mb, so it will be possible to pyramid these regions to develop new cultivars with increased SC tolerance.

大豆开花后低温会导致种子开裂。在此之前,我们报道了原花青素在种皮背面的积累,受I位点控制,可能导致种子开裂;在Toiku 248中,I位点的IcIc等位基因纯合子赋予了SC耐受性。为了发现与SC耐受性相关的新基因,我们对Toyomizuki(基因型II)的SC耐受性的物理和遗传机制进行了评估。对种皮的组织学和质地分析表明,在低温下保持硬度和柔韧性的能力,无论背侧种皮中原花青素的积累,都有助于Toyomizuki的SC耐受性。这表明富井和富田248对SC的耐受性机制存在差异。通过对重组自交系的数量性状位点(QTL)分析,发现了一个与SC耐受性相关的新的、稳定的QTL。在剩余杂合系中证实了这一新的QTL qCS8-2与SC耐受性的关系。qCS8-2与qCS8-1之间的距离估计为2-3 Mb, qCS8-1可能是Ic等位基因,因此有可能将这些区域金字塔化,以开发具有更高耐SC性的新品种。
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引用次数: 0
Molecular mechanism of internode elongation in rice. 水稻节间伸长的分子机制。
IF 2.4 4区 农林科学 Q2 AGRONOMY Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.1270/jsbbs.22086
Keisuke Nagai, Motoyuki Ashikari

Rice plants that form ventilated tissues, such as aerenchyma in the leaves, stems, and roots, allow for growth in waterlogged conditions (paddy fields), but they cannot breathe and drown in flooded environments where the whole plant body is submerged. However, deepwater rice plants grown in flood-prone areas of Southeast Asia survive in prolonged flooded environments by taking in air through an elongated stem (internode) and leaves that emerge above the water surface, even if the water level is several meters high and flooding continues for several months. Although it has been known that plant hormones, such as ethylene and gibberellins, promote internode elongation in deepwater rice plants, the genes that control rapid internode elongation during submergence have not been identified. We recently identified several genes responsible for the quantitative trait loci involved in internode elongation in deepwater rice. Identification of the the genes revealed a molecular gene network from ethylene to gibberellins in which internode elongation is promoted by novel ethylene-responsive factors and enhances gibberellin responsiveness at the internode. In addition, elucidation of the molecular mechanism of internode elongation in deepwater rice will help our understanding of the internode elongation mechanism in normal paddy rice and contribute to improving crops through the regulation of internode elongation.

水稻植株形成通气组织,如叶片、茎和根中的通气组织,可以在水田条件下生长,但它们不能呼吸,在整个植物体被淹没的水淹环境中淹死。然而,生长在东南亚洪水易发地区的深水水稻,即使水位达到几米高,洪水持续数月,也能通过细长的茎(节间)和露出水面的叶子吸收空气,在长时间的洪水环境中存活下来。虽然已知植物激素,如乙烯和赤霉素,促进深水水稻的节间伸长,但尚未确定在淹没期间控制节间快速伸长的基因。我们最近发现了几个与深水水稻节间伸长数量性状位点有关的基因。这些基因的鉴定揭示了一个从乙烯到赤霉素的分子基因网络,在这个网络中,新的乙烯响应因子促进了节间伸长,增强了赤霉素在节间的响应性。此外,阐明深水水稻节间伸长的分子机制将有助于我们理解正常水稻的节间伸长机制,并有助于通过调控节间伸长来改良作物。
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引用次数: 2
Evolution of sex in crops: recurrent scrap and rebuild. 作物性别的进化:反复的破坏和重建。
IF 2.4 4区 农林科学 Q2 AGRONOMY Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.1270/jsbbs.22082
Kanae Masuda, Takashi Akagi

Sexuality is the main strategy for maintaining genetic diversity within a species. In flowering plants (angiosperms), sexuality is derived from ancestral hermaphroditism and multiple sexualities can be expressed in an individual. The mechanisms conferring chromosomal sex determination in plants (or dioecy) have been studied for over a century by both biologists and agricultural scientists, given the importance of this field for crop cultivation and breeding. Despite extensive research, the sex determining gene(s) in plants had not been identified until recently. In this review, we dissect plant sex evolution and determining systems, with a focus on crop species. We introduced classic studies with theoretical, genetic, and cytogenic approaches, as well as more recent research using advanced molecular and genomic techniques. Plants have undergone very frequent transitions into, and out of, dioecy. Although only a few sex determinants have been identified in plants, an integrative viewpoint on their evolutionary trends suggests that recurrent neofunctionalization events are potentially common, in a "scrap and (re)build" cycle. We also discuss the potential association between crop domestication and transitions in sexual systems. We focus on the contribution of duplication events, which are particularly frequent in plant taxa, as a trigger for the creation of new sexual systems.

性行为是维持物种遗传多样性的主要策略。在开花植物(被子植物)中,性是从祖先的雌雄同体中衍生出来的,在一个个体中可以表达多重性。鉴于这一领域对作物栽培和育种的重要性,生物学家和农业科学家对植物(或雌雄异株)染色体性别决定的机制进行了一个多世纪的研究。尽管进行了广泛的研究,但直到最近才发现植物中的性别决定基因。在这篇综述中,我们剖析了植物性别进化和决定系统,重点是作物物种。我们介绍了理论、遗传和细胞遗传学方法的经典研究,以及最近使用先进分子和基因组技术的研究。植物经历了非常频繁的进入和退出雌雄异株的转变。虽然在植物中只发现了少数的性别决定因素,但对其进化趋势的综合观点表明,在“废弃和(重新)构建”的循环中,反复出现的新功能化事件可能是常见的。我们还讨论了作物驯化与性系统转变之间的潜在联系。我们将重点放在重复事件的贡献上,这些事件在植物分类群中特别频繁,作为新性别系统产生的触发因素。
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引用次数: 0
Development and chromosomal characterization of interspecific hybrids between common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) and a related perennial species (F. cymosum). 普通荞麦(Fagopyrum esculentum)与多年生荞麦(F. cymosum)种间杂种的发育和染色体特征。
IF 2.4 4区 农林科学 Q2 AGRONOMY Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.1270/jsbbs.22063
Mari Sugiyama, Miyu Norizuki, Shinji Kikuchi, Yasuo Yasui, Katsuhiro Matsui

Common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) is an annual self-incompatible plant that is widely grown. The genus Fagopyrum comprises more than 20 species, including F. cymosum, a perennial that, unlike common buckwheat, is highly resistant to excess water. In this study, we developed interspecific hybrids between F. esculentum and F. cymosum via embryo rescue, to improve undesirable traits of common buckwheat, such as low tolerance to excess water. The interspecific hybrids were confirmed by genomic in situ hybridization (GISH). We also developed DNA markers to confirm the identity of the hybrids and if genes derived from each genome were inherited by the next generation. Observations of pollen indicated that the interspecific hybrids were essentially sterile. Unpaired chromosomes and abnormal segregation during meiosis were likely responsible for the pollen sterility of the hybrids. These findings could facilitate buckwheat breeding to produce lines that can withstand harsh environments with wild or related species in the genus Fagopyrum.

荞麦(Fagopyrum esculentum)是一种广泛种植的一年生自交不亲和植物。荞麦属包括20多个品种,包括荞麦属,一种多年生植物,与普通荞麦不同,它对过量的水分有很强的抵抗力。为了改善普通荞麦耐水能力差等缺点,利用胚拯救技术培育了荞麦与荞麦的种间杂交品种。通过基因组原位杂交(GISH)证实了种间杂交。我们还开发了DNA标记来确认杂种的身份,以及来自每个基因组的基因是否被下一代遗传。对花粉的观察表明,种间杂交种基本上是不育的。染色体不配对和减数分裂时的异常分离可能是杂种花粉不育的原因。这些发现可以促进荞麦育种,以生产出能够承受恶劣环境的荞麦属野生或相关物种。
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引用次数: 0
Characterization of a novel mutant with inhibition of storage root formation in sweet potato. 一个抑制甘薯贮藏根形成的新突变体的鉴定。
IF 2.4 4区 农林科学 Q2 AGRONOMY Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.1270/jsbbs.22090
Hyungjun Park, Tomoko Abe, Hisato Kunitake, Tomonari Hirano

Sweet potato is a widely cultivated crop with storage roots. Although many studies have been conducted on the mechanism of its storage root formation, the details have not been fully elucidated. We screened mutant lines with inhibition of storage root formation to clarify parts of the mechanism. In this study, the process of storage root formation in one of the mutant lines, C20-8-1, was investigated. The inhibition of storage root formation was observed during the early stages of growth. The roots in C20-8-1 did not show histological differences compared to those in wild type. The transition from fibrous roots to pencil roots, which are the developmental stages prior to mature storage root formation, was delayed or inhibited in C20-8-1. The upregulation of starch biosynthesis-related genes and downregulation of lignin biosynthesis genes with storage root swelling were not confirmed in the root of C20-8-1 during the developmental transition stage, suggesting that most of the roots in C20-8-1 are in the pre-transition state toward the storage root swelling. C20-8-1 showed a mutant phenotype during the critical period of storage root swelling initiation, and further clarification of this mutation is expected to provide new insights into storage root formation.

甘薯是一种广泛种植的储藏根作物。虽然对其贮藏根形成的机理进行了大量的研究,但其细节尚未完全阐明。我们筛选了抑制贮藏根形成的突变系,以阐明部分机制。本研究对其中一个突变系C20-8-1的贮藏根形成过程进行了研究。在生长早期观察到贮藏根形成的抑制。与野生型相比,C20-8-1的根在组织学上没有差异。从纤维根到铅笔根的转变是成熟储藏根形成之前的发育阶段,在C20-8-1中被延迟或抑制。在C20-8-1发育过渡阶段,淀粉生物合成相关基因的上调和木质素生物合成相关基因的下调在C20-8-1根系中未得到证实,说明C20-8-1大部分根系处于向贮藏根膨胀过渡的预过渡状态。C20-8-1在贮藏根膨胀起始的关键时期表现出突变表型,对该突变的进一步阐明有望为贮藏根形成提供新的认识。
{"title":"Characterization of a novel mutant with inhibition of storage root formation in sweet potato.","authors":"Hyungjun Park,&nbsp;Tomoko Abe,&nbsp;Hisato Kunitake,&nbsp;Tomonari Hirano","doi":"10.1270/jsbbs.22090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1270/jsbbs.22090","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sweet potato is a widely cultivated crop with storage roots. Although many studies have been conducted on the mechanism of its storage root formation, the details have not been fully elucidated. We screened mutant lines with inhibition of storage root formation to clarify parts of the mechanism. In this study, the process of storage root formation in one of the mutant lines, C20-8-1, was investigated. The inhibition of storage root formation was observed during the early stages of growth. The roots in C20-8-1 did not show histological differences compared to those in wild type. The transition from fibrous roots to pencil roots, which are the developmental stages prior to mature storage root formation, was delayed or inhibited in C20-8-1. The upregulation of starch biosynthesis-related genes and downregulation of lignin biosynthesis genes with storage root swelling were not confirmed in the root of C20-8-1 during the developmental transition stage, suggesting that most of the roots in C20-8-1 are in the pre-transition state toward the storage root swelling. C20-8-1 showed a mutant phenotype during the critical period of storage root swelling initiation, and further clarification of this mutation is expected to provide new insights into storage root formation.</p>","PeriodicalId":9258,"journal":{"name":"Breeding Science","volume":"73 2","pages":"212-218"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10316310/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10178172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
S haplotype collection in Brassicaceae crops-an updated list of S haplotypes. 十字花科作物S单倍型的收集——S单倍型的更新列表。
IF 2.4 4区 农林科学 Q2 AGRONOMY Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.1270/jsbbs.22091
Masaya Yamamoto, Tomoko Ishii, Marina Ogura, Takashi Akanuma, Xing-Yu Zhu, Hiroyasu Kitashiba

Self-incompatibility is the system that inhibits pollen germination and pollen tube growth by self-pollen. This trait is important for the breeding of Brassica and Raphanus species. In these species, self-incompatibility is governed by the S locus, which contains three linked genes (a set called the S haplotype), i.e., S-locus receptor kinase, S-locus cysteine-rich protein/S-locus protein 11, and S-locus glycoprotein. A large number of S haplotypes have been identified in Brassica oleracea, B. rapa, and Raphanus sativus to date, and the nucleotide sequences of their many alleles have also been registered. In this state, it is important to avoid confusion between S haplotypes, i.e., an identical S haplotype with different names and a different S haplotype with an identical S haplotype number. To mitigate this issue, we herein constructed a list of S haplotypes that are easily accessible to the latest nucleotide sequences of S-haplotype genes, together with revisions to and an update of S haplotype information. Furthermore, the histories of the S-haplotype collection in the three species are reviewed, the importance of the collection of S haplotypes as a genetic resource is discussed, and the management of information on S haplotypes is proposed.

自交不亲和是通过自交花粉抑制花粉萌发和花粉管生长的系统。该性状对芸苔属和莴苣属品种的选育具有重要意义。在这些物种中,自交不亲和性由S位点控制,S位点包含三个连锁基因(一组称为S单倍型),即S位点受体激酶、S位点富含半胱氨酸蛋白/S位点蛋白11和S位点糖蛋白。迄今为止,在甘蓝、油菜和莴苣中已经鉴定出大量的S单倍型,并记录了它们许多等位基因的核苷酸序列。在这种状态下,重要的是要避免S单倍型之间的混淆,即相同的S单倍型具有不同的名称和不同的S单倍型具有相同的S单倍型编号。为了解决这个问题,我们构建了一个S单倍型列表,这些列表很容易获得S单倍型基因的最新核苷酸序列,并对S单倍型信息进行了修订和更新。在此基础上,综述了3个物种S-单倍型收集的历史,讨论了S-单倍型收集作为遗传资源的重要性,并对S-单倍型信息的管理提出了建议。
{"title":"<i>S</i> haplotype collection in Brassicaceae crops-an updated list of <i>S</i> haplotypes.","authors":"Masaya Yamamoto,&nbsp;Tomoko Ishii,&nbsp;Marina Ogura,&nbsp;Takashi Akanuma,&nbsp;Xing-Yu Zhu,&nbsp;Hiroyasu Kitashiba","doi":"10.1270/jsbbs.22091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1270/jsbbs.22091","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Self-incompatibility is the system that inhibits pollen germination and pollen tube growth by self-pollen. This trait is important for the breeding of <i>Brassica</i> and <i>Raphanus</i> species. In these species, self-incompatibility is governed by the <i>S</i> locus, which contains three linked genes (a set called the <i>S</i> haplotype), i.e., <i>S</i>-locus receptor kinase, <i>S</i>-locus cysteine-rich protein/<i>S</i>-locus protein 11, and <i>S</i>-locus glycoprotein. A large number of <i>S</i> haplotypes have been identified in <i>Brassica oleracea</i>, <i>B. rapa</i>, and <i>Raphanus sativus</i> to date, and the nucleotide sequences of their many alleles have also been registered. In this state, it is important to avoid confusion between <i>S</i> haplotypes, i.e., an identical <i>S</i> haplotype with different names and a different <i>S</i> haplotype with an identical <i>S</i> haplotype number. To mitigate this issue, we herein constructed a list of <i>S</i> haplotypes that are easily accessible to the latest nucleotide sequences of <i>S</i>-haplotype genes, together with revisions to and an update of <i>S</i> haplotype information. Furthermore, the histories of the <i>S</i>-haplotype collection in the three species are reviewed, the importance of the collection of <i>S</i> haplotypes as a genetic resource is discussed, and the management of information on <i>S</i> haplotypes is proposed.</p>","PeriodicalId":9258,"journal":{"name":"Breeding Science","volume":"73 2","pages":"132-145"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10316313/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10178173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effects of SpsNAC042 transgenic Populus hopeiensis on root development, leaf morphology and stress resistance. SpsNAC042转基因盼望杨根发育、叶片形态及抗逆性的影响
IF 2.4 4区 农林科学 Q2 AGRONOMY Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.1270/jsbbs.22079
Lijiao Fan, Dongshan Wei, Xingwang Yu, Fengqiang Yu, Jiameng Wang, Guirong Sun, Alatengsuhe, Li Zhang, Guosheng Zhang, Haifeng Yang

To identify the function of the SpsNAC042 gene and its response to salt and drought stress, the SpsNAC042 gene was transformed into Populus hopeiensis by the Agrobacterium-mediated leaf disc method, and the phenotypic, physiological changes and related genes expression of transgenic lines were analyzed. The results showed that the number and length of roots of transgenic lines increased significantly. The leaves of transgenic lines curled inward. Under salt and simulated drought stress, the transgenic lines showed improved tolerance to salt and drought. The activities of SOD, POD, CAT and proline content in the transgenic lines were significantly increased, and the reduction rates of total chlorophyll and MDA content were significantly decreased, which indicated that the transgenic lines showed strong physiological responses under stress. Meanwhile, the gene expression of MPK6, SOS1, HKT1 and P5CS1 were significantly upregulated, and the gene expression of PRODH1 was significantly downregulated, which preliminarily verified the stress regulation mechanism that SpsNAC042 might activate. The above results showed that the SpsNAC042 gene could promote root development, make leaf morphology curl, and enhance P. hopeiensis tolerance to stress.

为鉴定SpsNAC042基因的功能及其对盐胁迫和干旱胁迫的响应,采用农杆菌介导的叶盘法将SpsNAC042基因转入希望杨,分析其表型、生理变化及相关基因表达情况。结果表明,转基因植株的根数和根长均显著增加。转基因植株的叶片向内卷曲。在盐和模拟干旱胁迫下,转基因品系对盐和干旱的耐受性提高。转基因品系的SOD、POD、CAT活性和脯氨酸含量显著升高,总叶绿素和MDA含量降低率显著降低,表明转基因品系在胁迫下表现出较强的生理响应。同时,MPK6、SOS1、HKT1和P5CS1基因表达显著上调,PRODH1基因表达显著下调,初步验证了SpsNAC042可能激活的应激调节机制。上述结果表明,SpsNAC042基因能够促进寄参草根系发育,使叶片形态卷曲,增强寄参草的抗逆性。
{"title":"Effects of <i>SpsNAC042</i> transgenic <i>Populus hopeiensis</i> on root development, leaf morphology and stress resistance.","authors":"Lijiao Fan,&nbsp;Dongshan Wei,&nbsp;Xingwang Yu,&nbsp;Fengqiang Yu,&nbsp;Jiameng Wang,&nbsp;Guirong Sun,&nbsp;Alatengsuhe,&nbsp;Li Zhang,&nbsp;Guosheng Zhang,&nbsp;Haifeng Yang","doi":"10.1270/jsbbs.22079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1270/jsbbs.22079","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To identify the function of the <i>SpsNAC042</i> gene and its response to salt and drought stress, the <i>SpsNAC042</i> gene was transformed into <i>Populus hopeiensis</i> by the Agrobacterium-mediated leaf disc method, and the phenotypic, physiological changes and related genes expression of transgenic lines were analyzed. The results showed that the number and length of roots of transgenic lines increased significantly. The leaves of transgenic lines curled inward. Under salt and simulated drought stress, the transgenic lines showed improved tolerance to salt and drought. The activities of SOD, POD, CAT and proline content in the transgenic lines were significantly increased, and the reduction rates of total chlorophyll and MDA content were significantly decreased, which indicated that the transgenic lines showed strong physiological responses under stress. Meanwhile, the gene expression of <i>MPK6</i>, <i>SOS1</i>, <i>HKT1</i> and <i>P5CS1</i> were significantly upregulated, and the gene expression of <i>PRODH1</i> was significantly downregulated, which preliminarily verified the stress regulation mechanism that <i>SpsNAC042</i> might activate. The above results showed that the <i>SpsNAC042</i> gene could promote root development, make leaf morphology curl, and enhance <i>P. hopeiensis</i> tolerance to stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":9258,"journal":{"name":"Breeding Science","volume":"73 2","pages":"180-192"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10316303/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10178170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Melon diversity on the Silk Road by molecular phylogenetic analysis in Kazakhstan melons. 通过对哈萨克斯坦甜瓜进行分子系统发育分析,了解丝绸之路上甜瓜的多样性。
IF 2 4区 农林科学 Q2 AGRONOMY Pub Date : 2023-04-01 Epub Date: 2023-04-25 DOI: 10.1270/jsbbs.22030
Katsunori Tanaka, Mitsuhiro Sugiyama, Gentaro Shigita, Ryoma Murakami, Thanh-Thuy Duong, Yasheng Aierken, Anna M Artemyeva, Zharas Mamypbelov, Ryuji Ishikawa, Hidetaka Nishida, Kenji Kato

To uncover population structure, phylogenetic relationship, and diversity in melons along the famous Silk Road, a seed size measurement and a phylogenetic analysis using five chloroplast genome markers, 17 RAPD markers and 11 SSR markers were conducted for 87 Kazakh melon accessions with reference accessions. Kazakh melon accessions had large seed with exception of two accessions of weedy melon, Group Agrestis, and consisted of three cytoplasm types, of which Ib-1/-2 and Ib-3 were dominant in Kazakhstan and nearby areas such as northwestern China, Central Asia and Russia. Molecular phylogeny showed that two unique genetic groups, STIa-2 with Ib-1/-2 cytoplasm and STIa-1 with Ib-3 cytoplasm, and one admixed group, STIAD combined with STIa and STIb, were prevalent across all Kazakh melon groups. STIAD melons that phylogenetically overlapped with STIa-1 and STIa-2 melons were frequent in the eastern Silk Road region, including Kazakhstan. Evidently, a small population contributed to melon development and variation in the eastern Silk Road. Conscious preservation of fruit traits specific to Kazakh melon groups is thought to play a role in the conservation of Kazakh melon genetic variation during melon production, where hybrid progenies were generated through open pollination.

为了揭示著名的丝绸之路沿线甜瓜的种群结构、系统发育关系和多样性,研究人员利用 5 个叶绿体基因组标记、17 个 RAPD 标记和 11 个 SSR 标记对 87 个哈萨克斯坦甜瓜品种和参考品种进行了种子大小测量和系统发育分析。除两个杂交甜瓜(Agrestis 组)外,哈萨克斯坦甜瓜品种的种子都很大,并由三种细胞质类型组成,其中 Ib-1/-2 和 Ib-3 在哈萨克斯坦及中国西北部、中亚和俄罗斯等邻近地区占主导地位。分子系统发育显示,两个独特的基因组,即具有 Ib-1/-2 细胞质的 STIa-2 和具有 Ib-3 细胞质的 STIa-1,以及一个混合组,即结合了 STIa 和 STIb 的 STIAD,在所有哈萨克甜瓜组中都很普遍。在系统发育上与 STIa-1 和 STIa-2 瓜类重叠的 STIAD 瓜类在包括哈萨克斯坦在内的东部丝绸之路地区很常见。可见,一小部分种群对丝绸之路东部地区甜瓜的发展和变异做出了贡献。在通过开放授粉产生杂交后代的甜瓜生产过程中,有意识地保留哈萨克甜瓜群体特有的果实性状被认为在保护哈萨克甜瓜遗传变异方面发挥了作用。
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引用次数: 0
Domestication of azuki bean and soybean in Japan: From the insight of archeological and molecular evidence. 日本红豆和大豆的驯化:从考古和分子证据的视角。
IF 2.4 4区 农林科学 Q2 AGRONOMY Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI: 10.1270/jsbbs.22074
Yu Takahashi, Hiroo Nasu, Seiji Nakayama, Norihiko Tomooka

Domestication of azuki bean and soybean has enabled them to acquire non-dormant seeds, non-shattering pods, and larger seed size. Seed remains of the Jomon period recently discovered at archeological sites in the Central Highlands of Japan (6,000-4,000 BP) suggest that the use of azuki bean and soybean and their increase in seed size began earlier in Japan than in China and Korea; molecular phylogenetic studies indicate that azuki bean and soybean originated in Japan. Recent identification of domestication genes indicate that the domestication traits of azuki bean and soybean were established by different mechanisms. Analyses of domestication related genes using DNA extracted from the seed remains would reveal further details about their domestication processes.

红豆和大豆的驯化使它们获得了不休眠的种子、不碎裂的豆荚和更大的种子。最近在日本中部高地考古遗址中发现的绳纹时期的种子遗迹(距今6000 - 4000年前)表明,日本使用红豆和大豆及其种子大小的增加比中国和韩国更早;分子系统发育研究表明,红豆和大豆起源于日本。最近对驯化基因的鉴定表明,红豆和大豆的驯化性状是由不同的机制建立的。利用从种子遗骸中提取的DNA对驯化相关基因进行分析,将进一步揭示它们驯化过程的细节。
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引用次数: 0
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Breeding Science
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