Objective Risk management in sports aims to minimise injury and illness risks while optimising athlete performance through systematic identification, assessment and mitigation strategies. Existing frameworks offer theoretical guidance, but practical tools for consistent implementation are not available. Our objective was to develop, identify and evaluate the implementation feasibility of a practical tool for identifying, prioritising and mitigating injury and illness risk in male professional football clubs in Qatar. Methods All 18 professional clubs in Qatar participated in a league workshop introducing the risk management plan (RMP) tool before the 2022–2023 season. Teams then engaged in structured risk assessment workshops involving medical and technical staff, identifying risks categorised as team, player or season related. Risk priority was determined using a standardised scoring system, and tasks were allocated among the responsible parties to reduce risk. Results All 18 clubs implemented the newly introduced RMP tool. A total of 809 risks were identified across all teams (45 risks per team), with player-related risks accounting for the majority (72%). Teams prioritised 265 (33%) of the identified risks for mitigation, with individualised training programmes, communication strategies and load management being the most frequently planned interventions. Task implementation involved a collaborative approach to risk mitigation, including 58 individuals (4.2±2.1 per team) across medical and technical roles. Conclusion The Aspetar RMP tool was adopted by all Qatar’s clubs, facilitating a structured approach to injury and illness risk identification and management. Identifying risk profiles and planning mitigation tasks reflected a mix of player-specific and team-level actions, and a collaborative approach involving both medical and technical staff. Data are available on reasonable request.
{"title":"Applying the principles of risk management in male professional football: a feasibility study, introducing the Aspetar sports injury and illness risk management tool","authors":"Bahar Hassanmirzaei, Montassar Tabben, Yorck Olaf Schumacher, Hafid Mammeri, Mokhtar Chaabane, Raouf Nader Rekik, Rui Drumond, Souhail Chebbi, Roald Bahr","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-110063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2025-110063","url":null,"abstract":"Objective Risk management in sports aims to minimise injury and illness risks while optimising athlete performance through systematic identification, assessment and mitigation strategies. Existing frameworks offer theoretical guidance, but practical tools for consistent implementation are not available. Our objective was to develop, identify and evaluate the implementation feasibility of a practical tool for identifying, prioritising and mitigating injury and illness risk in male professional football clubs in Qatar. Methods All 18 professional clubs in Qatar participated in a league workshop introducing the risk management plan (RMP) tool before the 2022–2023 season. Teams then engaged in structured risk assessment workshops involving medical and technical staff, identifying risks categorised as team, player or season related. Risk priority was determined using a standardised scoring system, and tasks were allocated among the responsible parties to reduce risk. Results All 18 clubs implemented the newly introduced RMP tool. A total of 809 risks were identified across all teams (45 risks per team), with player-related risks accounting for the majority (72%). Teams prioritised 265 (33%) of the identified risks for mitigation, with individualised training programmes, communication strategies and load management being the most frequently planned interventions. Task implementation involved a collaborative approach to risk mitigation, including 58 individuals (4.2±2.1 per team) across medical and technical roles. Conclusion The Aspetar RMP tool was adopted by all Qatar’s clubs, facilitating a structured approach to injury and illness risk identification and management. Identifying risk profiles and planning mitigation tasks reflected a mix of player-specific and team-level actions, and a collaborative approach involving both medical and technical staff. Data are available on reasonable request.","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"107 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145499494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-11DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2025-111020
Patrick C Wheeler,Katherine Rose Marino,Robin Chatterjee,Lucy Miriam Wright,Dane Vishnubala,Natasha Jones
{"title":"From BASEM to CSEM: from membership association to multiprofessional medical College.","authors":"Patrick C Wheeler,Katherine Rose Marino,Robin Chatterjee,Lucy Miriam Wright,Dane Vishnubala,Natasha Jones","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-111020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2025-111020","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145491715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-11DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2025-111063
Brooke E Patterson,Nana Akua Achiaa Adom-Aboagye,Naama Constantini,Carole Akinyi Okoth,Yuka Tsukahara,Dina Christina Christa Janse van Rensburg,Oluwatoyosi B A Owoeye,Libby J Gracias,Melissa J Haberfield,Jackie L Whittaker,H Paul Dijkstra,Tara-Leigh McHugh,Carolyn A Emery,Kay M Crossley
{"title":"Advancing global equity, diversity and inclusion in sport and exercise medicine consensus and research: deliberate, thoughtful steps from the FAIR consensus.","authors":"Brooke E Patterson,Nana Akua Achiaa Adom-Aboagye,Naama Constantini,Carole Akinyi Okoth,Yuka Tsukahara,Dina Christina Christa Janse van Rensburg,Oluwatoyosi B A Owoeye,Libby J Gracias,Melissa J Haberfield,Jackie L Whittaker,H Paul Dijkstra,Tara-Leigh McHugh,Carolyn A Emery,Kay M Crossley","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-111063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2025-111063","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145491612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-06DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2025-111067
Carly D McKay, Oluwatoyosi B A Owoeye, Brooke Patterson, Clare L Ardern, Merete Møller, Kay M Crossley, Carolyn A Emery
The Female, Woman and/or Girl Athlete Injury pRevention (FAIR) Consensus scoping review identified 220 papers that included outcomes relating to dissemination and implementation (D&I) of injury prevention strategies for female/woman/girl athletes.1 While a helpful consolidation of existing evidence with clear recommendations for action, there remains a challenge: recommendations are not recipe cards. They state an outcome, but do not always provide the instructions to make it happen. To see such recommendations realised, we need to establish steps that can be applied to effect change. The full list of FAIR D&I recommendations highlights injury prevention strategies that are adaptable, engaging and supported by education and/or policies.2 Involving all sport partners in cocreating, tailoring and developing confidence to deliver is also encouraged. Listing these recommendations is easy. Doing them is not. How do we tailor interventions or develop confidence? Recommendations are only useful if they are actionable, so where do we start? D&I data specific to female/woman/girl athletes is limited,1 so we may need to rely on what works in other settings. Without clear evidence, inaction is often the default—we want to avoid mistakes, so we do nothing. However, D&I is an inherently creative process, and there is space for innovation in developing solutions. There is an opportunity to embrace flexibility and learn as we go, building an evidence base as we experiment with approaches that meet the needs of our unique communities. There are established D&I principles to lean on, grounded in various theories. With so many options, deciding which one(s) to use and how to apply them is challenging, often becoming overwhelming and creating additional …
{"title":"Implementing recommendations from the FAIR consensus: where do we start?","authors":"Carly D McKay, Oluwatoyosi B A Owoeye, Brooke Patterson, Clare L Ardern, Merete Møller, Kay M Crossley, Carolyn A Emery","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-111067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2025-111067","url":null,"abstract":"The Female, Woman and/or Girl Athlete Injury pRevention (FAIR) Consensus scoping review identified 220 papers that included outcomes relating to dissemination and implementation (D&I) of injury prevention strategies for female/woman/girl athletes.1 While a helpful consolidation of existing evidence with clear recommendations for action, there remains a challenge: recommendations are not recipe cards. They state an outcome, but do not always provide the instructions to make it happen. To see such recommendations realised, we need to establish steps that can be applied to effect change. The full list of FAIR D&I recommendations highlights injury prevention strategies that are adaptable, engaging and supported by education and/or policies.2 Involving all sport partners in cocreating, tailoring and developing confidence to deliver is also encouraged. Listing these recommendations is easy. Doing them is not. How do we tailor interventions or develop confidence? Recommendations are only useful if they are actionable, so where do we start? D&I data specific to female/woman/girl athletes is limited,1 so we may need to rely on what works in other settings. Without clear evidence, inaction is often the default—we want to avoid mistakes, so we do nothing. However, D&I is an inherently creative process, and there is space for innovation in developing solutions. There is an opportunity to embrace flexibility and learn as we go, building an evidence base as we experiment with approaches that meet the needs of our unique communities. There are established D&I principles to lean on, grounded in various theories. With so many options, deciding which one(s) to use and how to apply them is challenging, often becoming overwhelming and creating additional …","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"96 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145455466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-05DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2025-111037
Alyssa C Grimes, Nancy Harrington (Quinn), Cheri Blauwet, Osman Hassan Ahmed, Erica H Gavel-Pinos, Katelyn M Mitchell, Kristine Dalton, Kristina Fagher, Larissa S P Pinheiro, Mélanie Labelle, Kay M Crossley, Carolyn A Emery
Para sport (ie, sport adapted for persons with a physical, sensory and/or intellectual disability) has seen remarkable growth in participation, popularity and social awareness in recent decades. One notable factor in this expansion is the considerable rise in female/women/girl (FWG) para athletes. At the most recent Summer Paralympics (Paris 2024), women accounted for 45% of all para athletes—the highest level of FWG representation in Paralympic history.1 Despite growing participation, FWG para athletes remain dismally under-represented in sport injury prevention and sport medicine research. Recently, the FWG Athlete Injury pRevention (FAIR) consensus developed recommendations to support injury prevention for FWG athletes.2 However, evidence was insufficient to inform para athlete-specific recommendations. Consequently, recommendations extended to FWG para athletes were extrapolated from evidence across other athlete groups.2 The application of non-para sport evidence to inform para sport recommendations is concerning given the absence of para sport-specific data and the systemic inequities that have historically shaped FWG participation in para sport.3 4 In the absence of data, injury prevention strategies will not address the unique needs of FWG para athletes, leaving para athletes at a high risk of preventable harm. This editorial calls for targeted research, with meaningful collaboration with para athletes and their support network (eg, coaches, clinicians, performance staff and sport federations) to ensure injury prevention strategies accurately reflect the realities of FWG para athletes across diverse levels of participation. Sport medicine and injury prevention …
{"title":"Towards an evidence-informed future in injury prevention: a call to action for female, women and girls in para sport","authors":"Alyssa C Grimes, Nancy Harrington (Quinn), Cheri Blauwet, Osman Hassan Ahmed, Erica H Gavel-Pinos, Katelyn M Mitchell, Kristine Dalton, Kristina Fagher, Larissa S P Pinheiro, Mélanie Labelle, Kay M Crossley, Carolyn A Emery","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-111037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2025-111037","url":null,"abstract":"Para sport (ie, sport adapted for persons with a physical, sensory and/or intellectual disability) has seen remarkable growth in participation, popularity and social awareness in recent decades. One notable factor in this expansion is the considerable rise in female/women/girl (FWG) para athletes. At the most recent Summer Paralympics (Paris 2024), women accounted for 45% of all para athletes—the highest level of FWG representation in Paralympic history.1 Despite growing participation, FWG para athletes remain dismally under-represented in sport injury prevention and sport medicine research. Recently, the FWG Athlete Injury pRevention (FAIR) consensus developed recommendations to support injury prevention for FWG athletes.2 However, evidence was insufficient to inform para athlete-specific recommendations. Consequently, recommendations extended to FWG para athletes were extrapolated from evidence across other athlete groups.2 The application of non-para sport evidence to inform para sport recommendations is concerning given the absence of para sport-specific data and the systemic inequities that have historically shaped FWG participation in para sport.3 4 In the absence of data, injury prevention strategies will not address the unique needs of FWG para athletes, leaving para athletes at a high risk of preventable harm. This editorial calls for targeted research, with meaningful collaboration with para athletes and their support network (eg, coaches, clinicians, performance staff and sport federations) to ensure injury prevention strategies accurately reflect the realities of FWG para athletes across diverse levels of participation. Sport medicine and injury prevention …","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145447127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-04DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2024-109595
Noortje Riedstra, Fleur Boel, Michiel MA van Buuren, Harbeer Ahedi, Vahid Arbabi, Nigel K Arden, Sara J Baart, Sita M A Bierma-Zeinstra, Flavia Cicutini, Timothy Cootes, Kay M Crossley, David T Felson, Willem-Paul Gielis, Joshua J Heerey, Graeme Jones, Stefan Kluzek, Nancy E Lane, Claudia Lindner, John A Lynch, Joyce van Meurs, Andrea Britt Mosler, Amanda E Nelson, Michael C Nevitt, Edwin H G Oei, Jos Runhaar, Jinchi Tang, Harrie Weinans, Rintje Agricola
Objective To assess the relationship between pincer morphology and incident radiographic hip osteoarthritis (RHOA) and study-specific subgroups. Methods Hips completely free of RHOA at baseline and with follow-up within 4–8 years were drawn from the World COACH consortium. The lateral centre edge angle (LCEA) was calculated uniformly on all baseline radiographs. Moderate pincer morphology was defined as an LCEA ≥40°, and severe pincer morphology as an LCEA ≥45° in sensitivity analyses. The primary outcome was incident RHOA defined by a harmonised OA score. A logistic regression model with generalised mixed effects with three levels (within-cohort, within-person and within-hip side correlation) adjusted for age, biological sex and body mass index (BMI) was employed. Descriptive statistics are reported for age, biological sex and BMI. Results 18 935 hips from nine cohorts were included. 4894 hips (25.8%) had moderate pincer morphology. Within 8 years (mean 6.0±1.7 years), 352 hips (1.9%) developed RHOA. Moderate pincer morphology was not associated with RHOA (OR 1.15 (0.92–1.51)), whereas severe pincer morphology was significantly associated (OR 1.50 95% CI 1.05 to 2.15). Moderate pincer morphology in groups aged 40–50 (RR 2.67, 95% CI 1.43 to 4.95) and BMI ≥25 (RR 1.23 95% CI 0.98 to 1.71) had a higher risk compared with non-pincer hips. Women (RR 1.20 95% CI 0.93 to 1.56) with pincer morphology may be more at risk than men (RR 0.95 95% CI 0.57 to 1.58). Conclusion The odds of developing RHOA within 8 years for hips with severe pincer morphology are 1.5 times higher than pincer-free hips, whereas moderate pincer morphology was not significantly associated with RHOA. Further research is necessary to uncover high risk subgroups of pincer morphology. Data are available upon reasonable request. Data may be obtained from a third party and are not publicly available. We encourage the use of data by third parties, although this is subject to approval by the steering committees of the World COACH consortium and the participating cohorts, as well as to legal boundaries regarding data ownership. A standardised data request form is available for which will be reviewed uniformly in order to consistently handle World COACH data requests.
目的探讨钳形形态与髋关节骨关节炎（RHOA）的关系及研究特异性亚组。方法选取基线时完全无RHOA的髋关节，随访时间为4-8年。在所有基线x线片上均匀计算侧中心边缘角（LCEA）。在敏感性分析中，中度钳形被定义为LCEA≥40°，重度钳形被定义为LCEA≥45°。主要结局是由统一OA评分定义的偶发RHOA。采用一个具有三个水平（队列内、个人内和髋侧相关）的广义混合效应的logistic回归模型，对年龄、生物性别和体重指数（BMI）进行调整。报告了年龄、生理性别和BMI的描述性统计数据。结果共纳入9个队列的18935例髋关节。4894例（25.8%）髋部呈中等钳形。8年内（平均6.0±1.7年）352髋（1.9%）发生RHOA。中度钳形形态与RHOA无关（OR 1.15(0.92-1.51)），而重度钳形形态与RHOA显著相关（OR 1.50 95% CI 1.05 - 2.15）。40-50岁中度钳形髋关节组（RR 2.67, 95% CI 1.43 ~ 4.95）和BMI≥25组（RR 1.23, 95% CI 0.98 ~ 1.71）与非钳形髋关节组相比风险更高。钳形形态的女性（RR 1.20 95% CI 0.93至1.56）可能比男性（RR 0.95 95% CI 0.57至1.58）更危险。结论严重钳形髋关节在8年内发生RHOA的几率是无钳形髋关节的1.5倍，而中度钳形髋关节与RHOA无显著相关性。需要进一步的研究来揭示钳形的高风险亚群。如有合理要求，可提供资料。数据可能会从第三方获得，并且不会公开提供。我们鼓励第三方使用数据，尽管这需要得到世界教练联盟指导委员会和参与队列的批准，以及关于数据所有权的法律界限。提供了一份标准化的数据请求表格，将对其进行统一审查，以便始终一致地处理世界教练数据请求。
{"title":"Severe pincer morphology is associated with incident hip osteoarthritis: prospective individual participant data from 18 935 hips from the World COACH consortium","authors":"Noortje Riedstra, Fleur Boel, Michiel MA van Buuren, Harbeer Ahedi, Vahid Arbabi, Nigel K Arden, Sara J Baart, Sita M A Bierma-Zeinstra, Flavia Cicutini, Timothy Cootes, Kay M Crossley, David T Felson, Willem-Paul Gielis, Joshua J Heerey, Graeme Jones, Stefan Kluzek, Nancy E Lane, Claudia Lindner, John A Lynch, Joyce van Meurs, Andrea Britt Mosler, Amanda E Nelson, Michael C Nevitt, Edwin H G Oei, Jos Runhaar, Jinchi Tang, Harrie Weinans, Rintje Agricola","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2024-109595","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2024-109595","url":null,"abstract":"Objective To assess the relationship between pincer morphology and incident radiographic hip osteoarthritis (RHOA) and study-specific subgroups. Methods Hips completely free of RHOA at baseline and with follow-up within 4–8 years were drawn from the World COACH consortium. The lateral centre edge angle (LCEA) was calculated uniformly on all baseline radiographs. Moderate pincer morphology was defined as an LCEA ≥40°, and severe pincer morphology as an LCEA ≥45° in sensitivity analyses. The primary outcome was incident RHOA defined by a harmonised OA score. A logistic regression model with generalised mixed effects with three levels (within-cohort, within-person and within-hip side correlation) adjusted for age, biological sex and body mass index (BMI) was employed. Descriptive statistics are reported for age, biological sex and BMI. Results 18 935 hips from nine cohorts were included. 4894 hips (25.8%) had moderate pincer morphology. Within 8 years (mean 6.0±1.7 years), 352 hips (1.9%) developed RHOA. Moderate pincer morphology was not associated with RHOA (OR 1.15 (0.92–1.51)), whereas severe pincer morphology was significantly associated (OR 1.50 95% CI 1.05 to 2.15). Moderate pincer morphology in groups aged 40–50 (RR 2.67, 95% CI 1.43 to 4.95) and BMI ≥25 (RR 1.23 95% CI 0.98 to 1.71) had a higher risk compared with non-pincer hips. Women (RR 1.20 95% CI 0.93 to 1.56) with pincer morphology may be more at risk than men (RR 0.95 95% CI 0.57 to 1.58). Conclusion The odds of developing RHOA within 8 years for hips with severe pincer morphology are 1.5 times higher than pincer-free hips, whereas moderate pincer morphology was not significantly associated with RHOA. Further research is necessary to uncover high risk subgroups of pincer morphology. Data are available upon reasonable request. Data may be obtained from a third party and are not publicly available. We encourage the use of data by third parties, although this is subject to approval by the steering committees of the World COACH consortium and the participating cohorts, as well as to legal boundaries regarding data ownership. A standardised data request form is available for which will be reviewed uniformly in order to consistently handle World COACH data requests.","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145441204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-04DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2025-111050
Jackie L Whittaker, Carolyn Emery, Merete Møller, Margo Mountjoy, Debbie Palmer, Jenna M Schulz, Kay M Crossley
Female, woman and girl sport has never been more visible,1 with full gender parity reached for the first time at the Paris 2024 Olympic Games, and record attendances set at the 2025’s European football championships and Rugby World Cup. Participation is surging from youth to senior levels, professionalism is accelerating and global audiences are catching up. Yet, as the fields, courts, pools and stadiums fill, female/woman/girl athletes remain chronically under-represented in the scientific evidence underpinning injury prevention. Across the more than 650 studies synthesised in the Female, woman and girl Athlete Injury pRevention (FAIR) consensus,2–7 fewer than 40% included female/woman/girl-specific data, and most failed to disaggregate female/woman/girl data from male/man/boy data. Also limited were data on female/woman/girl-specific injuries (eg, breast injuries) and considerations (eg, menstrual cycle, pregnancy-related and menopause experiences). These omissions result in a vicious cycle; under-representation limits understanding, which limits understanding evidence gaps, which limits justification and opportunities for funding, which perpetuates under-representation—ultimately undermining the health of female/woman/girl athletes. Without data, the story of female/woman/girl athlete injury risk is left to the imagination. When evidence is missing, myths fill the gaps: it must be their hips, hormones or fragility . These narratives perpetuate gendered stereotypes that undermine female/woman/girl athletes’ legitimacy, opportunities and performance. They also distract attention from the complex web of sociocultural, environmental and structural factors that shape injury risk6 including inequitable access to performance pathways, under-resourced medical support, ill-fitting equipment, unequal scheduling and a culture that normalises pain and silence. Many factors drive the under-representation of female/woman/girl athletes in research. Historically, injury prevention strategies were typically developed from male/man/boys’ data and systems and supporting infrastructure were built to fund, recruit and support research on male/man/boy athletes. This inertia continues to privilege …
{"title":"Road to FAIR: where are all the female, woman and girl athletes?","authors":"Jackie L Whittaker, Carolyn Emery, Merete Møller, Margo Mountjoy, Debbie Palmer, Jenna M Schulz, Kay M Crossley","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-111050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2025-111050","url":null,"abstract":"Female, woman and girl sport has never been more visible,1 with full gender parity reached for the first time at the Paris 2024 Olympic Games, and record attendances set at the 2025’s European football championships and Rugby World Cup. Participation is surging from youth to senior levels, professionalism is accelerating and global audiences are catching up. Yet, as the fields, courts, pools and stadiums fill, female/woman/girl athletes remain chronically under-represented in the scientific evidence underpinning injury prevention. Across the more than 650 studies synthesised in the Female, woman and girl Athlete Injury pRevention (FAIR) consensus,2–7 fewer than 40% included female/woman/girl-specific data, and most failed to disaggregate female/woman/girl data from male/man/boy data. Also limited were data on female/woman/girl-specific injuries (eg, breast injuries) and considerations (eg, menstrual cycle, pregnancy-related and menopause experiences). These omissions result in a vicious cycle; under-representation limits understanding, which limits understanding evidence gaps, which limits justification and opportunities for funding, which perpetuates under-representation—ultimately undermining the health of female/woman/girl athletes. Without data, the story of female/woman/girl athlete injury risk is left to the imagination. When evidence is missing, myths fill the gaps: it must be their hips, hormones or fragility . These narratives perpetuate gendered stereotypes that undermine female/woman/girl athletes’ legitimacy, opportunities and performance. They also distract attention from the complex web of sociocultural, environmental and structural factors that shape injury risk6 including inequitable access to performance pathways, under-resourced medical support, ill-fitting equipment, unequal scheduling and a culture that normalises pain and silence. Many factors drive the under-representation of female/woman/girl athletes in research. Historically, injury prevention strategies were typically developed from male/man/boys’ data and systems and supporting infrastructure were built to fund, recruit and support research on male/man/boy athletes. This inertia continues to privilege …","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"28 2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145441205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-04DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2025-110978
Patrick C Wheeler, Roger Hawkes, Graham Holloway
The British Association of Sport & Exercise Medicine (BASEM) is the UK’s largest multiprofessional membership association. It has about 1200 members within the UK and internationally, spanning graduates and undergraduates from medicine, physiotherapy and many other disciplines. Having started from informal meetings in 1952, BASEM has grown considerably over the last 73 years to become a large international organisation in SEM, running educational training courses and internationally acclaimed annual conferences, being supported financially through its co-ownership of the BJSM since 1996. The journey has not always been smooth, and there have been many challenges to overcome. It has survived many ups and downs over the last 70 years and is now progressing in its journey to form a UK College of Sport, Exercise and Musculoskeletal Medicine with the Faculty of Sport & Exercise Medicine (FSEM), thereby bringing the many benefits of BASEM as a membership association and FSEM as a standard setting body into a single combined organisation, delivering a single, clear voice to support all that it does. Paraphrasing BASEM’s charitable aims,1 the objectives of BASEM are: The formation of a new UK College furthers these objectives and will allow BASEM’s legacy to thrive well in this ever-changing 21st century. Although individuals had worked in sport many decades previously, the origin of the organisation known now as ‘BASEM’ can be traced back to 1952 when the ‘British Association of Sports Medicine’ (BASM) was founded. Its initial members were …
{"title":"Brief history of BASEM: from infancy, through great steps, (some) stumbles, to growth and evolution","authors":"Patrick C Wheeler, Roger Hawkes, Graham Holloway","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-110978","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2025-110978","url":null,"abstract":"The British Association of Sport & Exercise Medicine (BASEM) is the UK’s largest multiprofessional membership association. It has about 1200 members within the UK and internationally, spanning graduates and undergraduates from medicine, physiotherapy and many other disciplines. Having started from informal meetings in 1952, BASEM has grown considerably over the last 73 years to become a large international organisation in SEM, running educational training courses and internationally acclaimed annual conferences, being supported financially through its co-ownership of the BJSM since 1996. The journey has not always been smooth, and there have been many challenges to overcome. It has survived many ups and downs over the last 70 years and is now progressing in its journey to form a UK College of Sport, Exercise and Musculoskeletal Medicine with the Faculty of Sport & Exercise Medicine (FSEM), thereby bringing the many benefits of BASEM as a membership association and FSEM as a standard setting body into a single combined organisation, delivering a single, clear voice to support all that it does. Paraphrasing BASEM’s charitable aims,1 the objectives of BASEM are: The formation of a new UK College furthers these objectives and will allow BASEM’s legacy to thrive well in this ever-changing 21st century. Although individuals had worked in sport many decades previously, the origin of the organisation known now as ‘BASEM’ can be traced back to 1952 when the ‘British Association of Sports Medicine’ (BASM) was founded. Its initial members were …","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145441202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-04DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2025-109904
Brooke E Patterson, Carly D McKay, Meghan L Critchley, Destiny Lutz, Sallie M Cowan, Nicholas Kolesky, Vanda White, Allison M Ezzat, Andrew G Ross, William M Adams, Eva Ageberg, Clare L Ardern, Marelise Badenhorst, Molly Coventry, Marc-Olivier Dubé, Stacey Emmonds, Libby J Gracias, K. Alix Hayden, Hanna Lindblom, Merete Møller, Christine Holm Moseid, Nancy Harrington (Quinn), Dai Sugimoto, Evert Verhagen, Kate K Yung, Phathokuhle C Zondi, Carolyn A Emery, Kay M Crossley, Oluwatoyosi B A Owoeye
Objective To synthesise evidence related to the dissemination and implementation (D&I) of injury prevention interventions for female, woman and/or girl (female/woman/girl) athletes. Design Scoping review. Data sources MEDLINE, APA PsycInfo, Cochrane Databases for Systematic Review, Cochrane Central Register for Controlled Trials Registry, EMBASE, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, ERIC, ProQuest Dissertation and Theses Global. Eligibility Primary research including ≥25% female/woman/girl athletes of any age or people working with them (eg, coaches), participating in sports competition and/or performance, were eligible. Papers reporting D&I outcomes (eg, coach knowledge, adoption and maintenance) related to an injury prevention intervention and/or a factor (eg, coach beliefs) associated with D&I outcomes were included. Results 220 papers with 419 494 participants (96 790 athletes (49% female/woman/girl), 277 923 coaches (59% working with females/women/girls) and 44 781 others) across 81 sports were included. 89% of the papers were from Europe, Oceania and North America. Papers included amateur (n=175), sub-elite (n=10), elite (n=63) and Para sport (n=2) athletes. Interventions were training strategies (n=113), personal protective equipment (PPE, n=41), policy/rules/laws (n=5) or other (n=61, eg, multimodal). There were >650 D&I outcomes; adoption was the most common, followed by athlete and coach perceptions and attitudes about injury prevention. Key facilitators of D&I were previous injury experience, higher competition levels and positive perceptions and attitudes. Conclusion Most studies on D&I of injury prevention interventions for female/woman/girl athletes were descriptive and related to athletes and coaches. Engaging people across the socio-ecological system (eg, parents, health professionals and administrators) and prioritising under-represented regions, populations and D&I-focused trials may enhance D&I outcomes and ultimately reduce injury risk in female/woman/girl athletes. Data are available upon reasonable request. Data can be made available upon reasonable request to the corresponding author. Please email the corresponding author with a written proposal outlining the specific research aims and analysis plan and why these specific data are needed. A formal data-sharing agreement between institutions will be required.
{"title":"Dissemination and implementation of injury prevention interventions: a scoping review for the Female, woman and girl Athlete Injury pRevention (FAIR) consensus","authors":"Brooke E Patterson, Carly D McKay, Meghan L Critchley, Destiny Lutz, Sallie M Cowan, Nicholas Kolesky, Vanda White, Allison M Ezzat, Andrew G Ross, William M Adams, Eva Ageberg, Clare L Ardern, Marelise Badenhorst, Molly Coventry, Marc-Olivier Dubé, Stacey Emmonds, Libby J Gracias, K. Alix Hayden, Hanna Lindblom, Merete Møller, Christine Holm Moseid, Nancy Harrington (Quinn), Dai Sugimoto, Evert Verhagen, Kate K Yung, Phathokuhle C Zondi, Carolyn A Emery, Kay M Crossley, Oluwatoyosi B A Owoeye","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-109904","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2025-109904","url":null,"abstract":"Objective To synthesise evidence related to the dissemination and implementation (D&I) of injury prevention interventions for female, woman and/or girl (female/woman/girl) athletes. Design Scoping review. Data sources MEDLINE, APA PsycInfo, Cochrane Databases for Systematic Review, Cochrane Central Register for Controlled Trials Registry, EMBASE, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, ERIC, ProQuest Dissertation and Theses Global. Eligibility Primary research including ≥25% female/woman/girl athletes of any age or people working with them (eg, coaches), participating in sports competition and/or performance, were eligible. Papers reporting D&I outcomes (eg, coach knowledge, adoption and maintenance) related to an injury prevention intervention and/or a factor (eg, coach beliefs) associated with D&I outcomes were included. Results 220 papers with 419 494 participants (96 790 athletes (49% female/woman/girl), 277 923 coaches (59% working with females/women/girls) and 44 781 others) across 81 sports were included. 89% of the papers were from Europe, Oceania and North America. Papers included amateur (n=175), sub-elite (n=10), elite (n=63) and Para sport (n=2) athletes. Interventions were training strategies (n=113), personal protective equipment (PPE, n=41), policy/rules/laws (n=5) or other (n=61, eg, multimodal). There were >650 D&I outcomes; adoption was the most common, followed by athlete and coach perceptions and attitudes about injury prevention. Key facilitators of D&I were previous injury experience, higher competition levels and positive perceptions and attitudes. Conclusion Most studies on D&I of injury prevention interventions for female/woman/girl athletes were descriptive and related to athletes and coaches. Engaging people across the socio-ecological system (eg, parents, health professionals and administrators) and prioritising under-represented regions, populations and D&I-focused trials may enhance D&I outcomes and ultimately reduce injury risk in female/woman/girl athletes. Data are available upon reasonable request. Data can be made available upon reasonable request to the corresponding author. Please email the corresponding author with a written proposal outlining the specific research aims and analysis plan and why these specific data are needed. A formal data-sharing agreement between institutions will be required.","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145441186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-04DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2025-110067
Nicholas Kuzik, Veronik Sicard, Mark S Tremblay, Adrienne Davis, Gurinder Sangha, Keith Owen Yeates, Roger Zemek, Andrée-Anne Ledoux
Objective Optimal balances of sedentary behaviour, physical activity and sleep (collectively termed movement behaviours) for concussion management remain unknown. We sought to determine the optimal daily distribution of movement behaviours for reducing postconcussion symptom burden in children and adolescents. Methods This secondary analysis of the Paediatric Concussion Assessment of Rest and Exertion (PedCARE) study included participants aged 10 to <18 years with an acute concussion (>48 hours of presenting to emergency department). Health and Behaviour Inventory (HBI) concussion symptoms were measured at a 2-week post-emergency department follow-up. Persisting symptoms after concussion (PSAC) were classified through reliable change in total HBI scores. Movement behaviours were measured with accelerometers over 13 days. For each day of movement behaviours, compositional regression models were built to determine the optimal daily movement behaviours for predicting HBI scores and PSAC probability. Results Analyses included 259 participants (45% female, mean age 13.3 years). Compared with the average, movement behaviours associated with optimal postconcussion outcomes followed a trend of initially more rest (eg, day 2: 11.5 (95% CI 8.8 to 12.7) hours/day of sleep and 8.5 (95% CI 6.5 to 11.3) hours/day sedentary). Optimal patterns also included above-average moderate-to-vigorous physical activity across the 13 days (eg, days 2, 7, 13:0.6 (95% CI 0.2 to 1.2), 1.5 (95% CI 1.2 to 1.7), 1.1 (95% CI 0.2 to 1.7) hours/day, respectively), with increased light physical activity emerging as optimal later in recovery (eg, day 10:5.5 (95% CI 5.0 to 5.8) hours/day). Conclusions This is the first study to use compositional data analyses to identify an optimal distribution of movement behaviours for concussion symptom recovery in children and adolescents. Our results can inform concussion management protocols that balance rest and activity throughout recovery. Data are available on reasonable request.
目的脑震荡治疗中久坐行为、身体活动和睡眠（统称为运动行为）的最佳平衡尚不清楚。我们试图确定运动行为的最佳日常分布，以减少儿童和青少年脑震荡后症状负担。方法：对儿童脑震荡休息和运动评估（PedCARE）研究的二次分析纳入了到急诊室就诊10至48小时的参与者。健康和行为量表（HBI）脑震荡症状在急诊科随访2周后测量。通过HBI总分的可靠变化对脑震荡后持续症状（PSAC）进行分类。在13天内用加速度计测量运动行为。对于每天的运动行为，构建组合回归模型，以确定预测HBI评分和PSAC概率的最佳每日运动行为。结果纳入259名参与者（女性45%，平均年龄13.3岁）。与平均值相比，与最佳脑震荡后结果相关的运动行为遵循最初更多休息的趋势（例如，第2天：每天11.5 （95% CI 8.8至12.7）小时睡眠和8.5 （95% CI 6.5至11.3）小时久坐）。最佳模式还包括在13天内（例如，第2天、第7天、第13:6 .6 （95% CI 0.2至1.2）、第1.5 （95% CI 1.2至1.7）、第1.1 （95% CI 0.2至1.7）小时/天）进行高于平均水平的中度至剧烈体育活动，在恢复后期（例如，第10:5.5 （95% CI 5.0至5.8）小时/天）增加轻度体育活动是最佳的。结论：这是第一个使用成分数据分析来确定儿童和青少年脑震荡症状恢复的最佳运动行为分布的研究。我们的结果可以为脑震荡的管理方案提供信息，在恢复过程中平衡休息和活动。如有合理要求，可提供资料。
{"title":"Optimal movement behaviours for postconcussion symptom recovery in children and adolescents: a compositional analysis of the PedCARE cohort","authors":"Nicholas Kuzik, Veronik Sicard, Mark S Tremblay, Adrienne Davis, Gurinder Sangha, Keith Owen Yeates, Roger Zemek, Andrée-Anne Ledoux","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-110067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2025-110067","url":null,"abstract":"Objective Optimal balances of sedentary behaviour, physical activity and sleep (collectively termed movement behaviours) for concussion management remain unknown. We sought to determine the optimal daily distribution of movement behaviours for reducing postconcussion symptom burden in children and adolescents. Methods This secondary analysis of the Paediatric Concussion Assessment of Rest and Exertion (PedCARE) study included participants aged 10 to <18 years with an acute concussion (>48 hours of presenting to emergency department). Health and Behaviour Inventory (HBI) concussion symptoms were measured at a 2-week post-emergency department follow-up. Persisting symptoms after concussion (PSAC) were classified through reliable change in total HBI scores. Movement behaviours were measured with accelerometers over 13 days. For each day of movement behaviours, compositional regression models were built to determine the optimal daily movement behaviours for predicting HBI scores and PSAC probability. Results Analyses included 259 participants (45% female, mean age 13.3 years). Compared with the average, movement behaviours associated with optimal postconcussion outcomes followed a trend of initially more rest (eg, day 2: 11.5 (95% CI 8.8 to 12.7) hours/day of sleep and 8.5 (95% CI 6.5 to 11.3) hours/day sedentary). Optimal patterns also included above-average moderate-to-vigorous physical activity across the 13 days (eg, days 2, 7, 13:0.6 (95% CI 0.2 to 1.2), 1.5 (95% CI 1.2 to 1.7), 1.1 (95% CI 0.2 to 1.7) hours/day, respectively), with increased light physical activity emerging as optimal later in recovery (eg, day 10:5.5 (95% CI 5.0 to 5.8) hours/day). Conclusions This is the first study to use compositional data analyses to identify an optimal distribution of movement behaviours for concussion symptom recovery in children and adolescents. Our results can inform concussion management protocols that balance rest and activity throughout recovery. Data are available on reasonable request.","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145441201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：