Pub Date : 2025-12-31DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2025-110896
Loudovikos Dimitrios Liosis, Raul Martinez-Santos, Jordan Santos-Concejero
{"title":"Post-activation performance enhancement as a multi-purpose tool for developing power output in youth athletes, preserving functional ability of the ageing population, and preventing anterior cruciate ligament injuries in team sport athletes (PhD Academy Award).","authors":"Loudovikos Dimitrios Liosis, Raul Martinez-Santos, Jordan Santos-Concejero","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-110896","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2025-110896","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145877873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-31DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2025-110372
Jared Powell, Lianne Wood, Aidan Gregory Cashin, Jeremy S Lewis
{"title":"It is not all about strength: rethinking mechanistic assumptions in exercise-based rehabilitation for musculoskeletal pain relief.","authors":"Jared Powell, Lianne Wood, Aidan Gregory Cashin, Jeremy S Lewis","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-110372","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2025-110372","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145877845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-29DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2025-111249
Scott Mclean, Paul M Salmon, Mitch Naughton, Tom Page, Barry Drust, Michael Brownlow
{"title":"Football clubs and their 'hive mind': distributed situation awareness (DSA) and its role in injury management.","authors":"Scott Mclean, Paul M Salmon, Mitch Naughton, Tom Page, Barry Drust, Michael Brownlow","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-111249","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-111249","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"59 23","pages":"1641-1642"},"PeriodicalIF":16.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12772569/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145854477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-23DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2025-110804
Michael Brownlow,Dominic Charles Townsend,Ian Varley,Bradley Sprouse,Mike Hughes,Arron Ackerman,David Taylor,Gill Myburgh,Paddy Riley,Sameer Patel,Antonio Belli,Matthew Green
OBJECTIVETo describe the frequency, rates and contextual features of heading in matches across the English men's elite football pathway.METHODSThis prospective observational cohort study coded purposeful heading events in English Premier League First Team (senior), Category 1 and Category 2 Academy matches played between April 2021 and June 2024. Using video analysis and predefined heading and match descriptors, the study focused on heading frequency, rates, preceding events and unintended head impacts occurring during heading events.RESULTSA total of 687 matches were included in the analysis, yielding 26 510 purposeful heading events across 49 703 match minutes. Heading rates/min increased by 13% per age group, from U9s to senior levels, rising from 0.167 to 0.875 headers/min. Central defenders exhibited the highest heading frequency, accounting for 34.2%-36.3% of all heading events. The most common preceding event leading to a header was a long pass. Unintended head impacts during heading events were infrequent (31 occasions, <1% of all purposeful heading events), with the highest incidence (1 per 971 match minutes) observed in senior players and the lowest incidence (1 per 1852 match minutes) observed in foundation (under 9s to under 11s) players. Six players were removed from play following medical assessment.CONCLUSIONSThis is the first published study to report heading rates across an entire elite, men's football pathway. The findings support data-informed decisions regarding heading exposure in elite male footballers and provide valuable insights for those preparing players for the demands of the elite game at different age levels. Unintended head impacts during heading events occurred more frequently in senior players. Further research is needed to understand the variability in heading exposure throughout an individual player's development pathway and any potential clinical ramifications.
{"title":"Heading in football matches: descriptive analysis of heading events from 687 matches across age groups in English Academy and First Team men's professional football.","authors":"Michael Brownlow,Dominic Charles Townsend,Ian Varley,Bradley Sprouse,Mike Hughes,Arron Ackerman,David Taylor,Gill Myburgh,Paddy Riley,Sameer Patel,Antonio Belli,Matthew Green","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-110804","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2025-110804","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVETo describe the frequency, rates and contextual features of heading in matches across the English men's elite football pathway.METHODSThis prospective observational cohort study coded purposeful heading events in English Premier League First Team (senior), Category 1 and Category 2 Academy matches played between April 2021 and June 2024. Using video analysis and predefined heading and match descriptors, the study focused on heading frequency, rates, preceding events and unintended head impacts occurring during heading events.RESULTSA total of 687 matches were included in the analysis, yielding 26 510 purposeful heading events across 49 703 match minutes. Heading rates/min increased by 13% per age group, from U9s to senior levels, rising from 0.167 to 0.875 headers/min. Central defenders exhibited the highest heading frequency, accounting for 34.2%-36.3% of all heading events. The most common preceding event leading to a header was a long pass. Unintended head impacts during heading events were infrequent (31 occasions, <1% of all purposeful heading events), with the highest incidence (1 per 971 match minutes) observed in senior players and the lowest incidence (1 per 1852 match minutes) observed in foundation (under 9s to under 11s) players. Six players were removed from play following medical assessment.CONCLUSIONSThis is the first published study to report heading rates across an entire elite, men's football pathway. The findings support data-informed decisions regarding heading exposure in elite male footballers and provide valuable insights for those preparing players for the demands of the elite game at different age levels. Unintended head impacts during heading events occurred more frequently in senior players. Further research is needed to understand the variability in heading exposure throughout an individual player's development pathway and any potential clinical ramifications.","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145823855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-19DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2025-111281
Khaled Abdelmagid
{"title":"Walking through back pain: a GP's perspective from the patient side.","authors":"Khaled Abdelmagid","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-111281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2025-111281","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"179 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145786080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-19DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2025-110430
Tom Allen,Matt Taberner,Mikhail Zhilkin,Matthew Green
OBJECTIVESTo describe the running load demands and fixture congestion of English Premier League (EPL) teams from seasons 2015/2016 to 2024/2025.METHODSA total of 3750 games across ten seasons were analysed for team total distance (TD), high-intensity distance (HID; >5.5 m/s), high-speed running distance (HSR; 5.5-7 m/s) and sprint distance (SprD; >7 m/s). Matches were tracked using semi-automated systems; TRACAB (2015/2016-2018/2019) and Second Spectrum (2S; 2019/2020-2024/2025). Match minutes (Wyscout) were used to calculate total and congested minutes per season.RESULTSSignificant small to large increases (all p<0.001) were observed in team TD (effect size (ES): 0.56), HID (ES: 1.79), HSR (ES: 1.67) and SprD (ES: 1.61), along with moderate increases in per-minute metrics for HID/min (ES: 1.55), HSR/min (ES: 1.41) and SprD/min (ES: 1.46) between 2015/2016 and 2024/2025. TD/min (ES: -0.27) showed a small decrease. Trivial to moderate differences were found in season-to-season comparisons for TD (p<0.05; ES: -0.65 to 0.81), HID (p<0.05; ES: 0.16 to 0.47), HSR (p<0.05; ES: -0.17 to 0.55) and SprD (p<0.05; ES: 0.19 to 0.26). Rolling 3-season total (+1600 min) and congested (+1415) match minutes increased for all players between 2015/2016 and 2024/2025. A higher increase was seen for the top six team players' total (+5659) and congested (+2003) minutes.CONCLUSIONRunning load demands (TD, HID, HSR, SprD, HID/min, HSR/min and SprD/min), total match minutes and congested minutes have increased over the last decade. The top six teams are exposed to more total and congested minutes than other teams. Continuous monitoring of player responses to these increased demands is essential to better understand the potential impact on player health, especially those with more exposure.
{"title":"Evolving running load demands and fixture congestion in the English Premier League: a decade of insights from 2015/2016 to 2024/2025.","authors":"Tom Allen,Matt Taberner,Mikhail Zhilkin,Matthew Green","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-110430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2025-110430","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVESTo describe the running load demands and fixture congestion of English Premier League (EPL) teams from seasons 2015/2016 to 2024/2025.METHODSA total of 3750 games across ten seasons were analysed for team total distance (TD), high-intensity distance (HID; >5.5 m/s), high-speed running distance (HSR; 5.5-7 m/s) and sprint distance (SprD; >7 m/s). Matches were tracked using semi-automated systems; TRACAB (2015/2016-2018/2019) and Second Spectrum (2S; 2019/2020-2024/2025). Match minutes (Wyscout) were used to calculate total and congested minutes per season.RESULTSSignificant small to large increases (all p<0.001) were observed in team TD (effect size (ES): 0.56), HID (ES: 1.79), HSR (ES: 1.67) and SprD (ES: 1.61), along with moderate increases in per-minute metrics for HID/min (ES: 1.55), HSR/min (ES: 1.41) and SprD/min (ES: 1.46) between 2015/2016 and 2024/2025. TD/min (ES: -0.27) showed a small decrease. Trivial to moderate differences were found in season-to-season comparisons for TD (p<0.05; ES: -0.65 to 0.81), HID (p<0.05; ES: 0.16 to 0.47), HSR (p<0.05; ES: -0.17 to 0.55) and SprD (p<0.05; ES: 0.19 to 0.26). Rolling 3-season total (+1600 min) and congested (+1415) match minutes increased for all players between 2015/2016 and 2024/2025. A higher increase was seen for the top six team players' total (+5659) and congested (+2003) minutes.CONCLUSIONRunning load demands (TD, HID, HSR, SprD, HID/min, HSR/min and SprD/min), total match minutes and congested minutes have increased over the last decade. The top six teams are exposed to more total and congested minutes than other teams. Continuous monitoring of player responses to these increased demands is essential to better understand the potential impact on player health, especially those with more exposure.","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145786081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-18DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2025-110042
Madeleine Pape,Anna Posbergh,Sheree Bekker,Michele Donnelly,Ke Hu,Luci Olewinski,Roger Pielke,Yannis P Pitsiladis,Tiffany Thomas,Eric Vilain,Alun G Williams
{"title":"Integrity is needed in the regulation of transgender athletes and athletes with sex variations.","authors":"Madeleine Pape,Anna Posbergh,Sheree Bekker,Michele Donnelly,Ke Hu,Luci Olewinski,Roger Pielke,Yannis P Pitsiladis,Tiffany Thomas,Eric Vilain,Alun G Williams","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-110042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2025-110042","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145777355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-18DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2025-111248
Cherrie Daley,Helen Pickford
{"title":"Shared space of mental health and well-being: interdisciplinary collaboration to enhance player care and performance.","authors":"Cherrie Daley,Helen Pickford","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-111248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2025-111248","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"248 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145777356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-18DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2025-111313
James Milner,Steph Houghton
{"title":"Player reflections on change: 20 years of evolving demands and support in elite football.","authors":"James Milner,Steph Houghton","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-111313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2025-111313","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145777354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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