Pub Date : 2025-11-19DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2025-110866
Sergio Rodríguez-Barbero, José María González-Ravé, Fernando González-Mohíno, Daniel Juárez Santos-García, Víctor Rodrigo Carranza, Violeta Muñoz de la Cruz, Daniel Boullosa, Jordan Santos-Concejero, Benedicte Vanwanseele
This doctoral thesis investigated how endurance training shapes running biomechanics and physiology through five inter-related studies. The doctoral thesis had three main aims: 1. To determine the validity and reliability of wearable devices (Stryd, Runmatic and Optojump) for measuring spatiotemporal parameters in runners of different levels. 2. To analyse the acute biomechanical and physiological responses to fatigue during interval training with varying recovery durations. 3. To examine the medium (8 week) and long (20 week) endurance and combined endurance–strength programmes on running economy and performance in both recreational and well-trained athletes. To address these aims, I combined a systematic review, validation studies and longitudinal experimental design studies; 24 recreational and 60 well-trained runners participated, undergoing laboratory and field-based assessments. Across studies, I evaluated key outcomes including oxygen uptake, lactate concentration, biomechanical parameters, neuromuscular function and perceptual responses. Collectively, this thesis provides new insights into how wearable technology can be used to monitor runners, how fatigue alters biomechanics during training and how different training strategies influence both physiological and biomechanical adaptations in distance running. Wearable technology has become increasingly popular in sport, yet many devices are widely used without proper validation in endurance running. Reliable and accessible tools to monitor biomechanics are essential for optimising training and …
{"title":"Comprehensive evaluation of training in long-distance runners (PhD Academy Award)","authors":"Sergio Rodríguez-Barbero, José María González-Ravé, Fernando González-Mohíno, Daniel Juárez Santos-García, Víctor Rodrigo Carranza, Violeta Muñoz de la Cruz, Daniel Boullosa, Jordan Santos-Concejero, Benedicte Vanwanseele","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-110866","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2025-110866","url":null,"abstract":"This doctoral thesis investigated how endurance training shapes running biomechanics and physiology through five inter-related studies. The doctoral thesis had three main aims: 1. To determine the validity and reliability of wearable devices (Stryd, Runmatic and Optojump) for measuring spatiotemporal parameters in runners of different levels. 2. To analyse the acute biomechanical and physiological responses to fatigue during interval training with varying recovery durations. 3. To examine the medium (8 week) and long (20 week) endurance and combined endurance–strength programmes on running economy and performance in both recreational and well-trained athletes. To address these aims, I combined a systematic review, validation studies and longitudinal experimental design studies; 24 recreational and 60 well-trained runners participated, undergoing laboratory and field-based assessments. Across studies, I evaluated key outcomes including oxygen uptake, lactate concentration, biomechanical parameters, neuromuscular function and perceptual responses. Collectively, this thesis provides new insights into how wearable technology can be used to monitor runners, how fatigue alters biomechanics during training and how different training strategies influence both physiological and biomechanical adaptations in distance running. Wearable technology has become increasingly popular in sport, yet many devices are widely used without proper validation in endurance running. Reliable and accessible tools to monitor biomechanics are essential for optimising training and …","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"162 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145553308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-17DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2025-110336
Justin Martino
In clinical and professional conversations alike, musculoskeletal (MSK) pain is often described as resulting from weakness—for instance, a weak core, quads or glutes. The solution? Targeted, tissue-specific exercise. It is plausible, accessible and low risk, which makes it an appealing choice. However, plausibility is not proof. When we examine these claims, the narrative develops more nuance. Despite decades of research and clinical promotion, the mechanistic clarity and comparative effectiveness of exercise for MSK pain remain uncertain. Best evidence suggests modest effects and targeted, tissue-specific exercise often fails to outperform non-specific alternatives. Although there seems to be a growing appreciation for the aforementioned evidence, our patient education, research and public messaging still emphasise precise loading for pain relief. As a field, our patients may benefit from further aligning our narrative with current evidence. While certain professions may be more likely to already appreciate this nuance, a key challenge may lie within those whose identities are closely tied to biomechanically precise exercise prescription. A parallel can be drawn to manual therapy, in which there is a push among researchers to de-emphasise the necessity of treatment specificity.1 I believe exercise deserves similar reframing. An analysis of exercise-focused trials for rotator cuff-related shoulder pain found that 95% of proposed mechanisms for pain relief were biomedical in nature, compared with just 5% biopsychosocial. …
{"title":"Reframing exercise for musculoskeletal pain relief","authors":"Justin Martino","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-110336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2025-110336","url":null,"abstract":"In clinical and professional conversations alike, musculoskeletal (MSK) pain is often described as resulting from weakness—for instance, a weak core, quads or glutes. The solution? Targeted, tissue-specific exercise. It is plausible, accessible and low risk, which makes it an appealing choice. However, plausibility is not proof. When we examine these claims, the narrative develops more nuance. Despite decades of research and clinical promotion, the mechanistic clarity and comparative effectiveness of exercise for MSK pain remain uncertain. Best evidence suggests modest effects and targeted, tissue-specific exercise often fails to outperform non-specific alternatives. Although there seems to be a growing appreciation for the aforementioned evidence, our patient education, research and public messaging still emphasise precise loading for pain relief. As a field, our patients may benefit from further aligning our narrative with current evidence. While certain professions may be more likely to already appreciate this nuance, a key challenge may lie within those whose identities are closely tied to biomechanically precise exercise prescription. A parallel can be drawn to manual therapy, in which there is a push among researchers to de-emphasise the necessity of treatment specificity.1 I believe exercise deserves similar reframing. An analysis of exercise-focused trials for rotator cuff-related shoulder pain found that 95% of proposed mechanisms for pain relief were biomedical in nature, compared with just 5% biopsychosocial. …","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145536363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-17DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2025-110638
Fei-Fei Liu, Karim M Khan, Rae SM Yeung
The number of cancer patients in the world is projected to climb by 77% to a total of 35 million individuals by 2050, due to both rising incidence as the global population increases and ages, as well as exposure to carcinogens.1 Given this substantial burden, any intervention that can improve cancer survival is critically important. An international randomised clinical trial (RCT) recently demonstrated that a structured exercise regimen improved disease-free and overall survival in patients with colorectal cancer.2 In the CHALLENGE trial, 889 patients with stage 3 colon cancer (median age 61 years) were randomised to either an education booklet on exercise, or a structured exercise regimen for 3 years, after completing postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy.2 At a median follow-up of almost 8 years, the structured exercise group experienced a 90% overall survival, compared with 83% for the education booklet group (95% CI, 1.8 to 12.3 survival difference). Disease-free survival was also significantly longer in the structured exercise group than in the education group (HR for disease recurrence, new primary cancer or death, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.55 to 0.94), despite adherence declining over time from 83% to 59% towards the end of the 3 years. This is one of the most robust demonstrations of the benefit of …
{"title":"Time to fund exercise programmes for cancer survivors: the evidence is mounting","authors":"Fei-Fei Liu, Karim M Khan, Rae SM Yeung","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-110638","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2025-110638","url":null,"abstract":"The number of cancer patients in the world is projected to climb by 77% to a total of 35 million individuals by 2050, due to both rising incidence as the global population increases and ages, as well as exposure to carcinogens.1 Given this substantial burden, any intervention that can improve cancer survival is critically important. An international randomised clinical trial (RCT) recently demonstrated that a structured exercise regimen improved disease-free and overall survival in patients with colorectal cancer.2 In the CHALLENGE trial, 889 patients with stage 3 colon cancer (median age 61 years) were randomised to either an education booklet on exercise, or a structured exercise regimen for 3 years, after completing postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy.2 At a median follow-up of almost 8 years, the structured exercise group experienced a 90% overall survival, compared with 83% for the education booklet group (95% CI, 1.8 to 12.3 survival difference). Disease-free survival was also significantly longer in the structured exercise group than in the education group (HR for disease recurrence, new primary cancer or death, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.55 to 0.94), despite adherence declining over time from 83% to 59% towards the end of the 3 years. This is one of the most robust demonstrations of the benefit of …","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145536364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-15DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2025-110686
Nico Pronk, Ross Arena, Frederick J Zimmerman, Colin Woodard
Public policy can be a powerful tool for improving health and well-being at the community and societal levels.1 Policies profoundly shape the context in which health happens. They do so by shaping the set of options people have to engage in healthy behaviour, the incentives or disincentives for doing so and the resources people have to invest in these behaviours. For physical activity (PA), for example, policies often determine whether people can safely walk or bike in their neighbourhoods or—through transportation and urban planning—how much time people have available for PA in general. In this sense, population-level PA is an outcome, in part, of public policy and, therefore, political choices. PA promotion is an evidence-based, cost-effective strategy to improve population health outcomes across many domains and disease states, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes and certain cancers. Yet, in 2022, 31% of adults globally were physically inactive.2 Hence, population PA levels need improvement to address rising illness and cost burdens across society; doing so requires engaging with policy. To leverage political action to adopt policies that will increase population-level PA, a thorough understanding of the generative forces involved is critical. This article is intended for public health advocates, policymakers, urban planners, educators and community leaders. It argues that physical inactivity is a systemic issue shaped by political decisions and power dynamics, rather than solely by individual choice. We present an ecological framework for strategic action, emphasising cross-sector integration and equity-focused investment to achieve sustainable, population-wide increases in PA. The urgency is underscored by the persistent global health crisis linked to physical inactivity …
{"title":"Driving physical activity policy for improved population health demands political action","authors":"Nico Pronk, Ross Arena, Frederick J Zimmerman, Colin Woodard","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-110686","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2025-110686","url":null,"abstract":"Public policy can be a powerful tool for improving health and well-being at the community and societal levels.1 Policies profoundly shape the context in which health happens. They do so by shaping the set of options people have to engage in healthy behaviour, the incentives or disincentives for doing so and the resources people have to invest in these behaviours. For physical activity (PA), for example, policies often determine whether people can safely walk or bike in their neighbourhoods or—through transportation and urban planning—how much time people have available for PA in general. In this sense, population-level PA is an outcome, in part, of public policy and, therefore, political choices. PA promotion is an evidence-based, cost-effective strategy to improve population health outcomes across many domains and disease states, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes and certain cancers. Yet, in 2022, 31% of adults globally were physically inactive.2 Hence, population PA levels need improvement to address rising illness and cost burdens across society; doing so requires engaging with policy. To leverage political action to adopt policies that will increase population-level PA, a thorough understanding of the generative forces involved is critical. This article is intended for public health advocates, policymakers, urban planners, educators and community leaders. It argues that physical inactivity is a systemic issue shaped by political decisions and power dynamics, rather than solely by individual choice. We present an ecological framework for strategic action, emphasising cross-sector integration and equity-focused investment to achieve sustainable, population-wide increases in PA. The urgency is underscored by the persistent global health crisis linked to physical inactivity …","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"92 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145525132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-15DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2025-110185
Bridget M Whelan, Camilla Astley, Lauren Paladino, Katherine F Wainwright, Daniel J Taylor, Alisa Huskey, Kelly N Kim, Kimberly G Harmon
Objective The Athlete Psychological Strain Questionnaire (APSQ) is a 10-item mental health screen in the International Olympic Committee Sport Mental Health Assessment Tool 1. This study evaluated its accuracy compared to six validated mental health screening tools in collegiate athletes. Methods Division I collegiate athletes (n=2758) completed the APSQ alongside validated screening tools for anxiety (Generalised Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7)), depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9)), sleep disturbance (Athlete Sleep Screening Questionnaire-Sleep Difficulty Score (ASSQ-SDS)), alcohol use (Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Consumption (AUDIT-C)), substance use (Cutting down, Annoyance by Criticism, Guilty feelings and Eye openers Adapted to Include Drugs (CAGE-AID) and disordered eating (Eating Disorder Examination—Questionnaire Short (EDE-QS)) between June 2020 and June 2023. The APSQ’s performance was assessed using sensitivity, specificity and area under the curve (AUC). Results Of 2758 completed APSQ, 720 (26.1%) screened positive. The rates of positive screens for other measures were GAD-7=7.7%, PHQ-9=11.6% (3.1% reported suicidal ideation on item 9), ASSQ-SDS=21.0%, AUDIT-C=14.5%, CAGE-AID=2.9% and EDE-QS=4.8%. Compared with the APSQ, we observed high accuracy for anxiety (GAD-7: AUC=0.92, sensitivity=90%, specificity=83%) and depression (PHQ-9: AUC=0.91, sensitivity=82%, specificity=84%). There was moderate accuracy for disordered eating (EDE-QS: AUC=0.85, sensitivity=82%, specificity=81%), while accuracy was lower for sleep disturbance (ASSQ-SDS: AUC=0.72, sensitivity=52%, specificity=84%), substance use (CAGE-AID: AUC=0.69, sensitivity=61%, specificity=79%) and alcohol use (AUDIT-C: AUC=0.64, sensitivity=46%, specificity=81%). False-negative rates ranged from 9.9% (GAD-7) to 55% (AUDIT-C). Conclusion The APSQ accurately identifies athletes at risk for anxiety and depression but is less accurate for detecting other mental health issues. Adding more specific questions on sleep disturbance and alcohol use to the APSQ could further improve its accuracy. No data are available.
{"title":"Accuracy of the Athlete Psychological Strain Questionnaire (APSQ) compared to common screening tools for mental health disorders","authors":"Bridget M Whelan, Camilla Astley, Lauren Paladino, Katherine F Wainwright, Daniel J Taylor, Alisa Huskey, Kelly N Kim, Kimberly G Harmon","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-110185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2025-110185","url":null,"abstract":"Objective The Athlete Psychological Strain Questionnaire (APSQ) is a 10-item mental health screen in the International Olympic Committee Sport Mental Health Assessment Tool 1. This study evaluated its accuracy compared to six validated mental health screening tools in collegiate athletes. Methods Division I collegiate athletes (n=2758) completed the APSQ alongside validated screening tools for anxiety (Generalised Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7)), depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9)), sleep disturbance (Athlete Sleep Screening Questionnaire-Sleep Difficulty Score (ASSQ-SDS)), alcohol use (Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Consumption (AUDIT-C)), substance use (Cutting down, Annoyance by Criticism, Guilty feelings and Eye openers Adapted to Include Drugs (CAGE-AID) and disordered eating (Eating Disorder Examination—Questionnaire Short (EDE-QS)) between June 2020 and June 2023. The APSQ’s performance was assessed using sensitivity, specificity and area under the curve (AUC). Results Of 2758 completed APSQ, 720 (26.1%) screened positive. The rates of positive screens for other measures were GAD-7=7.7%, PHQ-9=11.6% (3.1% reported suicidal ideation on item 9), ASSQ-SDS=21.0%, AUDIT-C=14.5%, CAGE-AID=2.9% and EDE-QS=4.8%. Compared with the APSQ, we observed high accuracy for anxiety (GAD-7: AUC=0.92, sensitivity=90%, specificity=83%) and depression (PHQ-9: AUC=0.91, sensitivity=82%, specificity=84%). There was moderate accuracy for disordered eating (EDE-QS: AUC=0.85, sensitivity=82%, specificity=81%), while accuracy was lower for sleep disturbance (ASSQ-SDS: AUC=0.72, sensitivity=52%, specificity=84%), substance use (CAGE-AID: AUC=0.69, sensitivity=61%, specificity=79%) and alcohol use (AUDIT-C: AUC=0.64, sensitivity=46%, specificity=81%). False-negative rates ranged from 9.9% (GAD-7) to 55% (AUDIT-C). Conclusion The APSQ accurately identifies athletes at risk for anxiety and depression but is less accurate for detecting other mental health issues. Adding more specific questions on sleep disturbance and alcohol use to the APSQ could further improve its accuracy. No data are available.","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145525134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective Risk management in sports aims to minimise injury and illness risks while optimising athlete performance through systematic identification, assessment and mitigation strategies. Existing frameworks offer theoretical guidance, but practical tools for consistent implementation are not available. Our objective was to develop, identify and evaluate the implementation feasibility of a practical tool for identifying, prioritising and mitigating injury and illness risk in male professional football clubs in Qatar. Methods All 18 professional clubs in Qatar participated in a league workshop introducing the risk management plan (RMP) tool before the 2022–2023 season. Teams then engaged in structured risk assessment workshops involving medical and technical staff, identifying risks categorised as team, player or season related. Risk priority was determined using a standardised scoring system, and tasks were allocated among the responsible parties to reduce risk. Results All 18 clubs implemented the newly introduced RMP tool. A total of 809 risks were identified across all teams (45 risks per team), with player-related risks accounting for the majority (72%). Teams prioritised 265 (33%) of the identified risks for mitigation, with individualised training programmes, communication strategies and load management being the most frequently planned interventions. Task implementation involved a collaborative approach to risk mitigation, including 58 individuals (4.2±2.1 per team) across medical and technical roles. Conclusion The Aspetar RMP tool was adopted by all Qatar’s clubs, facilitating a structured approach to injury and illness risk identification and management. Identifying risk profiles and planning mitigation tasks reflected a mix of player-specific and team-level actions, and a collaborative approach involving both medical and technical staff. Data are available on reasonable request.
{"title":"Applying the principles of risk management in male professional football: a feasibility study, introducing the Aspetar sports injury and illness risk management tool","authors":"Bahar Hassanmirzaei, Montassar Tabben, Yorck Olaf Schumacher, Hafid Mammeri, Mokhtar Chaabane, Raouf Nader Rekik, Rui Drumond, Souhail Chebbi, Roald Bahr","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-110063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2025-110063","url":null,"abstract":"Objective Risk management in sports aims to minimise injury and illness risks while optimising athlete performance through systematic identification, assessment and mitigation strategies. Existing frameworks offer theoretical guidance, but practical tools for consistent implementation are not available. Our objective was to develop, identify and evaluate the implementation feasibility of a practical tool for identifying, prioritising and mitigating injury and illness risk in male professional football clubs in Qatar. Methods All 18 professional clubs in Qatar participated in a league workshop introducing the risk management plan (RMP) tool before the 2022–2023 season. Teams then engaged in structured risk assessment workshops involving medical and technical staff, identifying risks categorised as team, player or season related. Risk priority was determined using a standardised scoring system, and tasks were allocated among the responsible parties to reduce risk. Results All 18 clubs implemented the newly introduced RMP tool. A total of 809 risks were identified across all teams (45 risks per team), with player-related risks accounting for the majority (72%). Teams prioritised 265 (33%) of the identified risks for mitigation, with individualised training programmes, communication strategies and load management being the most frequently planned interventions. Task implementation involved a collaborative approach to risk mitigation, including 58 individuals (4.2±2.1 per team) across medical and technical roles. Conclusion The Aspetar RMP tool was adopted by all Qatar’s clubs, facilitating a structured approach to injury and illness risk identification and management. Identifying risk profiles and planning mitigation tasks reflected a mix of player-specific and team-level actions, and a collaborative approach involving both medical and technical staff. Data are available on reasonable request.","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"107 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145499494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-11DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2025-111020
Patrick C Wheeler,Katherine Rose Marino,Robin Chatterjee,Lucy Miriam Wright,Dane Vishnubala,Natasha Jones
{"title":"From BASEM to CSEM: from membership association to multiprofessional medical College.","authors":"Patrick C Wheeler,Katherine Rose Marino,Robin Chatterjee,Lucy Miriam Wright,Dane Vishnubala,Natasha Jones","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-111020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2025-111020","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145491715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-11DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2025-111063
Brooke E Patterson,Nana Akua Achiaa Adom-Aboagye,Naama Constantini,Carole Akinyi Okoth,Yuka Tsukahara,Dina Christina Christa Janse van Rensburg,Oluwatoyosi B A Owoeye,Libby J Gracias,Melissa J Haberfield,Jackie L Whittaker,H Paul Dijkstra,Tara-Leigh McHugh,Carolyn A Emery,Kay M Crossley
{"title":"Advancing global equity, diversity and inclusion in sport and exercise medicine consensus and research: deliberate, thoughtful steps from the FAIR consensus.","authors":"Brooke E Patterson,Nana Akua Achiaa Adom-Aboagye,Naama Constantini,Carole Akinyi Okoth,Yuka Tsukahara,Dina Christina Christa Janse van Rensburg,Oluwatoyosi B A Owoeye,Libby J Gracias,Melissa J Haberfield,Jackie L Whittaker,H Paul Dijkstra,Tara-Leigh McHugh,Carolyn A Emery,Kay M Crossley","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-111063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2025-111063","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145491612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-06DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2025-111067
Carly D McKay, Oluwatoyosi B A Owoeye, Brooke Patterson, Clare L Ardern, Merete Møller, Kay M Crossley, Carolyn A Emery
The Female, Woman and/or Girl Athlete Injury pRevention (FAIR) Consensus scoping review identified 220 papers that included outcomes relating to dissemination and implementation (D&I) of injury prevention strategies for female/woman/girl athletes.1 While a helpful consolidation of existing evidence with clear recommendations for action, there remains a challenge: recommendations are not recipe cards. They state an outcome, but do not always provide the instructions to make it happen. To see such recommendations realised, we need to establish steps that can be applied to effect change. The full list of FAIR D&I recommendations highlights injury prevention strategies that are adaptable, engaging and supported by education and/or policies.2 Involving all sport partners in cocreating, tailoring and developing confidence to deliver is also encouraged. Listing these recommendations is easy. Doing them is not. How do we tailor interventions or develop confidence? Recommendations are only useful if they are actionable, so where do we start? D&I data specific to female/woman/girl athletes is limited,1 so we may need to rely on what works in other settings. Without clear evidence, inaction is often the default—we want to avoid mistakes, so we do nothing. However, D&I is an inherently creative process, and there is space for innovation in developing solutions. There is an opportunity to embrace flexibility and learn as we go, building an evidence base as we experiment with approaches that meet the needs of our unique communities. There are established D&I principles to lean on, grounded in various theories. With so many options, deciding which one(s) to use and how to apply them is challenging, often becoming overwhelming and creating additional …
{"title":"Implementing recommendations from the FAIR consensus: where do we start?","authors":"Carly D McKay, Oluwatoyosi B A Owoeye, Brooke Patterson, Clare L Ardern, Merete Møller, Kay M Crossley, Carolyn A Emery","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-111067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2025-111067","url":null,"abstract":"The Female, Woman and/or Girl Athlete Injury pRevention (FAIR) Consensus scoping review identified 220 papers that included outcomes relating to dissemination and implementation (D&I) of injury prevention strategies for female/woman/girl athletes.1 While a helpful consolidation of existing evidence with clear recommendations for action, there remains a challenge: recommendations are not recipe cards. They state an outcome, but do not always provide the instructions to make it happen. To see such recommendations realised, we need to establish steps that can be applied to effect change. The full list of FAIR D&I recommendations highlights injury prevention strategies that are adaptable, engaging and supported by education and/or policies.2 Involving all sport partners in cocreating, tailoring and developing confidence to deliver is also encouraged. Listing these recommendations is easy. Doing them is not. How do we tailor interventions or develop confidence? Recommendations are only useful if they are actionable, so where do we start? D&I data specific to female/woman/girl athletes is limited,1 so we may need to rely on what works in other settings. Without clear evidence, inaction is often the default—we want to avoid mistakes, so we do nothing. However, D&I is an inherently creative process, and there is space for innovation in developing solutions. There is an opportunity to embrace flexibility and learn as we go, building an evidence base as we experiment with approaches that meet the needs of our unique communities. There are established D&I principles to lean on, grounded in various theories. With so many options, deciding which one(s) to use and how to apply them is challenging, often becoming overwhelming and creating additional …","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"96 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145455466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-05DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2025-111037
Alyssa C Grimes, Nancy Harrington (Quinn), Cheri Blauwet, Osman Hassan Ahmed, Erica H Gavel-Pinos, Katelyn M Mitchell, Kristine Dalton, Kristina Fagher, Larissa S P Pinheiro, Mélanie Labelle, Kay M Crossley, Carolyn A Emery
Para sport (ie, sport adapted for persons with a physical, sensory and/or intellectual disability) has seen remarkable growth in participation, popularity and social awareness in recent decades. One notable factor in this expansion is the considerable rise in female/women/girl (FWG) para athletes. At the most recent Summer Paralympics (Paris 2024), women accounted for 45% of all para athletes—the highest level of FWG representation in Paralympic history.1 Despite growing participation, FWG para athletes remain dismally under-represented in sport injury prevention and sport medicine research. Recently, the FWG Athlete Injury pRevention (FAIR) consensus developed recommendations to support injury prevention for FWG athletes.2 However, evidence was insufficient to inform para athlete-specific recommendations. Consequently, recommendations extended to FWG para athletes were extrapolated from evidence across other athlete groups.2 The application of non-para sport evidence to inform para sport recommendations is concerning given the absence of para sport-specific data and the systemic inequities that have historically shaped FWG participation in para sport.3 4 In the absence of data, injury prevention strategies will not address the unique needs of FWG para athletes, leaving para athletes at a high risk of preventable harm. This editorial calls for targeted research, with meaningful collaboration with para athletes and their support network (eg, coaches, clinicians, performance staff and sport federations) to ensure injury prevention strategies accurately reflect the realities of FWG para athletes across diverse levels of participation. Sport medicine and injury prevention …
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