Pub Date : 2025-12-12DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2025-110406
Kentaro Yamagata,Richard Weiler,Raghav T Bhatia,Jamie S McPhee,Charlotte M Cowie,Sanjay Sharma,Aneil Malhotra
OBJECTIVESStudies to date have under-represented cardiac characteristics of para athletes, despite their unique cardiovascular physiology and risks. This study examined the cardiac electrical and structural characteristics and outcomes of pre-participation cardiac screening in elite para-football players.METHODSBetween 2011 and 2024, 156 consecutive para-football players underwent pre-participation evaluation comprising a health questionnaire, 12-lead ECG and echocardiogram. Players with symptoms or abnormal preliminary investigations were evaluated further, including exercise testing and cardiac MRI. Findings were compared with 1000 consecutive sex-matched and ethnicity-matched non-para-football players. Mean follow-up was 4.7±3.1 years.RESULTSThe mean age of para-football players was 21.2±5.2 years. The majority were male (71.2%) and white ethnicity (84%), followed by mixed-race (7.1%), Asian (4.5%) and Afro-Caribbean (3.8%) ethnicity. Para-football players reported cardiac symptoms more frequently and required more follow-up than non-para players (14.7% vs 6.6%; p=0.001). Para players demonstrated less sinus bradycardia (35.3% vs 44.5%; p=0.037) and a similar prevalence of abnormal T-wave inversion (1.9% vs 3.0%; p=0.622). A short PR interval was observed in 4.5% of para players compared with 0.5% of non-para players (p<0.001), although QTc intervals were similar between the two groups (402±24 ms vs 399±19 ms; p=0.138). Four (2.6%) para-football players received diagnoses associated with sudden cardiac death (SCD) versus three (0.3%) non-para players (p=0.005). Six (3.8%) para-football players were diagnosed with minor cardiovascular conditions versus 1.8% non-para players (p=0.17). In total, 10 (6.4%) para-football players were diagnosed with cardiac pathology versus 21 (2.1%) non-para-football players (p=0.005), all of whom required management or were kept under surveillance. No SCD events occurred over 4.7±3.1 years of follow-up in para-football players.CONCLUSIONIn this study, para-football players were three times more likely to be diagnosed with a cardiac condition requiring management and/or surveillance compared with non-para players. Moreover, para-football players had a higher prevalence of serious cardiac disease associated with SCD. Cardiac screening inclusive of ECG is warranted in this growing cohort of athletes.
目的：尽管残疾人运动员具有独特的心血管生理和风险，但迄今为止的研究对其心脏特征的代表性不足。本研究考察了精英足球运动员参加前心脏筛查的心脏电和结构特征和结果。方法2011年至2024年间，156名残疾人足球运动员接受了赛前评估，包括健康问卷、12导联心电图和超声心动图。有症状或初步调查异常的球员将接受进一步评估，包括运动测试和心脏MRI。研究人员对1000名性别匹配和种族匹配的非准足球运动员的研究结果进行了比较。平均随访4.7±3.1年。结果残疾人足球运动员平均年龄为21.2±5.2岁。大多数是男性（71.2%）和白人（84%），其次是混合种族（7.1%），亚洲（4.5%）和非洲-加勒比（3.8%）种族。残疾人足球运动员比非残疾人足球运动员报告心脏症状的频率更高，需要更多的随访（14.7% vs 6.6%; p=0.001）。Para运动员表现出较少的窦性心动过缓（35.3% vs 44.5%, p=0.037）和相似的异常t波倒置患病率（1.9% vs 3.0%, p=0.622）。尽管QTc间隔在两组之间相似（402±24 ms vs 399±19 ms, p=0.138），但有4.5%的残疾人运动员与0.5%的非残疾人运动员的PR间隔较短（p<0.001）。4名残疾人足球运动员（2.6%）被诊断为心脏性猝死（SCD），而3名非残疾人足球运动员（0.3%）被诊断为心脏性猝死（SCD） （p=0.005）。6名残疾人足球运动员（3.8%）被诊断患有轻微心血管疾病，而非残疾人足球运动员为1.8% （p=0.17）。总共有10名（6.4%）准足球运动员被诊断为心脏病变，而21名（2.1%）非准足球运动员被诊断为心脏病变（p=0.005），他们都需要管理或保持监测。在4.7±3.1年的随访中，准足球运动员没有发生SCD事件。结论：在这项研究中，与非残疾人运动员相比，残疾人足球运动员被诊断为需要管理和/或监测的心脏疾病的可能性高出三倍。此外，准足球运动员与SCD相关的严重心脏病的患病率更高。在这一不断增长的运动员群体中，包括ECG在内的心脏筛查是必要的。
{"title":"Outcomes of cardiac screening in elite para-football players in the United Kingdom.","authors":"Kentaro Yamagata,Richard Weiler,Raghav T Bhatia,Jamie S McPhee,Charlotte M Cowie,Sanjay Sharma,Aneil Malhotra","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-110406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2025-110406","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVESStudies to date have under-represented cardiac characteristics of para athletes, despite their unique cardiovascular physiology and risks. This study examined the cardiac electrical and structural characteristics and outcomes of pre-participation cardiac screening in elite para-football players.METHODSBetween 2011 and 2024, 156 consecutive para-football players underwent pre-participation evaluation comprising a health questionnaire, 12-lead ECG and echocardiogram. Players with symptoms or abnormal preliminary investigations were evaluated further, including exercise testing and cardiac MRI. Findings were compared with 1000 consecutive sex-matched and ethnicity-matched non-para-football players. Mean follow-up was 4.7±3.1 years.RESULTSThe mean age of para-football players was 21.2±5.2 years. The majority were male (71.2%) and white ethnicity (84%), followed by mixed-race (7.1%), Asian (4.5%) and Afro-Caribbean (3.8%) ethnicity. Para-football players reported cardiac symptoms more frequently and required more follow-up than non-para players (14.7% vs 6.6%; p=0.001). Para players demonstrated less sinus bradycardia (35.3% vs 44.5%; p=0.037) and a similar prevalence of abnormal T-wave inversion (1.9% vs 3.0%; p=0.622). A short PR interval was observed in 4.5% of para players compared with 0.5% of non-para players (p<0.001), although QTc intervals were similar between the two groups (402±24 ms vs 399±19 ms; p=0.138). Four (2.6%) para-football players received diagnoses associated with sudden cardiac death (SCD) versus three (0.3%) non-para players (p=0.005). Six (3.8%) para-football players were diagnosed with minor cardiovascular conditions versus 1.8% non-para players (p=0.17). In total, 10 (6.4%) para-football players were diagnosed with cardiac pathology versus 21 (2.1%) non-para-football players (p=0.005), all of whom required management or were kept under surveillance. No SCD events occurred over 4.7±3.1 years of follow-up in para-football players.CONCLUSIONIn this study, para-football players were three times more likely to be diagnosed with a cardiac condition requiring management and/or surveillance compared with non-para players. Moreover, para-football players had a higher prevalence of serious cardiac disease associated with SCD. Cardiac screening inclusive of ECG is warranted in this growing cohort of athletes.","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145732708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-11DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2025-110387
Richard Weiler,Kristina Fagher,Alice Berntsson,Osman Hassan Ahmed
{"title":"Different games, different rules: what is the best way to manage heading in para football?","authors":"Richard Weiler,Kristina Fagher,Alice Berntsson,Osman Hassan Ahmed","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-110387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2025-110387","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145728422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-04DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2025-110865
Patrick Vallance
{"title":"Neural deficits relevant to pain symptoms and functional impairments in individuals with Achilles or patellar tendinopathy (PhD Academy Award).","authors":"Patrick Vallance","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-110865","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2025-110865","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"246 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145673903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-04DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2025-110720
Maurice Douryang,Yossa Nzeuwa Irma Belinda,Lervasen Pillay
{"title":"Physical activity implementation for cancer care and prevention in Sub-Saharan Africa: a call to action.","authors":"Maurice Douryang,Yossa Nzeuwa Irma Belinda,Lervasen Pillay","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-110720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2025-110720","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"115 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145673956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-03DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2025-111042
Dominic Charles Townsend,Tony Scholes,Mark Gillett
{"title":"Concussion in football: the case for temporary concussion substitutions.","authors":"Dominic Charles Townsend,Tony Scholes,Mark Gillett","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-111042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2025-111042","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145664328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-03DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2024-109586
Suzi Edwards,Meaghan Harris,Sean Docking,Jill L Cook,Ebonie Kendra Rio
{"title":"Adolescence is a critical time for patellar tendon development: it is time to rethink our current approach to patellar tendinopathy.","authors":"Suzi Edwards,Meaghan Harris,Sean Docking,Jill L Cook,Ebonie Kendra Rio","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2024-109586","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2024-109586","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145664026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-02DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2025-111060
Kay M Crossley,Jenna Schulz,Brooke Patterson,Garrett S Bullock,Emily E Heming,Andrew George Ross,Isla J Shill,Kathryn J Schneider,H Paul Dijkstra,Jackie L Whittaker,Carolyn Emery
{"title":"The road to consensus: lessons learned from FAIR and recommendations for future consensus activities.","authors":"Kay M Crossley,Jenna Schulz,Brooke Patterson,Garrett S Bullock,Emily E Heming,Andrew George Ross,Isla J Shill,Kathryn J Schneider,H Paul Dijkstra,Jackie L Whittaker,Carolyn Emery","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-111060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2025-111060","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145657052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-02DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2025-110889
Kay M Crossley,Jackie L Whittaker,Brooke Patterson,Isla J Shill,Emily E Heming,Garrett S Bullock,Hendrik Paul Dijkstra,Alex Donaldson,Carly D McKay,Margo Mountjoy,Merete Møller,Oluwatoyosi B A Owoeye,Anu M Räisänen,Jenna M Schulz,Cheri Blauwet,Tara-Leigh McHugh,Andrea Britt Mosler,Grethe Myklebust,Debbie Palmer,Andrew Ross,Kathryn J Schneider,Jane Thornton,Araba Chintoh,Evert Verhagen,Carolyn Emery
Female, woman and/or girl athletes' sport participation rates are rising and associated with high injury rates and burden. Using best-practice consensus methodology, we developed recommendations to guide injury prevention for female/woman/girl athletes. The Female/woman/girl Athlete Injury pRevention (FAIR) International Olympic Committee Consensus meeting was held from 31 March to 2 April 2025 (Lausanne, Switzerland).The FAIR Consensus followed an eight-step hybrid method. 109 authors from six continents conducted: (1) systematic reviews synthesising evidence on injury prevention strategies and modifiable risk factors for lower-extremity and upper-extremity injuries, concussions and spine/chest/abdominal/pelvic injuries/pain, (2) a scoping review synthesising dissemination and implementation (D&I) approaches; and (3) a concept mapping project generating knowledge on gender/sex-related factors for injury prevention. These projects underpinned draft recommendations subsequently voted on by a steering committee (n=24) and an external advisory committee chair over two anonymous survey rounds. Recommendations, Round 1 voting results and suggestions/dissenting comments were discussed between Round 1 and 2 voting. Consensus was defined as 'critical to include' (≥70% scored recommendation as 7-9 (9-point Likert scale, 1=not important; 9=critically important) AND ≤15% scored recommendation as 1-3).The 56 FAIR recommendations address: primary injury prevention (n=16) (policy/rules/laws=6; personal protective equipment=8; training=2); secondary injury prevention (n=4); modifiable risk factors (n=12); approaches to D&I (n=14); and promoting gender/sex-supportive environments (n=10).The FAIR Consensus informs evidence-based best practices and policy for injury prevention, approaches to implementation and creation of supportive environments for female/woman/girl athletes. Every person at all levels of sport can, and should, take responsibility for actions that positively influence female/woman/girl athlete health and safety.
{"title":"Female, woman and/or girl Athlete Injury pRevention (FAIR) practical recommendations: International Olympic Committee (IOC) consensus meeting held in Lausanne, Switzerland, 2025.","authors":"Kay M Crossley,Jackie L Whittaker,Brooke Patterson,Isla J Shill,Emily E Heming,Garrett S Bullock,Hendrik Paul Dijkstra,Alex Donaldson,Carly D McKay,Margo Mountjoy,Merete Møller,Oluwatoyosi B A Owoeye,Anu M Räisänen,Jenna M Schulz,Cheri Blauwet,Tara-Leigh McHugh,Andrea Britt Mosler,Grethe Myklebust,Debbie Palmer,Andrew Ross,Kathryn J Schneider,Jane Thornton,Araba Chintoh,Evert Verhagen,Carolyn Emery","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-110889","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2025-110889","url":null,"abstract":"Female, woman and/or girl athletes' sport participation rates are rising and associated with high injury rates and burden. Using best-practice consensus methodology, we developed recommendations to guide injury prevention for female/woman/girl athletes. The Female/woman/girl Athlete Injury pRevention (FAIR) International Olympic Committee Consensus meeting was held from 31 March to 2 April 2025 (Lausanne, Switzerland).The FAIR Consensus followed an eight-step hybrid method. 109 authors from six continents conducted: (1) systematic reviews synthesising evidence on injury prevention strategies and modifiable risk factors for lower-extremity and upper-extremity injuries, concussions and spine/chest/abdominal/pelvic injuries/pain, (2) a scoping review synthesising dissemination and implementation (D&I) approaches; and (3) a concept mapping project generating knowledge on gender/sex-related factors for injury prevention. These projects underpinned draft recommendations subsequently voted on by a steering committee (n=24) and an external advisory committee chair over two anonymous survey rounds. Recommendations, Round 1 voting results and suggestions/dissenting comments were discussed between Round 1 and 2 voting. Consensus was defined as 'critical to include' (≥70% scored recommendation as 7-9 (9-point Likert scale, 1=not important; 9=critically important) AND ≤15% scored recommendation as 1-3).The 56 FAIR recommendations address: primary injury prevention (n=16) (policy/rules/laws=6; personal protective equipment=8; training=2); secondary injury prevention (n=4); modifiable risk factors (n=12); approaches to D&I (n=14); and promoting gender/sex-supportive environments (n=10).The FAIR Consensus informs evidence-based best practices and policy for injury prevention, approaches to implementation and creation of supportive environments for female/woman/girl athletes. Every person at all levels of sport can, and should, take responsibility for actions that positively influence female/woman/girl athlete health and safety.","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145657053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-01DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2025-111266
Jun Woo Kwon
{"title":"My stair-like journey back to movement.","authors":"Jun Woo Kwon","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-111266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2025-111266","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145653875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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