Pub Date : 2025-12-29DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2025-111249
Scott Mclean, Paul M Salmon, Mitch Naughton, Tom Page, Barry Drust, Michael Brownlow
{"title":"Football clubs and their 'hive mind': distributed situation awareness (DSA) and its role in injury management.","authors":"Scott Mclean, Paul M Salmon, Mitch Naughton, Tom Page, Barry Drust, Michael Brownlow","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-111249","DOIUrl":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-111249","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"59 23","pages":"1641-1642"},"PeriodicalIF":16.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12772569/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145854477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-23DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2025-110804
Michael Brownlow,Dominic Charles Townsend,Ian Varley,Bradley Sprouse,Mike Hughes,Arron Ackerman,David Taylor,Gill Myburgh,Paddy Riley,Sameer Patel,Antonio Belli,Matthew Green
OBJECTIVETo describe the frequency, rates and contextual features of heading in matches across the English men's elite football pathway.METHODSThis prospective observational cohort study coded purposeful heading events in English Premier League First Team (senior), Category 1 and Category 2 Academy matches played between April 2021 and June 2024. Using video analysis and predefined heading and match descriptors, the study focused on heading frequency, rates, preceding events and unintended head impacts occurring during heading events.RESULTSA total of 687 matches were included in the analysis, yielding 26 510 purposeful heading events across 49 703 match minutes. Heading rates/min increased by 13% per age group, from U9s to senior levels, rising from 0.167 to 0.875 headers/min. Central defenders exhibited the highest heading frequency, accounting for 34.2%-36.3% of all heading events. The most common preceding event leading to a header was a long pass. Unintended head impacts during heading events were infrequent (31 occasions, <1% of all purposeful heading events), with the highest incidence (1 per 971 match minutes) observed in senior players and the lowest incidence (1 per 1852 match minutes) observed in foundation (under 9s to under 11s) players. Six players were removed from play following medical assessment.CONCLUSIONSThis is the first published study to report heading rates across an entire elite, men's football pathway. The findings support data-informed decisions regarding heading exposure in elite male footballers and provide valuable insights for those preparing players for the demands of the elite game at different age levels. Unintended head impacts during heading events occurred more frequently in senior players. Further research is needed to understand the variability in heading exposure throughout an individual player's development pathway and any potential clinical ramifications.
{"title":"Heading in football matches: descriptive analysis of heading events from 687 matches across age groups in English Academy and First Team men's professional football.","authors":"Michael Brownlow,Dominic Charles Townsend,Ian Varley,Bradley Sprouse,Mike Hughes,Arron Ackerman,David Taylor,Gill Myburgh,Paddy Riley,Sameer Patel,Antonio Belli,Matthew Green","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-110804","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2025-110804","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVETo describe the frequency, rates and contextual features of heading in matches across the English men's elite football pathway.METHODSThis prospective observational cohort study coded purposeful heading events in English Premier League First Team (senior), Category 1 and Category 2 Academy matches played between April 2021 and June 2024. Using video analysis and predefined heading and match descriptors, the study focused on heading frequency, rates, preceding events and unintended head impacts occurring during heading events.RESULTSA total of 687 matches were included in the analysis, yielding 26 510 purposeful heading events across 49 703 match minutes. Heading rates/min increased by 13% per age group, from U9s to senior levels, rising from 0.167 to 0.875 headers/min. Central defenders exhibited the highest heading frequency, accounting for 34.2%-36.3% of all heading events. The most common preceding event leading to a header was a long pass. Unintended head impacts during heading events were infrequent (31 occasions, <1% of all purposeful heading events), with the highest incidence (1 per 971 match minutes) observed in senior players and the lowest incidence (1 per 1852 match minutes) observed in foundation (under 9s to under 11s) players. Six players were removed from play following medical assessment.CONCLUSIONSThis is the first published study to report heading rates across an entire elite, men's football pathway. The findings support data-informed decisions regarding heading exposure in elite male footballers and provide valuable insights for those preparing players for the demands of the elite game at different age levels. Unintended head impacts during heading events occurred more frequently in senior players. Further research is needed to understand the variability in heading exposure throughout an individual player's development pathway and any potential clinical ramifications.","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145823855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-19DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2025-111281
Khaled Abdelmagid
{"title":"Walking through back pain: a GP's perspective from the patient side.","authors":"Khaled Abdelmagid","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-111281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2025-111281","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"179 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145786080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-19DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2025-110430
Tom Allen,Matt Taberner,Mikhail Zhilkin,Matthew Green
OBJECTIVESTo describe the running load demands and fixture congestion of English Premier League (EPL) teams from seasons 2015/2016 to 2024/2025.METHODSA total of 3750 games across ten seasons were analysed for team total distance (TD), high-intensity distance (HID; >5.5 m/s), high-speed running distance (HSR; 5.5-7 m/s) and sprint distance (SprD; >7 m/s). Matches were tracked using semi-automated systems; TRACAB (2015/2016-2018/2019) and Second Spectrum (2S; 2019/2020-2024/2025). Match minutes (Wyscout) were used to calculate total and congested minutes per season.RESULTSSignificant small to large increases (all p<0.001) were observed in team TD (effect size (ES): 0.56), HID (ES: 1.79), HSR (ES: 1.67) and SprD (ES: 1.61), along with moderate increases in per-minute metrics for HID/min (ES: 1.55), HSR/min (ES: 1.41) and SprD/min (ES: 1.46) between 2015/2016 and 2024/2025. TD/min (ES: -0.27) showed a small decrease. Trivial to moderate differences were found in season-to-season comparisons for TD (p<0.05; ES: -0.65 to 0.81), HID (p<0.05; ES: 0.16 to 0.47), HSR (p<0.05; ES: -0.17 to 0.55) and SprD (p<0.05; ES: 0.19 to 0.26). Rolling 3-season total (+1600 min) and congested (+1415) match minutes increased for all players between 2015/2016 and 2024/2025. A higher increase was seen for the top six team players' total (+5659) and congested (+2003) minutes.CONCLUSIONRunning load demands (TD, HID, HSR, SprD, HID/min, HSR/min and SprD/min), total match minutes and congested minutes have increased over the last decade. The top six teams are exposed to more total and congested minutes than other teams. Continuous monitoring of player responses to these increased demands is essential to better understand the potential impact on player health, especially those with more exposure.
{"title":"Evolving running load demands and fixture congestion in the English Premier League: a decade of insights from 2015/2016 to 2024/2025.","authors":"Tom Allen,Matt Taberner,Mikhail Zhilkin,Matthew Green","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-110430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2025-110430","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVESTo describe the running load demands and fixture congestion of English Premier League (EPL) teams from seasons 2015/2016 to 2024/2025.METHODSA total of 3750 games across ten seasons were analysed for team total distance (TD), high-intensity distance (HID; >5.5 m/s), high-speed running distance (HSR; 5.5-7 m/s) and sprint distance (SprD; >7 m/s). Matches were tracked using semi-automated systems; TRACAB (2015/2016-2018/2019) and Second Spectrum (2S; 2019/2020-2024/2025). Match minutes (Wyscout) were used to calculate total and congested minutes per season.RESULTSSignificant small to large increases (all p<0.001) were observed in team TD (effect size (ES): 0.56), HID (ES: 1.79), HSR (ES: 1.67) and SprD (ES: 1.61), along with moderate increases in per-minute metrics for HID/min (ES: 1.55), HSR/min (ES: 1.41) and SprD/min (ES: 1.46) between 2015/2016 and 2024/2025. TD/min (ES: -0.27) showed a small decrease. Trivial to moderate differences were found in season-to-season comparisons for TD (p<0.05; ES: -0.65 to 0.81), HID (p<0.05; ES: 0.16 to 0.47), HSR (p<0.05; ES: -0.17 to 0.55) and SprD (p<0.05; ES: 0.19 to 0.26). Rolling 3-season total (+1600 min) and congested (+1415) match minutes increased for all players between 2015/2016 and 2024/2025. A higher increase was seen for the top six team players' total (+5659) and congested (+2003) minutes.CONCLUSIONRunning load demands (TD, HID, HSR, SprD, HID/min, HSR/min and SprD/min), total match minutes and congested minutes have increased over the last decade. The top six teams are exposed to more total and congested minutes than other teams. Continuous monitoring of player responses to these increased demands is essential to better understand the potential impact on player health, especially those with more exposure.","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145786081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-18DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2025-110042
Madeleine Pape,Anna Posbergh,Sheree Bekker,Michele Donnelly,Ke Hu,Luci Olewinski,Roger Pielke,Yannis P Pitsiladis,Tiffany Thomas,Eric Vilain,Alun G Williams
{"title":"Integrity is needed in the regulation of transgender athletes and athletes with sex variations.","authors":"Madeleine Pape,Anna Posbergh,Sheree Bekker,Michele Donnelly,Ke Hu,Luci Olewinski,Roger Pielke,Yannis P Pitsiladis,Tiffany Thomas,Eric Vilain,Alun G Williams","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-110042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2025-110042","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145777355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-18DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2025-111248
Cherrie Daley,Helen Pickford
{"title":"Shared space of mental health and well-being: interdisciplinary collaboration to enhance player care and performance.","authors":"Cherrie Daley,Helen Pickford","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-111248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2025-111248","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"248 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145777356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-18DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2025-111313
James Milner,Steph Houghton
{"title":"Player reflections on change: 20 years of evolving demands and support in elite football.","authors":"James Milner,Steph Houghton","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-111313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2025-111313","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145777354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-15DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2025-110606
Mitchell Selhorst,Emily Sweeney,Lisa C Martin,Jingzhen Yang,Jason Benedict,Madison Brna, ,Anastasia N Fischer
OBJECTIVESTo compare the effects of initiating physical therapy (PT) immediately versus resting before starting PT on pain and dysfunction over 12 months in adolescent athletes (10-19 years) with active lumbar spondylolysis.METHODSThis prospective multicentre trial randomised participants to immediate PT or rest before PT. The immediate PT group began PT within 7 days and progressed based on pain and function. The rest before PT group started PT once symptoms resolved and progressed based on time. The primary outcome was pain and disability (Micheli Functional Scale) between groups over time, measured at baseline, 1 (primary end point), 3 and 12 months. Time to return to sport and the recurrence rate of low back pain (LBP) were also assessed. Outcomes were analysed using an intention-to-treat approach.RESULTSSixty-four participants (median age 14.2 years; 40% female) were randomised to immediate PT (n=30) and rest before PT (n=34). At 1 month, the immediate PT group showed significant improvements in pain and disability (mean difference on Micheli Functional Scale of 21.3, 95% CI 28.7 to 13.9; p<0.001). They also returned to sport 38 days sooner (p<0.001), with fewer recurrences of LBP over 12 months (3% vs 29%; p=0.01). There were no adverse events.CONCLUSIONSClinicians may consider prescribing PT immediately after diagnosing active lumbar spondylolysis instead of rest. Immediate PT showed greater initial improvements in pain and dysfunction, a quicker return to sport and a lower recurrence of LBP compared with rest before PT among adolescent athletes with spondylolysis.TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBERNCT05505981.
目的比较立即开始物理治疗（PT）与开始前休息对患有活动性腰椎裂症的青少年运动员（10-19岁）12个月疼痛和功能障碍的影响。该前瞻性多中心试验将参与者随机分为立即PT组或在PT前休息组。立即PT组在7天内开始PT，并根据疼痛和功能进展。一旦症状消退并根据时间进展，在PT组开始PT前的休息。主要结局是各组间疼痛和残疾（Micheli功能量表）随时间变化，分别在基线、1个月（主要终点）、3个月和12个月进行测量。恢复运动的时间和腰痛（LBP）的复发率也被评估。使用意向治疗方法分析结果。结果64名参与者（中位年龄14.2岁，40%为女性）随机分为立即PT组（n=30）和PT前休息组（n=34）。1个月时，立即PT组疼痛和残疾均有显著改善（Micheli功能量表的平均差异为21.3,95% CI 28.7至13.9;p<0.001）。他们恢复运动的时间也提前了38天（p<0.001），在12个月内LBP的复发率更低（3% vs 29%; p=0.01）。没有不良事件发生。结论临床医生可考虑在诊断活动性腰椎峡部裂后立即开PT而不是休息。在患有峡部裂的青少年运动员中，与术前休息相比，即刻PT在疼痛和功能障碍方面表现出更大的初步改善，更快地恢复运动，更低的下腰痛复发。试验注册号05505981。
{"title":"Immediate physical therapy is beneficial for adolescent athletes with active lumbar spondylolysis: a multicentre randomised trial.","authors":"Mitchell Selhorst,Emily Sweeney,Lisa C Martin,Jingzhen Yang,Jason Benedict,Madison Brna, ,Anastasia N Fischer","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-110606","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2025-110606","url":null,"abstract":"OBJECTIVESTo compare the effects of initiating physical therapy (PT) immediately versus resting before starting PT on pain and dysfunction over 12 months in adolescent athletes (10-19 years) with active lumbar spondylolysis.METHODSThis prospective multicentre trial randomised participants to immediate PT or rest before PT. The immediate PT group began PT within 7 days and progressed based on pain and function. The rest before PT group started PT once symptoms resolved and progressed based on time. The primary outcome was pain and disability (Micheli Functional Scale) between groups over time, measured at baseline, 1 (primary end point), 3 and 12 months. Time to return to sport and the recurrence rate of low back pain (LBP) were also assessed. Outcomes were analysed using an intention-to-treat approach.RESULTSSixty-four participants (median age 14.2 years; 40% female) were randomised to immediate PT (n=30) and rest before PT (n=34). At 1 month, the immediate PT group showed significant improvements in pain and disability (mean difference on Micheli Functional Scale of 21.3, 95% CI 28.7 to 13.9; p<0.001). They also returned to sport 38 days sooner (p<0.001), with fewer recurrences of LBP over 12 months (3% vs 29%; p=0.01). There were no adverse events.CONCLUSIONSClinicians may consider prescribing PT immediately after diagnosing active lumbar spondylolysis instead of rest. Immediate PT showed greater initial improvements in pain and dysfunction, a quicker return to sport and a lower recurrence of LBP compared with rest before PT among adolescent athletes with spondylolysis.TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBERNCT05505981.","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145765436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-12DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2025-110471
Victoria Louise Roberts,Natalie Galea,Tania King
{"title":"Coercive control of athletes: an insidious form of organisational violence in sport.","authors":"Victoria Louise Roberts,Natalie Galea,Tania King","doi":"10.1136/bjsports-2025-110471","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2025-110471","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9276,"journal":{"name":"British Journal of Sports Medicine","volume":"93 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2025-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145732707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：