S. Asghari, H. Staji, H. Mohammadi, I. Ashrafi Tamai
Chlamydophila psittaci is found in pigeons worldwide. The abundance of feral pigeons living in close contact with humans and livestock are considered a significant risk factor for human and farm animal infections. In Iran, little is known about the prevalence of C. psittaci and its genotypes in pigeons. The present cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the prevalence of C. psittaci in feral pigeons and to genotype the detected strains. In total, 384 fresh faecal samples were collected from different areas in Semnan (Iran). Out of all samples, 0.52% were positive for C. psittaci genome in Real Time-PCR. The partial ompA gene sequencing revealed that detected strains were identified as genotypes A and E. This is the first report of C. psittaci genotypes A and E in feral pigeons in Iran. The occurrence of C. psittaci genotypes A and E in the faeces of feral pigeons suggests potential environmental contamination with C. psittaci by pigeons and raise a public health concern.
{"title":"Feral pigeons as reservoirs for hazardous Chlamydophila psittaci strains with zoonotic potential","authors":"S. Asghari, H. Staji, H. Mohammadi, I. Ashrafi Tamai","doi":"10.15547/bjvm.2365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15547/bjvm.2365","url":null,"abstract":"Chlamydophila psittaci is found in pigeons worldwide. The abundance of feral pigeons living in close contact with humans and livestock are considered a significant risk factor for human and farm animal infections. In Iran, little is known about the prevalence of C. psittaci and its genotypes in pigeons. The present cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the prevalence of C. psittaci in feral pigeons and to genotype the detected strains. In total, 384 fresh faecal samples were collected from different areas in Semnan (Iran). Out of all samples, 0.52% were positive for C. psittaci genome in Real Time-PCR. The partial ompA gene sequencing revealed that detected strains were identified as genotypes A and E. This is the first report of C. psittaci genotypes A and E in feral pigeons in Iran. The occurrence of C. psittaci genotypes A and E in the faeces of feral pigeons suggests potential environmental contamination with C. psittaci by pigeons and raise a public health concern.","PeriodicalId":9279,"journal":{"name":"BULGARIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY MEDICINE","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75153769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article reviews the available literature on the characteristics and antimicrobial activity of the semi-synthetic macrolide antibiotic tulathromycin from the triamilides subclass. The product has a high activity against Gram-negative respiratory pathogens and desirable pharmacological characteristics for high and persistent tissue levels in domestic animals. Representatives of the macrolide and lincosamide group are investigated and the similarities and differences from tulathromycin are outlined. It is emphasised that at the background of increasing bacterial resistance to a number of antimicrobial agents, only few tulathromycin-resistant strains of P. multocida and M. haemolytica have been reported so far. Tulathromycin is considered highly effective against common bacterial agents of respiratory diseases in large ruminants, pigs and sheeps, and may be an alternative for control of resistant bacterial pathogens
{"title":"Tulathromycin – a semi-synthetic macrolidе antibiotic. I. Characteristics and antibacterial activity","authors":"D. Mladenov, S. Yordanov, A. Dimitrova","doi":"10.15547/bjvm.2325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15547/bjvm.2325","url":null,"abstract":"This article reviews the available literature on the characteristics and antimicrobial activity of the semi-synthetic macrolide antibiotic tulathromycin from the triamilides subclass. The product has a high activity against Gram-negative respiratory pathogens and desirable pharmacological characteristics for high and persistent tissue levels in domestic animals. Representatives of the macrolide and lincosamide group are investigated and the similarities and differences from tulathromycin are outlined. It is emphasised that at the background of increasing bacterial resistance to a number of antimicrobial agents, only few tulathromycin-resistant strains of P. multocida and M. haemolytica have been reported so far. Tulathromycin is considered highly effective against common bacterial agents of respiratory diseases in large ruminants, pigs and sheeps, and may be an alternative for control of resistant bacterial pathogens","PeriodicalId":9279,"journal":{"name":"BULGARIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY MEDICINE","volume":"136 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80061357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The eye is particularly sensitive to various pathological processes in the body. Ocular changes are often the first symptoms of serious systemic diseases. Due to hormonal and metabolic disturbances in patients with endocrinopathies and metabolic disorders, secondary ophthalmic diseases can occur. Systemic diseases often cause ocular problems in animal and human patients. Early diagnosis of ophthalmic symptoms can help to identify a primary cause, such as endocrinopathies, and start an effective treatment. In some cases, clinical signs of systemic diseases are poorly documented in veterinary ophthalmology. Cataracts, retinopathy, metabolic disorders and systemic hypertension are common problems in animals with diabetes mellitus. Patients with hyperadrenocorticism may develop complications secondary to hyperlipidaemia and hypertension. Acute blindness due to sudden retinal degeneration (SARDS) has been associated with pituitary-adrenal axis disorders. Growth hormone disorders can result in secondary ocular complications due to hypertension (corneal infiltrates, decreased tear production and neurological dysfunction). Animals with hyperthyroidism may have ophthalmic problems associated with systemic hypertension and subsequent retinal bleeding or detachment.
{"title":"Canine ophthalmic patients with endocrine and metabolic disorders - a review","authors":"M. Lapšanská, A. Balicka, A. Trbolová","doi":"10.15547/bjvm.2409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15547/bjvm.2409","url":null,"abstract":"The eye is particularly sensitive to various pathological processes in the body. Ocular changes are often the first symptoms of serious systemic diseases. Due to hormonal and metabolic disturbances in patients with endocrinopathies and metabolic disorders, secondary ophthalmic diseases can occur. Systemic diseases often cause ocular problems in animal and human patients. Early diagnosis of ophthalmic symptoms can help to identify a primary cause, such as endocrinopathies, and start an effective treatment. In some cases, clinical signs of systemic diseases are poorly documented in veterinary ophthalmology. Cataracts, retinopathy, metabolic disorders and systemic hypertension are common problems in animals with diabetes mellitus. Patients with hyperadrenocorticism may develop complications secondary to hyperlipidaemia and hypertension. Acute blindness due to sudden retinal degeneration (SARDS) has been associated with pituitary-adrenal axis disorders. Growth hormone disorders can result in secondary ocular complications due to hypertension (corneal infiltrates, decreased tear production and neurological dysfunction). Animals with hyperthyroidism may have ophthalmic problems associated with systemic hypertension and subsequent retinal bleeding or detachment.","PeriodicalId":9279,"journal":{"name":"BULGARIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY MEDICINE","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77835352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paper presents the epizootic situation of rabies in Poland during the last decade. During this period, the annual oral immunisation of free-living foxes was continued, but in recent years it has only covered selected regions. This was due to the decreasing number of virus cases found in free-living foxes, confirmed by 2019, when the virus was found in only one fox in the Lublin Province. The results indicate that despite high costs, oral fox immunisation (ORV) treatments have had the desired effect by eliminating rabies in terrestrial mammals. At the same time, an increasing tendency for virus occurrence in bats was noted during this period. These animals have now become the primary reservoir of the virus in Poland. In addition, in 2019 rabies in bats was found in voivodeships that were considered virus-free, and thus no preventive vaccination of foxes was carried out in them. This confirms the thesis that there are no geographical barriers to the spread of the virus. These elements are quite relevant and are very important in the field of epizootic threat as well as public health.
{"title":"Rabies in Poland in 2010-2019: A new virus reservoir","authors":"M. Flis","doi":"10.15547/bjvm.2363","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15547/bjvm.2363","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents the epizootic situation of rabies in Poland during the last decade. During this period, the annual oral immunisation of free-living foxes was continued, but in recent years it has only covered selected regions. This was due to the decreasing number of virus cases found in free-living foxes, confirmed by 2019, when the virus was found in only one fox in the Lublin Province. The results indicate that despite high costs, oral fox immunisation (ORV) treatments have had the desired effect by eliminating rabies in terrestrial mammals. At the same time, an increasing tendency for virus occurrence in bats was noted during this period. These animals have now become the primary reservoir of the virus in Poland. In addition, in 2019 rabies in bats was found in voivodeships that were considered virus-free, and thus no preventive vaccination of foxes was carried out in them. This confirms the thesis that there are no geographical barriers to the spread of the virus. These elements are quite relevant and are very important in the field of epizootic threat as well as public health.","PeriodicalId":9279,"journal":{"name":"BULGARIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY MEDICINE","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72726304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Safiullin, R. Safiullin, E. O. Kachanova, I. S. Ageev, G. A. Dogaeva
The aim of this study was to estimate the efficacy of an integrated fly control programme in farrowing houses on milk yield of sows and growth performance of offspring. Four insecticides: Solfak Duo, Solfak Duo + Baycidal, Quick Bayt, and Agita were tested on 160 sows and 1690 pigs. The effectiveness of these drugs against adult flies ranged from 71.22 to 98.84% and against larvae: from 98.96 to 100%. The results of the studies showed the positive effect of the integrated insecticidal programme for combating adult flies and their larvae in the mother-pig barn on the milk productivity of sows and live weight of piglets. After the combined use of Solfak Duo + Baycidal insecticides a tendency for better results was observed with higher milk production of sows (by 71.1%) and improved live weight of piglets (by 40.6%).
{"title":"Effect of an integrated fly control programme in farrowing houses in Russia on milk yield of sows and growth performance of offspring","authors":"R. Safiullin, R. Safiullin, E. O. Kachanova, I. S. Ageev, G. A. Dogaeva","doi":"10.15547/bjvm.2328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15547/bjvm.2328","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to estimate the efficacy of an integrated fly control programme in farrowing houses on milk yield of sows and growth performance of offspring. Four insecticides: Solfak Duo, Solfak Duo + Baycidal, Quick Bayt, and Agita were tested on 160 sows and 1690 pigs. The effectiveness of these drugs against adult flies ranged from 71.22 to 98.84% and against larvae: from 98.96 to 100%. The results of the studies showed the positive effect of the integrated insecticidal programme for combating adult flies and their larvae in the mother-pig barn on the milk productivity of sows and live weight of piglets. After the combined use of Solfak Duo + Baycidal insecticides a tendency for better results was observed with higher milk production of sows (by 71.1%) and improved live weight of piglets (by 40.6%).","PeriodicalId":9279,"journal":{"name":"BULGARIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY MEDICINE","volume":"48 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75949390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of the study was to compare the performance of two diagnostic approaches for the detection of antibodies against Ehrlichia canis (E. canis) and Anaplasma phagocytophilum (A. phagocytophylum). Two types of tests were used. Anti-E. canis ELISA Dog (IgG) and Anti-A. phagocytophilum ELISA Dog (IgG) are ELISA kits for the detection of relevant antibodies in laboratory conditions, and SNAP® 4Dx Plus is a pet-side ELISA-based serological screening test for simultaneous detection of antibodies against A. phagocytophilum/A. platys, E. canis/E. ewingii, B. burgdorferi and Dirofilaria immitis antigens. A total of 61 blood samples obtained from dogs with clinical signs and haematological changes suspect for granulocytic anaplasmosis or monocytic ehrlichiosis were analysed. Antibodies against E. canis were found out in 29 (47.54%) and A. phagocytophilum in 7 (11.48%) of the samples tested by laboratory ELISA. When using the SNAP test, the results were 35 (57.38%) and 11 (18.03%), respectively. Using the laboratory ELISA kit, 18 samples (29.50%) were positive for antibodies against both pathogens vs 9 (14.75%) samples tested by SNAP. The comparison of the two tests showed a greater agreement of the results in the detection of antibodies against Ehrlichia spp. (52 samples) than against Anaplasma spp. (44 samples). This difference was attributed to possible cross-reactions
本研究的目的是比较两种诊断方法检测犬埃利希体和嗜吞噬细胞无原体抗体的性能。使用了两种类型的测试。Anti-E。犬IgG和Anti-A ELISA试剂盒。phagocytophilum ELISA Dog (IgG)是在实验室条件下检测相关抗体的ELISA试剂盒，SNAP®4Dx Plus是一种基于宠物侧ELISA的血清学筛选试验，用于同时检测抗a . phagocytophilum/ a的抗体。普拉迪斯，e.c canis/E。ewingii, B. burgdorferi和Dirofilaria imimtis抗原。对61份疑似粒细胞无形体病或单核细胞埃利希体病临床症状和血液学变化的狗的血样进行了分析。实验室酶联免疫吸附试验结果显示，29例(47.54%)标本中检出犬单胞杆菌抗体，7例(11.48%)标本中检出嗜吞噬细胞单胞杆菌抗体。采用SNAP试验时，结果分别为35例(57.38%)和11例(18.03%)。使用实验室ELISA试剂盒，18份(29.50%)样品对两种病原体的抗体均呈阳性，而SNAP检测的样品为9份(14.75%)。两种检测方法的比较表明，检测埃利希氏体(52个样本)抗体的结果与检测无原体(44个样本)抗体的结果更为一致。这种差异归因于可能的交叉反应
{"title":"Performance of laboratory ELISA and rapid ELISA tests for Ehrlichia spp. and Anaplasma spp. antibody detection in dogs","authors":"K. Gospodinova, K. Koev, V. Petrov","doi":"10.15547/bjvm.2439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15547/bjvm.2439","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study was to compare the performance of two diagnostic approaches for the detection of antibodies against Ehrlichia canis (E. canis) and Anaplasma phagocytophilum (A. phagocytophylum). Two types of tests were used. Anti-E. canis ELISA Dog (IgG) and Anti-A. phagocytophilum ELISA Dog (IgG) are ELISA kits for the detection of relevant antibodies in laboratory conditions, and SNAP® 4Dx Plus is a pet-side ELISA-based serological screening test for simultaneous detection of antibodies against A. phagocytophilum/A. platys, E. canis/E. ewingii, B. burgdorferi and Dirofilaria immitis antigens. A total of 61 blood samples obtained from dogs with clinical signs and haematological changes suspect for granulocytic anaplasmosis or monocytic ehrlichiosis were analysed. Antibodies against E. canis were found out in 29 (47.54%) and A. phagocytophilum in 7 (11.48%) of the samples tested by laboratory ELISA. When using the SNAP test, the results were 35 (57.38%) and 11 (18.03%), respectively. Using the laboratory ELISA kit, 18 samples (29.50%) were positive for antibodies against both pathogens vs 9 (14.75%) samples tested by SNAP. The comparison of the two tests showed a greater agreement of the results in the detection of antibodies against Ehrlichia spp. (52 samples) than against Anaplasma spp. (44 samples). This difference was attributed to possible cross-reactions","PeriodicalId":9279,"journal":{"name":"BULGARIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY MEDICINE","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85915043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Respiratory viral infections cause significant economic losses in sheep production. This preliminary molecular study aimed to detect the Maedi-Visna virus infection in Awassi sheep in three governorates in the middle region of Iraq. The presence of one or more of the specific four genes (gag, pol, env and LTR) were considered as positive result. A total of 210 blood samples of Awassi sheep were collected for the purpose of the project. The molecular prevalence of Maedi-Visna virus in sheep was 12.85% (27/210). As a result, Maedi-Visna virus was observed in sheep with chronic respiratory system disease with non-significant difference between governorates and between primers percentage (P>0.05). Sequencing studies strongly suggested that Maedi-Visna virus originated in Iraq. This is the first study describing Iraqi Maedi-Visna virus sequences with molecular characterisation of gag, pol, env and LTR genes, suggesting that Maedi-Visna virus originated in Iraq.
{"title":"First molecular detection of Maedi-Visna virus in Awassi sheep of Middle Iraq regions","authors":"A. Mosa, M. M. Zenad","doi":"10.15547/bjvm.2020-0069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15547/bjvm.2020-0069","url":null,"abstract":"Respiratory viral infections cause significant economic losses in sheep production. This preliminary molecular study aimed to detect the Maedi-Visna virus infection in Awassi sheep in three governorates in the middle region of Iraq. The presence of one or more of the specific four genes (gag, pol, env and LTR) were considered as positive result. A total of 210 blood samples of Awassi sheep were collected for the purpose of the project. The molecular prevalence of Maedi-Visna virus in sheep was 12.85% (27/210). As a result, Maedi-Visna virus was observed in sheep with chronic respiratory system disease with non-significant difference between governorates and between primers percentage (P>0.05). Sequencing studies strongly suggested that Maedi-Visna virus originated in Iraq. This is the first study describing Iraqi Maedi-Visna virus sequences with molecular characterisation of gag, pol, env and LTR genes, suggesting that Maedi-Visna virus originated in Iraq.","PeriodicalId":9279,"journal":{"name":"BULGARIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY MEDICINE","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83875463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Hambal, H. Marwadi, F. Farida, S. Sugito, A. Amiruddin, H. Vanda
Great losses of cattle and other ruminants due to Eurytrema pancreaticum have been recorded in Indonesia and other countries in Southeast Asia. The objective of this study was to examine histological alterations after E. pancreaticum infection in cattle. This study analysed the pathological changes of pancreas in 153 cattle sampled randomly at slaughterhouses in Banda Aceh, Indonesia. Samples were obtained during one year as part of routine meat inspection. The samples of cattle pancreas were obtained from slaughterhouse in Banda Aceh and examined for eurytrematosis. The number of infected pancreases was 64 out of 153 (41.8%). The pancreases indicated some alterations including macroscopic colour changes of the pancreatic capsular surface, followed by the production of mucus on the surface. Some adult flukes were found in the capsular surface of the pancreas together with fluke eggs. The dissected pancreases were prepared for histopathological study for each segment, and then observed under microscope. The implications of findings from histopathologic analyses of the pancreas are discussed.
{"title":"Pathological findings of bovine pancreatic lesions induced by Eurytrema pancreticum in Aceh cattle, Sumatra","authors":"M. Hambal, H. Marwadi, F. Farida, S. Sugito, A. Amiruddin, H. Vanda","doi":"10.15547/bjvm.2020-0037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15547/bjvm.2020-0037","url":null,"abstract":"Great losses of cattle and other ruminants due to Eurytrema pancreaticum have been recorded in Indonesia and other countries in Southeast Asia. The objective of this study was to examine histological alterations after E. pancreaticum infection in cattle. This study analysed the pathological changes of pancreas in 153 cattle sampled randomly at slaughterhouses in Banda Aceh, Indonesia. Samples were obtained during one year as part of routine meat inspection. The samples of cattle pancreas were obtained from slaughterhouse in Banda Aceh and examined for eurytrematosis. The number of infected pancreases was 64 out of 153 (41.8%). The pancreases indicated some alterations including macroscopic colour changes of the pancreatic capsular surface, followed by the production of mucus on the surface. Some adult flukes were found in the capsular surface of the pancreas together with fluke eggs. The dissected pancreases were prepared for histopathological study for each segment, and then observed under microscope. The implications of findings from histopathologic analyses of the pancreas are discussed.","PeriodicalId":9279,"journal":{"name":"BULGARIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY MEDICINE","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90866746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Shawky, N. Khaled, G. El-Moghazy, S. Abdelgayed, R. Soliman
n experiment was performed with a total of 280 one-day old SPF broiler chicks to evaluate the effects of probiotics, alone or in combination, on growth performance, gut morphometry and immune response to fowl cholera vaccination. The birds were randomly divided into seven groups each of 40 chicks and the experiment lasted for 42 days. The probiotic microorganisms that were offered via water included Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium bifidum, Enterococcus faecium, Bacillus subtilis and Saccharomyces cervisiae. Significant increase in the food conversion rate was recorded in group 4 that received probiotic mixture composed of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bacillus subtilis. Also, significantly high geometric mean titre (GMT) of P. multocida specific-antibodies and lowest morbidity and mortality rates post P. multocida challenge were recorded in this group. The effect of different probiotics on the morphometric changes in the gut tissues was determined, where significant increase in the duodenal and ileum villus height and average crypt depth were recorded in probiotic treated chicks compared to the negative control. The increase in the gut villi height is proved to be associated with increased absorption capability of nutients from the intestine.
{"title":"Positive effects of dietary probiotics on immune response and gut morphometry in broiler chickens","authors":"M. Shawky, N. Khaled, G. El-Moghazy, S. Abdelgayed, R. Soliman","doi":"10.15547/bjvm.2317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15547/bjvm.2317","url":null,"abstract":"n experiment was performed with a total of 280 one-day old SPF broiler chicks to evaluate the effects of probiotics, alone or in combination, on growth performance, gut morphometry and immune response to fowl cholera vaccination. The birds were randomly divided into seven groups each of 40 chicks and the experiment lasted for 42 days. The probiotic microorganisms that were offered via water included Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bifidobacterium bifidum, Enterococcus faecium, Bacillus subtilis and Saccharomyces cervisiae. Significant increase in the food conversion rate was recorded in group 4 that received probiotic mixture composed of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bacillus subtilis. Also, significantly high geometric mean titre (GMT) of P. multocida specific-antibodies and lowest morbidity and mortality rates post P. multocida challenge were recorded in this group. The effect of different probiotics on the morphometric changes in the gut tissues was determined, where significant increase in the duodenal and ileum villus height and average crypt depth were recorded in probiotic treated chicks compared to the negative control. The increase in the gut villi height is proved to be associated with increased absorption capability of nutients from the intestine.","PeriodicalId":9279,"journal":{"name":"BULGARIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY MEDICINE","volume":"100 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76211501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. El-Sherbiny, K. El-Shahat, A. A. Abo El-maaty, E. Abdelnaby
The current study aimed to assess the ovarian and uterine haemodynamics in postpartum (pp) Egyptian buffaloes and their relation to steroid hormonal levels (progesterone and estrogen). Six multiparous buffalos with normal calving were examined by using trans-rectal Doppler sonography to assess the blood flow in ipsilateral and contralateral ovarian and uterine arteries. Doppler parameters viz. peak systolic velocity (PSV), blood flow volume (BFV), resistance (RI) and pulsatility index (PI) were measured at 1st till 6th postpartum weeks. In addition, diameters (mm) of the ovarian and uterine arteries and the vascularisation area (mm2) of ovary were determined. The blood samples were collected starting from 1st week post calving and every week thereafter following each ultrasound Doppler examination for assay of progesterone and estradiol. Results indicated that PI and RI increased consistently and significantly (P<0.05) till the 6th week post calving as compared to those recorded at 1st week in ipsilateral ovarian and uterine arteries. However, the blood flow volume and peak systolic velocity in both ovarian and uterine arteries decreased gradually from 1st week till the 6th week after calving. There were very strong positive correlations between PSV and BFV, in both ipsilateral and contralateral ovarian and uterine arteries. Blood concentrations of progesterone were lower (P<0.05) during the first four weeks than those recorded at 5th and 6th postpartum weeks. This trend was reversed for blood estradiol 17-β. The results of the present investigation concluded that Doppler ultrasonography is a suitable tool for assessing changes in ovarian and uterine perfusion during the puerperium.
{"title":"Ovarian and uterine haemodynamics and their relation to steroid hormonal levels in postpartum Egyptian buffaloes","authors":"H. El-Sherbiny, K. El-Shahat, A. A. Abo El-maaty, E. Abdelnaby","doi":"10.15547/bjvm.2020-0091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15547/bjvm.2020-0091","url":null,"abstract":"The current study aimed to assess the ovarian and uterine haemodynamics in postpartum (pp) Egyptian buffaloes and their relation to steroid hormonal levels (progesterone and estrogen). Six multiparous buffalos with normal calving were examined by using trans-rectal Doppler sonography to assess the blood flow in ipsilateral and contralateral ovarian and uterine arteries. Doppler parameters viz. peak systolic velocity (PSV), blood flow volume (BFV), resistance (RI) and pulsatility index (PI) were measured at 1st till 6th postpartum weeks. In addition, diameters (mm) of the ovarian and uterine arteries and the vascularisation area (mm2) of ovary were determined. The blood samples were collected starting from 1st week post calving and every week thereafter following each ultrasound Doppler examination for assay of progesterone and estradiol. Results indicated that PI and RI increased consistently and significantly (P<0.05) till the 6th week post calving as compared to those recorded at 1st week in ipsilateral ovarian and uterine arteries. However, the blood flow volume and peak systolic velocity in both ovarian and uterine arteries decreased gradually from 1st week till the 6th week after calving. There were very strong positive correlations between PSV and BFV, in both ipsilateral and contralateral ovarian and uterine arteries. Blood concentrations of progesterone were lower (P<0.05) during the first four weeks than those recorded at 5th and 6th postpartum weeks. This trend was reversed for blood estradiol 17-β. The results of the present investigation concluded that Doppler ultrasonography is a suitable tool for assessing changes in ovarian and uterine perfusion during the puerperium.","PeriodicalId":9279,"journal":{"name":"BULGARIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY MEDICINE","volume":"133 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73776497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：