Background: The development of gluten-free products is a great challenge for manufactures aiming to make baked products have a similar composition to their gluten-containing counterparts. They routinely use commercial and vegetable additives (rice flour and cassava starch), which are gluten free. Due to the fact that most of these products in Venezuela are imported and thus expensive, the prominence of celiac disease increases by 4% every year. This work aimed to develop a filled cupcake formulation with the use of natural and synthetic gluten-free hydrocolloids for those with celiac disease.Methods: Two mixture designs, one with rice flour and one with cassava flour, were examined to identify which flour would give the cupcake the best consistency. The flours were mixed with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and vegetable fat (emulsifier) to see which proportion of ingredients was best-suited for the final product. The response variables of adhesiveness, cohesiveness, hardness, and gumminess were used to develop a texture profile. Two formulations were then obtained based on desirability ratings, and then evaluated based on the acceptability of 50 celiac patients. The physical, chemical and microbiological characterization, along with the storage stability of the selected formulation, was evaluated. The shelf life of the cupcake was determined by evaluating the texture profile, acceptability and microbiological parameters during 21 days at three temperatures (25 °C, 35 °C and 45 °C).Results: The formulation with the greatest desirability in our population had the lowest gliadin content (0.231ppm), the lowest production cost, and showed a decrease in acceptability as time and temperature increased. The shelf life of the cupcakes was estimated to be 14 days when stored at at an average temperature of 28 °C.Conclusion: Our study demonstrates that it possible to produce a low-cost, high-calorie filled cupcake for people with celiac disease to consume. Keywords: Hydrocolloids, gluten-free filled cup cake, gluten, compound flours, celiac disease
{"title":"Formulation of gluten-free cupcake with hydrocolloids for people with Celiac disease","authors":"Carolina Gómez, J. Colina","doi":"10.31989/BCHD.V2I6.630","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31989/BCHD.V2I6.630","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The development of gluten-free products is a great challenge for manufactures aiming to make baked products have a similar composition to their gluten-containing counterparts. They routinely use commercial and vegetable additives (rice flour and cassava starch), which are gluten free. Due to the fact that most of these products in Venezuela are imported and thus expensive, the prominence of celiac disease increases by 4% every year. This work aimed to develop a filled cupcake formulation with the use of natural and synthetic gluten-free hydrocolloids for those with celiac disease.Methods: Two mixture designs, one with rice flour and one with cassava flour, were examined to identify which flour would give the cupcake the best consistency. The flours were mixed with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and vegetable fat (emulsifier) to see which proportion of ingredients was best-suited for the final product. The response variables of adhesiveness, cohesiveness, hardness, and gumminess were used to develop a texture profile. Two formulations were then obtained based on desirability ratings, and then evaluated based on the acceptability of 50 celiac patients. The physical, chemical and microbiological characterization, along with the storage stability of the selected formulation, was evaluated. The shelf life of the cupcake was determined by evaluating the texture profile, acceptability and microbiological parameters during 21 days at three temperatures (25 °C, 35 °C and 45 °C).Results: The formulation with the greatest desirability in our population had the lowest gliadin content (0.231ppm), the lowest production cost, and showed a decrease in acceptability as time and temperature increased. The shelf life of the cupcakes was estimated to be 14 days when stored at at an average temperature of 28 °C.Conclusion: Our study demonstrates that it possible to produce a low-cost, high-calorie filled cupcake for people with celiac disease to consume. Keywords: Hydrocolloids, gluten-free filled cup cake, gluten, compound flours, celiac disease","PeriodicalId":93079,"journal":{"name":"Bioactive compounds in health and disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49395177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Obesity and type 2 diabetes, both worldwide epidemics, are drastic problems that can be ameliorated dramatically through the combination of lifestyle changes (especially diet and exercise) the treatment of drugs and nutritional supplements [1]. Lysulin is a patent-pending nutritional supplement that contains lysine, zinc and vitamin C [2]. Through double-blind placebo-controlled studies, it has been shown to help people with prediabetes [3] and type 2 diabetes [4] in promoting better glycemic control and lowering their HbA1c.Historically, supplements have had a bad reputation due to aggressive marketing of unsubstantiated claims. That being said, Lysulin is firmly grounded on a foundation of 25 years of research, development and clinical studies. These studies show the ingredients in Lysulin can lower blood glucose and glycated proteins – the cause of diabetes complications. In addition, double-blind placebo-controlled studies found that Lysulin improves glycemic control in people with diabetes and may also slow or even halt the progression from prediabetes to type 2 diabetes [3,4].Glucose is essential in providing the human body an energy source. Glucose relies on the hormone, insulin, to enter our cells to provide the energy we need for everyday living. However, while everyone needs a certain amount of glucose for daily energy production, excessive glucose is dangerously toxic to the body (primarily as a result of protein glycation). In addition, fructose (from High Fructose Corn Syrup) does not utilize insulin to enter the liver or our cells, and thus enters them easily and immediately turns into fat [5]. Poor diets, along with increased consumption of High Fructose Corn Syrup (HFCS), have lead to the high rates of obesity and diabetes that we see today. The pandemic of type 2 diabetes, which is expected to affect at least 250 million people worldwide by 2020 and 642 million by 2040 [6], is the result of diets high in carbohydrates, HFCS and sugar, along with the lack of commensurate exercise. This lifestyle leads to insulin resistance, caused by the glycation of insulin and insulin receptors [7], which results in high concentrations of glucose in the bloodstream. The therapy for type 2 diabetes begins with attempts to control glucose through diet and exercise. If this fails, oral drugs are prescribed. If these fail to show improvements in blood glucose levels, insulin injections are given. Over 30% of people with type 2 diabetes are using insulin injections to control their blood glucose levels [6]. There is vast literature documenting the role of nutraceuticals and functional foods in managing the alterations in metabolism and improving the health of people with chronic disease [8, 9]. To make up for the fact that important nutrients are lost during the processing of food, adding nutritional supplements to our daily routine, in addition to consuming a low-carbohydrate diet, can have profound benefits. A well-balanced diet, along w
{"title":"Lysulin: Natural nutritional support to bring better health to people with diabetes and prediabetes","authors":"J. Burd","doi":"10.31989/BCHD.V2I6.600","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31989/BCHD.V2I6.600","url":null,"abstract":"Obesity and type 2 diabetes, both worldwide epidemics, are drastic problems that can be ameliorated dramatically through the combination of lifestyle changes (especially diet and exercise) the treatment of drugs and nutritional supplements [1]. Lysulin is a patent-pending nutritional supplement that contains lysine, zinc and vitamin C [2]. Through double-blind placebo-controlled studies, it has been shown to help people with prediabetes [3] and type 2 diabetes [4] in promoting better glycemic control and lowering their HbA1c.Historically, supplements have had a bad reputation due to aggressive marketing of unsubstantiated claims. That being said, Lysulin is firmly grounded on a foundation of 25 years of research, development and clinical studies. These studies show the ingredients in Lysulin can lower blood glucose and glycated proteins – the cause of diabetes complications. In addition, double-blind placebo-controlled studies found that Lysulin improves glycemic control in people with diabetes and may also slow or even halt the progression from prediabetes to type 2 diabetes [3,4].Glucose is essential in providing the human body an energy source. Glucose relies on the hormone, insulin, to enter our cells to provide the energy we need for everyday living. However, while everyone needs a certain amount of glucose for daily energy production, excessive glucose is dangerously toxic to the body (primarily as a result of protein glycation). In addition, fructose (from High Fructose Corn Syrup) does not utilize insulin to enter the liver or our cells, and thus enters them easily and immediately turns into fat [5]. Poor diets, along with increased consumption of High Fructose Corn Syrup (HFCS), have lead to the high rates of obesity and diabetes that we see today. The pandemic of type 2 diabetes, which is expected to affect at least 250 million people worldwide by 2020 and 642 million by 2040 [6], is the result of diets high in carbohydrates, HFCS and sugar, along with the lack of commensurate exercise. This lifestyle leads to insulin resistance, caused by the glycation of insulin and insulin receptors [7], which results in high concentrations of glucose in the bloodstream. The therapy for type 2 diabetes begins with attempts to control glucose through diet and exercise. If this fails, oral drugs are prescribed. If these fail to show improvements in blood glucose levels, insulin injections are given. Over 30% of people with type 2 diabetes are using insulin injections to control their blood glucose levels [6]. There is vast literature documenting the role of nutraceuticals and functional foods in managing the alterations in metabolism and improving the health of people with chronic disease [8, 9]. To make up for the fact that important nutrients are lost during the processing of food, adding nutritional supplements to our daily routine, in addition to consuming a low-carbohydrate diet, can have profound benefits. A well-balanced diet, along w","PeriodicalId":93079,"journal":{"name":"Bioactive compounds in health and disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44208986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: The impact that hair loss has on an individual's psychological wellness, and subsequent quality of life, is widespread and long lasting. The current standard treatments for hair loss include surgery and medications, ranging from over-the-counter treatments to corticosteroid injections and immunosuppressants. Unfortunately, these current treatments are either expensive, invasive, or have extremely negative side effects. Recently, the role of vitamins, minerals, and functional foods with their associated bioactive compounds, have gained increasing recognition as a potential means to address this issue. Some of these compounds have been shown to decrease the risk of specific forms of hair loss, particularly alopecia, a form of balding that results due from an autoimmune disorder. These include experimental studies using black raspberry extract and egg yolks as well as epidemiological studies using Mediterranean diets and various micronutrients. Other compounds have been shown to promote hair growth on a more general scale, including in vivo studies using rice bran extract and mouse models using red ginseng oil and annurca apple polyphenols. This review identifies key hair growth promoting vitamins, minerals, and functional foods, as well as summarizes the relevant mechanisms of action of these compounds that have been elucidated. Knowledge regarding the effects of these nutriceuticals on reducing hair loss is rapidly expanding. However, it is imperative that further research be done in order to delineate mechanisms of actions for all compounds related to managing and treating hair loss and subsequently integrate these dietary modifications into clinical treatment recommendations for hair loss.Keywords: Hair loss, alopecia, berry extract, mediterranean diet, rice bran, ginseng, annurca apple, thuja orientalis, marine supplement, honey, egg yolk, functional foods, bioactive compounds
{"title":"Hair loss: A review of the role of food bioactive compounds","authors":"G. Wei, D. Martirosyan","doi":"10.31989/BCHD.V2I5.610","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31989/BCHD.V2I5.610","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The impact that hair loss has on an individual's psychological wellness, and subsequent quality of life, is widespread and long lasting. The current standard treatments for hair loss include surgery and medications, ranging from over-the-counter treatments to corticosteroid injections and immunosuppressants. Unfortunately, these current treatments are either expensive, invasive, or have extremely negative side effects. Recently, the role of vitamins, minerals, and functional foods with their associated bioactive compounds, have gained increasing recognition as a potential means to address this issue. Some of these compounds have been shown to decrease the risk of specific forms of hair loss, particularly alopecia, a form of balding that results due from an autoimmune disorder. These include experimental studies using black raspberry extract and egg yolks as well as epidemiological studies using Mediterranean diets and various micronutrients. Other compounds have been shown to promote hair growth on a more general scale, including in vivo studies using rice bran extract and mouse models using red ginseng oil and annurca apple polyphenols. This review identifies key hair growth promoting vitamins, minerals, and functional foods, as well as summarizes the relevant mechanisms of action of these compounds that have been elucidated. Knowledge regarding the effects of these nutriceuticals on reducing hair loss is rapidly expanding. However, it is imperative that further research be done in order to delineate mechanisms of actions for all compounds related to managing and treating hair loss and subsequently integrate these dietary modifications into clinical treatment recommendations for hair loss.Keywords: Hair loss, alopecia, berry extract, mediterranean diet, rice bran, ginseng, annurca apple, thuja orientalis, marine supplement, honey, egg yolk, functional foods, bioactive compounds","PeriodicalId":93079,"journal":{"name":"Bioactive compounds in health and disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41894488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become a common chronic liver disease, global in nature. Occurring in individuals without a history of significant ethanol consumption, it encompasses a wide spectrum of hepatic disorders. It ranges from simple steatosis, to its advanced form, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), fibrosis, cirrhosis to even hepatocellular carcinoma. Infact, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) can also develop even in the absence of cirrhosis. The prevalence of NAFLD is on the rise primarily because of the already prevalent metabolic conditions like insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, central obesity and dyslipidemia. Therefore, NAFLD is associated with adverse metabolic consequences. Other than the detrimental hepatic outcomes mentioned above, cases of NAFLD have a very high predisposition to cardiovascular disease. Therefore, management of NAFLD is of paramount importance. However, the challenge lies in the fact that there are no approved therapeutic drug regimens for the treatment of NAFLD. Currently, the standard care comprises of treating the underlying co-existing metabolic abnormalities along with a strong focus on lifestyle modification.Keywords: Non—alcoholic fatty liver disease, antioxidants, milk thistle, silymarin, flavonolignans, silibin
{"title":"Role of silymarin in the management of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: Time to clear the mist","authors":"K. Roy, U. Lyer","doi":"10.31989/BCHD.V2I5.622","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31989/BCHD.V2I5.622","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become a common chronic liver disease, global in nature. Occurring in individuals without a history of significant ethanol consumption, it encompasses a wide spectrum of hepatic disorders. It ranges from simple steatosis, to its advanced form, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), fibrosis, cirrhosis to even hepatocellular carcinoma. Infact, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) can also develop even in the absence of cirrhosis. The prevalence of NAFLD is on the rise primarily because of the already prevalent metabolic conditions like insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, central obesity and dyslipidemia. Therefore, NAFLD is associated with adverse metabolic consequences. Other than the detrimental hepatic outcomes mentioned above, cases of NAFLD have a very high predisposition to cardiovascular disease. Therefore, management of NAFLD is of paramount importance. However, the challenge lies in the fact that there are no approved therapeutic drug regimens for the treatment of NAFLD. Currently, the standard care comprises of treating the underlying co-existing metabolic abnormalities along with a strong focus on lifestyle modification.Keywords: Non—alcoholic fatty liver disease, antioxidants, milk thistle, silymarin, flavonolignans, silibin","PeriodicalId":93079,"journal":{"name":"Bioactive compounds in health and disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49148055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Shimoda, Shogo Takeda, T. Takarada, Yuri Kato, Norihito Shimizu, K. Toda, M. Nakamura, H. Hanada, Seikou Nakamura, H. Matsuda
Background: Phytoestrogens in edible plants, including soybean isoflavones and pomegranates, have been used for alleviation of premenopausal/postmenopausal syndromes and osteoporosis. Mauritia flexuosa (moriche palm) is grown in Peru and Brazil for its edible fruit that is said to contain phytoestrogens, but the relevant estrogenic compounds have not been identified. We investigated the constituents of moriche palm fruit extract and evaluated their estrogenic ability.Materials and methods: Ethyl acetate fraction of dried moriche palm was purified by column chromatography and HPLC chromatography. To evaluate estrogenic activity, we performed [1] simulation of binding to the human estrogen receptor (ER), [2] investigation of the proliferative effect on MCF-7 cells, and [3] the estrogen-chemically activated luciferase gene expression (E-CALUX) assay.Results: Two hydroxypterocarpans were isolated including lespeflorin G8 (LF) and 8-hydroxyhomopterocarpan (8-HHP). The binding affinity of LF to ERa was higher than that of 8-HHP, with inhibition constants of 81.9 nM and 1.99 mM, respectively. However, LF and 8-HHP exhibited a similar proliferative effect on MCF-7 cells at 10 mM. The E-CALUX assay demonstrated that LF is a full ER agonist and 8-HHP is a partial agonist.Conclusion: LF was identified as a major estrogenic compound in the fruit of Mauritia flexuosa.Keywords: Mauritia flexuosa, moriche palm, lespeflorin G8, homopterocarpan, estrogenic activity, MCF-7, E-CALUX
{"title":"Hydroxypterocarpans with estrogenic activity in Aguaje, the fruit of Mauritia flexuosa (Peruvian moriche palm)","authors":"H. Shimoda, Shogo Takeda, T. Takarada, Yuri Kato, Norihito Shimizu, K. Toda, M. Nakamura, H. Hanada, Seikou Nakamura, H. Matsuda","doi":"10.31989/BCHD.V2I4.585","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31989/BCHD.V2I4.585","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Phytoestrogens in edible plants, including soybean isoflavones and pomegranates, have been used for alleviation of premenopausal/postmenopausal syndromes and osteoporosis. Mauritia flexuosa (moriche palm) is grown in Peru and Brazil for its edible fruit that is said to contain phytoestrogens, but the relevant estrogenic compounds have not been identified. We investigated the constituents of moriche palm fruit extract and evaluated their estrogenic ability.Materials and methods: Ethyl acetate fraction of dried moriche palm was purified by column chromatography and HPLC chromatography. To evaluate estrogenic activity, we performed [1] simulation of binding to the human estrogen receptor (ER), [2] investigation of the proliferative effect on MCF-7 cells, and [3] the estrogen-chemically activated luciferase gene expression (E-CALUX) assay.Results: Two hydroxypterocarpans were isolated including lespeflorin G8 (LF) and 8-hydroxyhomopterocarpan (8-HHP). The binding affinity of LF to ERa was higher than that of 8-HHP, with inhibition constants of 81.9 nM and 1.99 mM, respectively. However, LF and 8-HHP exhibited a similar proliferative effect on MCF-7 cells at 10 mM. The E-CALUX assay demonstrated that LF is a full ER agonist and 8-HHP is a partial agonist.Conclusion: LF was identified as a major estrogenic compound in the fruit of Mauritia flexuosa.Keywords: Mauritia flexuosa, moriche palm, lespeflorin G8, homopterocarpan, estrogenic activity, MCF-7, E-CALUX","PeriodicalId":93079,"journal":{"name":"Bioactive compounds in health and disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49447618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Backround: In Kampo medicine as well as traditional Chinese medicine, each crude drug is classified by four properties (cold, cool, warm, and heat), five tastes (sour, bitter, sweet, spice, and salt) based on the Yin-yang and five elements (wood, fire, earth, metal, water) theory. The four properties and five tastes are greatly related to the medicinal efficacy of the crude drug in Kampo medicine. The pharmacological function of crude drugs is called "Yakuno" in Japanese. Examples of Yakuno include various functions such as clearing heat and removing blood stasis. Crude drugs with properties classified as cold or cool have the function to clear heat as they cool the body. Crude drugs classified as bBitter also have the function to clear heat. We speculated that anti-inflammatory constituents are included in crude drugs and food that are classified as cold or cool in property and bitter in taste.Keywords: crude drug, Kampo medicine, food, property, taste, nitric oxide, inflammation, pharmacological function
{"title":"Anti-inflammatory effect of foods and crude drugs in relation to bitter and spicy tastes","authors":"Y. Ikeya, Denise A. Epp, M. Nishizawa","doi":"10.31989/BCHD.V2I4.613","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31989/BCHD.V2I4.613","url":null,"abstract":"Backround: In Kampo medicine as well as traditional Chinese medicine, each crude drug is classified by four properties (cold, cool, warm, and heat), five tastes (sour, bitter, sweet, spice, and salt) based on the Yin-yang and five elements (wood, fire, earth, metal, water) theory. The four properties and five tastes are greatly related to the medicinal efficacy of the crude drug in Kampo medicine. The pharmacological function of crude drugs is called \"Yakuno\" in Japanese. Examples of Yakuno include various functions such as clearing heat and removing blood stasis. Crude drugs with properties classified as cold or cool have the function to clear heat as they cool the body. Crude drugs classified as bBitter also have the function to clear heat. We speculated that anti-inflammatory constituents are included in crude drugs and food that are classified as cold or cool in property and bitter in taste.Keywords: crude drug, Kampo medicine, food, property, taste, nitric oxide, inflammation, pharmacological function","PeriodicalId":93079,"journal":{"name":"Bioactive compounds in health and disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44293320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Amaia Iriondo-DeHond, B. Ramírez, F. Escobar, M. D. Castillo
Background: Coffee is one of the main sources of dietary melanoidins. Coffee melanoidins have antioxidant properties and are associated with protective effects against oxidative damage. The aim of this research was to study the potential of melanoidins obtained from coffee byproducts as functional ingredients to improve gastrointestinal health using normal human colon cells. Melanoidins were extracted from two coffee byproducts: coffee silverskin (CSE) and spent coffee grounds (SCG). Extraction was carried out by ultrafiltration using a 10 kDa molecular cut membrane. Safety of raw materials and isolated fractions was studied by microbiological analysis and determination of acrylamide, respectively. Characterization of coffee isolates was assessed by UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, and determination of browning, protein content and antioxidant capacity measured by ABTS and formation of intracellular ROS in human intestinal cells (CCD18 cell line). The high molecular weight (HMW) enriched fraction showed antioxidant capacity and protected intestinal cells against induced oxidative stress. Coffee byproducts generated after the roasting process are a sustainable source of melanoidins that may act as antioxidants and therefore, may have the potential to be used as a functional novel ingredient for the prevention of gastrointestinal diseases caused by oxidative stress.Keywords: Coffee byproducts, gastrointestinal health, melanoidins, sustainable health.
{"title":"Antioxidant properties of high molecular weight compounds from coffee roasting and brewing byproducts","authors":"Amaia Iriondo-DeHond, B. Ramírez, F. Escobar, M. D. Castillo","doi":"10.31989/BCHD.V2I3.588","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31989/BCHD.V2I3.588","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Coffee is one of the main sources of dietary melanoidins. Coffee melanoidins have antioxidant properties and are associated with protective effects against oxidative damage. The aim of this research was to study the potential of melanoidins obtained from coffee byproducts as functional ingredients to improve gastrointestinal health using normal human colon cells. Melanoidins were extracted from two coffee byproducts: coffee silverskin (CSE) and spent coffee grounds (SCG). Extraction was carried out by ultrafiltration using a 10 kDa molecular cut membrane. Safety of raw materials and isolated fractions was studied by microbiological analysis and determination of acrylamide, respectively. Characterization of coffee isolates was assessed by UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, and determination of browning, protein content and antioxidant capacity measured by ABTS and formation of intracellular ROS in human intestinal cells (CCD18 cell line). The high molecular weight (HMW) enriched fraction showed antioxidant capacity and protected intestinal cells against induced oxidative stress. Coffee byproducts generated after the roasting process are a sustainable source of melanoidins that may act as antioxidants and therefore, may have the potential to be used as a functional novel ingredient for the prevention of gastrointestinal diseases caused by oxidative stress.Keywords: Coffee byproducts, gastrointestinal health, melanoidins, sustainable health. ","PeriodicalId":93079,"journal":{"name":"Bioactive compounds in health and disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47652497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) is a pseudocereal traditionally cultivated by Andean cultures which production and consumption has increased worldwide in the last decades. Quinoa was defined as “one of the grains of the 21st century” because of its resistance to extreme environmental conditions and its nutritional and functional properties. In addition to its high content in protein, lipids, fiber, vitamins, and minerals, and its excellent balance of essential amino acids, quinoa contains a plethora of phytochemicals including saponins, phytosterols, phytoecdysteroids, phenolic compounds, polysaccharides, and bioactive proteins and peptides. The recent investigations demonstrating the beneficial effects of these compounds on metabolic, cardiovascular, and gastrointestinal health have made quinoa to gain recognition as a functional food and nutraceutical. This review summarizes the available data on the nutritional and functional role of quinoa emphasizing on the bioactive compounds mainly responsible for the health benefits attributed to this crop. Keywords: quinoa, pseudocereal, nutritional value, bioactive compounds, health benefits
{"title":"Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) as source of bioactive compounds: a review","authors":"B. Hernández-Ledesma","doi":"10.31989/BCHD.V2I3.556","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31989/BCHD.V2I3.556","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) is a pseudocereal traditionally cultivated by Andean cultures which production and consumption has increased worldwide in the last decades. Quinoa was defined as “one of the grains of the 21st century” because of its resistance to extreme environmental conditions and its nutritional and functional properties. In addition to its high content in protein, lipids, fiber, vitamins, and minerals, and its excellent balance of essential amino acids, quinoa contains a plethora of phytochemicals including saponins, phytosterols, phytoecdysteroids, phenolic compounds, polysaccharides, and bioactive proteins and peptides. The recent investigations demonstrating the beneficial effects of these compounds on metabolic, cardiovascular, and gastrointestinal health have made quinoa to gain recognition as a functional food and nutraceutical. This review summarizes the available data on the nutritional and functional role of quinoa emphasizing on the bioactive compounds mainly responsible for the health benefits attributed to this crop. Keywords: quinoa, pseudocereal, nutritional value, bioactive compounds, health benefits","PeriodicalId":93079,"journal":{"name":"Bioactive compounds in health and disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47539900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nole Tsabang, Lionel W Tsambang Djeufack, Clément G Yedjou, Paul B Tchounwou
Background: Diabetes is a metabolic pathology that affects the human body's capacity to adequately produce and use insulin. Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes accounts for 5-10 % of diabetic patients. In Type 2 diabetes the insulin produced by the pancreatic islets is not properly used by cells due to insulin resistance. Gestational diabetes sometimes occurs in pregnant women and affects about 18 % of all pregnancies.Diabetes is one of the most important multifactorial metabolic chronic diseases with fatal complications. According to the International Diabetes Federation's estimations in 2015, 415 million people had diabetes and there will be an increase to 642 million people by 2040. Although many ethnopharmacological surveys have been carried out in several parts of the world, no ethnomedical and ethnopharmacological surveys have been done to identify plants used for the prevention and treatment of diabetes.
Objective: This study aimed to collect and document information on food plants' remedies consumed for the prevention and treatment of diabetes in Cameroon.
Methods: Ethnomedical and ethnopharmacological thorough preparations were conducted with 1131 interviewees from 58 tribes, following a random distribution. Diabetic patients recorded among this sample signed the informed consent and allowed us to evaluate the effectiveness of 10 identified food plants usually used for self-medication. They were divided into two groups: Group 1 comprised of 42 diabetic patients who regularly consume certain of these food plants, and Group 2 included 58 patients who were town-dwellers and did not regularly eat these identified food plants.
Results: It was recorded that the onset of diabetes in patients were at about 70 years and 45 years for Group 1 and Group 2 respectively. Hence, a relationship was demonstrated between the onset of diabetes and the consumption of food plants. They contributed to the prevention and/or the delay in clinical manifestations.
Conclusion: Further investigations and/or clinical trials involving a large number of both type 1 and type 2 diabetics are needed to describe the therapeutic action of many food plants against diabetes. However, this study provides scientific support for the use of herbal medicines in the management of diabetes.
{"title":"Importance of food plants in the prevention and treatment of diabetes in Cameroon.","authors":"Nole Tsabang, Lionel W Tsambang Djeufack, Clément G Yedjou, Paul B Tchounwou","doi":"10.31989/bchd.v2i2.554","DOIUrl":"10.31989/bchd.v2i2.554","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Diabetes is a metabolic pathology that affects the human body's capacity to adequately produce and use insulin. Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes accounts for 5-10 % of diabetic patients. In Type 2 diabetes the insulin produced by the pancreatic islets is not properly used by cells due to insulin resistance. Gestational diabetes sometimes occurs in pregnant women and affects about 18 % of all pregnancies.Diabetes is one of the most important multifactorial metabolic chronic diseases with fatal complications. According to the International Diabetes Federation's estimations in 2015, 415 million people had diabetes and there will be an increase to 642 million people by 2040. Although many ethnopharmacological surveys have been carried out in several parts of the world, no ethnomedical and ethnopharmacological surveys have been done to identify plants used for the prevention and treatment of diabetes.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to collect and document information on food plants' remedies consumed for the prevention and treatment of diabetes in Cameroon.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Ethnomedical and ethnopharmacological thorough preparations were conducted with 1131 interviewees from 58 tribes, following a random distribution. Diabetic patients recorded among this sample signed the informed consent and allowed us to evaluate the effectiveness of 10 identified food plants usually used for self-medication. They were divided into two groups: Group 1 comprised of 42 diabetic patients who regularly consume certain of these food plants, and Group 2 included 58 patients who were town-dwellers and did not regularly eat these identified food plants.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>It was recorded that the onset of diabetes in patients were at about 70 years and 45 years for Group 1 and Group 2 respectively. Hence, a relationship was demonstrated between the onset of diabetes and the consumption of food plants. They contributed to the prevention and/or the delay in clinical manifestations.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Further investigations and/or clinical trials involving a large number of both type 1 and type 2 diabetics are needed to describe the therapeutic action of many food plants against diabetes. However, this study provides scientific support for the use of herbal medicines in the management of diabetes.</p>","PeriodicalId":93079,"journal":{"name":"Bioactive compounds in health and disease","volume":"2 2","pages":"11-26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7451804/pdf/nihms-1022219.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38326357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Endometriosis, an inflammatory, non-lethal, non-malignant disease, still has unjustified etiology. Among many, the theory dealing with this review claims that a suppressed or incompetent immune system that is totally unable to eradicate the non-hemopoietic mesenchymal endometriotic stem cell (MESC) escapes immune surveillance. As a result, there is migration and invasion of the aforementioned cell to ectopic tissues causing the disease. Keywords: bioactive compounds, functional foods, endometriosis, orthomolecular medicine, mesenchymal endometriotic stem cell (MESC), immune system
{"title":"The immunological impact of orthomolecular medicine using bioactive compounds as key factors in endometriosis","authors":"A. Vlachos, S. Vassiliadis","doi":"10.31989/BCHD.V2I1.555","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31989/BCHD.V2I1.555","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Endometriosis, an inflammatory, non-lethal, non-malignant disease, still has unjustified etiology. Among many, the theory dealing with this review claims that a suppressed or incompetent immune system that is totally unable to eradicate the non-hemopoietic mesenchymal endometriotic stem cell (MESC) escapes immune surveillance. As a result, there is migration and invasion of the aforementioned cell to ectopic tissues causing the disease. Keywords: bioactive compounds, functional foods, endometriosis, orthomolecular medicine, mesenchymal endometriotic stem cell (MESC), immune system","PeriodicalId":93079,"journal":{"name":"Bioactive compounds in health and disease","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49256720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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