Pub Date : 2019-06-24DOI: 10.31031/nacs.2019.03.000552
R. Solleti, J. C. Machado
{"title":"New Ultrasonic Techniques for Colorectal Cancer Imaging","authors":"R. Solleti, J. C. Machado","doi":"10.31031/nacs.2019.03.000552","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/nacs.2019.03.000552","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93131,"journal":{"name":"Novel approaches in cancer study","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47308568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-24DOI: 10.31031/NACS.2019.02.000552
R. Soletti
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer diagnosed in the world and the second cancer-related cause of mortality in both men and women [1]. Despite of being about three times more incident in transitioned countries, the mortality rates for CRC are higher in transitioning countries, and these two discrepancies reflect that improvements in survival are due to the adoption of best practices in cancer treatment and management [2]. CRC presents a variation of incidence trends in different geographic regions: increasing incidence in some countries (such as China, Russia, Canada, The United Kingdom and Brazil) and decreasing incidence in others (including The United States, France and Japan) [3]. However, the overall declines in CRC incidence in countries such as The United States are masking an increasing incidence in young adults: from the mid1980 through 2013, rates of CRC incidence increased by 2.4% per year in adults aged 20-29 years and by 1.0% per year in adults aged 30-39 years [4]. It is estimated that by 2030 the incidence rates for colon and rectal cancer in the US population will increase by 90% and 124%, respectively, for patients 20 to 34 years of age [5]. The declining CRC incidence in groups aged older than 50 years may be a reflect from the widespread screening in this population, which rose from 38% in 2000 to 59% in 2013 [6]. Fecal occult blood tests, flexible sigmoidoscopy and colonoscopy were the most common screening test modalities among older adults in The United States until 2005 [7]. By 2005, colonoscopy had become the most common imaging screening test modality for CRC in older adults [7], with its use among US adults aged 50 years and older reaching 60% in 2015 [8].
{"title":"New Ultrasonic Techniques for Colorectal Cancer Imaging","authors":"R. Soletti","doi":"10.31031/NACS.2019.02.000552","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/NACS.2019.02.000552","url":null,"abstract":"Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer diagnosed in the world and the second cancer-related cause of mortality in both men and women [1]. Despite of being about three times more incident in transitioned countries, the mortality rates for CRC are higher in transitioning countries, and these two discrepancies reflect that improvements in survival are due to the adoption of best practices in cancer treatment and management [2]. CRC presents a variation of incidence trends in different geographic regions: increasing incidence in some countries (such as China, Russia, Canada, The United Kingdom and Brazil) and decreasing incidence in others (including The United States, France and Japan) [3]. However, the overall declines in CRC incidence in countries such as The United States are masking an increasing incidence in young adults: from the mid1980 through 2013, rates of CRC incidence increased by 2.4% per year in adults aged 20-29 years and by 1.0% per year in adults aged 30-39 years [4]. It is estimated that by 2030 the incidence rates for colon and rectal cancer in the US population will increase by 90% and 124%, respectively, for patients 20 to 34 years of age [5]. The declining CRC incidence in groups aged older than 50 years may be a reflect from the widespread screening in this population, which rose from 38% in 2000 to 59% in 2013 [6]. Fecal occult blood tests, flexible sigmoidoscopy and colonoscopy were the most common screening test modalities among older adults in The United States until 2005 [7]. By 2005, colonoscopy had become the most common imaging screening test modality for CRC in older adults [7], with its use among US adults aged 50 years and older reaching 60% in 2015 [8].","PeriodicalId":93131,"journal":{"name":"Novel approaches in cancer study","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49400883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-19DOI: 10.31031/NACS.2019.03.000551
Ivan Gonzalez, A. Pinto, Sergio Cuellar, J. Earl
The use of blood samples as liquid biopsy for cancer diagnosis offers benefits over traditional tissue biopsy. Tumor cells are shed from primary distant sites in the bloodstream to circulate, becoming biomarkers of interest for cancer prognostics, monitoring treatment response in personalized medicine and contain information about possible specific mutations of a tumor Thus, isolation of viable circulating tumor cells (CTCs) is essential for liquid biopsy, which has shown to be an efficient alternative to tissue biopsy [1]. Chemotherapy and other therapy treatments, as well as mechanisms of treatment resistance can be monitored through the analysis of CTCs. However, isolation of CTCs from blood is nontrivial due to their extreme rarity in comparison to the blood cells [2].
{"title":"The Acoustic Technology for Ctcs Isolation in Blood: Low-Cost Devices","authors":"Ivan Gonzalez, A. Pinto, Sergio Cuellar, J. Earl","doi":"10.31031/NACS.2019.03.000551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/NACS.2019.03.000551","url":null,"abstract":"The use of blood samples as liquid biopsy for cancer diagnosis offers benefits over traditional tissue biopsy. Tumor cells are shed from primary distant sites in the bloodstream to circulate, becoming biomarkers of interest for cancer prognostics, monitoring treatment response in personalized medicine and contain information about possible specific mutations of a tumor Thus, isolation of viable circulating tumor cells (CTCs) is essential for liquid biopsy, which has shown to be an efficient alternative to tissue biopsy [1]. Chemotherapy and other therapy treatments, as well as mechanisms of treatment resistance can be monitored through the analysis of CTCs. However, isolation of CTCs from blood is nontrivial due to their extreme rarity in comparison to the blood cells [2].","PeriodicalId":93131,"journal":{"name":"Novel approaches in cancer study","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46442666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-17DOI: 10.31031/NACS.2019.02.000550
Icíar González Gómez, A. R. Fernandez, L. Rodríguez-Lorenzo, Alberto Pinto del Corral, Luis M. Hérnandez, J. F. Díaz-Alejo, V. Olmos, C. Perna, J. Earl
Iciar González Gómez1, Antonio Ramos Fernández1, Luis M Rodríguez-Lorenzo2, Alberto Pinto del Corral1, Luis Hernández1, Jesús Frutos Díaz-Alejo3, Vanessa Pachón Olmos4, Cristian Perna5 and Julie Earl3,6* 1Institute of Physical and Information Technologies (ITEFI), CSIC, Madrid, Spain 2Institute of Science and Technology of Polymers (ICTP-CSIC), Madrid, Spain 3Molecular Epidemiology and Predictive tumor markers group, Ramón y Cajal Health Research Institute (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
Iciar González Gómez1, Antonio Ramos Fernández1, Luis M Rodríguez-Lorenzo2, Alberto Pinto del Corral1, Luis Hernández1, Jesús Frutos Díaz-Alejo3, Vanessa Pachón Olmos4, Cristian Perna5和Julie Earl3,6* 1物理与信息技术研究所(ITEFI)， CSIC，西班牙马德里2聚合物科学与技术研究所(ICTP-CSIC)，西班牙马德里3分子流行病学和预测肿瘤标志物组，Ramón y Cajal健康研究所(IRYCIS)，西班牙马德里
{"title":"Ultrasound Technology as a Novel Treatment Strategy in Pancreatic Cancer","authors":"Icíar González Gómez, A. R. Fernandez, L. Rodríguez-Lorenzo, Alberto Pinto del Corral, Luis M. Hérnandez, J. F. Díaz-Alejo, V. Olmos, C. Perna, J. Earl","doi":"10.31031/NACS.2019.02.000550","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/NACS.2019.02.000550","url":null,"abstract":"Iciar González Gómez1, Antonio Ramos Fernández1, Luis M Rodríguez-Lorenzo2, Alberto Pinto del Corral1, Luis Hernández1, Jesús Frutos Díaz-Alejo3, Vanessa Pachón Olmos4, Cristian Perna5 and Julie Earl3,6* 1Institute of Physical and Information Technologies (ITEFI), CSIC, Madrid, Spain 2Institute of Science and Technology of Polymers (ICTP-CSIC), Madrid, Spain 3Molecular Epidemiology and Predictive tumor markers group, Ramón y Cajal Health Research Institute (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain","PeriodicalId":93131,"journal":{"name":"Novel approaches in cancer study","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42636948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-06-11DOI: 10.31031/NACS.2019.02.000549
D. Amsterdam
Of the multiple approaches to cancer therapy, few are as complex as those regimens that encompass immune-based agents. Immunotherapeutic approaches have been the central focus of medical investigators for the past several years. This advance in oncologic care is highlighted by the recognition of the Nobel commission in awarding the 2018 Nobel prize to Allison and Honjo [1]. Their seminal work concentrated on an immunotherapeutic approach to combatting cancers via immune checkpoint receptors’ enhancement of the adaptive immune system. A previous review emphasized the potential role of checkpoint inhibitors in the treatment and cure of HIV also through enhancement of adaptive immune function to counter this virus [2].
{"title":"Limitations of Immunotherapeutic Approaches for Cancer Treatment","authors":"D. Amsterdam","doi":"10.31031/NACS.2019.02.000549","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/NACS.2019.02.000549","url":null,"abstract":"Of the multiple approaches to cancer therapy, few are as complex as those regimens that encompass immune-based agents. Immunotherapeutic approaches have been the central focus of medical investigators for the past several years. This advance in oncologic care is highlighted by the recognition of the Nobel commission in awarding the 2018 Nobel prize to Allison and Honjo [1]. Their seminal work concentrated on an immunotherapeutic approach to combatting cancers via immune checkpoint receptors’ enhancement of the adaptive immune system. A previous review emphasized the potential role of checkpoint inhibitors in the treatment and cure of HIV also through enhancement of adaptive immune function to counter this virus [2].","PeriodicalId":93131,"journal":{"name":"Novel approaches in cancer study","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46949441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-21DOI: 10.31031/NACS.2019.02.000548
H. Sabit, S. Abdel-Ghany, E. Çevik, Ferhad Serag El-Deen
Cancer is a large group of more 100 different diseases that can arise anywhere in the human body [1-3]. It involves uncontrolled cellular proliferation, with the potential to invade or spread to other parts of the body [4]. Cancer is considered the second common leading cause of death worldwide. This condition was responsible for about 9.6 million deaths in 2018, where about 1 in 6 deaths is due to cancer [5]. Cancer arises from accumulation of genetic mutations and/or epigenetic mutations [6,7]. Several genes are involved in the carcinogenesis process, and they are reported elsewhere. The most common causes of cancer are epimutations, where environmental pollutions are the main players [8,9]. Epigenetics is a kind of non-sequence dependent inheritance, where a change in the DNA methylation, histone modification, among others, might cause cancer to develop [10-12]. Different mechanisms are involved in epigenetic-mediated carcinogenesis, each of them was extensively studied during the last four decades [6]. Interestingly, newly developed epigenetic-based cancer therapies provide unique and validated approach to treat different types of cancers [13,14].
{"title":"Cancer Epigenetics: Shifting to More Deep Action","authors":"H. Sabit, S. Abdel-Ghany, E. Çevik, Ferhad Serag El-Deen","doi":"10.31031/NACS.2019.02.000548","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/NACS.2019.02.000548","url":null,"abstract":"Cancer is a large group of more 100 different diseases that can arise anywhere in the human body [1-3]. It involves uncontrolled cellular proliferation, with the potential to invade or spread to other parts of the body [4]. Cancer is considered the second common leading cause of death worldwide. This condition was responsible for about 9.6 million deaths in 2018, where about 1 in 6 deaths is due to cancer [5]. Cancer arises from accumulation of genetic mutations and/or epigenetic mutations [6,7]. Several genes are involved in the carcinogenesis process, and they are reported elsewhere. The most common causes of cancer are epimutations, where environmental pollutions are the main players [8,9]. Epigenetics is a kind of non-sequence dependent inheritance, where a change in the DNA methylation, histone modification, among others, might cause cancer to develop [10-12]. Different mechanisms are involved in epigenetic-mediated carcinogenesis, each of them was extensively studied during the last four decades [6]. Interestingly, newly developed epigenetic-based cancer therapies provide unique and validated approach to treat different types of cancers [13,14].","PeriodicalId":93131,"journal":{"name":"Novel approaches in cancer study","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42392994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-21DOI: 10.31031/NACS.2019.02.000547
Ramesh Sharma
It is normally believed that the most causes of short breathing are due to heart and lung conditions, say asthma or allergic reactions or heart attack or low blood pressure or anemia or pneumonia or carbon monoxide poisoning or upper airway obstruction or blood clot in lungs; but chronic shortness of breath is most often due to asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, obesity, and lung diseases including the cancer of organ [1]. At this point the question arises, whether the chronic dyspnea (shortness of breath) is the symptom of lung cancer or might be its possible cause. However, it is found that people with advanced cancer (not only lung cancer) often get shortness of breath or dyspnea [2]. Therefore, the raised question is more generalized; whether chronic dyspnea is a cause or just a symptom of cancer. In other words, question arises, whether the dyspnea is the result of carcinogenic conditions in or cancer is caused by dyspnea state of the body. In 1986, Desigan et al. [3] tried to correlate progressive shortness of breath with manifestation of occult gastric cancer and stated that progressive shortness of breath may be the first or only manifestation of occult gastric cancer caused by either lymphangitic carcinomatosis or microscopic tumor emboli to the lungs. In this context, a further question arises, whether Desigan [3] statement might be generalized for various carcinogenic conditions in body. That means, might it be a true statement: progressive shortness of breath is the major manifestation of cancer or cancer is often manifested by progressive shortness of breath.
{"title":"Cancer Might be Manifested by Short Breathing","authors":"Ramesh Sharma","doi":"10.31031/NACS.2019.02.000547","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/NACS.2019.02.000547","url":null,"abstract":"It is normally believed that the most causes of short breathing are due to heart and lung conditions, say asthma or allergic reactions or heart attack or low blood pressure or anemia or pneumonia or carbon monoxide poisoning or upper airway obstruction or blood clot in lungs; but chronic shortness of breath is most often due to asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, obesity, and lung diseases including the cancer of organ [1]. At this point the question arises, whether the chronic dyspnea (shortness of breath) is the symptom of lung cancer or might be its possible cause. However, it is found that people with advanced cancer (not only lung cancer) often get shortness of breath or dyspnea [2]. Therefore, the raised question is more generalized; whether chronic dyspnea is a cause or just a symptom of cancer. In other words, question arises, whether the dyspnea is the result of carcinogenic conditions in or cancer is caused by dyspnea state of the body. In 1986, Desigan et al. [3] tried to correlate progressive shortness of breath with manifestation of occult gastric cancer and stated that progressive shortness of breath may be the first or only manifestation of occult gastric cancer caused by either lymphangitic carcinomatosis or microscopic tumor emboli to the lungs. In this context, a further question arises, whether Desigan [3] statement might be generalized for various carcinogenic conditions in body. That means, might it be a true statement: progressive shortness of breath is the major manifestation of cancer or cancer is often manifested by progressive shortness of breath.","PeriodicalId":93131,"journal":{"name":"Novel approaches in cancer study","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45019614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-16DOI: 10.31031/NACS.2019.02.000546
I. Makhoul, T. KieberEmmons
Breast cancer is a spectrum of many subtypes with distinct biological features that lead to differences in response patterns to various treatment modalities and clinical outcomes. Gene expression profiling has led to the molecular classification of breast cancer characterized by intrinsic subtypes: basal-like, HER2-positive, luminal-A, and luminal-B [1]. Up until recently, the subtypes were frequently treated as similar entities. However, there are obvious differences in subtype biological and prognostic characteristics. These differences are clearly evident in the neoadjuvant setting with pathological complete response (pCR) rates being the surrogate marker of efficacy to a therapeutic regime [2,3].
{"title":"A Molecular Perspective of Clinical Benefit: Why Shouldn’t Luminal a Breast Cancer Patients be Considered in Pathological Complete Response Discussions","authors":"I. Makhoul, T. KieberEmmons","doi":"10.31031/NACS.2019.02.000546","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/NACS.2019.02.000546","url":null,"abstract":"Breast cancer is a spectrum of many subtypes with distinct biological features that lead to differences in response patterns to various treatment modalities and clinical outcomes. Gene expression profiling has led to the molecular classification of breast cancer characterized by intrinsic subtypes: basal-like, HER2-positive, luminal-A, and luminal-B [1]. Up until recently, the subtypes were frequently treated as similar entities. However, there are obvious differences in subtype biological and prognostic characteristics. These differences are clearly evident in the neoadjuvant setting with pathological complete response (pCR) rates being the surrogate marker of efficacy to a therapeutic regime [2,3].","PeriodicalId":93131,"journal":{"name":"Novel approaches in cancer study","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47979251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-09DOI: 10.31031/NACS.2019.02.000545
R. Kumari
With the advent of new technologies over the decades the field of Cancer Research has reached its pinnacle of success. Despite the success of basic and pre-clinical cancer research most of the clinical trials do not succeed with expected outcome. Basically, pre-clinical studies play an enormously important role when it comes to decide whether a drug is safe, effective, and ready for clinical trials or not. The evaluation of human specific drugs through pre-clinical studies is extremely crucial for the success of clinical trials. Unfortunately, the translatability of pre-clinical cancer research is significantly low than other therapeutic areas [1-2]. It is now a well-established fact that the clinical trials in cancer have the highest failure rate. Indeed, many significant pre-clinical findings based on which the clinical trials are designed are not actually reproducible [1]. Consequently, there is an urgent need to revisit the pre-clinical cancer research strategies to achieve a greater clinical success.
{"title":"Bridging the Gap between Pre-Clinical and Clinical Studies in Cancer Research","authors":"R. Kumari","doi":"10.31031/NACS.2019.02.000545","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/NACS.2019.02.000545","url":null,"abstract":"With the advent of new technologies over the decades the field of Cancer Research has reached its pinnacle of success. Despite the success of basic and pre-clinical cancer research most of the clinical trials do not succeed with expected outcome. Basically, pre-clinical studies play an enormously important role when it comes to decide whether a drug is safe, effective, and ready for clinical trials or not. The evaluation of human specific drugs through pre-clinical studies is extremely crucial for the success of clinical trials. Unfortunately, the translatability of pre-clinical cancer research is significantly low than other therapeutic areas [1-2]. It is now a well-established fact that the clinical trials in cancer have the highest failure rate. Indeed, many significant pre-clinical findings based on which the clinical trials are designed are not actually reproducible [1]. Consequently, there is an urgent need to revisit the pre-clinical cancer research strategies to achieve a greater clinical success.","PeriodicalId":93131,"journal":{"name":"Novel approaches in cancer study","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48602404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-07DOI: 10.31031/NACS.2019.02.000544
A. Luciano, F. Malizia, Menacho Mm
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer in males and the second in females, with 1.8 million new cases and almost 861,000 deaths in 2018 [1]. CRC is often diagnosed at advanced stages, when the probability of development of distal or local recurrence due to chemotherapy resistance is more elevated [2,3]. The common protocol of CRC treatment consists in a primary surgical resection of the tumor, followed by radiotherapy and/or adjuvant chemotherapy. Since the 1950s, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) remains the mainstay of chemotherapy [4,5]. In the recent years other drugs have been developed and used in combination with 5-FU such as oxaliplatin, irinotecan and capecitabine [6]. The use of new monoclonal antibodies such as Bevacizumab and Cetuximab has also allowed great advances in therapies [7]. However, almost half of patients with advanced CRC are resistant to chemotherapies based on 5-FU [8]. To counter this situation new strategies are being implemented; these include improved early diagnosis (down-staging), discovery of reliable predictive biomarkers and development of novel drugs/drug combinations.
{"title":"Modern Strategies in Cancer Study: Drug Repositioning in Colorectal Cancer Treatment","authors":"A. Luciano, F. Malizia, Menacho Mm","doi":"10.31031/NACS.2019.02.000544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31031/NACS.2019.02.000544","url":null,"abstract":"Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer in males and the second in females, with 1.8 million new cases and almost 861,000 deaths in 2018 [1]. CRC is often diagnosed at advanced stages, when the probability of development of distal or local recurrence due to chemotherapy resistance is more elevated [2,3]. The common protocol of CRC treatment consists in a primary surgical resection of the tumor, followed by radiotherapy and/or adjuvant chemotherapy. Since the 1950s, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) remains the mainstay of chemotherapy [4,5]. In the recent years other drugs have been developed and used in combination with 5-FU such as oxaliplatin, irinotecan and capecitabine [6]. The use of new monoclonal antibodies such as Bevacizumab and Cetuximab has also allowed great advances in therapies [7]. However, almost half of patients with advanced CRC are resistant to chemotherapies based on 5-FU [8]. To counter this situation new strategies are being implemented; these include improved early diagnosis (down-staging), discovery of reliable predictive biomarkers and development of novel drugs/drug combinations.","PeriodicalId":93131,"journal":{"name":"Novel approaches in cancer study","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41379889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：