Pub Date : 2020-08-31DOI: 10.33552/AUN.2020.02.000531
Hashmi Mn
Bleeding complication from Central dialysis catheter is rare. Usually it settles in short time after procedure. If patient is on antiplatelet therapy it can sometimes last for 24-48 hours and stops with pressure dressing. We report a rare case of ongoing (>96 hour post procedure) bleeding from dialysis catheter exit site and investigation revealed the cause was iliac vein laceration.
{"title":"\"External Iliac Vein Laceration-A Rare Complication of Tunneled Dialysis Catheter\"","authors":"Hashmi Mn","doi":"10.33552/AUN.2020.02.000531","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33552/AUN.2020.02.000531","url":null,"abstract":"Bleeding complication from Central dialysis catheter is rare. Usually it settles in short time after procedure. If patient is on antiplatelet therapy it can sometimes last for 24-48 hours and stops with pressure dressing. We report a rare case of ongoing (>96 hour post procedure) bleeding from dialysis catheter exit site and investigation revealed the cause was iliac vein laceration.","PeriodicalId":93263,"journal":{"name":"Annals of urology & nephrology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45688435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-17DOI: 10.33552/AUN.2020.02.000530
J. Barzilay
Albuminuria the presence of more than 30 mg of alumin per one gram of creatinine in the urine is highly prevalent in older adults. Based on data from the NHANES III study, more than 20% of adults over the age of 70 years have albuminuria, while among similarly aged adults with diabetes the prevalence reaches 40% [1,2]. To date, most studies have examined albuminuria as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. We too have found albuminuria to be associated with a 70-80% increased prevalence of cardiovascular disease [3] and a doubling of mortality risk (mostly cardiovascular in nature) [4] as compared to older people without microalbuminuria.
{"title":"\"Albuminuria in the Elderly More than a Marker of Renal or Cardiovascular Disease\"","authors":"J. Barzilay","doi":"10.33552/AUN.2020.02.000530","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33552/AUN.2020.02.000530","url":null,"abstract":"Albuminuria the presence of more than 30 mg of alumin per one gram of creatinine in the urine is highly prevalent in older adults. Based on data from the NHANES III study, more than 20% of adults over the age of 70 years have albuminuria, while among similarly aged adults with diabetes the prevalence reaches 40% [1,2]. To date, most studies have examined albuminuria as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. We too have found albuminuria to be associated with a 70-80% increased prevalence of cardiovascular disease [3] and a doubling of mortality risk (mostly cardiovascular in nature) [4] as compared to older people without microalbuminuria.","PeriodicalId":93263,"journal":{"name":"Annals of urology & nephrology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48150067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-08DOI: 10.33552/AUN.2020.02.000529
Yu Zhao
Invasive mole (IM), a malignant tumor, is a form of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN), which are characterized by invasive hydatid tissue into the myometrium or distant metastasis [1]. The most common transfer locations for IM are the vagina, lungs and brain. The most common symptom of IM is irregular vaginal bleeding, but further symptoms caused by bleeding in the metastases may also be detected, such as hemoptysis and neurological symptoms [2]. Myometrial invasion, swollen villi and hyperplastic trophoblast are often considered to be the pathological features of IM. IM′s clinical diagnosis mainly depends on medical history, clinical symptoms, laboratory tests and examination using imaging. Pathological results are the most essential basis for diagnosis. Good prognosis based on timely and comprehensive chemotherapy [3]. In this report, we describe a patient presenting with NS in which the underlying diagnosis of IM was made by a combination of chance and a high level of clinical suspicion, and to improve patient care amongst internists by heightening awareness of this uncommon condition.
{"title":"Invasive Mole with Nephrotic Syndrome: A Case Report with Literature Review","authors":"Yu Zhao","doi":"10.33552/AUN.2020.02.000529","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33552/AUN.2020.02.000529","url":null,"abstract":"Invasive mole (IM), a malignant tumor, is a form of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN), which are characterized by invasive hydatid tissue into the myometrium or distant metastasis [1]. The most common transfer locations for IM are the vagina, lungs and brain. The most common symptom of IM is irregular vaginal bleeding, but further symptoms caused by bleeding in the metastases may also be detected, such as hemoptysis and neurological symptoms [2]. Myometrial invasion, swollen villi and hyperplastic trophoblast are often considered to be the pathological features of IM. IM′s clinical diagnosis mainly depends on medical history, clinical symptoms, laboratory tests and examination using imaging. Pathological results are the most essential basis for diagnosis. Good prognosis based on timely and comprehensive chemotherapy [3]. In this report, we describe a patient presenting with NS in which the underlying diagnosis of IM was made by a combination of chance and a high level of clinical suspicion, and to improve patient care amongst internists by heightening awareness of this uncommon condition.","PeriodicalId":93263,"journal":{"name":"Annals of urology & nephrology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48973496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-29DOI: 10.33552/AUN.2020.02.000528
Á. Pethő
Nephrotoxicity caused by medication could limit the treatment success. In multiple malignancies are playing crucial role the anti-cancer drugs which have well known nephrotoxicity. Using the conventional chemotherapies acute kidney injury could develop but not in all patients who are suffering cancers. In these patients will acute tubulointerstitial nephritis or rarely nephrotic syndrome occur. The onco-pharmacology is an intensively investigated field. In the recent decade’s novel therapies founded. The new treatments in oncology have more targeted affect on cancer cells. These drugs will be modifying the whole immune system with the fine balance between cancer surveillance and preserving self-tolerance. The immune checkpoint inhibitors have superior anti-cancer therapeutic affect but new, until unknown complication raised. In this mini review we will discuss the most acute kidney injuries during chemotherapy.
{"title":"New Treatment New Complication – Mini Review","authors":"Á. Pethő","doi":"10.33552/AUN.2020.02.000528","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33552/AUN.2020.02.000528","url":null,"abstract":"Nephrotoxicity caused by medication could limit the treatment success. In multiple malignancies are playing crucial role the anti-cancer drugs which have well known nephrotoxicity. Using the conventional chemotherapies acute kidney injury could develop but not in all patients who are suffering cancers. In these patients will acute tubulointerstitial nephritis or rarely nephrotic syndrome occur. The onco-pharmacology is an intensively investigated field. In the recent decade’s novel therapies founded. The new treatments in oncology have more targeted affect on cancer cells. These drugs will be modifying the whole immune system with the fine balance between cancer surveillance and preserving self-tolerance. The immune checkpoint inhibitors have superior anti-cancer therapeutic affect but new, until unknown complication raised. In this mini review we will discuss the most acute kidney injuries during chemotherapy.","PeriodicalId":93263,"journal":{"name":"Annals of urology & nephrology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43204406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-19DOI: 10.33552/aun.2020.01.000525
S. Bechis, Daniel G Kronenberg, R. Shapiro, D. Friedlander, R. Sur
Purpose: The growing incidence of acute nephrolithiasis has increased the burden on healthcare. We sought to assess the time-course of acute stone disease treatment from symptom onset to spontaneous passage or definitive treatment to better characterize the current state of management and identify areas for improvement. Methods: We performed a retrospective review of patients treated for acute nephrolithiasis from August 2016 until February 2017. Patients were included if they had symptomatic renal or ureteral stones, evaluation by urology, and documented resolution by spontaneous passage or surgery. Primary outcome was the time from initial presentation at the Emergency Department (ED) to procedure or passage. Secondary outcomes included time to outpatient evaluation by urology and delays to procedure scheduling greater than 14 days. Results: 61 patients (41% female) met selection criteria. Median time from initial presentation to procedure or stone passage was 45 or 26 days, respectively. Median time from ED to clinic visit was 12.5 days. Time from clinic visit to procedure or spontaneous passage was 29 or 16 days, respectively. 38 patients (62%) had documented causes for delay in treatment. Of this cohort, 22 (58%) were due to provider availability issues, 8 (21%) had contraindications to surgery, and 8 (21%) had patient-related delays. Conclusion: Prolonged time to treatment of acute nephrolithiasis occurred in 30 (49%) of the cohort due to provider availability and patient- specific delays. Developing initiatives to expedite management through improved patient education and operating room availability may help reduce healthcare costs and patient discomfort. ,2020
{"title":"Understanding the Time-Course of Nephrolithiasis Management","authors":"S. Bechis, Daniel G Kronenberg, R. Shapiro, D. Friedlander, R. Sur","doi":"10.33552/aun.2020.01.000525","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33552/aun.2020.01.000525","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The growing incidence of acute nephrolithiasis has increased the burden on healthcare. We sought to assess the time-course of acute stone disease treatment from symptom onset to spontaneous passage or definitive treatment to better characterize the current state of management and identify areas for improvement. Methods: We performed a retrospective review of patients treated for acute nephrolithiasis from August 2016 until February 2017. Patients were included if they had symptomatic renal or ureteral stones, evaluation by urology, and documented resolution by spontaneous passage or surgery. Primary outcome was the time from initial presentation at the Emergency Department (ED) to procedure or passage. Secondary outcomes included time to outpatient evaluation by urology and delays to procedure scheduling greater than 14 days. Results: 61 patients (41% female) met selection criteria. Median time from initial presentation to procedure or stone passage was 45 or 26 days, respectively. Median time from ED to clinic visit was 12.5 days. Time from clinic visit to procedure or spontaneous passage was 29 or 16 days, respectively. 38 patients (62%) had documented causes for delay in treatment. Of this cohort, 22 (58%) were due to provider availability issues, 8 (21%) had contraindications to surgery, and 8 (21%) had patient-related delays. Conclusion: Prolonged time to treatment of acute nephrolithiasis occurred in 30 (49%) of the cohort due to provider availability and patient- specific delays. Developing initiatives to expedite management through improved patient education and operating room availability may help reduce healthcare costs and patient discomfort. ,2020","PeriodicalId":93263,"journal":{"name":"Annals of urology & nephrology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47334802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-25DOI: 10.33552/aun.2020.01.000524
Haiyan Xu, Xiaozhou He
Kidney transplantation (KT x ) is the optimum therapy for end-stage renal diseases. However, long-term usage of immunosuppressive agents results in various toxicities and side effects, which has been a major obstacle for recipients. How to reduce the dosages of immunosuppressive agents has become a problem that desperately needs to be solved. Among potential methods, cell therapy has great potential, and regulatory dendritic cells (DC reg ) have attracted special attention for their tolerogenic ability. Currently, some DC-based clinical trials are ongoing or have been completed at several research centers, including an immune tolerance trial in KT x named “The One Study”, in which autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated and stimulated with low doses of GM-CSF or immunosuppressive agents. DC reg generated with different induction methods or from different cell sources may function in different ways in different organs. After surgery, kidney allografts become the focus of attacks by the immune system and form a specific immune microenvironment. Can DC reg successfully induce immune tolerance in KT x recipients? In the present manuscript, we comprehensively analyzed the potential of DC reg in KT x from the perspective of kidney immunology.
肾移植（KTx）是治疗终末期肾脏疾病的最佳方法。然而，长期使用免疫抑制剂会导致各种毒性和副作用，这一直是受体的主要障碍。如何减少免疫抑制剂的剂量已成为一个迫切需要解决的问题。在潜在的方法中，细胞治疗具有巨大的潜力，而调节性树突状细胞（DC-reg）因其耐受能力而受到特别关注。目前，一些基于DC的临床试验正在几个研究中心进行或已经完成，包括在KT x进行的名为“The One Study”的免疫耐受试验，其中分离自体外周血单核细胞，并用低剂量的GM-CSF或免疫抑制剂刺激。用不同的诱导方法或从不同的细胞来源产生的DC reg在不同的器官中可能以不同的方式发挥作用。手术后，同种异体肾成为免疫系统攻击的焦点，并形成特定的免疫微环境。DC-reg能成功诱导KTx受体的免疫耐受吗？在本文中，我们从肾脏免疫学的角度全面分析了DC-reg在KTX中的潜力。
{"title":"Analysis of the Application of Regulatory Dendritic Cells in Kidney Transplantation","authors":"Haiyan Xu, Xiaozhou He","doi":"10.33552/aun.2020.01.000524","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33552/aun.2020.01.000524","url":null,"abstract":"Kidney transplantation (KT x ) is the optimum therapy for end-stage renal diseases. However, long-term usage of immunosuppressive agents results in various toxicities and side effects, which has been a major obstacle for recipients. How to reduce the dosages of immunosuppressive agents has become a problem that desperately needs to be solved. Among potential methods, cell therapy has great potential, and regulatory dendritic cells (DC reg ) have attracted special attention for their tolerogenic ability. Currently, some DC-based clinical trials are ongoing or have been completed at several research centers, including an immune tolerance trial in KT x named “The One Study”, in which autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated and stimulated with low doses of GM-CSF or immunosuppressive agents. DC reg generated with different induction methods or from different cell sources may function in different ways in different organs. After surgery, kidney allografts become the focus of attacks by the immune system and form a specific immune microenvironment. Can DC reg successfully induce immune tolerance in KT x recipients? In the present manuscript, we comprehensively analyzed the potential of DC reg in KT x from the perspective of kidney immunology.","PeriodicalId":93263,"journal":{"name":"Annals of urology & nephrology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47464670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.33552/AUN.2020.02.000527
S. Sathi
Hyperkalemia is a potentially lethal electrolyte disorder, encountered by nephrologists and intensivists in emergency department. Symptoms of hyperkalemia are often nonspecific and can ocassionally lead to life threatening cardiac arrhythmia. Here, we report the case of an 86 years old diabetic female who presented with acute kidney injury and severe hyperkalemia with serum potassium (9.3 mg/dl) that was out of proportion to fall in estimated glomerular filtration rate (23.5 ml/min/1.73m2 ). Additional analyses revealed high anion gap metabolic acidosis. The electrocardiogram showed sine-wave pattern of severe hyperkalemia. Echocardiography showed ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy with left ventricular ejection fraction 30%. The electrocardiogram did not normalize with the conservative medical treatment. Hemodialysis was initiated immediately and patient developed ventricular tachycardia during hemodialysis but patient was resuscitated successfully.
{"title":"\"Successful Resuscitation of an Elderly Diabetic Patient Having Life Threatening Acute Severe Hyperkalemia\"","authors":"S. Sathi","doi":"10.33552/AUN.2020.02.000527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33552/AUN.2020.02.000527","url":null,"abstract":"Hyperkalemia is a potentially lethal electrolyte disorder, encountered by nephrologists and intensivists in emergency department. Symptoms of hyperkalemia are often nonspecific and can ocassionally lead to life threatening cardiac arrhythmia. Here, we report the case of an 86 years old diabetic female who presented with acute kidney injury and severe hyperkalemia with serum potassium (9.3 mg/dl) that was out of proportion to fall in estimated glomerular filtration rate (23.5 ml/min/1.73m2 ). Additional analyses revealed high anion gap metabolic acidosis. The electrocardiogram showed sine-wave pattern of severe hyperkalemia. Echocardiography showed ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy with left ventricular ejection fraction 30%. The electrocardiogram did not normalize with the conservative medical treatment. Hemodialysis was initiated immediately and patient developed ventricular tachycardia during hemodialysis but patient was resuscitated successfully.","PeriodicalId":93263,"journal":{"name":"Annals of urology & nephrology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69448810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-15DOI: 10.33552/aun.2019.01.000520
A. Sharkh
{"title":"The Challenge of Detect and Characterize the Early Risk in Living Kidney Donor Transplant Col4a Nephropathy?","authors":"A. Sharkh","doi":"10.33552/aun.2019.01.000520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33552/aun.2019.01.000520","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93263,"journal":{"name":"Annals of urology & nephrology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45186674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-20DOI: 10.33552/aun.2019.01.000518
M. Khalil, Benjamin Schurhamer, M. Kamel
A 57-year female patient presented with a solid left renal mass to the urologic oncology clinic (Figure 1). The renal mass was an incidental finding during investigation for lower back pain. Otherwise, the patient was relatively healthy. We counseled the patient on her treatment options including open versus minimally invasive radical nephrectomy. The patient felt appealed to undergo a robotic left radical nephrectomy. The counselling also involved the potential complications of left radical nephrectomy (whether open/robotic) including injuries to the superior mesenteric artery (SMA), and the potential fatal outcome of such an injury as well as any other injuries involving the Aorta.
{"title":"Vascular Injuries During A Robotic Left Radical Nephrectomy: Case Report","authors":"M. Khalil, Benjamin Schurhamer, M. Kamel","doi":"10.33552/aun.2019.01.000518","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33552/aun.2019.01.000518","url":null,"abstract":"A 57-year female patient presented with a solid left renal mass to the urologic oncology clinic (Figure 1). The renal mass was an incidental finding during investigation for lower back pain. Otherwise, the patient was relatively healthy. We counseled the patient on her treatment options including open versus minimally invasive radical nephrectomy. The patient felt appealed to undergo a robotic left radical nephrectomy. The counselling also involved the potential complications of left radical nephrectomy (whether open/robotic) including injuries to the superior mesenteric artery (SMA), and the potential fatal outcome of such an injury as well as any other injuries involving the Aorta.","PeriodicalId":93263,"journal":{"name":"Annals of urology & nephrology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42577274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-09-20DOI: 10.33552/aun.2019.01.000519
F. Luger, A. Gusenleitner, J. Kaar, C. Mayr, W. Loidl
Micro-Ultrasound is a new imaging modality designed as a replacement for conventional transrectal ultrasound (TRUS). Like conventional TRUS, micro-ultrasound uses an endorectal transducer to produce real-time images of the prostate and surrounding tissue, however operating at 29MHz it does so with a resolution that is 3-fold higher than conventional systems operating at 6-12MHz. This improved resolution gives micro-ultrasound the ability to image structures down to 70 microns, or the average size of the prostate acini, and so resolve tissue-structure detail which is useful in predicting the presence of cancer. First presented in 2013 through a study of radical prostatectomy correlation by Pavlovich CP, et al. [1], micro-ultrasound demonstrated promising improvements over conventional ultrasound in both sensitivity and specificity to predict prostate cancer. This work suffered from a lack of structured interpretation, as it was discovered that the appearance of cancer on microultrasound imaging was more diverse than the simple hypoechoic lesion of conventional ultrasound. Ghai S, et al. [2] provided the required protocol in 2016, along with a retrospective validation using data collected from a biopsy cohort [2]. Since that time, other *Corresponding author: Ferdinand Luger, Department of Urology, Ordensklinikum Krankenhaus der Elisabethinen, Austria. Received Date: September 11, 2019
{"title":"Does 29Mhz Micro-Ultrasound Provide Uniform Diagnostic Accuracy Within and Beyond the Peripheral Zone?","authors":"F. Luger, A. Gusenleitner, J. Kaar, C. Mayr, W. Loidl","doi":"10.33552/aun.2019.01.000519","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33552/aun.2019.01.000519","url":null,"abstract":"Micro-Ultrasound is a new imaging modality designed as a replacement for conventional transrectal ultrasound (TRUS). Like conventional TRUS, micro-ultrasound uses an endorectal transducer to produce real-time images of the prostate and surrounding tissue, however operating at 29MHz it does so with a resolution that is 3-fold higher than conventional systems operating at 6-12MHz. This improved resolution gives micro-ultrasound the ability to image structures down to 70 microns, or the average size of the prostate acini, and so resolve tissue-structure detail which is useful in predicting the presence of cancer. First presented in 2013 through a study of radical prostatectomy correlation by Pavlovich CP, et al. [1], micro-ultrasound demonstrated promising improvements over conventional ultrasound in both sensitivity and specificity to predict prostate cancer. This work suffered from a lack of structured interpretation, as it was discovered that the appearance of cancer on microultrasound imaging was more diverse than the simple hypoechoic lesion of conventional ultrasound. Ghai S, et al. [2] provided the required protocol in 2016, along with a retrospective validation using data collected from a biopsy cohort [2]. Since that time, other *Corresponding author: Ferdinand Luger, Department of Urology, Ordensklinikum Krankenhaus der Elisabethinen, Austria. Received Date: September 11, 2019","PeriodicalId":93263,"journal":{"name":"Annals of urology & nephrology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46095179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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