Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.24985/ijass.2021.33.2.176
Y. Lee
The aim of this study was to assess the eating habits of Korean wrestlers, and to explore the impact of differences in dietary intake on power output performance and blood lactate concentrations. Thirty adult wrestlers with more than seven years of experience each were included, grouped according to their competitive level (national, senior, and university team level). Participants recorded their dietary intake for seven days; nutritional analysis was performed using the CAN-Pro 4.0 software. After the nutritional survey, power output performance (Wingate test) was evaluated and blood parameters, including lactate concentration, were assessed. The wrestlers’ dietary assessments revealed differences in carbohydrate, protein, and fat intake among the groups, as well as differences in the peak power, mean power, and change in peak power, obtained from the Wingate test. Finally, the senior group had a significantly higher and lower lactate concentration than the university group immediately post training and 30 minutes post training, respectively. Follow-up studies should reveal more accurate associations between nutritional intake, nutritional quality, and performance. Finally, considering a study concerning nutrition and weight loss based on the results from this study, including not only wrestlers but also combat sport athletes will benefit nutrition education as well as athletes’ intake and performance.
{"title":"Analysis of Dietary Patterns, Intake, Output Performance, and Blood Lactate Concentration according to Athlete Career : A Study on Elite Korean Wrestlers","authors":"Y. Lee","doi":"10.24985/ijass.2021.33.2.176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24985/ijass.2021.33.2.176","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to assess the eating habits of Korean wrestlers, and to explore the impact of differences in dietary intake on power output performance and blood lactate concentrations. Thirty adult wrestlers with more than seven years of experience each were included, grouped according to their competitive level (national, senior, and university team level). Participants recorded their dietary intake for seven days; nutritional analysis was performed using the CAN-Pro 4.0 software. After the nutritional survey, power output performance (Wingate test) was evaluated and blood parameters, including lactate concentration, were assessed. The wrestlers’ dietary assessments revealed differences in carbohydrate, protein, and fat intake among the groups, as well as differences in the peak power, mean power, and change in peak power, obtained from the Wingate test. Finally, the senior group had a significantly higher and lower lactate concentration than the university group immediately post training and 30 minutes post training, respectively. Follow-up studies should reveal more accurate associations between nutritional intake, nutritional quality, and performance. Finally, considering a study concerning nutrition and weight loss based on the results from this study, including not only wrestlers but also combat sport athletes will benefit nutrition education as well as athletes’ intake and performance.","PeriodicalId":93448,"journal":{"name":"International journal of applied sports sciences : IJASS","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80018672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.24985/ijass.2021.33.2.263
Robert S. Smith
Though the role of emotion has been largely acknowledged across most consumer settings, only recently has this interest transferred to the various contexts in which sports are consumed. The purpose of the present research is to highlight the role of emotions during the viewing of televised sports programming. Across two studies, the manifestation of emotional arousal is empirically established. Additionally, the emotional valence (i.e., the extent to which a stimulus is perceived as affectively positive, neutral, or negative) of marketing stimuli are assessed. A methodology for measuring baseline levels of emotional valence for commercial advertising is outlined. Study 1 is presented in which empirical support is established for the fleeting influence that live sports consumption has upon emotional arousal. This is followed by a review of Study 2, which establishes a methodology for measuring the emotional valence perceived by consumers for embedded commercial advertising. Finally, the practical and research implications of these findings are discussed.
{"title":"Measuring consumer emotions during live sports broadcasts","authors":"Robert S. Smith","doi":"10.24985/ijass.2021.33.2.263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24985/ijass.2021.33.2.263","url":null,"abstract":"Though the role of emotion has been largely acknowledged across most consumer settings, only recently has this interest transferred to the various contexts in which sports are consumed. The purpose of the present research is to highlight the role of emotions during the viewing of televised sports programming. Across two studies, the manifestation of emotional arousal is empirically established. Additionally, the emotional valence (i.e., the extent to which a stimulus is perceived as affectively positive, neutral, or negative) of marketing stimuli are assessed. A methodology for measuring baseline levels of emotional valence for commercial advertising is outlined. Study 1 is presented in which empirical support is established for the fleeting influence that live sports consumption has upon emotional arousal. This is followed by a review of Study 2, which establishes a methodology for measuring the emotional valence perceived by consumers for embedded commercial advertising. Finally, the practical and research implications of these findings are discussed.","PeriodicalId":93448,"journal":{"name":"International journal of applied sports sciences : IJASS","volume":"142 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77014984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.24985/ijass.2021.33.2.197
Byungsung Kim
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of combined static and dynamic stretch as part of warm-up procedures on isokinetic strength, functional movement screen (FMS), flexibility, and agility in Korean national foil fencers. Twelve Korean fencers (mean age 29.3±3.6yrs, Career: 16.6±3.1yrs, Height: 171.4±9.5cm, Weight: 67.3±12.4kg) participated in this study (Male: 7, age 30.0±3.2yrs, Career: 16.7±2.2yrs, Height: 177.1±8.1cm, Weight: 75.1±9.9kg; Female: 5, age 28.4±4.4yrs, Career: 16.4±4.3yrs, Height: 163.4±3.9cm, Weight: 56.3±4.1kg). Fencers measured FMS, isokinetic strength of knee joint, flexibility, agility at pre (1-week) and post (4-week). Fencers performed a warm-up program three times a week for four weeks. As a results, FMS scores (11.8±2.3 to 14.4±1.6, p<0.05), strength of dominant knee flexors (115.5±26.0 to 126.0±26.6, p<0.05), change-step jump (66.0±6.8 to 69.4±5.6, p<0.05), trunk forward flexion (12.0±7.7 to 13.9±6.5, p<0.05) were significantly higher in post-test than pre-test, respectively. However, the results for front-rear step, trunk backward extension were not significant differences between pre-test and post-test. These results suggest that the fencing-specific warm-up program based on stretching is effective on strength of knee flexors, agility by increasing flexibility, improving stability, mobility.
{"title":"The effect of static and dynamic muscle stretching as part of warm-up procedures on stretching on isokinetic strength, functional movement screen, flexibility and agility in Korean national foil fencers","authors":"Byungsung Kim","doi":"10.24985/ijass.2021.33.2.197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24985/ijass.2021.33.2.197","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of combined static and dynamic stretch as part of warm-up procedures on isokinetic strength, functional movement screen (FMS), flexibility, and agility in Korean national foil fencers. Twelve Korean fencers (mean age 29.3±3.6yrs, Career: 16.6±3.1yrs, Height: 171.4±9.5cm, Weight: 67.3±12.4kg) participated in this study (Male: 7, age 30.0±3.2yrs, Career: 16.7±2.2yrs, Height: 177.1±8.1cm, Weight: 75.1±9.9kg; Female: 5, age 28.4±4.4yrs, Career: 16.4±4.3yrs, Height: 163.4±3.9cm, Weight: 56.3±4.1kg). Fencers measured FMS, isokinetic strength of knee joint, flexibility, agility at pre (1-week) and post (4-week). Fencers performed a warm-up program three times a week for four weeks. As a results, FMS scores (11.8±2.3 to 14.4±1.6, p<0.05), strength of dominant knee flexors (115.5±26.0 to 126.0±26.6, p<0.05), change-step jump (66.0±6.8 to 69.4±5.6, p<0.05), trunk forward flexion (12.0±7.7 to 13.9±6.5, p<0.05) were significantly higher in post-test than pre-test, respectively. However, the results for front-rear step, trunk backward extension were not significant differences between pre-test and post-test. These results suggest that the fencing-specific warm-up program based on stretching is effective on strength of knee flexors, agility by increasing flexibility, improving stability, mobility.","PeriodicalId":93448,"journal":{"name":"International journal of applied sports sciences : IJASS","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84642116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.24985/ijass.2021.33.2.119
Timothy W. Hughley
This study examined the effects of an eight-week neuromuscular training (NMT) program on knee valgus angle in African American female athletes. Twenty-six female collegiate athletes participated. NMT group (n=15, 19.6±1.12 years) underwent an intervention training program that included three main components (plyometric and movement, core strengthening and balance, and resistance training). While, control group (n=11, 19.3±1.50 years) underwent the resistance training protocol for eight weeks. We hypothesized the NMT program would significantly decrease knee valgus angles during a drop vertical jump (DVJ) at landing for the NMT group when compared to the control group. Wilcoxon signed rank tests were done on the Pre-and Post-test findings. Results showed maximum valgus angle (VGmax) is significantly decreased (p<.05), and Maximum flexion (Flexmax) is significantly increased during the drop vertical jump in dominant leg (p<.05). The results support the hypothesis that an 8-week NMT program that combines injury prevention-training components can decrease an injury risk factor such as knee valgus in African American female athletes.
{"title":"The Effect of an 8 Week Neuromuscular Training Program on Knee Movement Biomechanics in African American Female Athletes","authors":"Timothy W. Hughley","doi":"10.24985/ijass.2021.33.2.119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24985/ijass.2021.33.2.119","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined the effects of an eight-week neuromuscular training (NMT) program on knee valgus angle in African American female athletes. Twenty-six female collegiate athletes participated. NMT group (n=15, 19.6±1.12 years) underwent an intervention training program that included three main components (plyometric and movement, core strengthening and balance, and resistance training). While, control group (n=11, 19.3±1.50 years) underwent the resistance training protocol for eight weeks. We hypothesized the NMT program would significantly decrease knee valgus angles during a drop vertical jump (DVJ) at landing for the NMT group when compared to the control group. Wilcoxon signed rank tests were done on the Pre-and Post-test findings. Results showed maximum valgus angle (VGmax) is significantly decreased (p<.05), and Maximum flexion (Flexmax) is significantly increased during the drop vertical jump in dominant leg (p<.05). The results support the hypothesis that an 8-week NMT program that combines injury prevention-training components can decrease an injury risk factor such as knee valgus in African American female athletes.","PeriodicalId":93448,"journal":{"name":"International journal of applied sports sciences : IJASS","volume":"82 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89097833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.24985/ijass.2021.33.2.140
Jim F. Schilling
Low back pain is prevalent in sport and the lumbar disc is a pain generator. Conservative care of these physically demanding patients is not consistent as outcome data has not established optimal strategies. Investigating disc injury mechanisms using experimental models will contribute to the creation of treatment strategies that will take into effect movements to avoid and minimize to reduce unwanted strain on the injured tissues throughout the recovery process. Additionally, how disc tissue acquires nutrition would help provide insight into activities that may facilitate the ability of disc tissue to sustain health and promote optimal healing. Rotational forces and compression in trunk-flexed positions may inflict injury to the annulus and endplate structures. Activity to facilitate nutrients through the endplate into the nucleus of the disc and restriction of exasperating movements may be effective in returning athletes to their desired levels of performance efficiently. The purpose of this review is to inquire possible disc injury mechanisms and how they occur in sport. It will also address recommendations for treatment interventions based on disc healing and metabolism evidence.
{"title":"Lumbar Disc Injury: Mechanisms and Intervention Options","authors":"Jim F. Schilling","doi":"10.24985/ijass.2021.33.2.140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24985/ijass.2021.33.2.140","url":null,"abstract":"Low back pain is prevalent in sport and the lumbar disc is a pain generator. Conservative care of these physically demanding patients is not consistent as outcome data has not established optimal strategies. Investigating disc injury mechanisms using experimental models will contribute to the creation of treatment strategies that will take into effect movements to avoid and minimize to reduce unwanted strain on the injured tissues throughout the recovery process. Additionally, how disc tissue acquires nutrition would help provide insight into activities that may facilitate the ability of disc tissue to sustain health and promote optimal healing. Rotational forces and compression in trunk-flexed positions may inflict injury to the annulus and endplate structures. Activity to facilitate nutrients through the endplate into the nucleus of the disc and restriction of exasperating movements may be effective in returning athletes to their desired levels of performance efficiently. The purpose of this review is to inquire possible disc injury mechanisms and how they occur in sport. It will also address recommendations for treatment interventions based on disc healing and metabolism evidence.","PeriodicalId":93448,"journal":{"name":"International journal of applied sports sciences : IJASS","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76903650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.24985/ijass.2021.33.2.206
F. Trudeau
The aim of the present study was to document the process of Long-term Athlete Development (LTAD) adoption by Canadian sport coaches, and to identify predictors of: 1) their attitude and intention to adopt such a social innovation, and 2) their LTAD adoption level. Using Rogers’ innovation diffusion theory, a survey of 499 Canadian coaches was conducted to identify the factors associated with three variables: coaches’ attitude towards LTAD, intention to adopt LTAD, and LTAD adoption status. 279 (56%)(35.4 ± 12.1 years) of them knew LTAD and filled out the entire questionnaire. Perceived knowledge of LTAD, its trialability, observability, intention to adopt, coaches’ certification level, and organisational support were the best predictors of LTAD model adoption level in coaching’ practice (R2=0.579, F9,184=28.32, p<0.001). Coaches in late-developing sports declared having greater knowledge of LTAD, more capacity for its implementation, and lower perceived complexity of application.
{"title":"Diffusion and adoption of the Long-Term Athlete Development model among Canadian coaches","authors":"F. Trudeau","doi":"10.24985/ijass.2021.33.2.206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24985/ijass.2021.33.2.206","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the present study was to document the process of Long-term Athlete Development (LTAD) adoption by Canadian sport coaches, and to identify predictors of: 1) their attitude and intention to adopt such a social innovation, and 2) their LTAD adoption level. Using Rogers’ innovation diffusion theory, a survey of 499 Canadian coaches was conducted to identify the factors associated with three variables: coaches’ attitude towards LTAD, intention to adopt LTAD, and LTAD adoption status. 279 (56%)(35.4 ± 12.1 years) of them knew LTAD and filled out the entire questionnaire. Perceived knowledge of LTAD, its trialability, observability, intention to adopt, coaches’ certification level, and organisational support were the best predictors of LTAD model adoption level in coaching’ practice (R2=0.579, F9,184=28.32, p<0.001). Coaches in late-developing sports declared having greater knowledge of LTAD, more capacity for its implementation, and lower perceived complexity of application.","PeriodicalId":93448,"journal":{"name":"International journal of applied sports sciences : IJASS","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74332245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.24985/ijass.2021.33.2.219
Sunghoon Kim
The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship among players’ perceptions of authentic leadership, trust in coach, and group cohesion. Male college soccer players responded to questionnaire items about these three factors. A total of 249 survey data were analyzed by structural equation modeling. Authentic leadership had a significant positive relationship with trust in coach and group cohesion; trust in coach had a significant positive relationship with group cohesion; and trust in coach was a mediator in the relationship between authentic leadership and group cohesion. These findings suggest when coaches are authentic leaders, athlete and team outcomes may benefit.
{"title":"The Relationship among Authentic Leadership, Trust in Coach, and Group Cohesion of College Soccer Players","authors":"Sunghoon Kim","doi":"10.24985/ijass.2021.33.2.219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24985/ijass.2021.33.2.219","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship among players’ perceptions of authentic leadership, trust in coach, and group cohesion. Male college soccer players responded to questionnaire items about these three factors. A total of 249 survey data were analyzed by structural equation modeling. Authentic leadership had a significant positive relationship with trust in coach and group cohesion; trust in coach had a significant positive relationship with group cohesion; and trust in coach was a mediator in the relationship between authentic leadership and group cohesion. These findings suggest when coaches are authentic leaders, athlete and team outcomes may benefit.","PeriodicalId":93448,"journal":{"name":"International journal of applied sports sciences : IJASS","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78408466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.24985/ijass.2021.33.2.248
Minkil Kim
COVID-19 continues to represent the challenge to Taekwondo (TKD) schools. TKD schools have been closed and faced with decreasing participants due to the Pandemic. The purpose of this study is to examine the extent to which service quality factors predict member intention for renewal in TKD schools. The target population evaluated for this study consisted of individuals aged at least 18 years or older who had attended a TKD schools. This study conducted for TKD members in the U.S.. A total of 159 participants were recruited via both in-person and online surveys. This study revealed that TKD members in U.S. of various demographic backgrounds had different perceptions of service quality factors that affected their attendance at TKD schools. The findings of this study will indicate the impact on the satisfaction of various TKD programs and maintenance of membership.
{"title":"A case study on service quality perceptions and member retention towards Taekwondo participants in North America","authors":"Minkil Kim","doi":"10.24985/ijass.2021.33.2.248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24985/ijass.2021.33.2.248","url":null,"abstract":"COVID-19 continues to represent the challenge to Taekwondo (TKD) schools. TKD schools have been closed and faced with decreasing participants due to the Pandemic. The purpose of this study is to examine the extent to which service quality factors predict member intention for renewal in TKD schools. The target population evaluated for this study consisted of individuals aged at least 18 years or older who had attended a TKD schools. This study conducted for TKD members in the U.S.. A total of 159 participants were recruited via both in-person and online surveys. This study revealed that TKD members in U.S. of various demographic backgrounds had different perceptions of service quality factors that affected their attendance at TKD schools. The findings of this study will indicate the impact on the satisfaction of various TKD programs and maintenance of membership.","PeriodicalId":93448,"journal":{"name":"International journal of applied sports sciences : IJASS","volume":"75 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74142834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.24985/ijass.2021.33.2.167
Kyoungho Seo
The purpose of this study was to compare judo-related physical fitness, body composition, and isokinetic knee functions of male judo athletes from different age groups. Subjects for this study were thirty male judo athletes and randomly divided into three groups: cadet judo athletes (CJA, n=10), junior judo athletes (JJA, n=10) and senior judo athletes (SJA, n=10). Body composition, physical fitness, anaerobic wingate test, and isokinetic knee strength test were analyzed for comparing characteristics of judo athletes with age. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA followed Scheffe post hoc test. As the result of this study, body weight and muscle mass were significantly higher in the SJA group than those in the CJA group. The SJA group had significantly higher sit-up, vertical jump, side step and sit-and-reach values than the CJA and JJA groups, and the JJA group had significantly higher sit-up and back strength values than the CJA group. The absolute values of peak power (PP) and average power (AP) and relative values of PP in the SJA group showed significant differences compared to the CJA and JJA groups. Therefore, present findings provided research evidence that anaerobic power, maximal muscle strength and endurance would positively regulate performance of judo athletes with increasing age and athletic experience. Coaches and trainers in the field should try to provide a periodic training program to improve judo-related physical fitness and succeed.
{"title":"A comparative study on changes in physical fitness characteristics of judo athletes according to their careers","authors":"Kyoungho Seo","doi":"10.24985/ijass.2021.33.2.167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24985/ijass.2021.33.2.167","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to compare judo-related physical fitness, body composition, and isokinetic knee functions of male judo athletes from different age groups. Subjects for this study were thirty male judo athletes and randomly divided into three groups: cadet judo athletes (CJA, n=10), junior judo athletes (JJA, n=10) and senior judo athletes (SJA, n=10). Body composition, physical fitness, anaerobic wingate test, and isokinetic knee strength test were analyzed for comparing characteristics of judo athletes with age. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA followed Scheffe post hoc test. As the result of this study, body weight and muscle mass were significantly higher in the SJA group than those in the CJA group. The SJA group had significantly higher sit-up, vertical jump, side step and sit-and-reach values than the CJA and JJA groups, and the JJA group had significantly higher sit-up and back strength values than the CJA group. The absolute values of peak power (PP) and average power (AP) and relative values of PP in the SJA group showed significant differences compared to the CJA and JJA groups. Therefore, present findings provided research evidence that anaerobic power, maximal muscle strength and endurance would positively regulate performance of judo athletes with increasing age and athletic experience. Coaches and trainers in the field should try to provide a periodic training program to improve judo-related physical fitness and succeed.","PeriodicalId":93448,"journal":{"name":"International journal of applied sports sciences : IJASS","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76847760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-31DOI: 10.24985/ijass.2021.33.2.231
Min Soo Kim
As the sport marketplace has become competitive, sport organizations are challenged to attract and maintain sport consumers. Using sport video games as a marketing communication strategy may be a good way to reach young sport consumers due to the popularity of sport video games(SVGs). Based on Kim and Ross’ findings (2006, it is believed that playing SVGs may foster a psychological connection with a sport team. The current study assumes the extent to which motives to play SVGs and a sense of presence contribute to explain a psychological connection with a sports team (i.e., internalization) based on the Fan Attitude Network (FAN) model (Funk & James, 2004). The internalization model of a sport object through sport video gaming is proposed based on the review of literature. The model assumes that motives to play SVGs and a sense of presence contribute to explaining what variables contribute to a sport identity. The purpose of the study is to understand the influence of motives to play SVGs and a sense of presence on a sport identity. A theoretical model depicting the relationship between motives to play SVGs and a sport identity, the relationship between a sense of presence and a sport identity, and the interaction effect between motives and a sense of presence on a sport identity was proposed. Testing the proposed model would contribute to the understanding of what drives sport video gamers to facilitate personal connections with their favorite teams and guide implications for marketing communication practice.
{"title":"A Conceptual Framework for the Internalization of a Sport Object through Sport Video Gaming","authors":"Min Soo Kim","doi":"10.24985/ijass.2021.33.2.231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24985/ijass.2021.33.2.231","url":null,"abstract":"As the sport marketplace has become competitive, sport organizations are challenged to attract and maintain sport consumers. Using sport video games as a marketing communication strategy may be a good way to reach young sport consumers due to the popularity of sport video games(SVGs). Based on Kim and Ross’ findings (2006, it is believed that playing SVGs may foster a psychological connection with a sport team. The current study assumes the extent to which motives to play SVGs and a sense of presence contribute to explain a psychological connection with a sports team (i.e., internalization) based on the Fan Attitude Network (FAN) model (Funk & James, 2004). The internalization model of a sport object through sport video gaming is proposed based on the review of literature. The model assumes that motives to play SVGs and a sense of presence contribute to explaining what variables contribute to a sport identity. The purpose of the study is to understand the influence of motives to play SVGs and a sense of presence on a sport identity. A theoretical model depicting the relationship between motives to play SVGs and a sport identity, the relationship between a sense of presence and a sport identity, and the interaction effect between motives and a sense of presence on a sport identity was proposed. Testing the proposed model would contribute to the understanding of what drives sport video gamers to facilitate personal connections with their favorite teams and guide implications for marketing communication practice.","PeriodicalId":93448,"journal":{"name":"International journal of applied sports sciences : IJASS","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86731271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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