Pub Date : 2020-06-30DOI: 10.24985/IJASS.2020.32.1.91
Sung-bae Park, Taegeun Kwon, Jonghwan Jeon
The purpose of this study is three-fold. Firstly, it revisits and updates the prevailing model (Park et al., 2018), by adding players’ field performance data from the past three seasons (2017 to 2019). Secondly, it verifies the effectiveness of the modified salary calculation model by comparing the top 20 ranked players’ actual salaries with model Expected Monetary Value (EMV). Lastly, it elaborates and refines the model to enhance its applicability for the Korean market. The results indicate that all 10 Korea Baseball Organization (KBO) teams paid players much more than what was required. Also, according to the proposed salary calculation model, SK Wyverns was the most efficient team (i.e., smallest difference between total team salary and EMV) while Lotte Giants was the least efficient. Finally, expert panels suggest that the salary calculation model be used as a supplementary tool because the model does not count such factors as defensive position, leadership, contribution to winning, physical conditions, past injuries, and defensive skills.
{"title":"Evaluation model revisited: Korean baseball Players Salary Calculation Model (PSCM)","authors":"Sung-bae Park, Taegeun Kwon, Jonghwan Jeon","doi":"10.24985/IJASS.2020.32.1.91","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24985/IJASS.2020.32.1.91","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study is three-fold. Firstly, it revisits and updates the prevailing model (Park et al., 2018), by adding players’ field performance data from the past three seasons (2017 to 2019). Secondly, it verifies the effectiveness of the modified salary calculation model by comparing the top 20 ranked players’ actual salaries with model Expected Monetary Value (EMV). Lastly, it elaborates and refines the model to enhance its applicability for the Korean market. The results indicate that all 10 Korea Baseball Organization (KBO) teams paid players much more than what was required. Also, according to the proposed salary calculation model, SK Wyverns was the most efficient team (i.e., smallest difference between total team salary and EMV) while Lotte Giants was the least efficient. Finally, expert panels suggest that the salary calculation model be used as a supplementary tool because the model does not count such factors as defensive position, leadership, contribution to winning, physical conditions, past injuries, and defensive skills.","PeriodicalId":93448,"journal":{"name":"International journal of applied sports sciences : IJASS","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85201686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-30DOI: 10.24985/ijass.2020.32.1.15
H. Kwon
The Ministry of Education, Science, and Technology of the Republic of Korea introduced the ‘School Sport Club’ scheme to reinforce the extracurricular physical activities (PA) in schools. The effectiveness of the intervention was examined, and the results indicated that the students in SSPG schools had higher satisfaction with the programme and higher future intention to participate in the programme. Also, students’ future intention was found to be influenced by the indirect effect of intrinsic motivation which was mediated by their perceived satisfaction with the programme. Thus, it is important to provide a quality programme for promoting students’ participation in extracurricular PA programme.
{"title":"The effectiveness of governmental financial support in extracurricular physical activity in the Republic of Korea","authors":"H. Kwon","doi":"10.24985/ijass.2020.32.1.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24985/ijass.2020.32.1.15","url":null,"abstract":"The Ministry of Education, Science, and Technology of the Republic of Korea introduced the ‘School Sport Club’ scheme to reinforce the extracurricular physical activities (PA) in schools. The effectiveness of the intervention was examined, and the results indicated that the students in SSPG schools had higher satisfaction with the programme and higher future intention to participate in the programme. Also, students’ future intention was found to be influenced by the indirect effect of intrinsic motivation which was mediated by their perceived satisfaction with the programme. Thus, it is important to provide a quality programme for promoting students’ participation in extracurricular PA programme.","PeriodicalId":93448,"journal":{"name":"International journal of applied sports sciences : IJASS","volume":"116 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74839152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-30DOI: 10.24985/IJASS.2020.32.1.27
Do Hyun Kim, Ji-Myung Jang, H. Kim, Seonyoung Lim, Hyunji Ryoo, Tae Yong Jung, S. Suh
The purpose of this study is to examine primary indicators for evaluating the defenders’ technical performance in football games. We collected a total 472 players’ match statistics of season 2017/2018 in tier 1 league of England, Spain and Germany and categorized them into central and wide. Principal component analyses are used to sort the indicators and using eigenvalues for an appropriate number of components. The results showed that “Tackles Lost”, “Defensive Errors” and “Errors Leading to Goal” were the primary indicators for central defenders and “Successful Take-on”, “Total Shots” and “Errors Leading to Goal” were crucial for wide defenders.
{"title":"Discovering primary indicators for evaluating defender's technical performance using multivariate statistics in football games","authors":"Do Hyun Kim, Ji-Myung Jang, H. Kim, Seonyoung Lim, Hyunji Ryoo, Tae Yong Jung, S. Suh","doi":"10.24985/IJASS.2020.32.1.27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24985/IJASS.2020.32.1.27","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study is to examine primary indicators for evaluating the defenders’ technical performance in football games. We collected a total 472 players’ match statistics of season 2017/2018 in tier 1 league of England, Spain and Germany and categorized them into central and wide. Principal component analyses are used to sort the indicators and using eigenvalues for an appropriate number of components. The results showed that “Tackles Lost”, “Defensive Errors” and “Errors Leading to Goal” were the primary indicators for central defenders and “Successful Take-on”, “Total Shots” and “Errors Leading to Goal” were crucial for wide defenders.","PeriodicalId":93448,"journal":{"name":"International journal of applied sports sciences : IJASS","volume":"126 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77025347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-30DOI: 10.24985/IJASS.2020.32.1.49
A. F. Frøyen, A. Pensgaard, H. Gustafsson
The purpose of this study was to explore the meaning of the coach-athlete relationship for two Norwegian male super-elite athletes. By means of semi-structured interviews and the use of Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) the results revealed four emergent themes that represent underlying dynamics that influenced the athletes’ perception of what constitute an effective coach-athlete relationship; 1) Extreme independence. 2) Coaching without skills? 3) The coach as a butler, and 4) Expectations – make it or break it. These underlying dynamics are further discussed using the theoretical frameworks of coping strategies and power with the need for control as an important common denominator.
{"title":"“You can be my coach, but I am the one in charge” An interpretative phenomenological analysis of the importance of the coach-athlete relationship in Norwegian super-elite athletes","authors":"A. F. Frøyen, A. Pensgaard, H. Gustafsson","doi":"10.24985/IJASS.2020.32.1.49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24985/IJASS.2020.32.1.49","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to explore the meaning of the coach-athlete relationship for two Norwegian male super-elite athletes. By means of semi-structured interviews and the use of Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) the results revealed four emergent themes that represent underlying dynamics that influenced the athletes’ perception of what constitute an effective coach-athlete relationship; 1) Extreme independence. 2) Coaching without skills? 3) The coach as a butler, and 4) Expectations – make it or break it. These underlying dynamics are further discussed using the theoretical frameworks of coping strategies and power with the need for control as an important common denominator.","PeriodicalId":93448,"journal":{"name":"International journal of applied sports sciences : IJASS","volume":"78 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79482645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-30DOI: 10.24985/IJASS.2020.32.1.1
Seungmo Kim, Taeyeon Oh, D. Andrew, Jinming Zheng
This study examines the relationship between player pay dispersion and team performance in the National Basketball Association (NBA) in North America. Specifically, the pay dispersion across teammates in each NBA team was analyzed according to four different models based on their playing time and team performance. Salary data for all NBA teams were collected over 23 consecutive seasons from between 1995-96 to 2017-18. Pay dispersion was measured using the Gini coefficient. Key findings are that the effects of the dispersion are positive for the model with all players in their teams, whereas the effects of pay dispersion on team performance are negative for the models with players who have more playing time, which indicates that greater pay dispersion among the most contributing players is associated with lower team performance. Teams should consider how they can more fairly allocate their capped payrolls among the highest contributing players on their teams based on the equity principle of distributive justice. Teams should consider how they prepare and incorporate other reward methods, such as signing bonuses, which may reduce injustice perceptions of underpaid players and eventually enhance team performance.
{"title":"Pay dispersion and team performance in the National Basketball Association","authors":"Seungmo Kim, Taeyeon Oh, D. Andrew, Jinming Zheng","doi":"10.24985/IJASS.2020.32.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24985/IJASS.2020.32.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines the relationship between player pay dispersion and team performance in the National Basketball Association (NBA) in North America. Specifically, the pay dispersion across teammates in each NBA team was analyzed according to four different models based on their playing time and team performance. Salary data for all NBA teams were collected over 23 consecutive seasons from between 1995-96 to 2017-18. Pay dispersion was measured using the Gini coefficient. Key findings are that the effects of the dispersion are positive for the model with all players in their teams, whereas the effects of pay dispersion on team performance are negative for the models with players who have more playing time, which indicates that greater pay dispersion among the most contributing players is associated with lower team performance. Teams should consider how they can more fairly allocate their capped payrolls among the highest contributing players on their teams based on the equity principle of distributive justice. Teams should consider how they prepare and incorporate other reward methods, such as signing bonuses, which may reduce injustice perceptions of underpaid players and eventually enhance team performance.","PeriodicalId":93448,"journal":{"name":"International journal of applied sports sciences : IJASS","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81029075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-01DOI: 10.24985/IJASS.2020.32.1.69
A. Navin, D. Vinson
The aim of this study was to develop consensus of opinion from expert netball coaches by exploring prime defining characteristics of, and prime development requirements for, coaching expertise. Forty-eight expert female netball coaches representing five domains were recruited. A four-round Delphi Poll technique was utilised to generate consensus of prime characteristics of expertise and prime development requirements. Distinct characteristics of expertise were identified in each domain. The domain-specific characteristics of expertise dispute the appropriateness of a one-size-fits-all coach development approach such as coaching courses which are not bespoke. Concerning development requirements, the findings demonstrated support for individualised, predominantly informal approaches.
{"title":"Seeking consensus regarding the characteristics of expertise and development requirements across five domains of netball coaching in the United Kingdom","authors":"A. Navin, D. Vinson","doi":"10.24985/IJASS.2020.32.1.69","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24985/IJASS.2020.32.1.69","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to develop consensus of opinion from expert netball coaches by exploring prime defining characteristics of, and prime development requirements for, coaching expertise. Forty-eight expert female netball coaches representing five domains were recruited. A four-round Delphi Poll technique was utilised to generate consensus of prime characteristics of expertise and prime development requirements. Distinct characteristics of expertise were identified in each domain. The domain-specific characteristics of expertise dispute the appropriateness of a one-size-fits-all coach development approach such as coaching courses which are not bespoke. Concerning development requirements, the findings demonstrated support for individualised, predominantly informal approaches.","PeriodicalId":93448,"journal":{"name":"International journal of applied sports sciences : IJASS","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90275662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.24985/ijass.2019.31.2.155
Ma, Yun-Sung
In this article, I develop a scale for measuring social capital scale in a sports club (SCSSC) to review the concept of social capital based on sports club members and construct social capital scale in a sports club context. This article employees the methodology of scale development, which involves three studies: Study 1, qualitative assessment for scale generation was insisted with an in-depth interview and focus group interview. To address scale development, two times quantitative surveys were conducted. Study 2, for scale refinement, used parallel analysis and exploratory factor analysis. Study 3, confirmatory factor analysis to confirm the essence of the SCSSC construct and its' dimensionality. In order to verify the hierarchical properties of the factor structure, higher-order factor analysis was implemented by dividing the above factors into a single factor and double factors. After comparing the two types of factors, results reflected a hierarchical relationship between the single factor and 5 sub-factors of social capital in sports clubs. Lastly, in order to verify the predictability of the deduced scale, satisfaction of life was used as a dependent variable to conduct a causality analysis in which results showed a statistical signification relationship.
{"title":"Scale development for measuring social capital in sports club","authors":"Ma, Yun-Sung","doi":"10.24985/ijass.2019.31.2.155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24985/ijass.2019.31.2.155","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, I develop a scale for measuring social capital scale in a sports club (SCSSC) to review the concept of social capital based on sports club members and construct social capital scale in a sports club context. This article employees the methodology of scale development, which involves three studies: Study 1, qualitative assessment for scale generation was insisted with an in-depth interview and focus group interview. To address scale development, two times quantitative surveys were conducted. Study 2, for scale refinement, used parallel analysis and exploratory factor analysis. Study 3, confirmatory factor analysis to confirm the essence of the SCSSC construct and its' dimensionality. In order to verify the hierarchical properties of the factor structure, higher-order factor analysis was implemented by dividing the above factors into a single factor and double factors. After comparing the two types of factors, results reflected a hierarchical relationship between the single factor and 5 sub-factors of social capital in sports clubs. Lastly, in order to verify the predictability of the deduced scale, satisfaction of life was used as a dependent variable to conduct a causality analysis in which results showed a statistical signification relationship.","PeriodicalId":93448,"journal":{"name":"International journal of applied sports sciences : IJASS","volume":"101 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81407797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.24985/ijass.2019.31.2.115
Yun Yeo Kyung
This study aimed at testing a theoretical framework applicable to equestrian participation process based on revise PCM. This study revisited and revised PCM to deal with limitations that an initial model has, and analyzed the framework in terms of equestrian activity to understand equestrian participation process as a whole. The study model was tested among equestrian participants in Korea and used survey method to collect 320 questionnaires. Total 312 questionnaires were analyzed by SPSS and AMOS, and used to conduct frequency analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, reliability analysis, correlation analysis, and structural equation modeling. The results are as follows. First, favor on a horse and achievement factors positively affected all the involvement factors, and media and promoting friendship factors positively affected self-expression and centrality factors. However, pursuit of health factor did not affect all the involvement factors. Second, attraction factor had positive effect on volitional choice factor however no effect was observed on informational complexity or position involvement factors. In addition, centrality factor did not affect all the commitment formative factors while self-expression factor positively affected all. Third, informational complexity and volitional choice factors had positive effect on resistance to change factor, however, position involvement had no effect on resistance to change factor. Fourth, resistance to change factor positively affected loyalty factor.
{"title":"A Study on the Korean equestrian participation process based on revised Psychological Continuum Model","authors":"Yun Yeo Kyung","doi":"10.24985/ijass.2019.31.2.115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24985/ijass.2019.31.2.115","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed at testing a theoretical framework applicable to equestrian participation process based on revise PCM. This study revisited and revised PCM to deal with limitations that an initial model has, and analyzed the framework in terms of equestrian activity to understand equestrian participation process as a whole. The study model was tested among equestrian participants in Korea and used survey method to collect 320 questionnaires. Total 312 questionnaires were analyzed by SPSS and AMOS, and used to conduct frequency analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, reliability analysis, correlation analysis, and structural equation modeling. The results are as follows. First, favor on a horse and achievement factors positively affected all the involvement factors, and media and promoting friendship factors positively affected self-expression and centrality factors. However, pursuit of health factor did not affect all the involvement factors. Second, attraction factor had positive effect on volitional choice factor however no effect was observed on informational complexity or position involvement factors. In addition, centrality factor did not affect all the commitment formative factors while self-expression factor positively affected all. Third, informational complexity and volitional choice factors had positive effect on resistance to change factor, however, position involvement had no effect on resistance to change factor. Fourth, resistance to change factor positively affected loyalty factor.","PeriodicalId":93448,"journal":{"name":"International journal of applied sports sciences : IJASS","volume":"42 1","pages":"115-137"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86495760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.24985/ijass.2019.31.2.138
이화선, 박종철
{"title":"Understanding the motivation process of the players experiencing homelessness in the Homeless World Cup","authors":"이화선, 박종철","doi":"10.24985/ijass.2019.31.2.138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24985/ijass.2019.31.2.138","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93448,"journal":{"name":"International journal of applied sports sciences : IJASS","volume":"26 1","pages":"138-154"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84456182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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