首页 > 最新文献

Journal of hazardous materials letters最新文献

英文 中文
Investigation of the mechanism for simulated graphite waste treatment via microwave sintering technology 微波烧结技术处理模拟石墨废料的机理研究
Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL Pub Date : 2021-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.hazl.2021.100046
Guilin Wei , Yulong Miao , Beilong Yuan , Xirui Lu

With the decommissioning of nuclear facilities, an increasing amount of radioactive graphite needs to be treated safely and effectively. In this work, microwave sintering technology was initially applied to treat simulated graphite waste. The effects of microwaves on the phase composition and microstructure of graphite were investigated. Combined with the mass loss results and fitting results of the phase, the mechanism for simulated graphite waste treatment via microwave sintering was obtained. According to the results, there are three stages regarding the effect of microwave sintering on the microstructure of graphite waste. This work reveals the potential application of microwave sintering technology in the treatment of graphite waste and its treatment mechanism.

随着核设施的退役,越来越多的放射性石墨需要安全有效的处理。本研究首次应用微波烧结技术处理模拟石墨废弃物。研究了微波对石墨相组成和显微组织的影响。结合失重结果和相拟合结果,得出了微波烧结处理模拟石墨废料的机理。结果表明,微波烧结对石墨废料微观结构的影响可分为三个阶段。本工作揭示了微波烧结技术在石墨废料处理中的潜在应用前景及其处理机理。
{"title":"Investigation of the mechanism for simulated graphite waste treatment via microwave sintering technology","authors":"Guilin Wei ,&nbsp;Yulong Miao ,&nbsp;Beilong Yuan ,&nbsp;Xirui Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.hazl.2021.100046","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hazl.2021.100046","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>With the decommissioning of nuclear facilities, an increasing amount of radioactive graphite needs to be treated safely and effectively. In this work, microwave sintering technology was initially applied to treat simulated graphite waste. The effects of microwaves on the phase composition and microstructure of graphite were investigated. Combined with the mass loss results and fitting results of the phase, the mechanism for simulated graphite waste treatment via microwave sintering was obtained. According to the results, there are three stages regarding the effect of microwave sintering on the microstructure of graphite waste. This work reveals the potential application of microwave sintering technology in the treatment of graphite waste and its treatment mechanism.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":93463,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials letters","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100046"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666911021000344/pdfft?md5=14a2df6dd03b81e69bdb454fafe2899b&pid=1-s2.0-S2666911021000344-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46226765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
SARS-CoV-2 spillover into hospital outdoor environments SARS-CoV-2向医院室外环境的溢出
Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL Pub Date : 2021-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.hazl.2021.100027
Dayi Zhang , Xian Zhang , Yunfeng Yang , Xia Huang , Jingkun Jiang , Miao Li , Haibo Ling , Jing Li , Yi Liu , Guanghe Li , Weiwei Li , Chuan Yi , Ting Zhang , Yongzhong Jiang , Yan Xiong , Zhenyu He , Xinzi Wang , Songqiang Deng , Peng Zhao , Jiuhui Qu

Facing the ongoing coronavirus infectious disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, many studies focus on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in indoor environment, on solid surface or in wastewater. It remains unclear whether SARS-CoV-2 can spill over into outdoor environments and impose transmission risks to surrounding people and communities. In this study, we investigated the presence of SARS-CoV-2 by measuring viral RNA in 118 samples from outdoor environment of three hospitals in Wuhan. We detected SARS-CoV-2 in soils (205–550 copies/g), aerosols (285−1,130 copies/m3) and wastewaters (255−18,744 copies/L) in locations close to hospital departments receiving COVID-19 patients or in wastewater treatment sectors. These findings revealed a significant viral spillover in hospital outdoor environments that was possibly caused by respiratory droplets from patients or aerosolized particles from wastewater containing SARS-CoV-2. In contrast, SARS-CoV-2 was not detected in other areas or on surfaces with regular implemented disinfection. Soils may behave as viral warehouse through deposition and serve as a secondary source spreading SARS-CoV-2 for a prolonged time. For the first time, our findings demonstrate that there are high-risk areas out of expectation in hospital outdoor environments to spread SARS-CoV-2, calling for sealing of wastewater treatment unit and complete sanitation to prevent COVID-19 transmission risks.

面对持续的冠状病毒传染病-2019 (COVID-19)大流行,许多研究集中在室内环境、固体表面或废水中的严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2 (SARS-CoV-2)。目前尚不清楚SARS-CoV-2是否会蔓延到室外环境,并对周围的人和社区造成传播风险。在本研究中,我们通过检测武汉三家医院室外环境118份样本的病毒RNA来调查SARS-CoV-2的存在。我们在靠近接收COVID-19患者的医院部门或废水处理部门的土壤(205-550拷贝/g)、气溶胶(285 - 1,130拷贝/m3)和废水(255 - 18,744拷贝/L)中检测到SARS-CoV-2。这些发现表明,医院室外环境中存在明显的病毒外溢,可能是由患者的呼吸道飞沫或含有SARS-CoV-2的废水中的雾化颗粒引起的。相比之下,在其他地区或定期实施消毒的表面未检测到SARS-CoV-2。土壤可能通过沉积发挥病毒仓库的作用,并在很长一段时间内成为传播SARS-CoV-2的二次源。我们的研究结果首次表明,医院室外环境中存在超出预期的SARS-CoV-2传播高风险区域,需要对废水处理单元进行密封,完善卫生设施,以防止COVID-19传播风险。
{"title":"SARS-CoV-2 spillover into hospital outdoor environments","authors":"Dayi Zhang ,&nbsp;Xian Zhang ,&nbsp;Yunfeng Yang ,&nbsp;Xia Huang ,&nbsp;Jingkun Jiang ,&nbsp;Miao Li ,&nbsp;Haibo Ling ,&nbsp;Jing Li ,&nbsp;Yi Liu ,&nbsp;Guanghe Li ,&nbsp;Weiwei Li ,&nbsp;Chuan Yi ,&nbsp;Ting Zhang ,&nbsp;Yongzhong Jiang ,&nbsp;Yan Xiong ,&nbsp;Zhenyu He ,&nbsp;Xinzi Wang ,&nbsp;Songqiang Deng ,&nbsp;Peng Zhao ,&nbsp;Jiuhui Qu","doi":"10.1016/j.hazl.2021.100027","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hazl.2021.100027","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Facing the ongoing coronavirus infectious disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, many studies focus on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in indoor environment, on solid surface or in wastewater. It remains unclear whether SARS-CoV-2 can spill over into outdoor environments and impose transmission risks to surrounding people and communities. In this study, we investigated the presence of SARS-CoV-2 by measuring viral RNA in 118 samples from outdoor environment of three hospitals in Wuhan. We detected SARS-CoV-2 in soils (205–550 copies/g), aerosols (285−1,130 copies/m<sup>3</sup>) and wastewaters (255−18,744 copies/L) in locations close to hospital departments receiving COVID-19 patients or in wastewater treatment sectors. These findings revealed a significant viral spillover in hospital outdoor environments that was possibly caused by respiratory droplets from patients or aerosolized particles from wastewater containing SARS-CoV-2. In contrast, SARS-CoV-2 was not detected in other areas or on surfaces with regular implemented disinfection. Soils may behave as viral warehouse through deposition and serve as a secondary source spreading SARS-CoV-2 for a prolonged time. For the first time, our findings demonstrate that there are high-risk areas out of expectation in hospital outdoor environments to spread SARS-CoV-2, calling for sealing of wastewater treatment unit and complete sanitation to prevent COVID-19 transmission risks.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":93463,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials letters","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100027"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.hazl.2021.100027","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39641892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 48
Sonodegradation of amitriptyline and ibuprofen in the presence of Ti3C2Tx MXene Ti3C2Tx MXene存在下阿米替林和布洛芬的声降解
Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL Pub Date : 2021-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.hazl.2021.100028
Minjung Jeon , Byung-Moon Jun , Sewoon Kim , Jaeweon Cho , Chang Min Park , Choe Earn Choong , Min Jang , Yeomin Yoon

This study, which investigated the sonodegradation of selected pharmaceutical active compounds (PhACs) (amitriptyline (AMT) and ibuprofen (IBP)) with MXene, was carried out in an aqueous solution. To investigate the practicality of the degradation process, the experiments were conducted in various water quality conditions, including pH, temperature, natural organic matter, and ionic strength. Based on the experimental results, the produced hydrogen peroxide, which could be a representative of the produced OH radicals, was a vital factor that affected the degradation performance of both PhACs. To confirm the importance of OH radicals, the effect of a OH radical promoter (H2O2) and scavenger (t-BuOH) was also studied. In addition, the synergism between ultrasonication (US) and MXene was evaluated with the rate constants of US only, MXene only, and a US/MXene combined system. Mineralization of the PhACs was also investigated, and removal of AMT was higher than that of IBP, which could be attributed to the physicochemical properties of the compounds and enhanced adsorption by the well-dispersed MXene. Overall, utilization of MXene by means of ultrasonication could enhance the removal performance of PhACs in water.

本研究研究了MXene在水溶液中对选定药物活性化合物(阿米替林(AMT)和布洛芬(IBP))的声降解。为了考察降解过程的实用性,实验在不同的水质条件下进行,包括pH、温度、天然有机物和离子强度。实验结果表明,生成的过氧化氢可以代表生成的OH自由基,是影响两种phac降解性能的重要因素。为了证实OH自由基的重要性,还研究了OH自由基促进剂(H2O2)和清除剂(t-BuOH)的作用。此外,通过超声、MXene和US/MXene联合体系的速率常数,评价超声(US)与MXene的协同作用。研究了PhACs的矿化作用,AMT的去除率高于IBP,这可能是由于化合物的物理化学性质和分散良好的MXene增强了吸附作用。综上所述,超声波法利用MXene可以提高水中PhACs的去除效果。
{"title":"Sonodegradation of amitriptyline and ibuprofen in the presence of Ti3C2Tx MXene","authors":"Minjung Jeon ,&nbsp;Byung-Moon Jun ,&nbsp;Sewoon Kim ,&nbsp;Jaeweon Cho ,&nbsp;Chang Min Park ,&nbsp;Choe Earn Choong ,&nbsp;Min Jang ,&nbsp;Yeomin Yoon","doi":"10.1016/j.hazl.2021.100028","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hazl.2021.100028","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study, which investigated the sonodegradation of selected pharmaceutical active compounds (PhACs) (amitriptyline (AMT) and ibuprofen (IBP)) with MXene, was carried out in an aqueous solution. To investigate the practicality of the degradation process, the experiments were conducted in various water quality conditions, including pH, temperature, natural organic matter, and ionic strength. Based on the experimental results, the produced hydrogen peroxide, which could be a representative of the produced OH radicals, was a vital factor that affected the degradation performance of both PhACs. To confirm the importance of OH radicals, the effect of a OH radical promoter (H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>) and scavenger (t-BuOH) was also studied. In addition, the synergism between ultrasonication (US) and MXene was evaluated with the rate constants of US only, MXene only, and a US/MXene combined system. Mineralization of the PhACs was also investigated, and removal of AMT was higher than that of IBP, which could be attributed to the physicochemical properties of the compounds and enhanced adsorption by the well-dispersed MXene. Overall, utilization of MXene by means of ultrasonication could enhance the removal performance of PhACs in water.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":93463,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials letters","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100028"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.hazl.2021.100028","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"94717418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
Fixed bed adsorption of chromium and the Weibull function 固定床对铬的吸附及威布尔函数
Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL Pub Date : 2021-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.hazl.2021.100022
Khim Hoong Chu

Fixed bed adsorption of toxic metal ions such as chromium is a research area of current interest. Mathematical models are routinely used to summarize breakthrough results of metal ions, which often display varying degrees of curve asymmetry. This work introduces the Weibull function as a simple model for correlating asymmetric breakthrough curves of chromium. The Weibull function is similar to the widely used Bohart-Adams model in several aspects. For example, they both produce sigmoid or S-shaped curves. Their simple mathematical forms can be linearized and linear regression can then be used to estimate their parameters. However, the Weibull function, unlike the Bohart-Adams model, can track the trajectory of asymmetric breakthrough data. Applying the Weibull function to published breakthrough data of chromium, this article illustrates its outright superiority versus the Bohart-Adams model in representing highly asymmetric data. Both equations provide satisfactory fits to breakthrough data exhibiting a moderate degree of curve asymmetry.

固定床吸附有毒金属离子(如铬)是目前研究的热点。数学模型通常用于总结金属离子的突破结果,这些结果往往表现出不同程度的曲线不对称。本文介绍了威布尔函数作为一个简单的模型来关联铬的不对称突破曲线。威布尔函数在几个方面与广泛使用的Bohart-Adams模型相似。例如,它们都产生s形曲线或s形曲线。它们的简单数学形式可以线性化,然后可以使用线性回归来估计它们的参数。然而,与Bohart-Adams模型不同,Weibull函数可以跟踪非对称突破数据的轨迹。本文将威布尔函数应用于已发表的铬的突破性数据,说明了它在表示高度不对称数据方面与Bohart-Adams模型相比的明显优势。两个方程都提供了令人满意的拟合突破数据,显示出中等程度的曲线不对称。
{"title":"Fixed bed adsorption of chromium and the Weibull function","authors":"Khim Hoong Chu","doi":"10.1016/j.hazl.2021.100022","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hazl.2021.100022","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Fixed bed adsorption of toxic metal ions such as chromium is a research area of current interest. Mathematical models are routinely used to summarize breakthrough results of metal ions, which often display varying degrees of curve asymmetry. This work introduces the Weibull function as a simple model for correlating asymmetric breakthrough curves of chromium. The Weibull function is similar to the widely used Bohart-Adams model in several aspects. For example, they both produce sigmoid or S-shaped curves. Their simple mathematical forms can be linearized and linear regression can then be used to estimate their parameters. However, the Weibull function, unlike the Bohart-Adams model, can track the trajectory of asymmetric breakthrough data. Applying the Weibull function to published breakthrough data of chromium, this article illustrates its outright superiority versus the Bohart-Adams model in representing highly asymmetric data. Both equations provide satisfactory fits to breakthrough data exhibiting a moderate degree of curve asymmetry.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":93463,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials letters","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100022"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.hazl.2021.100022","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"99429465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 9
Adsorption of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) by aluminum-based drinking water treatment residuals 铝基饮用水处理残留物对全氟辛酸(PFOA)和全氟辛烷磺酸的吸附
Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL Pub Date : 2021-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.hazl.2021.100034
Zhiming Zhang , Dibyendu Sarkar , Rupali Datta , Yang Deng

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) represent a family of emerging persistent organic pollutants. Cost-effective remediation of PFAS contamination via chemical or biochemical degradation is challenging due to their extremely high stability. This study reports the removal of two representative PFAS species, perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), from water by adsorption using aluminum-based water treatment residuals (Al-WTR), a non-hazardous waste generated during the process of drinking water treatment by alum salts. Rapid adsorption of PFOA and PFOS onto Al-WTR followed a pseudo 2nd order kinetic pattern. Lower pH facilitated the adsorption process with a faster adsorption rate and greater adsorption capacity. At pH 3.0 and an initial concentration of 1.0 mg/L, 97.4 % of PFOA and 99.5 % of PFOS were adsorbed onto Al-WTR. Adsorption isotherm modeling showed that the maximum adsorption capacities of PFOA and PFOS on Al-WTR at pH 3.0 were 0.232 and 0.316 mg/g, respectively. Desorption tests indicated that the adsorption by Al-WTR was irreversible, making Al-WTR an excellent candidate for treating PFOA and PFOS in solution. The highly encouraging results of this preliminary study indicate that Al-WTR may be a promising, viable, and cost-effective PFOA/PFOS treatment option for water reuse, industrial wastewater treatment, and groundwater remediation.

全氟和多氟烷基物质(PFAS)是一类新兴的持久性有机污染物。由于PFAS具有极高的稳定性,通过化学或生物化学降解来经济有效地修复PFAS污染是具有挑战性的。本研究报道了利用明矾盐处理饮用水过程中产生的无害废物铝基水处理残余物(Al-WTR)吸附去除水中两种具有代表性的全氟辛烷酸(PFOA)和全氟辛烷磺酸(PFOS)。Al-WTR对PFOA和PFOS的快速吸附遵循伪二级动力学模式。较低的pH有利于吸附过程,吸附速率更快,吸附容量更大。在pH为3.0,初始浓度为1.0 mg/L的条件下,Al-WTR吸附了97.4%的PFOA和99.5%的PFOS。吸附等温线模拟结果表明,pH为3.0时,Al-WTR对PFOA和PFOS的最大吸附量分别为0.232和0.316 mg/g。解吸实验表明,Al-WTR的吸附是不可逆的,是处理溶液中PFOA和PFOS的理想选择。这项初步研究的结果表明,Al-WTR可能是一种有前途的、可行的、具有成本效益的PFOA/PFOS处理方案,用于水回用、工业废水处理和地下水修复。
{"title":"Adsorption of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) by aluminum-based drinking water treatment residuals","authors":"Zhiming Zhang ,&nbsp;Dibyendu Sarkar ,&nbsp;Rupali Datta ,&nbsp;Yang Deng","doi":"10.1016/j.hazl.2021.100034","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hazl.2021.100034","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) represent a family of emerging persistent organic pollutants. Cost-effective remediation of PFAS contamination via chemical or biochemical degradation is challenging due to their extremely high stability. This study reports the removal of two representative PFAS species, perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), from water by adsorption using aluminum-based water treatment residuals (Al-WTR), a non-hazardous waste generated during the process of drinking water treatment by alum salts. Rapid adsorption of PFOA and PFOS onto Al-WTR followed a pseudo 2<sup>nd</sup> order kinetic pattern. Lower pH facilitated the adsorption process with a faster adsorption rate and greater adsorption capacity. At pH 3.0 and an initial concentration of 1.0 mg/L, 97.4 % of PFOA and 99.5 % of PFOS were adsorbed onto Al-WTR. Adsorption isotherm modeling showed that the maximum adsorption capacities of PFOA and PFOS on Al-WTR at pH 3.0 were 0.232 and 0.316 mg/g, respectively. Desorption tests indicated that the adsorption by Al-WTR was irreversible, making Al-WTR an excellent candidate for treating PFOA and PFOS in solution. The highly encouraging results of this preliminary study indicate that Al-WTR may be a promising, viable, and cost-effective PFOA/PFOS treatment option for water reuse, industrial wastewater treatment, and groundwater remediation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":93463,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials letters","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100034"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666911021000228/pdfft?md5=3adeff51fe9b3a88406de68022ca877e&pid=1-s2.0-S2666911021000228-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"97233087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 24
Microplastics as a Trojan horse for trace metals 微塑料是微量金属的特洛伊木马
Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL Pub Date : 2021-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.hazl.2021.100035
L. Hildebrandt , F.L. Nack , T. Zimmermann , D. Pröfrock

Due to an assumed lack of anionic binding sites (most plastics are non-polar), scientists long considered virgin particulate plastics inert towards metal ions. However, we proved significant metal sorption to microplastics at neutral pH and release in a solution mimicking gastrointestinal chemistry serving as a proof-of-principle for environmental and human bioavailability. Competitive ion-exchange incubation experiments comprised 55 metals and metalloids. Fast kinetics were observed with 45 %–75 % of As, Be, Bi, Cr, Fe, In, Pb, Th, Sn and the rare-earth element ions being sorbed after 1 h. The investigated metal and metalloid cations showed significant differences in the extent of sorption, based upon which a distinct categorization was possible. Microplastics are not only a potential danger for aquatic and human life, but - as demonstrated in this paper - also serve as a Trojan Horse for dissolved metal cations. The corresponding effects on aquatic and human health will gain higher importance in the near future due to the predicted increases of marine plastic litter and microplastic sorbents.

由于假定缺乏阴离子结合位点(大多数塑料是非极性的),科学家们长期认为原始颗粒塑料对金属离子是惰性的。然而,我们证明了金属在中性pH下对微塑料的显著吸附,并在模拟胃肠道化学的溶液中释放,作为环境和人类生物利用度的原理证明。竞争离子交换孵育实验包括55种金属和类金属。1 h后,45 ~ 75%的As、Be、Bi、Cr、Fe、In、Pb、Th、Sn和稀土元素离子被快速吸附,所研究的金属阳离子和类金属阳离子的吸附程度有显著差异,据此可以进行明显的分类。微塑料不仅是水生生物和人类生命的潜在危险,而且正如本文所证明的那样,它也是溶解金属阳离子的特洛伊木马。由于预计海洋塑料垃圾和微塑料吸附剂的增加,在不久的将来,对水生和人类健康的相应影响将变得更加重要。
{"title":"Microplastics as a Trojan horse for trace metals","authors":"L. Hildebrandt ,&nbsp;F.L. Nack ,&nbsp;T. Zimmermann ,&nbsp;D. Pröfrock","doi":"10.1016/j.hazl.2021.100035","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hazl.2021.100035","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Due to an assumed lack of anionic binding sites (most plastics are non-polar), scientists long considered virgin particulate plastics inert towards metal ions. However, we proved significant metal sorption to microplastics at neutral pH and release in a solution mimicking gastrointestinal chemistry serving as a proof-of-principle for environmental and human bioavailability. Competitive ion-exchange incubation experiments comprised 55 metals and metalloids. Fast kinetics were observed with 45 %–75 % of As, Be, Bi, Cr, Fe, In, Pb, Th, Sn and the rare-earth element ions being sorbed after 1 h. The investigated metal and metalloid cations showed significant differences in the extent of sorption, based upon which a distinct categorization was possible. Microplastics are not only a potential danger for aquatic and human life, but - as demonstrated in this paper - also serve as a Trojan Horse for dissolved metal cations. The corresponding effects on aquatic and human health will gain higher importance in the near future due to the predicted increases of marine plastic litter and microplastic sorbents.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":93463,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials letters","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100035"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266691102100023X/pdfft?md5=b07e8065a5891907244cbbc82d3e134e&pid=1-s2.0-S266691102100023X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"98526722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 39
Fluoride sources, toxicity and fluorosis management techniques – A brief review 氟化物来源、毒性和氟中毒管理技术综述
Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL Pub Date : 2021-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.hazl.2021.100033
Shreyas J. Kashyap , Ravi Sankannavar , G.M. Madhu

Fluoride contamination in drinking water is a global issue. Frequent over-exposure to fluoride causes several health problems such as fluorosis, neurological, thyroid, osteoporosis, etc. The guideline values prescribed by the WHO and other nationals for fluoride in drinking water are reasonable but mostly relevant to fluorosis. However, these guideline values cannot be satisfied in some regions due to economic and financial shortcomings. Several fluorosis management techniques were suggested to address excess fluoride in drinking water, but each have specific drawbacks. Defluoridation techniques like the Nalgonda technique, reverse osmosis (RO), and adsorption using activated alumina have found to be promising to reduce fluoride concentration within the prescribed limits, and RO water is most widely used for drinking in fluorosis affected regions. However, these techniques are still associated with certain drawbacks, and prior research on this theme has focused on one dimension of removing excess fluoride from water. Hence, it is essential to understand the basic problems associated with fluoride contamination, such as sources of fluoride exposure, adverse health effects and defluoridation techniques feasibility. Furthermore, perception of the effect of co-existing ions with fluoride in drinking water is crucial in deciding fluoride toxicity level and developing efficient strategies for fluorosis mitigation.

饮用水中的氟化物污染是一个全球性问题。经常过度接触氟化物会导致多种健康问题,如氟中毒、神经系统、甲状腺、骨质疏松症等。世界卫生组织和其他国家规定的饮用水中氟化物的指导值是合理的,但主要与氟中毒有关。然而,由于经济和财政的不足,这些指标值在一些地区无法满足。提出了几种氟中毒管理技术来解决饮用水中过量的氟化物,但每种技术都有特定的缺点。纳尔贡达技术、反渗透(RO)和活性氧化铝吸附等除氟技术有望将氟浓度降低到规定的范围内,RO水是氟中毒影响地区最广泛使用的饮用水。然而,这些技术仍然存在某些缺点,先前对这一主题的研究主要集中在从水中去除过量氟化物的一个方面。因此,必须了解与氟污染有关的基本问题,例如氟接触的来源、对健康的不利影响和除氟技术的可行性。此外,了解饮用水中共存离子与氟化物的影响对于确定氟化物毒性水平和制定有效的氟中毒缓解战略至关重要。
{"title":"Fluoride sources, toxicity and fluorosis management techniques – A brief review","authors":"Shreyas J. Kashyap ,&nbsp;Ravi Sankannavar ,&nbsp;G.M. Madhu","doi":"10.1016/j.hazl.2021.100033","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hazl.2021.100033","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Fluoride contamination in drinking water is a global issue. Frequent over-exposure to fluoride causes several health problems such as fluorosis, neurological, thyroid, osteoporosis, etc. The guideline values prescribed by the WHO and other nationals for fluoride in drinking water are reasonable but mostly relevant to fluorosis. However, these guideline values cannot be satisfied in some regions due to economic and financial shortcomings. Several fluorosis management techniques were suggested to address excess fluoride in drinking water, but each have specific drawbacks. Defluoridation techniques like the Nalgonda technique, reverse osmosis (RO), and adsorption using activated alumina have found to be promising to reduce fluoride concentration within the prescribed limits, and RO water is most widely used for drinking in fluorosis affected regions. However, these techniques are still associated with certain drawbacks, and prior research on this theme has focused on one dimension of removing excess fluoride from water. Hence, it is essential to understand the basic problems associated with fluoride contamination, such as sources of fluoride exposure, adverse health effects and defluoridation techniques feasibility. Furthermore, perception of the effect of co-existing ions with fluoride in drinking water is crucial in deciding fluoride toxicity level and developing efficient strategies for fluorosis mitigation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":93463,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials letters","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100033"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.hazl.2021.100033","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"109272122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 30
Managing laboratory waste from HIV-related molecular testing: Lessons learned from African countries 管理与艾滋病毒有关的分子检测的实验室废物:从非洲国家吸取的经验教训
Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL Pub Date : 2021-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.hazl.2021.100030
Collins Otieno Odhiambo , Anafi Mataka , Getachew Kassa , Pascale Ondoa

Waste generated from HIV viral load (VL) testing contains potentially hazardous guanidinium thiocyanate (GTC). GTC is toxic to humans and can pollute waters and harm aquatic life if not disposed of appropriately. We assessed gaps in waste management (WM) policies, regulations and practices through a self-assessment scorecard and an online survey questionnaire among 11 African countries participating in a laboratory systems strengthening community of practice and receiving technical assistance to scale-up VL testing. We identified solutions from national stakeholders, technical agencies, and manufacturers to inform interventions for improving WM. Nine of 11 countries did not have WM policies/guidelines in place. Most Countries reported disposing liquid chemical waste into the sewer. Nine countries prioritised the development of policies as a multi-sectoral approach in the short term. High-temperature incineration through cement factory kilns was identified as an effective, inexpensive and high-capacity disposal option for GTC-containing waste in the short term. A long-term consideration with funding from governments and donors were infrastructural investments for conventional high-temperature incineration where cement factory kilns are unavailable/inaccessible. Adequate WM of GTC-containing waste through available funding could provide the necessary impetus to establish comprehensive WM systems addressing all types of healthcare waste through a multisectoral approach.

HIV病毒载量(VL)检测产生的废物含有潜在危险的硫氰酸胍(GTC)。GTC对人类有毒,如果处置不当,会污染水域并危害水生生物。我们通过自我评估计分卡和在线调查问卷,评估了11个非洲国家在废物管理(WM)政策、法规和实践方面的差距,这些国家参与了一个实验室系统,加强了实践社区,并接受了技术援助,以扩大VL测试。我们从国家利益相关者、技术机构和制造商那里确定了解决方案,为改善WM的干预措施提供信息。在11个国家中,有9个国家没有制定WM政策/指导方针。大多数国家报告将液态化学废物排入下水道。9个国家优先考虑在短期内作为多部门办法制定政策。通过水泥厂窑进行高温焚烧被确定为短期内处理含gtc废物的有效、廉价和高容量的选择。在政府和捐助者提供资金的情况下,一个长期考虑的问题是,在没有水泥厂窑的地方,对传统高温焚烧进行基础设施投资。通过现有资金对含gtc的废物进行充分的废物管理,可为建立全面的废物管理系统提供必要的动力,通过多部门方法处理所有类型的医疗废物。
{"title":"Managing laboratory waste from HIV-related molecular testing: Lessons learned from African countries","authors":"Collins Otieno Odhiambo ,&nbsp;Anafi Mataka ,&nbsp;Getachew Kassa ,&nbsp;Pascale Ondoa","doi":"10.1016/j.hazl.2021.100030","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hazl.2021.100030","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Waste generated from HIV viral load (VL) testing contains potentially hazardous guanidinium thiocyanate (GTC). GTC is toxic to humans and can pollute waters and harm aquatic life if not disposed of appropriately. We assessed gaps in waste management (WM) policies, regulations and practices through a self-assessment scorecard and an online survey questionnaire among 11 African countries participating in a laboratory systems strengthening community of practice and receiving technical assistance to scale-up VL testing. We identified solutions from national stakeholders, technical agencies, and manufacturers to inform interventions for improving WM. Nine of 11 countries did not have WM policies/guidelines in place. Most Countries reported disposing liquid chemical waste into the sewer. Nine countries prioritised the development of policies as a multi-sectoral approach in the short term. High-temperature incineration through cement factory kilns was identified as an effective, inexpensive and high-capacity disposal option for GTC-containing waste in the short term. A long-term consideration with funding from governments and donors were infrastructural investments for conventional high-temperature incineration where cement factory kilns are unavailable/inaccessible. Adequate WM of GTC-containing waste through available funding could provide the necessary impetus to establish comprehensive WM systems addressing all types of healthcare waste through a multisectoral approach.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":93463,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials letters","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100030"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.hazl.2021.100030","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39820340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Enhanced removal of perfluorooctane sulfonic acid and perfluorooctanoic acid via polyelectrolyte functionalized ultrafiltration membrane: Effects of membrane modification and water matrix 聚电解质功能化超滤膜对全氟辛烷磺酸和全氟辛酸的强化去除:膜改性和水基质的影响
Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL Pub Date : 2021-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.hazl.2021.100043
Kunal Olimattel , Lei Zhai , A.H.M. Anwar Sadmani

This study investigated the mechanisms of removal of perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) using polyelectrolyte (PE) functionalized ultrafiltration (UF) membranes, performed through a fluidic method of layer-by-layer (LbL) deposition of polyallylamine hydrochloride (PAH) and polyacrylic acid (PAA) multilayer coatings. The effects of source water composition (humic acids [HA] and cations [Ca2+ and Mg2+]) on PFOS and PFOA removal efficiency by the functionalized membrane were determined. PAH/PAA modification resulted in approximately 38 % and 9.2 % reduction in membrane molecular weight cut-off (MWCO) and porosity, respectively, leading to approximately 30 % increase in the removal of PFOS and PFOA primarily due to size exclusion. The presence of only HA led to 10–12 % higher removal of PFOS/A when compared to DI water; however, an increase in HA concentration did not further influence their removal efficiency. The coexistence of cations and HA resulted in significantly higher removal of PFOS and PFOA (up to 23 % higher for PFOS). Further enhancement of PFOS removal (14 % higher) was observed when cation concentrations were doubled, attributable to the interactions of PFOS/A with the source water components and the functionalized membrane, resulting in enhanced size and charge exclusion of macromolecular complexes including PFOS-cation-PFOS, PFOS-cation-HA, and PFOA-cation-HA.

研究了聚电解质(PE)功能化超滤(UF)膜去除全氟辛烷磺酸(PFOS)和全氟辛烷酸(PFOA)的机理,采用逐层(LbL)沉积聚烯丙胺盐酸盐(PAH)和聚丙烯酸(PAA)多层涂层的流态化方法。考察了水源水组成(腐植酸[HA]和阳离子[Ca2+和Mg2+])对PFOS和功能化膜去除PFOA效率的影响。PAH/PAA改性后,膜的分子量(MWCO)和孔隙率分别降低了约38%和9.2%,PFOS和PFOA的去除率增加了约30%,这主要是由于尺寸的排除。与去离子水相比,仅HA的存在可使全氟辛烷磺酸/A的去除率提高10 - 12%;然而,HA浓度的增加并没有进一步影响它们的去除率。阳离子和透明质酸共存导致全氟辛烷磺酸和全氟辛酸的去除率显著提高(全氟辛烷磺酸的去除率最高可提高23%)。由于PFOS/A与源水组分和功能化膜的相互作用,导致PFOS-阳离子-PFOS、PFOS-阳离子- ha和pfoa -阳离子- ha等大分子复合物的尺寸增大和电荷排除,当阳离子浓度增加一倍时,PFOS去除率进一步提高(提高14%)。
{"title":"Enhanced removal of perfluorooctane sulfonic acid and perfluorooctanoic acid via polyelectrolyte functionalized ultrafiltration membrane: Effects of membrane modification and water matrix","authors":"Kunal Olimattel ,&nbsp;Lei Zhai ,&nbsp;A.H.M. Anwar Sadmani","doi":"10.1016/j.hazl.2021.100043","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hazl.2021.100043","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigated the mechanisms of removal of perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) using polyelectrolyte (PE) functionalized ultrafiltration (UF) membranes, performed through a fluidic method of layer-by-layer (LbL) deposition of polyallylamine hydrochloride (PAH) and polyacrylic acid (PAA) multilayer coatings. The effects of source water composition (humic acids [HA] and cations [Ca<sup>2+</sup> and Mg<sup>2+</sup>]) on PFOS and PFOA removal efficiency by the functionalized membrane were determined. PAH/PAA modification resulted in approximately 38 % and 9.2 % reduction in membrane molecular weight cut-off (MWCO) and porosity, respectively, leading to approximately 30 % increase in the removal of PFOS and PFOA primarily due to size exclusion. The presence of only HA led to 10–12 % higher removal of PFOS/A when compared to DI water; however, an increase in HA concentration did not further influence their removal efficiency. The coexistence of cations and HA resulted in significantly higher removal of PFOS and PFOA (up to 23 % higher for PFOS). Further enhancement of PFOS removal (14 % higher) was observed when cation concentrations were doubled, attributable to the interactions of PFOS/A with the source water components and the functionalized membrane, resulting in enhanced size and charge exclusion of macromolecular complexes including PFOS-cation-PFOS, PFOS-cation-HA, and PFOA-cation-HA.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":93463,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials letters","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100043"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.hazl.2021.100043","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49575633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 12
Combined toxicity of soil antimony and cadmium on earthworm Eisenia fetida: Accumulation, biomarker responses and joint effect 土壤锑和镉对蚯蚓的联合毒性:积累、生物标志物反应和联合效应
Q1 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL Pub Date : 2021-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.hazl.2021.100018
Zhinan Xu, Zaifu Yang, Wenjun Shu, Tong Zhu

Antimony (Sb) and cadmium (Cd) coexisted in urban contaminated soil due to textile printing and dyeing waste water, but the environmental risks and ecotoxicological effects they caused are poorly understood. In this study, earthworm Eisenia fetida was exposed into soil spiked with Sb, Cd and their mixture, and multiple biomarker responses (protein, malonaldehyde (MDA), metallothionein (MT), reactive oxygen species (ROS), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and glutathione S-transferasesase (GST)) were measured to evaluate biological health status and joint effect via Biomarker rResponse Index (BRI) and Effect Addition Index (EAI). The results showed that earthworm could not accumulate Sb effectively, but Cd accumulation by earthworm indicated a well dose-response relationship between issue content and treatment level. Secondly, the protein content was overall decreased, and the contents of MDA, MT and ROS as well as the activities of SOD, POD, CAT, GST and ROS were increased, suggesting membrane lipid peroxidation and waken-up antioxidant capacity, among which GST was the most sensitive. Furthermore, severe alterations for health status were always found except under the antimony dosage of 5 mg/kg, and earthworm health status was more sensitive in presence of single Cd. According to EAI, a clear joint effect of antagonism was observed at whole range of combined treatment levels. This is a key study providing biomarker responses of soil Sb and evaluating the joint effect of Sb and Cd at different contents using earthworm Eisenia fetida, BRI and EAI.

城市印染废水污染土壤中锑(Sb)和镉(Cd)共存,但其造成的环境风险和生态毒理学效应尚不清楚。本研究将蚯蚓Eisenia fetida暴露于添加Sb、Cd及其混合物的土壤中,通过生物标志物反应指数(BRI)和谷胱甘肽s -转移酶(GST),测定多种生物标志物(蛋白质、丙二醛(MDA)、金属硫蛋白(MT)、活性氧(ROS)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)和谷胱甘肽s -转移酶(GST)),评价其生物健康状况和联合效应。结果表明,蚯蚓不能有效地积累锑,但蚯蚓对镉的积累与处理水平呈良好的量效关系。其次,蛋白质含量整体下降,MDA、MT、ROS含量以及SOD、POD、CAT、GST、ROS活性升高,提示膜脂过氧化和觉醒抗氧化能力,其中GST最为敏感。此外,除锑剂量为5 mg/kg外,蚯蚓的健康状况都发生了严重的变化,并且在单一镉的存在下,蚯蚓的健康状况更为敏感。根据EAI,在整个联合处理水平范围内观察到明显的联合拮抗效应。本研究是利用长条蚯蚓(Eisenia fetida)、BRI和EAI研究土壤Sb和Cd在不同含量下的生物标志物响应和联合效应的关键研究。
{"title":"Combined toxicity of soil antimony and cadmium on earthworm Eisenia fetida: Accumulation, biomarker responses and joint effect","authors":"Zhinan Xu,&nbsp;Zaifu Yang,&nbsp;Wenjun Shu,&nbsp;Tong Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.hazl.2021.100018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hazl.2021.100018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Antimony (Sb) and cadmium (Cd) coexisted in urban contaminated soil due to textile printing and dyeing waste water, but the environmental risks and ecotoxicological effects they caused are poorly understood. In this study, earthworm <em>Eisenia fetida</em> was exposed into soil spiked with Sb, Cd and their mixture, and multiple biomarker responses (protein, malonaldehyde (MDA), metallothionein (MT), reactive oxygen species (ROS), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and glutathione S-transferasesase (GST)) were measured to evaluate biological health status and joint effect via Biomarker rResponse Index (BRI) and Effect Addition Index (EAI). The results showed that earthworm could not accumulate Sb effectively, but Cd accumulation by earthworm indicated a well dose-response relationship between issue content and treatment level. Secondly, the protein content was overall decreased, and the contents of MDA, MT and ROS as well as the activities of SOD, POD, CAT, GST and ROS were increased, suggesting membrane lipid peroxidation and waken-up antioxidant capacity, among which GST was the most sensitive. Furthermore, severe alterations for health status were always found except under the antimony dosage of 5 mg/kg, and earthworm health status was more sensitive in presence of single Cd. According to EAI, a clear joint effect of antagonism was observed at whole range of combined treatment levels. This is a key study providing biomarker responses of soil Sb and evaluating the joint effect of Sb and Cd at different contents using earthworm <em>Eisenia fetida</em>, BRI and EAI.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":93463,"journal":{"name":"Journal of hazardous materials letters","volume":"2 ","pages":"Article 100018"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.hazl.2021.100018","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"107101813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 17
期刊
Journal of hazardous materials letters
全部 Acc. Chem. Res. ACS Applied Bio Materials ACS Appl. Electron. Mater. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces ACS Appl. Nano Mater. ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. ACS BIOMATER-SCI ENG ACS Catal. ACS Cent. Sci. ACS Chem. Biol. ACS Chemical Health & Safety ACS Chem. Neurosci. ACS Comb. Sci. ACS Earth Space Chem. ACS Energy Lett. ACS Infect. Dis. ACS Macro Lett. ACS Mater. Lett. ACS Med. Chem. Lett. ACS Nano ACS Omega ACS Photonics ACS Sens. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. ACS Synth. Biol. Anal. Chem. BIOCHEMISTRY-US Bioconjugate Chem. BIOMACROMOLECULES Chem. Res. Toxicol. Chem. Rev. Chem. Mater. CRYST GROWTH DES ENERG FUEL Environ. Sci. Technol. Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. IND ENG CHEM RES Inorg. Chem. J. Agric. Food. Chem. J. Chem. Eng. Data J. Chem. Educ. J. Chem. Inf. Model. J. Chem. Theory Comput. J. Med. Chem. J. Nat. Prod. J PROTEOME RES J. Am. Chem. Soc. LANGMUIR MACROMOLECULES Mol. Pharmaceutics Nano Lett. Org. Lett. ORG PROCESS RES DEV ORGANOMETALLICS J. Org. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. J. Phys. Chem. A J. Phys. Chem. B J. Phys. Chem. C J. Phys. Chem. Lett. Analyst Anal. Methods Biomater. Sci. Catal. Sci. Technol. Chem. Commun. Chem. Soc. Rev. CHEM EDUC RES PRACT CRYSTENGCOMM Dalton Trans. Energy Environ. Sci. ENVIRON SCI-NANO ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP ENVIRON SCI-WAT RES Faraday Discuss. Food Funct. Green Chem. Inorg. Chem. Front. Integr. Biol. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. J. Mater. Chem. A J. Mater. Chem. B J. Mater. Chem. C Lab Chip Mater. Chem. Front. Mater. Horiz. MEDCHEMCOMM Metallomics Mol. Biosyst. Mol. Syst. Des. Eng. Nanoscale Nanoscale Horiz. Nat. Prod. Rep. New J. Chem. Org. Biomol. Chem. Org. Chem. Front. PHOTOCH PHOTOBIO SCI PCCP Polym. Chem.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
0
微信
客服QQ
Book学术公众号 扫码关注我们
反馈
×
意见反馈
请填写您的意见或建议
请填写您的手机或邮箱
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
现在去查看 取消
×
提示
确定
Book学术官方微信
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术
文献互助 智能选刊 最新文献 互助须知 联系我们:info@booksci.cn
Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。
Copyright © 2023 Book学术 All rights reserved.
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号 京ICP备2023020795号-1