M. L. Hendrick, N. Abel, Makoutode Michel, M. Françoise
Introduction: In Africa, up to 20% of women who have had a caesarean section contract a nosocomial infection of surgical wounds, compromising their health and ability to care for their children. In the DRC the field of hospital hygiene is of little interest to researchers, so it is difficult to analyze the problem when it is a thorny public health problem. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study whose study population consisted of women, whose delivery was associated with surgery, including a caesarean section or an episiotomy. The data collection was exhaustive and one nosocomial case of surgical wounds was defined according to the WHO definition. Associated factors were evaluated by the prevalence ratio at the significance level p ˂ 0.05. Results: We obtained 443 surgical cases; of which 253 were caesarean sections 57.1% and 190 or 42.9% were episiotomies and the prevalence of nosocomial surgical wound infections was 9.9%. The risk of developing a nosocomial surgical site infection was 6.8 times high at the Congo Railroad Hospital (SNCC) and 5.0 times at Jason Sendwe General Referral Hospital than at the Hospital. The GeneralReference Hospital (HGR) of Kenya and its association were statistically significant (p = 0.0022). A statistically significant difference was observed between the rate of nosocomial infections of surgical wounds and the age group of pregnancy between 32 to 34 WS, parturient who gave birth in this age group was 4 times at the risk of developing nosocomial infection surgical wounds. Long stay of more than 10 days (p=0.0010), delivery by caesarean section (p=0.0481), parturient carrying the indwelling catheter (p = 0.0162) and taking antibiotics were associated with the onset of nosocomial infection of surgical wounds. Conclusion: The factors associated with nosocomial infections of surgical wounds in maternity wards of public hospitals in Lubumbashi are related to the state of the structures, to the health care administered to clients. It is necessary to improve the hygiene conditions of the maternities, to train the personnel on the measures of hygiene and to apply a good policy of use of the antibacterial ones.
{"title":"Factors Associated With the Nosocomial Infection of Surgical Wounds in the Maternity of Lubumbashi Public Hospitals in the Democratic Republic of the Congo","authors":"M. L. Hendrick, N. Abel, Makoutode Michel, M. Françoise","doi":"10.33425/2639-9458.1046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2639-9458.1046","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: In Africa, up to 20% of women who have had a caesarean section contract a nosocomial infection of surgical wounds, compromising their health and ability to care for their children. In the DRC the field of hospital hygiene is of little interest to researchers, so it is difficult to analyze the problem when it is a thorny public health problem. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study whose study population consisted of women, whose delivery was associated with surgery, including a caesarean section or an episiotomy. The data collection was exhaustive and one nosocomial case of surgical wounds was defined according to the WHO definition. Associated factors were evaluated by the prevalence ratio at the significance level p ˂ 0.05. Results: We obtained 443 surgical cases; of which 253 were caesarean sections 57.1% and 190 or 42.9% were episiotomies and the prevalence of nosocomial surgical wound infections was 9.9%. The risk of developing a nosocomial surgical site infection was 6.8 times high at the Congo Railroad Hospital (SNCC) and 5.0 times at Jason Sendwe General Referral Hospital than at the Hospital. The GeneralReference Hospital (HGR) of Kenya and its association were statistically significant (p = 0.0022). A statistically significant difference was observed between the rate of nosocomial infections of surgical wounds and the age group of pregnancy between 32 to 34 WS, parturient who gave birth in this age group was 4 times at the risk of developing nosocomial infection surgical wounds. Long stay of more than 10 days (p=0.0010), delivery by caesarean section (p=0.0481), parturient carrying the indwelling catheter (p = 0.0162) and taking antibiotics were associated with the onset of nosocomial infection of surgical wounds. Conclusion: The factors associated with nosocomial infections of surgical wounds in maternity wards of public hospitals in Lubumbashi are related to the state of the structures, to the health care administered to clients. It is necessary to improve the hygiene conditions of the maternities, to train the personnel on the measures of hygiene and to apply a good policy of use of the antibacterial ones.","PeriodicalId":93597,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology & infectious diseases (Wilmington, Del.)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41646972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: H. pylori is commonly incriminated in most cases of epigastric discomfort and stomach cancer. Aim: The study determined the prevalence of H. pylori infection among patients visiting out patient’s clinic. Methodology: Two hundred patients with age range 10-50 years attending clinics were recruited for the study and screened for H. Pylori infection. Ethical approval was obtained from the Ethics Committee of 4 different hospitals in Johannesburg as well as informed consent of the participants. Blood and Stool samples and breath from the Nostril were used for the investigation. Serological, Cultural and Urea Breath Test were methods used for assessment of the Blood, Stool and Expels respectively. Values obtained were statistically analyzed. Results: Seventy four (37%) patients tested positive to H. Pylori. Males had 47% positive cases while female were 53%. 66% of the black race tested positive while the white were 34%. Alcohol and Cigarette Consumers who tested positive were 29 (39%) and 26(35%) respectively. Hand washing after visiting toilet is 10(14%) and hand washing before meal is 9 (12%). Conclusion: The findings of this study showed that age, sex, race and some food substances consuming may predispose to H. prlori infection.
{"title":"The Prevalence of Helicobacter Pylori Infection among Outpatients Attending Hospitals in Johannesburg South Africa","authors":"Osuji Emmanuel Chinaka","doi":"10.33425/2639-9458.1047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2639-9458.1047","url":null,"abstract":"Background: H. pylori is commonly incriminated in most cases of epigastric discomfort and stomach cancer. Aim: The study determined the prevalence of H. pylori infection among patients visiting out patient’s clinic. Methodology: Two hundred patients with age range 10-50 years attending clinics were recruited for the study and screened for H. Pylori infection. Ethical approval was obtained from the Ethics Committee of 4 different hospitals in Johannesburg as well as informed consent of the participants. Blood and Stool samples and breath from the Nostril were used for the investigation. Serological, Cultural and Urea Breath Test were methods used for assessment of the Blood, Stool and Expels respectively. Values obtained were statistically analyzed. Results: Seventy four (37%) patients tested positive to H. Pylori. Males had 47% positive cases while female were 53%. 66% of the black race tested positive while the white were 34%. Alcohol and Cigarette Consumers who tested positive were 29 (39%) and 26(35%) respectively. Hand washing after visiting toilet is 10(14%) and hand washing before meal is 9 (12%). Conclusion: The findings of this study showed that age, sex, race and some food substances consuming may predispose to H. prlori infection.","PeriodicalId":93597,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology & infectious diseases (Wilmington, Del.)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42081504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Multidrug Resistance (MDR) by Gram-negative bacteria is no longer a mystery as studies by researchers has revealed that integrons are amongst the genetic elements responsible for antimicrobial resistance. Integrons are known to consist of Integrase gene, attI site and promoter region. Integrons harbours gene cassettes containing various MDR genes. Polymerase chain reaction and Gel electrophoresis are one of the common ways of detecting integrons in Gram-negative bacteria. As at the time of this review, 4 classes of integrons have been discovered by scientists with only class 1 – 3 known to be capable of inducing antibiotic resistance in Gram-negative bacteria. However, class 4 integrons found in Vibrio cholerae does not contain gene cassettes probably making it difficult for researchers and scientists to link it to antibiotic resistance. In Nigeria, integrons survey seems to have only been carried out in the south. Thus, it is imperative to conduct studies regarding the presence and distribution of integrons in the North and other areas where the survey has not been carried out in order to create awareness and promote antimicrobial resistance vigilance. The search for novel anti-integron genes compounds should be encouraged in order to tackle the antimicrobial resistance problems in pathogenic Gram-negative bacteria.
{"title":"Integron-Associated Multidrug Resistance among Gram-Negative Bacteria: A Review","authors":"Ma Li, F. Onwuliri, I. Onyimba, J. U Itelima","doi":"10.33425/2639-9458.1041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2639-9458.1041","url":null,"abstract":"Multidrug Resistance (MDR) by Gram-negative bacteria is no longer a mystery as studies by researchers has revealed that integrons are amongst the genetic elements responsible for antimicrobial resistance. Integrons are known to consist of Integrase gene, attI site and promoter region. Integrons harbours gene cassettes containing various MDR genes. Polymerase chain reaction and Gel electrophoresis are one of the common ways of detecting integrons in Gram-negative bacteria. As at the time of this review, 4 classes of integrons have been discovered by scientists with only class 1 – 3 known to be capable of inducing antibiotic resistance in Gram-negative bacteria. However, class 4 integrons found in Vibrio cholerae does not contain gene cassettes probably making it difficult for researchers and scientists to link it to antibiotic resistance. In Nigeria, integrons survey seems to have only been carried out in the south. Thus, it is imperative to conduct studies regarding the presence and distribution of integrons in the North and other areas where the survey has not been carried out in order to create awareness and promote antimicrobial resistance vigilance. The search for novel anti-integron genes compounds should be encouraged in order to tackle the antimicrobial resistance problems in pathogenic Gram-negative bacteria.","PeriodicalId":93597,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology & infectious diseases (Wilmington, Del.)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47201057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
O. Br, Manga Nm, D. Kà, Dieng Yemou, NDour Tidiane Cheik, S. Moussa
Objective: To describe the profile and evolution of patients admitted for cryptococcosis. Methodology: This study was cross-sectional, retrospective, descriptive and analytical. It was carried out in the Infectious Diseases Department of the Fann National University Hospital in Dakar from January 1, 2008 to July 31, 2012, including patients admitted for cryptococcosis. Results: Fifty-seven patients, including 53 men (68%), were included (1.2% of overall admissions). The average age was 40.9 ± 9.1 years. HIV infection (52 cases) was the main associated factor and the average TCD4 + cell was 101.3 ± 123.58 / mm3. The average patient consultation time was 44 days. There were 22 case of meningeal stiffness, 7 cases of focal signs, and 23 cases in coma. Cryptococcosis was neuromeningeal in 47 cases (82%). There were 13 cases of positive Cryptococcal antigenemia (25%). The lethality was 61.4%. It was higher in patients aged 30 to 49 years or with a deep coma (p <0.0001). Conclusion: The lethality associated with cryptococcosis remains high in our series. Prevention, early HIV infection management, and wider accessibility to antifungal therapies would improve its management.
{"title":"Prevalence and Associated Factors to Cryptococcosis in the Infectious Diseases Department of the National University Hospital Center of Fann in Dakar (Senegal)","authors":"O. Br, Manga Nm, D. Kà, Dieng Yemou, NDour Tidiane Cheik, S. Moussa","doi":"10.33425/2639-9458.1035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2639-9458.1035","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To describe the profile and evolution of patients admitted for cryptococcosis. Methodology: This study was cross-sectional, retrospective, descriptive and analytical. It was carried out in the Infectious Diseases Department of the Fann National University Hospital in Dakar from January 1, 2008 to July 31, 2012, including patients admitted for cryptococcosis. Results: Fifty-seven patients, including 53 men (68%), were included (1.2% of overall admissions). The average age was 40.9 ± 9.1 years. HIV infection (52 cases) was the main associated factor and the average TCD4 + cell was 101.3 ± 123.58 / mm3. The average patient consultation time was 44 days. There were 22 case of meningeal stiffness, 7 cases of focal signs, and 23 cases in coma. Cryptococcosis was neuromeningeal in 47 cases (82%). There were 13 cases of positive Cryptococcal antigenemia (25%). The lethality was 61.4%. It was higher in patients aged 30 to 49 years or with a deep coma (p <0.0001). Conclusion: The lethality associated with cryptococcosis remains high in our series. Prevention, early HIV infection management, and wider accessibility to antifungal therapies would improve its management.","PeriodicalId":93597,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology & infectious diseases (Wilmington, Del.)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47345051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Orbital pseudotumor (OP) also referred to as Non-specific orbital inflammatory syndrome (NOIS) has been associated with a wide range of inflammatory and autoimmune disorders and the exact etiology of this syndrome remains unknown. The differentiation of orbital cellulitis (OC) from OP is often complex leading to delays in appropriate treatment. Timely decision is crucial as both conditions are associated with intracranial complications and result in loss of vision. As compared to the few cases reported in literature, our case is unusual due to a history of mild chronic, relapsing-remitting course for over a year, without a clear diagnosis. Diagnosis is by exclusion, based on a thorough history, clinical presentation, and rapid response to corticosteroid treatment. It mimics orbital cellulitis or malignant lymphoma of the orbit because of the overlapping clinical manifestations. Our case emphasizes the importance of including this entity in the differential diagnosis of orbital cellulitis and the need for timely diagnosis and treatment to halt the progression of disease. This article provides a brief overview of OP, critical nature of the condition, clinical clues to diagnosis, and novel treatment options (steroid sparing agents) currently available for this condition. OP and NOIS are used interchangeably in this document.
{"title":"Orbital Pseudotumor: A Mimic of Orbital Cellulitis","authors":"S. Natesan, Brandon S. Twardy","doi":"10.33425/2639-9458.1036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2639-9458.1036","url":null,"abstract":"Orbital pseudotumor (OP) also referred to as Non-specific orbital inflammatory syndrome (NOIS) has been associated with a wide range of inflammatory and autoimmune disorders and the exact etiology of this syndrome remains unknown. The differentiation of orbital cellulitis (OC) from OP is often complex leading to delays in appropriate treatment. Timely decision is crucial as both conditions are associated with intracranial complications and result in loss of vision. As compared to the few cases reported in literature, our case is unusual due to a history of mild chronic, relapsing-remitting course for over a year, without a clear diagnosis. Diagnosis is by exclusion, based on a thorough history, clinical presentation, and rapid response to corticosteroid treatment. It mimics orbital cellulitis or malignant lymphoma of the orbit because of the overlapping clinical manifestations. Our case emphasizes the importance of including this entity in the differential diagnosis of orbital cellulitis and the need for timely diagnosis and treatment to halt the progression of disease. This article provides a brief overview of OP, critical nature of the condition, clinical clues to diagnosis, and novel treatment options (steroid sparing agents) currently available for this condition. OP and NOIS are used interchangeably in this document.","PeriodicalId":93597,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology & infectious diseases (Wilmington, Del.)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41628184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Safaa Al Khawaja, Ebrahim Al Romaihi, R. Agha, A. Mansoor
Miliary Tuberculosis (TB) is a severe, acute form of tuberculosis due to lymphohaematogenous dissemination of tubercle bacilli from a focal lesion. Here we are reporting 2 cases of miliary TB among HIV infected patients over the past 6 months, both patients have presented with non-specific symptoms which raise the importance of lowering the threshold of diagnosing miliary TB, particularly among high risk patients. Alongside we are presenting in this paper epidemiological review of Miliary TB in the kingdom of Bahrain over the past 10 years.
{"title":"Miliary Tuberculosis in Bahrain: Case Reports and Epidemiology Review","authors":"Safaa Al Khawaja, Ebrahim Al Romaihi, R. Agha, A. Mansoor","doi":"10.33425/2639-9458.1038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2639-9458.1038","url":null,"abstract":"Miliary Tuberculosis (TB) is a severe, acute form of tuberculosis due to lymphohaematogenous dissemination of tubercle bacilli from a focal lesion. Here we are reporting 2 cases of miliary TB among HIV infected patients over the past 6 months, both patients have presented with non-specific symptoms which raise the importance of lowering the threshold of diagnosing miliary TB, particularly among high risk patients. Alongside we are presenting in this paper epidemiological review of Miliary TB in the kingdom of Bahrain over the past 10 years.","PeriodicalId":93597,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology & infectious diseases (Wilmington, Del.)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48843915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Therapeutic Use of Guazulma Extract Ulmifolia lam of Northern Brazil","authors":"Paulo Antonio Rodrigues Gouveia","doi":"10.33425/2639-9458.1037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2639-9458.1037","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93597,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology & infectious diseases (Wilmington, Del.)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43523912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sepsis and septic shock are probably the least understood human disorders which worldwide take the lives of millions of patients. Sepsis may be defined as a multifactorial synergistic phenomenon where no unique damageassociated molecular patterns –alarming is identified which if successfully neutralized, might mitigate and protects against death in sepsis. Microorganisms which invade the blood stream may activate neutrophils to adhere to endothelial cells and to form oxidant – dependent nets rich in highly toxic nuclear histones claimed to be the main cause of death in sepsis due to the dysregulation of endothelial functions. However, the histone saga was recently critically debated since high levels circulating histones are also found in many clinical disorders unrelated to sepsis, therefore, histones may not be considered as a unique damage-associated molecular patternsalarming but as additional markers of severe cell damage. We hereby argue that the main cause of tissue damage in sepsis may be an end result of a synergism between the numerous neutrophils pro inflammatory agents and the multiplicity of similar pro inflammatory agents generated by hemolytic steptoccocci and by additional pathogenic microorganism which recruit large numbers PMNs to the inflammatory sites. It is recommended that in sepsis caused by hemolytic streptococci and by additional toxigenic bacteria, a use of cocktails of antagonists might be more beneficial therapeutic strategies and this in view of the total failure to treat sepsis only by administrations of single antagonists. Also, targeting PMNs by immunological strategies should be sought for, to mitigate synergies between leukocytes and microbial cells.
{"title":"The Pathogenesis of Sepsis: “If We Cannot beat them Alone Join Them?”","authors":"Korem Maya, Koren Erez, G-Santoyo Isaac","doi":"10.33425/2639-9458.1039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2639-9458.1039","url":null,"abstract":"Sepsis and septic shock are probably the least understood human disorders which worldwide take the lives of millions of patients. Sepsis may be defined as a multifactorial synergistic phenomenon where no unique damageassociated molecular patterns –alarming is identified which if successfully neutralized, might mitigate and protects against death in sepsis. Microorganisms which invade the blood stream may activate neutrophils to adhere to endothelial cells and to form oxidant – dependent nets rich in highly toxic nuclear histones claimed to be the main cause of death in sepsis due to the dysregulation of endothelial functions. However, the histone saga was recently critically debated since high levels circulating histones are also found in many clinical disorders unrelated to sepsis, therefore, histones may not be considered as a unique damage-associated molecular patternsalarming but as additional markers of severe cell damage. We hereby argue that the main cause of tissue damage in sepsis may be an end result of a synergism between the numerous neutrophils pro inflammatory agents and the multiplicity of similar pro inflammatory agents generated by hemolytic steptoccocci and by additional pathogenic microorganism which recruit large numbers PMNs to the inflammatory sites. It is recommended that in sepsis caused by hemolytic streptococci and by additional toxigenic bacteria, a use of cocktails of antagonists might be more beneficial therapeutic strategies and this in view of the total failure to treat sepsis only by administrations of single antagonists. Also, targeting PMNs by immunological strategies should be sought for, to mitigate synergies between leukocytes and microbial cells.","PeriodicalId":93597,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology & infectious diseases (Wilmington, Del.)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48274104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis (MRSE) and Methicillin sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) carriage is an independent risk factor for orthopedic surgical site infection (SSI). To determine whether a preoperative screening and decolonization protocols reduces MSSA, MRSA, and MRSE SSIs, we conducted a comparison of SSIs rate in the prescreening period with the post screening period of patients undergoing arthroscopic orthopedic surgery. Methods: Patients in the post screening period were screened initially for MRSA and MRSE by collecting nasal, axillary and surgical site swabs. One month after the start of screening and decolonization we experienced one patient with MSSA SSI. Since then MSSA was also included in the screening protocol starting end of October 2009. Carriers were decolonized with mupirocin nasal ointment 3 times daily for 5 days, and chlorhexidine bath once daily for 5 days before surgery. Results: During the study period 1108 patients under went preoperative screening. Among these 8 (0.7%) of patients were identified as MRSA carriers, 315 (28%) MRSE carriers and 206 (18%) were MSSA carriers. Overall 9 cases of SSIs were identified, 8 cases before screening, and one case after screening for MRSA and MRSE and no SSI were diagnosed after MSSA screening was added. Discussion and Conclusion: Orthopedic SSIs is disabling and associated with increased cost. They prolong total hospital stay and double readmission rate. Patients with orthopedic SSIs have substantially greater physical limitation and significant reduction in their quality of life. We conclude the implementation of a preoperative screening protocol for the identification and eradication of MRSA, MRSE and MSSA carriage and decolonization of patients undergoing orthopedic surgery is feasible and can lead to a significant reduction in surgical site infection. Research Article Citation: Widjaja Nicole, Dickinson Douglas, Shao Xueling, et al. Preoperative Screening and Decolonization Protocol for Methicillin – Resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Methicillin – Resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis and Methicillin Sensitive Staphylococcus aureus Prevents Orthopedic surgical Site Infections. Microbiol Infect Dis. 2018; 2(2): 1-8.
{"title":"Preoperative Screening and Decolonization Protocol for Methicillin – Resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Methicillin – Resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis and Methicillin Sensitive Staphylococcus aureus Prevents Orthopedic Surgical Site Infections","authors":"S. Elshafie, P. Landreau, N. Popović","doi":"10.33425/2639-9458.1031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33425/2639-9458.1031","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis (MRSE) and Methicillin sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) carriage is an independent risk factor for orthopedic surgical site infection (SSI). To determine whether a preoperative screening and decolonization protocols reduces MSSA, MRSA, and MRSE SSIs, we conducted a comparison of SSIs rate in the prescreening period with the post screening period of patients undergoing arthroscopic orthopedic surgery. Methods: Patients in the post screening period were screened initially for MRSA and MRSE by collecting nasal, axillary and surgical site swabs. One month after the start of screening and decolonization we experienced one patient with MSSA SSI. Since then MSSA was also included in the screening protocol starting end of October 2009. Carriers were decolonized with mupirocin nasal ointment 3 times daily for 5 days, and chlorhexidine bath once daily for 5 days before surgery. Results: During the study period 1108 patients under went preoperative screening. Among these 8 (0.7%) of patients were identified as MRSA carriers, 315 (28%) MRSE carriers and 206 (18%) were MSSA carriers. Overall 9 cases of SSIs were identified, 8 cases before screening, and one case after screening for MRSA and MRSE and no SSI were diagnosed after MSSA screening was added. Discussion and Conclusion: Orthopedic SSIs is disabling and associated with increased cost. They prolong total hospital stay and double readmission rate. Patients with orthopedic SSIs have substantially greater physical limitation and significant reduction in their quality of life. We conclude the implementation of a preoperative screening protocol for the identification and eradication of MRSA, MRSE and MSSA carriage and decolonization of patients undergoing orthopedic surgery is feasible and can lead to a significant reduction in surgical site infection. Research Article Citation: Widjaja Nicole, Dickinson Douglas, Shao Xueling, et al. Preoperative Screening and Decolonization Protocol for Methicillin – Resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Methicillin – Resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis and Methicillin Sensitive Staphylococcus aureus Prevents Orthopedic surgical Site Infections. Microbiol Infect Dis. 2018; 2(2): 1-8.","PeriodicalId":93597,"journal":{"name":"Microbiology & infectious diseases (Wilmington, Del.)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43241642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：