{"title":"Earl J. Hess, The Rifle Musket in Civil War Combat: Reality and Myth (Lawrence: University of ","authors":"Carl C. Creason","doi":"10.21971/P7BG6H","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21971/P7BG6H","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93671,"journal":{"name":"Past imperfect (Edmonton, Alta.)","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87967412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Conversion versus ethnography—how can one be both a missionary and an ethnographer? Is there not an inherent contradiction between trying to radically change a culture and society through religious conversion, while simultaneously trying to “scientifically” record the same culture and society? Yet, many missionaries found themselves in the situation of attempting to preserve via their academic writings the very cultures and societies they condemned and sought to change in their religious career. This article is about one such missionary, Adrien Gabriel Morice, Oblate missionary to the Tsilhqot’in (Chilcotin), Dakelh (Carrier) and Tse Keh Nay (Sekani) of northern central British Columbia. It examines how he dealt with this inherent contradiction and concludes that not only did it hinder his conversion of First Nations, but also prevented him from making the academic move from Enlightenment ethnology to social Darwinism and Boasian anthropology. Nevertheless, despite the fact that this inherent contradiction cost him his mission post at Stuart Lake in 1903, Morice benefitted from his first-hand experience at that post and became influential as an ethnographer with regards to Dakelh social organization, religion, burial practices and gender. In this achievement, he was able to leave a lasting legacy despite the inherent contradiction between his role as a missionary and as an ethnographer.
{"title":"Conversion versus Ethnography: Adrien Gabriel Morice and the Western Dene","authors":"Daniel Sims","doi":"10.21971/P7VG65","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21971/P7VG65","url":null,"abstract":"Conversion versus ethnography—how can one be both a missionary and an ethnographer? Is there not an inherent contradiction between trying to radically change a culture and society through religious conversion, while simultaneously trying to “scientifically” record the same culture and society? Yet, many missionaries found themselves in the situation of attempting to preserve via their academic writings the very cultures and societies they condemned and sought to change in their religious career. This article is about one such missionary, Adrien Gabriel Morice, Oblate missionary to the Tsilhqot’in (Chilcotin), Dakelh (Carrier) and Tse Keh Nay (Sekani) of northern central British Columbia. It examines how he dealt with this inherent contradiction and concludes that not only did it hinder his conversion of First Nations, but also prevented him from making the academic move from Enlightenment ethnology to social Darwinism and Boasian anthropology. Nevertheless, despite the fact that this inherent contradiction cost him his mission post at Stuart Lake in 1903, Morice benefitted from his first-hand experience at that post and became influential as an ethnographer with regards to Dakelh social organization, religion, burial practices and gender. In this achievement, he was able to leave a lasting legacy despite the inherent contradiction between his role as a missionary and as an ethnographer.","PeriodicalId":93671,"journal":{"name":"Past imperfect (Edmonton, Alta.)","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73780621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Tanya Maria Golash-Boza, Yo Soy Negro: Blackness in Peru (Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2011).","authors":"N. Carroll","doi":"10.21971/P7G88F","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21971/P7G88F","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93671,"journal":{"name":"Past imperfect (Edmonton, Alta.)","volume":"77 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80209846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This essay discusses the Yugoslav-Soviet relations from the end of the Second World War until early 1948, when Stalin expelled Tito from the international communist movement. The primary focus is on the interaction of Moscow and Belgrade’s policies towards Albania, which until the middle of 1947 revealed the strength of the Yugoslav-Soviet relationship. Likewise, Stalin chose Albania to be the main frontline of the conflict when he turned against Tito. The demise of the Yugoslav-Soviet alliance, however, was not caused by the competition between Tito and Stalin for influence in Albania. Although Belgrade placed Moscow in the centre of its foreign policy by seeking the latter’s approval and support for its expansionism, Kremlin’s policies were dictated by considerations far greater than the bilateral ties between the two countries. When Soviet policy makers became convinced that the American commitment to Western Europe was permanent in the wake of the Marshall Plan, Kremlin decided to Stalinize the nascent communist bloc. In view of its popularity at home and assertiveness abroad, the Titoist regime was bound to be the primary victim of the Stalinization drive.
{"title":"The Rise and Fall of the Yugoslav-Soviet Alliance, 1945-1948","authors":"Vojin Majstorović","doi":"10.21971/P7160P","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21971/P7160P","url":null,"abstract":"This essay discusses the Yugoslav-Soviet relations from the end of the Second World War until early 1948, when Stalin expelled Tito from the international communist movement. The primary focus is on the interaction of Moscow and Belgrade’s policies towards Albania, which until the middle of 1947 revealed the strength of the Yugoslav-Soviet relationship. Likewise, Stalin chose Albania to be the main frontline of the conflict when he turned against Tito. The demise of the Yugoslav-Soviet alliance, however, was not caused by the competition between Tito and Stalin for influence in Albania. Although Belgrade placed Moscow in the centre of its foreign policy by seeking the latter’s approval and support for its expansionism, Kremlin’s policies were dictated by considerations far greater than the bilateral ties between the two countries. When Soviet policy makers became convinced that the American commitment to Western Europe was permanent in the wake of the Marshall Plan, Kremlin decided to Stalinize the nascent communist bloc. In view of its popularity at home and assertiveness abroad, the Titoist regime was bound to be the primary victim of the Stalinization drive.","PeriodicalId":93671,"journal":{"name":"Past imperfect (Edmonton, Alta.)","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82705394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Joan Hoff, A Faustian Foreign Policy from Woodrow Wilson to George W. Bush: Dreams of Perfectibility (New York: Cambridge University Press, 2008).","authors":"Rylan Kafara","doi":"10.21971/P7H88R","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21971/P7H88R","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93671,"journal":{"name":"Past imperfect (Edmonton, Alta.)","volume":"306 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78807823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper takes a quantitative and spatial analytical approach to the papyri excavated from the Graco-Roman Egyptian town of Karanis. It attempts to accomplish two things. Firstly, it breaks down the descriptive attributes of the papyrological assemblage as a whole, giving a sense of the types of texts, authors, dates and languages involved. The goal of this part of the paper is to overcome the past tendency of publishing individual texts or small archives without their larger context. Secondly, the paper plots the proveniences of papyri from Karanis using a Geographic Information System or GIS. Papyri are used as proxies for socio-economic status and literacy. Plotting the proveniences shows a distinct lack of a single cluster of papyri, revealing instead either several clusters or an even distribution. This suggests the lack of a single wealth or literate center within the town of Karanis. Future studies hope to include both archaeological artifacts and more stratigraphic layers in the GIS spatial analysis.
{"title":"Texts and Artifacts: A Spatial Analysis of Papyri at Karanis","authors":"R. Stephan","doi":"10.21971/P75017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21971/P75017","url":null,"abstract":"This paper takes a quantitative and spatial analytical approach to the papyri excavated from the Graco-Roman Egyptian town of Karanis. It attempts to accomplish two things. Firstly, it breaks down the descriptive attributes of the papyrological assemblage as a whole, giving a sense of the types of texts, authors, dates and languages involved. The goal of this part of the paper is to overcome the past tendency of publishing individual texts or small archives without their larger context. Secondly, the paper plots the proveniences of papyri from Karanis using a Geographic Information System or GIS. Papyri are used as proxies for socio-economic status and literacy. Plotting the proveniences shows a distinct lack of a single cluster of papyri, revealing instead either several clusters or an even distribution. This suggests the lack of a single wealth or literate center within the town of Karanis. Future studies hope to include both archaeological artifacts and more stratigraphic layers in the GIS spatial analysis.","PeriodicalId":93671,"journal":{"name":"Past imperfect (Edmonton, Alta.)","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90871479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Review Essay discusses issues addressed in Jens-Christian Wagner's "Produktion des Todes", in the English Language.
评论文章讨论了在延斯-克里斯蒂安·瓦格纳的“生产des Todes”，在英语语言解决的问题。
{"title":"Jens-Christian Wagner, Produktion des Todes. Das KZ Mittelbau-Dora (Production of Death: The Concentration Camp Mittelbau-Dora), 2nd ed. (Göttingen: Wallstein Verlag, 2004).","authors":"C. Grieb","doi":"10.21971/P7N01K","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21971/P7N01K","url":null,"abstract":"Review Essay discusses issues addressed in Jens-Christian Wagner's \"Produktion des Todes\", in the English Language.","PeriodicalId":93671,"journal":{"name":"Past imperfect (Edmonton, Alta.)","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73497335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Health in the context of frontier boomtown communities represents an underdeveloped topic of research both within the social sciences and beyond. Studies of such historic communities offer insight into the human condition in past populations. They provide valuable observations with far-reaching modern-day applications, as many of the issues faced by the Klondike Gold Rushers are similarly experienced by those residing in single-industry and resource communities experiencing fast change in the remote wilderness. These communities present a unique biosocial context for the experience of disease and disorders, as is evident in the case of both scurvy and smallpox when they erupted in the Klondike gold fields. Yet, for various reasons, these diseases remained invisible when quantitative data sources only were used. The important implications that these sicknesses held for the health status of the gold rushers would thus have been undetected had analysis focused solely upon the customary morbidity and mortality data sources, resulting in a distorted view of the human condition in the context of this celebrated event in Canadian history. Only when qualitative materials are also explored does the full picture of the health in this historic population come into focus, while also revealing much more about life in this particular time and place than simply what illnesses the Klondikers suffered and died from.
{"title":"“It Depends on Where You Look”: The Unusual Presentation of Scurvy and Smallpox Among Klondike Gold Rushers as Revealed Through Qualitative Data Sources","authors":"M. Highet","doi":"10.21971/P7J59D","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21971/P7J59D","url":null,"abstract":"Health in the context of frontier boomtown communities represents an underdeveloped topic of research both within the social sciences and beyond. Studies of such historic communities offer insight into the human condition in past populations. They provide valuable observations with far-reaching modern-day applications, as many of the issues faced by the Klondike Gold Rushers are similarly experienced by those residing in single-industry and resource communities experiencing fast change in the remote wilderness. These communities present a unique biosocial context for the experience of disease and disorders, as is evident in the case of both scurvy and smallpox when they erupted in the Klondike gold fields. Yet, for various reasons, these diseases remained invisible when quantitative data sources only were used. The important implications that these sicknesses held for the health status of the gold rushers would thus have been undetected had analysis focused solely upon the customary morbidity and mortality data sources, resulting in a distorted view of the human condition in the context of this celebrated event in Canadian history. Only when qualitative materials are also explored does the full picture of the health in this historic population come into focus, while also revealing much more about life in this particular time and place than simply what illnesses the Klondikers suffered and died from.","PeriodicalId":93671,"journal":{"name":"Past imperfect (Edmonton, Alta.)","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73557335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The government of the Dominion of Canada hoped their western territory would be filled with immigrants eager to work the land and further strengthen the British Empire in the early 20th century. British stock were viewed as ideal settlers as they would be able to represent and maintain the customs and behavior of the British Empire. Many brought with them to the Canadian frontier a variety of traditions - one of which was the habit of drinking tea. How did tea reinforce British identity and Empire in the Canadian West in the late 19th and early 20th centuries? This paper contends that tea was a powerful tool for nation builders because it reinforced British identity and empire.
{"title":"Westward the Course of Empire Takes Its Way Through Tea","authors":"L. Holmes","doi":"10.21971/P78P46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21971/P78P46","url":null,"abstract":"The government of the Dominion of Canada hoped their western territory would be filled with immigrants eager to work the land and further strengthen the British Empire in the early 20th century. British stock were viewed as ideal settlers as they would be able to represent and maintain the customs and behavior of the British Empire. Many brought with them to the Canadian frontier a variety of traditions - one of which was the habit of drinking tea. How did tea reinforce British identity and Empire in the Canadian West in the late 19th and early 20th centuries? This paper contends that tea was a powerful tool for nation builders because it reinforced British identity and empire.","PeriodicalId":93671,"journal":{"name":"Past imperfect (Edmonton, Alta.)","volume":"184 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74167702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In 1971, U.S. Senator Mike Mansfield introduced a proposal calling for a fifty percent reduction of the number of U.S. troops stationed in Europe. The proposal was ultimately voted down in the Senate but it sparked sweeping changes in the defence policies of some major NATO nations. This paper examines the pre and post “Mansfield Amendment” defence policies of Britain, France, and West Germany, and strives to answer the question of how a single failed Senate proposal could lead three major NATO countries to drastically change their defence policies.
{"title":"Troop Withdrawals from Europe: Cold War American Foreign Policy and Military Strategy","authors":"Allen Pietrobon","doi":"10.21971/P7BP4T","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21971/P7BP4T","url":null,"abstract":"In 1971, U.S. Senator Mike Mansfield introduced a proposal calling for a fifty percent reduction of the number of U.S. troops stationed in Europe. The proposal was ultimately voted down in the Senate but it sparked sweeping changes in the defence policies of some major NATO nations. This paper examines the pre and post “Mansfield Amendment” defence policies of Britain, France, and West Germany, and strives to answer the question of how a single failed Senate proposal could lead three major NATO countries to drastically change their defence policies.","PeriodicalId":93671,"journal":{"name":"Past imperfect (Edmonton, Alta.)","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72648442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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