Pub Date : 2023-03-30DOI: 10.31489/2023bmg1/143-150
U. Kozhaniyazova, S. Abdreshov, G. Demchenko, N. Bgatova, S. Shynybekova
Thе pаpеr prеsеnts dаta on thе morphofunctionаl stаtе and microstructurе of thе thyroid glаnd in experimentаl hypothyroidism and under conditions of correction. Experiments were carried out on 45 linear SpraqueDawley (SD) male rats weighing 250±3 g in accordance with ethical standards. The research results showed in animals with experimental hypothyroidism, when using a bioactive composition consisting of Potentilla white and iodine-containing Balm “Renaissance plus” in powder, in the follicles of the thyroid gland there is the appearance of clusters (islets) of cells, indicating the regeneration of thyroid tissue. In the peripheral part of the thyroid gland, follicles with an intrafollicular colloid and blood capillaries of moderate blood filling are revealed. However, the interfollicular epithelium was not detected in this zone. After the application of the bioactive composition, the proliferation of the follicular epithelium persists with secretion into the lumеn of the folliclеоr in thе fоrm оf thе appеarancеоf pаpillаry outgrowths in the follicle wall. This reflects an increase in the number of actively functioning thyrocytes and is of a compensatory nature. In animals after correction, follicles containing different amounts of thyroglobulin are detected, restoration of the interfollicular structure is observed. The positive effect of the applied substances on the structurеs оf thе thyroid gland іn experimental hypothyroidism has been shown.
{"title":"New composition for correction of thyroid structures in experimental hypothyroidism","authors":"U. Kozhaniyazova, S. Abdreshov, G. Demchenko, N. Bgatova, S. Shynybekova","doi":"10.31489/2023bmg1/143-150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31489/2023bmg1/143-150","url":null,"abstract":"Thе pаpеr prеsеnts dаta on thе morphofunctionаl stаtе and microstructurе of thе thyroid glаnd in experimentаl hypothyroidism and under conditions of correction. Experiments were carried out on 45 linear SpraqueDawley (SD) male rats weighing 250±3 g in accordance with ethical standards. The research results showed in animals with experimental hypothyroidism, when using a bioactive composition consisting of Potentilla white and iodine-containing Balm “Renaissance plus” in powder, in the follicles of the thyroid gland there is the appearance of clusters (islets) of cells, indicating the regeneration of thyroid tissue. In the peripheral part of the thyroid gland, follicles with an intrafollicular colloid and blood capillaries of moderate blood filling are revealed. However, the interfollicular epithelium was not detected in this zone. After the application of the bioactive composition, the proliferation of the follicular epithelium persists with secretion into the lumеn of the folliclеоr in thе fоrm оf thе appеarancеоf pаpillаry outgrowths in the follicle wall. This reflects an increase in the number of actively functioning thyrocytes and is of a compensatory nature. In animals after correction, follicles containing different amounts of thyroglobulin are detected, restoration of the interfollicular structure is observed. The positive effect of the applied substances on the structurеs оf thе thyroid gland іn experimental hypothyroidism has been shown.","PeriodicalId":9377,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Karaganda University. “Biology, medicine, geography Series”","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88783203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Alimzhanova, S. Tleukenova, G. I. Kulikova, N. S. Zinner
An important component in the daily preparation of nutritious food, as well as in the preservation of products, is spicy-aromatic plants. Essential oils and other physiologically active substances included in their composition excite the activity of the gustatory and digestive organs, cause appetite, enhance digestibility, favorably affect metabolism, the activity of the nervous and cardiovascular systems, and the general condition of a person. In order to obtain renewable raw materials that preserve the group chemical composition and biological activity, this review examines a promising direction of a biotechnological method for obtaining a product — hydroponics. Some advantages of using this method in the cultivation of medicinal plants have been identified. In most hydroponic systems, there is constant access to the roots, which allows you to solve possible problems with pathogens. It was found that if the health of the plant is strengthened, then productivity and yield will increase. And in the field of nutrition, many analyzes have been carried out, which consistently demonstrate a large, often twofold increase in the amount of vitamins and mineral salts. This also applies to the active substances in medicinal plants. The directions of further study are also clearly defined.
{"title":"A literary review on the hydroponic method of growing some medicinal plants","authors":"A. Alimzhanova, S. Tleukenova, G. I. Kulikova, N. S. Zinner","doi":"10.31489/2023bmg1/22-27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31489/2023bmg1/22-27","url":null,"abstract":"An important component in the daily preparation of nutritious food, as well as in the preservation of products, is spicy-aromatic plants. Essential oils and other physiologically active substances included in their composition excite the activity of the gustatory and digestive organs, cause appetite, enhance digestibility, favorably affect metabolism, the activity of the nervous and cardiovascular systems, and the general condition of a person. In order to obtain renewable raw materials that preserve the group chemical composition and biological activity, this review examines a promising direction of a biotechnological method for obtaining a product — hydroponics. Some advantages of using this method in the cultivation of medicinal plants have been identified. In most hydroponic systems, there is constant access to the roots, which allows you to solve possible problems with pathogens. It was found that if the health of the plant is strengthened, then productivity and yield will increase. And in the field of nutrition, many analyzes have been carried out, which consistently demonstrate a large, often twofold increase in the amount of vitamins and mineral salts. This also applies to the active substances in medicinal plants. The directions of further study are also clearly defined.","PeriodicalId":9377,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Karaganda University. “Biology, medicine, geography Series”","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80979199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-30DOI: 10.31489/2023bmg1/151-159
G. B. Baishagirova, Margarita Y Ishmuratova, G. Atazhanova, M. Smagulov
Introduction of new plant species into medical practice requires pharmacognostic research, including determination of macro- and microscopic parameters of plant raw materials. The article presents the results of anatomical and morphological study of aboveground organs of Tripleurospermum inodorum (L.) Sch. Bip., collected in natural conditions in the flowering phase. The plant exhibits anticoagulant properties, has softening, antispasmodic and analgesic properties, and exhibits antibacterial activity. According to the results of the analysis of morphological and anatomical indicators of trice berries unpalatable determined diagnostic signs of raw materials at the macro- and microscopic level. So, at macroscopic level the following signs are defined: a shape, color of a stem from a surface and color on a break; a shape and degree of dissection of a leaf plate, the form of final lobules of leaflets; a shape of a flower basket, features of a structure of leaves of a coverlet, a flower spike; a structure and a form of tubular and bell-shaped flowers. At the microscopic level, the signs of Tripleurospermum inodorum raw material are as follows: shape and structure of the stem, placement of the main tissues; shape and structure of the epidermal cells of the flower corolla and the wrapper leaves, location of receptacles and essential-oil glands. The received results can enter the project of normative documents on vegetative raw materials of the given kind.
{"title":"Pharmacognostic study of raw materials Tripleurospermum inodorum (L.) Sch. Bip.","authors":"G. B. Baishagirova, Margarita Y Ishmuratova, G. Atazhanova, M. Smagulov","doi":"10.31489/2023bmg1/151-159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31489/2023bmg1/151-159","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction of new plant species into medical practice requires pharmacognostic research, including determination of macro- and microscopic parameters of plant raw materials. The article presents the results of anatomical and morphological study of aboveground organs of Tripleurospermum inodorum (L.) Sch. Bip., collected in natural conditions in the flowering phase. The plant exhibits anticoagulant properties, has softening, antispasmodic and analgesic properties, and exhibits antibacterial activity. According to the results of the analysis of morphological and anatomical indicators of trice berries unpalatable determined diagnostic signs of raw materials at the macro- and microscopic level. So, at macroscopic level the following signs are defined: a shape, color of a stem from a surface and color on a break; a shape and degree of dissection of a leaf plate, the form of final lobules of leaflets; a shape of a flower basket, features of a structure of leaves of a coverlet, a flower spike; a structure and a form of tubular and bell-shaped flowers. At the microscopic level, the signs of Tripleurospermum inodorum raw material are as follows: shape and structure of the stem, placement of the main tissues; shape and structure of the epidermal cells of the flower corolla and the wrapper leaves, location of receptacles and essential-oil glands. The received results can enter the project of normative documents on vegetative raw materials of the given kind.","PeriodicalId":9377,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Karaganda University. “Biology, medicine, geography Series”","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91381375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Altynai Bigazinovna Ismagulova, Z. Tulegenova, A. Spanbayev, Aida Shalabayeva
The paper studies the causative agent of fungal gray rot, a harmful pathogen that affects the fruits of strawberry species that are in high demand and berries of which have beneficial properties. The purpose of the research work: to isolate the fungus Botrytis cinerea, the causative agent of the harmful pathogen of the fruit Fragaria moschata, and to study it comprehensively. That is, to identify the pathogen by separating fungal cultures and identifying it by molecular-genetic method and determining its pathogenicity by re-inoculation. The disease of gray rot causes enormous damage to the strawberry plant not only during the growing season, but also after harvesting, worsening the quality of the product. Therefore, a comprehensive study and identification of harmful fungal pathogens will serve as a practical basis for preventing the disease and organizing measures to combat it. Isolation of accumulative and pure cultures by growing in a solid nutrient medium from damaged strawberry fruits and identification by morphological-cultural and molecular-genetic methods, as a result of the analysis, 99.62 % corresponded to the species Botrytis cinerea. Pathogenicity is proven by inoculation in strawberry fruits. The pathogen fungus Botrytis cinerea, which causes significant damage to Strawberry Fields in the country, has been identified by modern molecular and gentian methods and serves as the basis for organizing further measures to combat it.
{"title":"Study of the fungus Botrytis cinerea that damages strawberry species","authors":"Altynai Bigazinovna Ismagulova, Z. Tulegenova, A. Spanbayev, Aida Shalabayeva","doi":"10.31489/2023bmg1/61-68","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31489/2023bmg1/61-68","url":null,"abstract":"The paper studies the causative agent of fungal gray rot, a harmful pathogen that affects the fruits of strawberry species that are in high demand and berries of which have beneficial properties. The purpose of the research work: to isolate the fungus Botrytis cinerea, the causative agent of the harmful pathogen of the fruit Fragaria moschata, and to study it comprehensively. That is, to identify the pathogen by separating fungal cultures and identifying it by molecular-genetic method and determining its pathogenicity by re-inoculation. The disease of gray rot causes enormous damage to the strawberry plant not only during the growing season, but also after harvesting, worsening the quality of the product. Therefore, a comprehensive study and identification of harmful fungal pathogens will serve as a practical basis for preventing the disease and organizing measures to combat it. Isolation of accumulative and pure cultures by growing in a solid nutrient medium from damaged strawberry fruits and identification by morphological-cultural and molecular-genetic methods, as a result of the analysis, 99.62 % corresponded to the species Botrytis cinerea. Pathogenicity is proven by inoculation in strawberry fruits. The pathogen fungus Botrytis cinerea, which causes significant damage to Strawberry Fields in the country, has been identified by modern molecular and gentian methods and serves as the basis for organizing further measures to combat it.","PeriodicalId":9377,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Karaganda University. “Biology, medicine, geography Series”","volume":"101 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76845406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-30DOI: 10.31489/2023bmg1/160-166
Gabit Gabdullowich Meyramov, K. Kohnert, Altynay Zhuparovna Shaibek, Fatima Abikenova, Kymishan Slyamgasievna Temireeva, K. A. Elshina, Aizhan Gabitovna Meyramova
Methods for analysis the state of histostructure and insulin and zinc content in pancreatic tissue allow to estimate either a state of histostructure alone or visual insulin content in ß-cells. Zinc content indicating the content of deposited insulin and the ability of ß-cells to form this form of hormone is possible using an additional method that increases the volume of work and complicates investigation. Authors have proposed a method that allows to simultaneously evaluate both the state of the histostructure and the quantitative content of deposited insulin and zinc in ß-cells of the pancreas. It has been experimentally confirmed that both the aldehyde-fucshsin method of insulin staining and Dithizone method for staining of zinc-ions in ß-cells can be separately used simultaneously for quantitative analysis of the content of deposited insulin and zinc in ß-cells. It has been experimentally confirmed that both the aldehyde-fucshsin method of insulin staining and the Dithizone method of detecting zinc in ß-cells can be separately used simultaneously for quantitative analysis of the content of deposited insulin and zinc in ß-cells. The use of both methods allows not only to assess the state of the histostructure, but to assess the content and functional ability of ß-cells to synthesize insulin, as well as to form its deposited form using zinc.
{"title":"Indirect method of histochemical assessment of insulin content in pancreatic β-cells","authors":"Gabit Gabdullowich Meyramov, K. Kohnert, Altynay Zhuparovna Shaibek, Fatima Abikenova, Kymishan Slyamgasievna Temireeva, K. A. Elshina, Aizhan Gabitovna Meyramova","doi":"10.31489/2023bmg1/160-166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31489/2023bmg1/160-166","url":null,"abstract":"Methods for analysis the state of histostructure and insulin and zinc content in pancreatic tissue allow to estimate either a state of histostructure alone or visual insulin content in ß-cells. Zinc content indicating the content of deposited insulin and the ability of ß-cells to form this form of hormone is possible using an additional method that increases the volume of work and complicates investigation. Authors have proposed a method that allows to simultaneously evaluate both the state of the histostructure and the quantitative content of deposited insulin and zinc in ß-cells of the pancreas. It has been experimentally confirmed that both the aldehyde-fucshsin method of insulin staining and Dithizone method for staining of zinc-ions in ß-cells can be separately used simultaneously for quantitative analysis of the content of deposited insulin and zinc in ß-cells. It has been experimentally confirmed that both the aldehyde-fucshsin method of insulin staining and the Dithizone method of detecting zinc in ß-cells can be separately used simultaneously for quantitative analysis of the content of deposited insulin and zinc in ß-cells. The use of both methods allows not only to assess the state of the histostructure, but to assess the content and functional ability of ß-cells to synthesize insulin, as well as to form its deposited form using zinc.","PeriodicalId":9377,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Karaganda University. “Biology, medicine, geography Series”","volume":"98 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76527851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-30DOI: 10.31489/2023bmg1/135-142
Bauyrzhan Alpysbayuly Turalin, Gulshat Mukanova Atayeva, lrina Zhumabaevna Moldekova, Serim Tynyshtykbaevich Syrymbetov, Ahdumurat Abdukarimov, K. Abidkulova, N. Kurbatova, Aset Kambaruly Saskebai
The article presents the results of a study of the anatomy of the vegetative organs (shoots, buds, leaf blades, and petioles) of Populus pruinosa Schrenk. The studied species are part of the vulnerable, tertiary relict species has status 2 (U) in the floristic complex of the Aktobe region The research material was collected in two populations of Populus pruinosa Schrenk: the first population grows in the Irgiz region, 10 km southeast of the village. Tauip, 143 m a.s.l., N 48.11267°, Е 62.11620° the second population is in the Irgiz region, 35 km (Zhylandy area) in the southern part of the village. Nura 167 m a.s.l., N 48,74523°, Е 62,51491° the species grows on sands and pebbles, solonchaks singly or in groves along rivers, which have undergone anatomical and morphological studies at the microscopic and macroscopic levels.The choice of the topic was made in accordance with the endemicity, significance, and relevance of biodiversity conservation issues. Natural populations are of particular importance for research because they reflect many aspects of interest to science, such as the life cycle, anatomical structure, and life expectancy. The obtained information about the features of the anatomical structure of the vegetative organs of Populus pruinosa Schrenk will be used in the future for the diagnosis of this species when studying its phytochemical composition.
本文介绍了对白杨(Populus pruinosa Schrenk)营养器官(芽、芽、叶片和叶柄)的解剖研究结果。研究物种是Aktobe地区植物区系中地位为2 (U)级的脆弱第三系孑遗物种。研究材料采集自两个种群:第一个种群生长在村庄东南10公里处的Irgiz地区。Tauip, 143m a.s.l.， n48.11267°，Е 62.11620°第二人口在Irgiz地区，35公里(Zhylandy地区)在村庄的南部。Nura 167 m a.s.l, N 48,74523°，Е 62,51491°，生长在沙石、砾石上，单独生长在河岸上，也生长在小树林中，在微观和宏观水平上进行了解剖学和形态学研究。选题是根据生物多样性保护问题的地方性、重要性和相关性来选择的。自然种群对研究特别重要，因为它们反映了科学感兴趣的许多方面，如生命周期、解剖结构和预期寿命。所获得的有关白杨营养器官解剖结构特征的信息，将为今后研究其植物化学成分时对该树种的诊断提供依据。
{"title":"Comparison of the anatomical structure of two populations of the relict species Populus pruinosa Schrenk (Salicaceae Mirb.) growing in the Aktobe region","authors":"Bauyrzhan Alpysbayuly Turalin, Gulshat Mukanova Atayeva, lrina Zhumabaevna Moldekova, Serim Tynyshtykbaevich Syrymbetov, Ahdumurat Abdukarimov, K. Abidkulova, N. Kurbatova, Aset Kambaruly Saskebai","doi":"10.31489/2023bmg1/135-142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31489/2023bmg1/135-142","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of a study of the anatomy of the vegetative organs (shoots, buds, leaf blades, and petioles) of Populus pruinosa Schrenk. The studied species are part of the vulnerable, tertiary relict species has status 2 (U) in the floristic complex of the Aktobe region The research material was collected in two populations of Populus pruinosa Schrenk: the first population grows in the Irgiz region, 10 km southeast of the village. Tauip, 143 m a.s.l., N 48.11267°, Е 62.11620° the second population is in the Irgiz region, 35 km (Zhylandy area) in the southern part of the village. Nura 167 m a.s.l., N 48,74523°, Е 62,51491° the species grows on sands and pebbles, solonchaks singly or in groves along rivers, which have undergone anatomical and morphological studies at the microscopic and macroscopic levels.The choice of the topic was made in accordance with the endemicity, significance, and relevance of biodiversity conservation issues. Natural populations are of particular importance for research because they reflect many aspects of interest to science, such as the life cycle, anatomical structure, and life expectancy. The obtained information about the features of the anatomical structure of the vegetative organs of Populus pruinosa Schrenk will be used in the future for the diagnosis of this species when studying its phytochemical composition.","PeriodicalId":9377,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Karaganda University. “Biology, medicine, geography Series”","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89826529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aigerim Zhanatqyzy Beisembay, A. Ospanova, A. Kali
Karaganda region is a major industrial center of our country. In such cities of the region as Karaganda,Temirtau and Balkhash there are large enterprises of ferrous metallurgy, construction, chemical JSC “ArcelorMittal Temirtau”, JSC “Temirtau Electrometallurgical Combine”, LLP “Ecominerals”, JSC “CentralAsia Cement”, “Agat-Service” LLP, JSC “Kazakhstan Invest Comir”, LLP “Kazakhmys Corporation”, LLP “MMC Kazpolymetal”, Metal-Kit Karaganda, LLP “Mining and Metallurgical Combine”, Nonferrous metals processing plant, etc. All technogenic factors lead to a decrease in plant productivity and often to their death. The dynamics of seasonal development of phytopathogenic fungi depends on meteorological conditions. Changes in the dynamics of factors corresponding to the season of the year occur in the habitat of the species. Phytopathogenic fungi also directly depend on their own host-plants, the conditions of their development and the growing season. The article presents information about the types of powdery fungi affecting various types of trees growing in parks and squares of the cities of Karaganda, Balkhash, Temirtau. 4 species of trees affected by powdery mildew were analyzed. And during the study, the following types of phytopathogenic fungi were identified at various stages of development: Uncinula aceris Sacc., Microsphaera betulae Magnus, Microsphaera penicillata (Wallroth.) Leveille, Uncinula salicis Winter f. populorum Rabenhorst. Phytopathogenic fungi of trees growing in parks and squares of the industrial cities of Temirtau and Balkhash were studied for the first time.
{"title":"Powdery mildews fungi of trees of Karaganda, Balkhash and Temirtau cities","authors":"Aigerim Zhanatqyzy Beisembay, A. Ospanova, A. Kali","doi":"10.31489/2023bmg1/37-43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31489/2023bmg1/37-43","url":null,"abstract":"Karaganda region is a major industrial center of our country. In such cities of the region as Karaganda,Temirtau and Balkhash there are large enterprises of ferrous metallurgy, construction, chemical JSC “ArcelorMittal Temirtau”, JSC “Temirtau Electrometallurgical Combine”, LLP “Ecominerals”, JSC “CentralAsia Cement”, “Agat-Service” LLP, JSC “Kazakhstan Invest Comir”, LLP “Kazakhmys Corporation”, LLP “MMC Kazpolymetal”, Metal-Kit Karaganda, LLP “Mining and Metallurgical Combine”, Nonferrous metals processing plant, etc. All technogenic factors lead to a decrease in plant productivity and often to their death. The dynamics of seasonal development of phytopathogenic fungi depends on meteorological conditions. Changes in the dynamics of factors corresponding to the season of the year occur in the habitat of the species. Phytopathogenic fungi also directly depend on their own host-plants, the conditions of their development and the growing season. The article presents information about the types of powdery fungi affecting various types of trees growing in parks and squares of the cities of Karaganda, Balkhash, Temirtau. 4 species of trees affected by powdery mildew were analyzed. And during the study, the following types of phytopathogenic fungi were identified at various stages of development: Uncinula aceris Sacc., Microsphaera betulae Magnus, Microsphaera penicillata (Wallroth.) Leveille, Uncinula salicis Winter f. populorum Rabenhorst. Phytopathogenic fungi of trees growing in parks and squares of the industrial cities of Temirtau and Balkhash were studied for the first time.","PeriodicalId":9377,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Karaganda University. “Biology, medicine, geography Series”","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75798684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-30DOI: 10.31489/2023bmg1/117-122
V. Protas, G. Pogossyan, Constantin Grigoryevich Li, M. Danilenko
The article presents the results of the study of vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene rs2228570 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotypes and individual alleles frequency among the Kazakh ethnic group representatives living in the Karaganda region. This SNP was determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction using TaqMan technology. The study relevance is due to the fact that genetic variations in rs2228570 affect the synthesis of the VDR protein and its activity as a transcription factor that regulates the expression of other genes. This mechanism determines the association of individual rs2228570 genotypes or alleles with susceptibility, course, and outcomes of various diseases. The polymorphism frequency may be depending on ethnicity. According to the study results, the most common genotypes of rs2228570 SNP among the Kazakhs were AG (32.8 %) and GG (25.2 %). The rarest are homozygotes TT (1.7 %) and CC (0.8 %). The frequency of all rs2228570 alleles was detected simultaneously in the present study for the first time. G became the predominant allele (51.3 %), less common was A (31.0 %), and the C and T alleles were the rarest (11.8 % and 5.9 %, respectively). The potential value of this SNP further study as a possible factor influencing the body’s susceptibility to various diseases, including COVID-19, is shown.
{"title":"Frequency of rs2228570 single nucleotide polymorphism of Vitamin-D Receptor (VDR) gene among the Kazakh ethnic group","authors":"V. Protas, G. Pogossyan, Constantin Grigoryevich Li, M. Danilenko","doi":"10.31489/2023bmg1/117-122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31489/2023bmg1/117-122","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of the study of vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene rs2228570 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotypes and individual alleles frequency among the Kazakh ethnic group representatives living in the Karaganda region. This SNP was determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction using TaqMan technology. The study relevance is due to the fact that genetic variations in rs2228570 affect the synthesis of the VDR protein and its activity as a transcription factor that regulates the expression of other genes. This mechanism determines the association of individual rs2228570 genotypes or alleles with susceptibility, course, and outcomes of various diseases. The polymorphism frequency may be depending on ethnicity. According to the study results, the most common genotypes of rs2228570 SNP among the Kazakhs were AG (32.8 %) and GG (25.2 %). The rarest are homozygotes TT (1.7 %) and CC (0.8 %). The frequency of all rs2228570 alleles was detected simultaneously in the present study for the first time. G became the predominant allele (51.3 %), less common was A (31.0 %), and the C and T alleles were the rarest (11.8 % and 5.9 %, respectively). The potential value of this SNP further study as a possible factor influencing the body’s susceptibility to various diseases, including COVID-19, is shown.","PeriodicalId":9377,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Karaganda University. “Biology, medicine, geography Series”","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86323370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Zakanova, N. Yerzhanov, Yuri Narcissovich Litvinov
The research was conducted in the spring-summer period of 2021 on the territory of northern Kazakhstan, where the Pavlodar region is located. The features in the sexual and age structure of populations were considered. Populations live in the vicinity of two large heavy industry enterprises and a control area. The sources of anthropogenic impact were the Pavlodar Aluminum Plant and the Kazakhstan Electrolysis Plant. Research objective: to determine the dependence of the sex and age structure of small mammals on the proximity to the source of anthropogenic pollution of the area. The study area was divided into impact, buffer, background and control. Conclusions were drawn about the permanent effect of pollutants on the micromammalia organisms. There is a violation in the ratio of the number of females and males in the populations as they approach the sources of pollution. There is an increase in reproduction of individuals. The fertility of females of technogenic territories is higher than the control ones. The percentage of fingerlings, adults and overwintered animals differs. The impact territories have the largest number of young organisms and the smallest number of overwintered micromammalia. In the control area, there is a predominance of adults and pre-hibernating individuals. The age group of animals was determined by weight, body size, relative qualities (condition of the coat). There was no up-to-date information on the impact of anthropogenic impact on the gender and age structure of communities and populations of northern Kazakhstan. The results of this research will be useful in the process of planning a residential area of the region.
{"title":"Gender and age structure of small mammals of anthropogenic regions of Northern Kazakhstan","authors":"A. Zakanova, N. Yerzhanov, Yuri Narcissovich Litvinov","doi":"10.31489/2023bmg1/49-55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31489/2023bmg1/49-55","url":null,"abstract":"The research was conducted in the spring-summer period of 2021 on the territory of northern Kazakhstan, where the Pavlodar region is located. The features in the sexual and age structure of populations were considered. Populations live in the vicinity of two large heavy industry enterprises and a control area. The sources of anthropogenic impact were the Pavlodar Aluminum Plant and the Kazakhstan Electrolysis Plant. Research objective: to determine the dependence of the sex and age structure of small mammals on the proximity to the source of anthropogenic pollution of the area. The study area was divided into impact, buffer, background and control. Conclusions were drawn about the permanent effect of pollutants on the micromammalia organisms. There is a violation in the ratio of the number of females and males in the populations as they approach the sources of pollution. There is an increase in reproduction of individuals. The fertility of females of technogenic territories is higher than the control ones. The percentage of fingerlings, adults and overwintered animals differs. The impact territories have the largest number of young organisms and the smallest number of overwintered micromammalia. In the control area, there is a predominance of adults and pre-hibernating individuals. The age group of animals was determined by weight, body size, relative qualities (condition of the coat). There was no up-to-date information on the impact of anthropogenic impact on the gender and age structure of communities and populations of northern Kazakhstan. The results of this research will be useful in the process of planning a residential area of the region.","PeriodicalId":9377,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Karaganda University. “Biology, medicine, geography Series”","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90714494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Karaganda Buketov University has been distinguished by highly professional scientific and pedagogical personnel since its formation. This was determined by the continuity of the creative potential of the Karaganda Pedagogical Institute. Nikolay Borisovich Shlykov the associate professor of the Faculty of Natural Sciences was among the generalists of the Pedagogical Institute. He was a brilliant professional biologist. He received practical training in the Entomology Laboratory of the Institute of Zoology of the Republic of Kazakhstan and became a first-class scientist and teacher. He developed entomological and arachnological research at the university. Shlykov was the first head of the Zoology Department of the Faculty of Natural Sciences of the Karaganda Pedagogical Institute from 1960 to 1965. At that time, he was engaged in the formation of new areas of scientific work, selected personnel and directed the development of fundamental zoological training courses. His scientific publications on the biology of poplar pests, fauna and ecology of spiders are relevant and valuable sources of information for modern scientists. The high level of quotability of N.B. Shlykov's data is the result of unique accuracy and content. This is a sample of research work for many generations of his students.
{"title":"On the 70th anniversary of the beginning of the scientific activity of entomologist and arachnologist Nikolay Borisovich Shlykov","authors":"V. Abukenova","doi":"10.31489/2023bmg1/7-12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31489/2023bmg1/7-12","url":null,"abstract":"Karaganda Buketov University has been distinguished by highly professional scientific and pedagogical personnel since its formation. This was determined by the continuity of the creative potential of the Karaganda Pedagogical Institute. Nikolay Borisovich Shlykov the associate professor of the Faculty of Natural Sciences was among the generalists of the Pedagogical Institute. He was a brilliant professional biologist. He received practical training in the Entomology Laboratory of the Institute of Zoology of the Republic of Kazakhstan and became a first-class scientist and teacher. He developed entomological and arachnological research at the university. Shlykov was the first head of the Zoology Department of the Faculty of Natural Sciences of the Karaganda Pedagogical Institute from 1960 to 1965. At that time, he was engaged in the formation of new areas of scientific work, selected personnel and directed the development of fundamental zoological training courses. His scientific publications on the biology of poplar pests, fauna and ecology of spiders are relevant and valuable sources of information for modern scientists. The high level of quotability of N.B. Shlykov's data is the result of unique accuracy and content. This is a sample of research work for many generations of his students.","PeriodicalId":9377,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Karaganda University. “Biology, medicine, geography Series”","volume":"228 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91240229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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