In this work, an experimental method for estimating the number of Caspian seals in the sea was tested. The goals were set to determine the distance of visual detection of the Caspian seal in the sea from a small vessel, and to improve the methodology of ship accounting of seals in the Caspian Sea. Ship accounting is used to account for the relative abundance, occurrence and distribution of marine mammals, and the data obtained can also be used as an indicator of accumulations of fish objects, and in general it can indicate the state of the environment. During the period of the vessel’s movement, the length (km) of each daily route is determined, the number of seal encounters on this segment, the distance from the seal to the ship’s line of movement is visually determined. The effective width of the accounting strip and the density (individuals/km2) in this section of the sea area are calculated. However, in practice, it is difficult to determine the distance to the observed seal when traveling on a small vessel. It is recommended to conduct a route ship registration of seals in shallow water on flat-bottomed boats-budaras. As a result of conducting an experiment in the shallow waters of the Caspian Sea on the visibility of objects imitating the trunk and head of a Caspian seal, it was found that the optimal perpendicular distance from the axis of the accounting route or the optimal width of accounting from one side is 300 m, similarly, the maximum width of accounting is 550 m. The use of the concepts of optimal and marginal accounting band serves as a method for determining the distance when accounting for seals in the sea and, in the future, for calculating the effective accounting band.
{"title":"On determining the width of the accounting strip during ship route accounting of the Caspian seal (Pusa caspica) in shallow water","authors":"Мirgaliy Тuleugaliyevich Baimukanov, Аkzhan Аyazuly Iskakov, Zhazira Aybekkyzy Sydykova, Тimur Тuleugaliyevich Baimukanov, Аssel Mirgaliyevna Baimukanova","doi":"10.31489/2022bmg4/14-21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31489/2022bmg4/14-21","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, an experimental method for estimating the number of Caspian seals in the sea was tested. The goals were set to determine the distance of visual detection of the Caspian seal in the sea from a small vessel, and to improve the methodology of ship accounting of seals in the Caspian Sea. Ship accounting is used to account for the relative abundance, occurrence and distribution of marine mammals, and the data obtained can also be used as an indicator of accumulations of fish objects, and in general it can indicate the state of the environment. During the period of the vessel’s movement, the length (km) of each daily route is determined, the number of seal encounters on this segment, the distance from the seal to the ship’s line of movement is visually determined. The effective width of the accounting strip and the density (individuals/km2) in this section of the sea area are calculated. However, in practice, it is difficult to determine the distance to the observed seal when traveling on a small vessel. It is recommended to conduct a route ship registration of seals in shallow water on flat-bottomed boats-budaras. As a result of conducting an experiment in the shallow waters of the Caspian Sea on the visibility of objects imitating the trunk and head of a Caspian seal, it was found that the optimal perpendicular distance from the axis of the accounting route or the optimal width of accounting from one side is 300 m, similarly, the maximum width of accounting is 550 m. The use of the concepts of optimal and marginal accounting band serves as a method for determining the distance when accounting for seals in the sea and, in the future, for calculating the effective accounting band.","PeriodicalId":9377,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Karaganda University. “Biology, medicine, geography Series”","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79411803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.31489/2022bmg4/126-131
N. H. Sergaliev, M. Kakishev, Yerzhan Sultanov, Aibek Sarmanov, S. Bakiyev
The article presents the results of monitoring the commercial fish populations of Edilsor Lake. Edilsor is one of the large lakes of the West Kazakhstan region of fishery importance, in connection with which the monitoring of the natural numbers of populations of aboriginal commercial fish species of the studied reservoir is relevant. Control catches were used to analyze the state of natural fish populations. As tools for catching biological objects, commercial fish, lake plug-in nets with mesh sizes of 30–70 mm were used. Control catches of aboriginal commercial fish were carried out during the period of field studies. The captured biological objects were subjected to the analysis of such biological indicators as species, age composition, ratio of females and males in the catch, weight, length of the whole body of fish, according to the results obtained, the average values were determined. As a result of control catches, the species composition of the ichthyofauna of Lake Edilsor included the following species of aboriginal commercial fish: carp — 7.1 %, bream — 16.7 %, blue bream — 7.1 %, crucian carp — 4.8 %, perch — 64.3 %. The largest population was characterized by the perch population, which amounted to 27 individuals, the bream was less common — 7 individuals, the carp and blue bream — 3 individuals, the smallest number was observed in the population of crucian carp, which amounted to 2 individuals. According to the weight ratio, fish species are located as follows: perch — 40 %, carp — 32.5 %, bream — 15.8 %, crucian carp — 8.5 %, blue bream — 3.2 %. The largest mass falls on representatives of perch — 6.94 kg, followed by carp — 5.63 kg, bream — 2.73 kg, crucian carp — 1.47 kg, blue bream — 0.56 kg.
{"title":"Monitoring of natural reproduction of fish populations of Edilsor Lake","authors":"N. H. Sergaliev, M. Kakishev, Yerzhan Sultanov, Aibek Sarmanov, S. Bakiyev","doi":"10.31489/2022bmg4/126-131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31489/2022bmg4/126-131","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of monitoring the commercial fish populations of Edilsor Lake. Edilsor is one of the large lakes of the West Kazakhstan region of fishery importance, in connection with which the monitoring of the natural numbers of populations of aboriginal commercial fish species of the studied reservoir is relevant. Control catches were used to analyze the state of natural fish populations. As tools for catching biological objects, commercial fish, lake plug-in nets with mesh sizes of 30–70 mm were used. Control catches of aboriginal commercial fish were carried out during the period of field studies. The captured biological objects were subjected to the analysis of such biological indicators as species, age composition, ratio of females and males in the catch, weight, length of the whole body of fish, according to the results obtained, the average values were determined. As a result of control catches, the species composition of the ichthyofauna of Lake Edilsor included the following species of aboriginal commercial fish: carp — 7.1 %, bream — 16.7 %, blue bream — 7.1 %, crucian carp — 4.8 %, perch — 64.3 %. The largest population was characterized by the perch population, which amounted to 27 individuals, the bream was less common — 7 individuals, the carp and blue bream — 3 individuals, the smallest number was observed in the population of crucian carp, which amounted to 2 individuals. According to the weight ratio, fish species are located as follows: perch — 40 %, carp — 32.5 %, bream — 15.8 %, crucian carp — 8.5 %, blue bream — 3.2 %. The largest mass falls on representatives of perch — 6.94 kg, followed by carp — 5.63 kg, bream — 2.73 kg, crucian carp — 1.47 kg, blue bream — 0.56 kg.","PeriodicalId":9377,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Karaganda University. “Biology, medicine, geography Series”","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73769641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.31489/2022bmg4/181-188
N. K. Korbozova, N. Terletskaya, N. Kudrina, T. N. Kobylina, Zh.A. Kenzhebayeva, A. Shokan
The study of chronic and acute toxicity pharmacological phenomena with occupational symptoms of intoxication provides essential information on therapeutic activity of the drug. An extract of the Rhodiola semenovii Boriss plant was taken to determine toxicity. Phytochemical studies were carried out on the composition of biologically active compounds for medicinal purposes. Based on the statistical data on the chemical composition, substances, such as flavonoids, coumarins, phenolic acids, and polysaccharides, were identified in the root extract of the Rh. semenovii plant. To study the chronic and acute toxicity of the extract, preclinical tests were on outbred laboratory rats. After completion of the experiment of acute and chronic toxicity, animals were slaughtered and peripheral blood samples were obtained for hematological and biochemical blood analysis. In addition, macroscopic studies of laboratory animals were performed. There were orphologicalstructural changes heart, kidneys, liver, heart, and pancreas. An external examination at the autopsy revealed no changes in the vital organs, as well as the digestive, respiratory, excretory systems. According to the studies carried out, Rh. semenovii does not have general toxic extracts.
{"title":"General and specific toxicity determination of an extract from the plant Rhodiola semenovii Boriss","authors":"N. K. Korbozova, N. Terletskaya, N. Kudrina, T. N. Kobylina, Zh.A. Kenzhebayeva, A. Shokan","doi":"10.31489/2022bmg4/181-188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31489/2022bmg4/181-188","url":null,"abstract":"The study of chronic and acute toxicity pharmacological phenomena with occupational symptoms of intoxication provides essential information on therapeutic activity of the drug. An extract of the Rhodiola semenovii Boriss plant was taken to determine toxicity. Phytochemical studies were carried out on the composition of biologically active compounds for medicinal purposes. Based on the statistical data on the chemical composition, substances, such as flavonoids, coumarins, phenolic acids, and polysaccharides, were identified in the root extract of the Rh. semenovii plant. To study the chronic and acute toxicity of the extract, preclinical tests were on outbred laboratory rats. After completion of the experiment of acute and chronic toxicity, animals were slaughtered and peripheral blood samples were obtained for hematological and biochemical blood analysis. In addition, macroscopic studies of laboratory animals were performed. There were orphologicalstructural changes heart, kidneys, liver, heart, and pancreas. An external examination at the autopsy revealed no changes in the vital organs, as well as the digestive, respiratory, excretory systems. According to the studies carried out, Rh. semenovii does not have general toxic extracts.","PeriodicalId":9377,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Karaganda University. “Biology, medicine, geography Series”","volume":"123 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86095233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The results of the introduction of Berberis iliensis M. Pop., a rare endemic plant, into in vitro culture are presented. The rare species is currently endangered. Methods of introduction into in vitro culture have been worked out, sterilizing agents and sterilization modes have been selected (5% bleach solution “Belizna”, treatment time 5 min, 10% hydrogen peroxide solution, exposure time 7 min). The WPM nutrient medium, with a pH level of 5.6–5.8, was selected as optimal for the successful development of Berberis iliensis plants in in vitro culture. Vitamins were added to the standard mineral composition of the medium. Magentas with explants were cultivated in a room without access to light at a temperature of 22–25°C and a humidity of 70% for 3–4 weeks. Further cultivation was carried out at 26°C, a light period of 16 h, and illumination of 4000–5000 lux. Aseptic cultures of B. iliensis were obtained and they had a regenerative capacity. Shoots were formed without callus, that is, direct regeneration is observed, which is the most favorable for micropropagation.
{"title":"Features of the introduction of Berberis iliensis M. Pop. into in vitro culture","authors":"D. Zharassova, N. A. Tolep","doi":"10.31489/2022bmg4/29-33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31489/2022bmg4/29-33","url":null,"abstract":"The results of the introduction of Berberis iliensis M. Pop., a rare endemic plant, into in vitro culture are presented. The rare species is currently endangered. Methods of introduction into in vitro culture have been worked out, sterilizing agents and sterilization modes have been selected (5% bleach solution “Belizna”, treatment time 5 min, 10% hydrogen peroxide solution, exposure time 7 min). The WPM nutrient medium, with a pH level of 5.6–5.8, was selected as optimal for the successful development of Berberis iliensis plants in in vitro culture. Vitamins were added to the standard mineral composition of the medium. Magentas with explants were cultivated in a room without access to light at a temperature of 22–25°C and a humidity of 70% for 3–4 weeks. Further cultivation was carried out at 26°C, a light period of 16 h, and illumination of 4000–5000 lux. Aseptic cultures of B. iliensis were obtained and they had a regenerative capacity. Shoots were formed without callus, that is, direct regeneration is observed, which is the most favorable for micropropagation.","PeriodicalId":9377,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Karaganda University. “Biology, medicine, geography Series”","volume":"89 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82741582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.31489/2022bmg4/202-210
Didara Muratovna Yessimkhanova, Zh. S. Aubakirova
The article is devoted to the analysis of demographic processes using cluster analysis. The application of the method of cluster analysis for the selection of territorial groups in the regional context is proposed. The relevance of the application of the method is substantiated by the fact that today the average statistical data do not allow considering the characteristics of the population in a complete picture. The review of the results of the application of cluster analysis, which reflected the unfavorable characteristics of the population, describes the possible consequences as a result of the impact of these unfavorable characteristics. The need to classify territories is indicated without considering the regional centers of attraction of the population — regional centers, large cities and the capital. This approach makes it possible to note and trace the problems of excessive concentration of the population of Kazakhstan in cities — regional centers of attraction and exposure of nearby and rural areas. Further application of the method of territorial classification with the use of cluster analysis in the study of demographic processes of the population is proposed. The results of the cluster analysis demonstrate a variety of characteristics data for Kazakhstan in connection with the methodology for allocating territories. The study results designates a more appropriate assessment of the characteristics of the population, reveals the problems of the demographic characteristics of the population.
{"title":"Cluster analysis of demographic processes in Kazakhstan at the modern stage","authors":"Didara Muratovna Yessimkhanova, Zh. S. Aubakirova","doi":"10.31489/2022bmg4/202-210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31489/2022bmg4/202-210","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the analysis of demographic processes using cluster analysis. The application of the method of cluster analysis for the selection of territorial groups in the regional context is proposed. The relevance of the application of the method is substantiated by the fact that today the average statistical data do not allow considering the characteristics of the population in a complete picture. The review of the results of the application of cluster analysis, which reflected the unfavorable characteristics of the population, describes the possible consequences as a result of the impact of these unfavorable characteristics. The need to classify territories is indicated without considering the regional centers of attraction of the population — regional centers, large cities and the capital. This approach makes it possible to note and trace the problems of excessive concentration of the population of Kazakhstan in cities — regional centers of attraction and exposure of nearby and rural areas. Further application of the method of territorial classification with the use of cluster analysis in the study of demographic processes of the population is proposed. The results of the cluster analysis demonstrate a variety of characteristics data for Kazakhstan in connection with the methodology for allocating territories. The study results designates a more appropriate assessment of the characteristics of the population, reveals the problems of the demographic characteristics of the population.","PeriodicalId":9377,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Karaganda University. “Biology, medicine, geography Series”","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82666327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.31489/2022bmg4/95-100
A. B. Myrzabaev, D. Golovanov, Jacek Urbanіak, Sultan Asanbaevich Kusherbayev, M. Bodeyev
As the technogenic load increases from year to year, the soil loses its ability to provide plants with various nutrients, air, water, heat, biological and physico-chemical environment. The reason is an increase in heavy metal compounds in the soil, which leads to its degradation. The presence of heavy metals in the ecosystem, such as Pb, Cr, As, is toxic to humans and biosystems even at low concentrations. Anthropogenic pollution of the environment by heavy metals (industry, mining and smelting of ores, transport, agriculture) increases over time. Currently, soil contamination with heavy metals and its impact on the biosphere are increasingly being studied. This is especially observed in large industrially urbanized regions, where there is a large accumulation of hazardous waste that does not decompose in nature and is stored for a long time. To identify anthropogenic pollution of the environment with heavy metals, samples were taken from various soil horizons of the city of Zhezkazgan and adjacent regions. The chemical compositions of the taken samples were determined by X-ray fluorescence. Analytical work was carried out in the laboratory of the Department of Landscape Geochemistry and Soil Geography of Lomonosov Moscow State University. We analyzed the quantitative content of chemical elements in the soils of Zhezkazgan and adjacent zones I (As, Zn, Cd, Pb, Hg, Se), II (Co, Ni, Mo, Cu, Cr), III (Ba, V, W, Mn, Sr) hazard levels.
{"title":"Analysis of the impact of man-made harmful waste on the soil by X-ray fluorescence method","authors":"A. B. Myrzabaev, D. Golovanov, Jacek Urbanіak, Sultan Asanbaevich Kusherbayev, M. Bodeyev","doi":"10.31489/2022bmg4/95-100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31489/2022bmg4/95-100","url":null,"abstract":"As the technogenic load increases from year to year, the soil loses its ability to provide plants with various nutrients, air, water, heat, biological and physico-chemical environment. The reason is an increase in heavy metal compounds in the soil, which leads to its degradation. The presence of heavy metals in the ecosystem, such as Pb, Cr, As, is toxic to humans and biosystems even at low concentrations. Anthropogenic pollution of the environment by heavy metals (industry, mining and smelting of ores, transport, agriculture) increases over time. Currently, soil contamination with heavy metals and its impact on the biosphere are increasingly being studied. This is especially observed in large industrially urbanized regions, where there is a large accumulation of hazardous waste that does not decompose in nature and is stored for a long time. To identify anthropogenic pollution of the environment with heavy metals, samples were taken from various soil horizons of the city of Zhezkazgan and adjacent regions. The chemical compositions of the taken samples were determined by X-ray fluorescence. Analytical work was carried out in the laboratory of the Department of Landscape Geochemistry and Soil Geography of Lomonosov Moscow State University. We analyzed the quantitative content of chemical elements in the soils of Zhezkazgan and adjacent zones I (As, Zn, Cd, Pb, Hg, Se), II (Co, Ni, Mo, Cu, Cr), III (Ba, V, W, Mn, Sr) hazard levels.","PeriodicalId":9377,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Karaganda University. “Biology, medicine, geography Series”","volume":"84 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83818959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.31489/2022bmg4/195-201
D. Golovanov, E. Kravchenko, Sultan Asanbaevich Kusherbayev, A. Amanzholov, A. B. Myrzabaev, Margarita Y Ishmuratova, A. Matveev, Natalya Alexandrovna Mushnikova, L. V. Dobrydneva
This study aims to identify changes in the properties of brown arid soils under irrigation conditions and the effects of emissions from enrichment and copper smelting plants. The article analyzes the current state of salinization, humus content, heavy metals in the soils of the Zhezkazgan Botanical Garden, located in the zone of intensive anthropogenic emissions. The change in soil properties determines the resistance of cultivated plants to natural and anthropogenic stresses, as well as the quality of grown products. The botanical garden has selected plants that can actively grow under irrigation in sharply continental conditions. For 80 years of operation, partial dissolution of gypsum, redistribution of salts, and an increase in humus content have been noted. The use of polluted waters of the Kengir River as an irrigation source has led to an increase in the content of gross and mobile forms of Cu and Pb in the surface horizons. The results obtained allow us to assess the speed and direction of gypsum redistribution, recommend the transition to water-saving drip irrigation technologies with simultaneous sedimentation and removal of suspended matter from irrigation water.
{"title":"Salinization, gypsum content and pollution of soils in the Zhezkazgan Botanical Garden 80 years since its organization and start of irrigation","authors":"D. Golovanov, E. Kravchenko, Sultan Asanbaevich Kusherbayev, A. Amanzholov, A. B. Myrzabaev, Margarita Y Ishmuratova, A. Matveev, Natalya Alexandrovna Mushnikova, L. V. Dobrydneva","doi":"10.31489/2022bmg4/195-201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31489/2022bmg4/195-201","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to identify changes in the properties of brown arid soils under irrigation conditions and the effects of emissions from enrichment and copper smelting plants. The article analyzes the current state of salinization, humus content, heavy metals in the soils of the Zhezkazgan Botanical Garden, located in the zone of intensive anthropogenic emissions. The change in soil properties determines the resistance of cultivated plants to natural and anthropogenic stresses, as well as the quality of grown products. The botanical garden has selected plants that can actively grow under irrigation in sharply continental conditions. For 80 years of operation, partial dissolution of gypsum, redistribution of salts, and an increase in humus content have been noted. The use of polluted waters of the Kengir River as an irrigation source has led to an increase in the content of gross and mobile forms of Cu and Pb in the surface horizons. The results obtained allow us to assess the speed and direction of gypsum redistribution, recommend the transition to water-saving drip irrigation technologies with simultaneous sedimentation and removal of suspended matter from irrigation water.","PeriodicalId":9377,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Karaganda University. “Biology, medicine, geography Series”","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89427439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Meruert Zhartybaeva, Symbat Tulegenova, Nurlan Muntaev, Z. Oralbekova
Currently, the issue of protecting natural resources from polluting and preventing pollution requires worldwide attention. In general, water resources are becoming an invaluable resource that explains the sustainable development of any state. Rational use and protection of water sources is becoming one of the most pressing issues in our country. Pollution of water sources, in turn, affects the deterioration of water quality, living organisms that live in water sources (algae, fish, etc.), and the health of consumers. Since water is the most important resource in the world, it is a task to protect and prevent environmental risk. Therefore, to monitor the aquatic ecosystems of Akmola region, the research team conducted research in laboratory conditions, taking water samples from water bodies (Nura, Ishim Riversand Taldykol, Maybalyk, and Zhaltyrkol Lakes) from a practical trip organized by the research group. Research studies on water samples taken from water bodies showed that the water was polluted, and in some indicators the maximum rural concentration was exceeded. It is clear that pollutants affect water biota, although in most cases they are not the cause. According to water samples, the level of pollution of water sources was assessed. Protection of Water Resources in general from pollutants is one of the strategic tasks of the country.
{"title":"Water quality of aquatic ecosystems of Akmola region","authors":"Meruert Zhartybaeva, Symbat Tulegenova, Nurlan Muntaev, Z. Oralbekova","doi":"10.31489/2022bmg4/34-38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31489/2022bmg4/34-38","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, the issue of protecting natural resources from polluting and preventing pollution requires worldwide attention. In general, water resources are becoming an invaluable resource that explains the sustainable development of any state. Rational use and protection of water sources is becoming one of the most pressing issues in our country. Pollution of water sources, in turn, affects the deterioration of water quality, living organisms that live in water sources (algae, fish, etc.), and the health of consumers. Since water is the most important resource in the world, it is a task to protect and prevent environmental risk. Therefore, to monitor the aquatic ecosystems of Akmola region, the research team conducted research in laboratory conditions, taking water samples from water bodies (Nura, Ishim Riversand Taldykol, Maybalyk, and Zhaltyrkol Lakes) from a practical trip organized by the research group. Research studies on water samples taken from water bodies showed that the water was polluted, and in some indicators the maximum rural concentration was exceeded. It is clear that pollutants affect water biota, although in most cases they are not the cause. According to water samples, the level of pollution of water sources was assessed. Protection of Water Resources in general from pollutants is one of the strategic tasks of the country.","PeriodicalId":9377,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Karaganda University. “Biology, medicine, geography Series”","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83442357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-30DOI: 10.31489/2022bmg4/173-180
Saulemay Bekeyeva
Ensuring safe working conditions and preserving the working capacity of employees of enterprises is an important task in any economic sector. To a large extent, socio-economic transformations have had a negative impact on the agricultural sector of production. The assessment of the physiological indicators of the functional state of workers in the course of labor activity of 43 different professions of 6 enterprises of the agricultural sector of the country was carried out. The study of the functional state of employees included the study of the state of the main physiological indicators of the body systems: the central nervous system, cardiovascular, neuromuscular, respiratory systems and the auditory analyzer in 2 stages “before” and “after” the end of the work shift. It is revealed that the adaptation processes of workers in the conditions of the labor process manifest themselves in the form of a decrease in physical performance and reserve capabilities of the body. The research results indicate the relevance of the development and implementation of a set of measures aimed at improving working conditions and restoring the functional reserves of the body of employees of the studied enterprises.
{"title":"Assessment of the functional state of agricultural workers in the course of work","authors":"Saulemay Bekeyeva","doi":"10.31489/2022bmg4/173-180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31489/2022bmg4/173-180","url":null,"abstract":"Ensuring safe working conditions and preserving the working capacity of employees of enterprises is an important task in any economic sector. To a large extent, socio-economic transformations have had a negative impact on the agricultural sector of production. The assessment of the physiological indicators of the functional state of workers in the course of labor activity of 43 different professions of 6 enterprises of the agricultural sector of the country was carried out. The study of the functional state of employees included the study of the state of the main physiological indicators of the body systems: the central nervous system, cardiovascular, neuromuscular, respiratory systems and the auditory analyzer in 2 stages “before” and “after” the end of the work shift. It is revealed that the adaptation processes of workers in the conditions of the labor process manifest themselves in the form of a decrease in physical performance and reserve capabilities of the body. The research results indicate the relevance of the development and implementation of a set of measures aimed at improving working conditions and restoring the functional reserves of the body of employees of the studied enterprises.","PeriodicalId":9377,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Karaganda University. “Biology, medicine, geography Series”","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73492098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aidana Suyunshibaikyzy Yerubay, Aiman Yerezhepovna Konkabayeva, G. Prévost, I.S. Kalymanov, Didar B. Okassov
Recently, interest in natural antioxidants and their use in the food industry has increased. In addition to ensuring maximum safety of the produced product, they also serve as an antioxidant shield for the entire living organism. Plant extracts contain flavonoid compounds that have an antioxidant effect. In this regard, the purpose of the article is to study the antioxidant properties of infusion of Beta vulgaris’s seeds, to establish the relationship between acute and subacute inoculation of rats with cadmium nitrate and oxidative stress. For this experimental study, we used 50 male rats. The animals were exposed to Cd nitrate, with an initial weight of 180 ± 30 g. The first groups of rats were injected with cadmium nitrate at a dose of 0.1 g/L inter peritoneal, the second groups received a 0.01% solution of cadmium nitrate 1 ml 5 days a week, orally for 10 and 24 days. The state of oxidative metabolism in the blood was investigated. To assess the state of oxidative metabolism in the blood, the primary, secondary and end products of lipid peroxidation were determined, such as diene conjugates (DC), cetodiene (CD), malondialdehyde (MDA), Schiff bases (SHB), and the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GP), catalase (CAT), and adenosine deaminase (ADA) enzymes were evaluated by the parameters of antioxidant protection. The mean ± SEM values were calculated for each group to determine the significance of the intergroup difference. Each parameter was analyzed separately using the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test. To determine the difference between groups, Student’s “t”-test was used. Studies have shown that with the use of cadmium in the blood of experimental animals, there is a violation of catabolits of lipoperoxidation, depending on the length of the days of poisoning, but a significant decrease in the biocorrection of Beta vulgaris’s seeds. Because of in this study, we found that the activity levels of antioxidant defense enzymes were significantly increased in the blood of experimental animals, which biocorrected with beetroot seed infusion. In conclusion, our study allows us to state that the use infusion of Beta vulgaris’s seeds in subacute and acute experiments with poisoning of experimental rats with cadmium nitrate as an antioxidant protective effect.
{"title":"Study of parameters of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant protection in rats treated with cadmium nitrate with biocorrection by infusion of Beta vulgaris seeds","authors":"Aidana Suyunshibaikyzy Yerubay, Aiman Yerezhepovna Konkabayeva, G. Prévost, I.S. Kalymanov, Didar B. Okassov","doi":"10.31489/2022bmg4/22-28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31489/2022bmg4/22-28","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, interest in natural antioxidants and their use in the food industry has increased. In addition to ensuring maximum safety of the produced product, they also serve as an antioxidant shield for the entire living organism. Plant extracts contain flavonoid compounds that have an antioxidant effect. In this regard, the purpose of the article is to study the antioxidant properties of infusion of Beta vulgaris’s seeds, to establish the relationship between acute and subacute inoculation of rats with cadmium nitrate and oxidative stress. For this experimental study, we used 50 male rats. The animals were exposed to Cd nitrate, with an initial weight of 180 ± 30 g. The first groups of rats were injected with cadmium nitrate at a dose of 0.1 g/L inter peritoneal, the second groups received a 0.01% solution of cadmium nitrate 1 ml 5 days a week, orally for 10 and 24 days. The state of oxidative metabolism in the blood was investigated. To assess the state of oxidative metabolism in the blood, the primary, secondary and end products of lipid peroxidation were determined, such as diene conjugates (DC), cetodiene (CD), malondialdehyde (MDA), Schiff bases (SHB), and the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GP), catalase (CAT), and adenosine deaminase (ADA) enzymes were evaluated by the parameters of antioxidant protection. The mean ± SEM values were calculated for each group to determine the significance of the intergroup difference. Each parameter was analyzed separately using the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test. To determine the difference between groups, Student’s “t”-test was used. Studies have shown that with the use of cadmium in the blood of experimental animals, there is a violation of catabolits of lipoperoxidation, depending on the length of the days of poisoning, but a significant decrease in the biocorrection of Beta vulgaris’s seeds. Because of in this study, we found that the activity levels of antioxidant defense enzymes were significantly increased in the blood of experimental animals, which biocorrected with beetroot seed infusion. In conclusion, our study allows us to state that the use infusion of Beta vulgaris’s seeds in subacute and acute experiments with poisoning of experimental rats with cadmium nitrate as an antioxidant protective effect.","PeriodicalId":9377,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Karaganda University. “Biology, medicine, geography Series”","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74228746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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