Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.31489/2023bmg2/100-106
Zh. Olzhabayeva, B. Abdullaeva, I. Zharkova, A. Tukpetova
The problem of adaptation and reactivity of an organism to various environmental factors is one of the central problems in theoretical and practical biology. At present, the attention of researchers is especially attracted by the issues of ecological adaptation. Morphological works that shed light on the corresponding structural and functional rearrangements of fish gills in connection with their ecology are still poorly understood. In particular, the issues of comparative morphological assessment of the adaptive responses of gas exchange organs have not been developed. The impact of the enterprises of the metal and mining complexis reflected in the tissues of the organs of fish. Thus, environmental factors, such as the accumulation of heavy metals in water, subject the fish body to a structural and functional rearrangement, thereby changing the normal tissue structure. In this regard, the purpose of the study was to study changes in the histological structures of the gills of carp and zander living in Lake Balkhash. Changes in the tissue structure of the gill arch of fish were in the form of emerging pathologies, the frequency of which was noted using a comparative analysis. For the implementation of this work, a histological, morphometric and statistical study of the tissues of the gills of the studied fish individuals was also carried out. The following pathological processes were observed in the structure of the gills of carp and zander: changes in the shape of secondary lamellae, hyperplasia of the gill epithelium, necrosis and edema of the respiratory epithelium, as well as foci of hemorrhages. The detected changes in the histological structures of fish gills indicate the impact of external environmental factors, one of which, in this article, is the accumulation of heavy metals in water. This study was carried out from a natural ecosystem, thus, literary sources are used to compare the data obtained.
{"title":"Study of changes in the histological structure of the gills of carp and zander living in lake Balkhash","authors":"Zh. Olzhabayeva, B. Abdullaeva, I. Zharkova, A. Tukpetova","doi":"10.31489/2023bmg2/100-106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31489/2023bmg2/100-106","url":null,"abstract":"The problem of adaptation and reactivity of an organism to various environmental factors is one of the central problems in theoretical and practical biology. At present, the attention of researchers is especially attracted by the issues of ecological adaptation. Morphological works that shed light on the corresponding structural and functional rearrangements of fish gills in connection with their ecology are still poorly understood. In particular, the issues of comparative morphological assessment of the adaptive responses of gas exchange organs have not been developed. The impact of the enterprises of the metal and mining complexis reflected in the tissues of the organs of fish. Thus, environmental factors, such as the accumulation of heavy metals in water, subject the fish body to a structural and functional rearrangement, thereby changing the normal tissue structure. In this regard, the purpose of the study was to study changes in the histological structures of the gills of carp and zander living in Lake Balkhash. Changes in the tissue structure of the gill arch of fish were in the form of emerging pathologies, the frequency of which was noted using a comparative analysis. For the implementation of this work, a histological, morphometric and statistical study of the tissues of the gills of the studied fish individuals was also carried out. The following pathological processes were observed in the structure of the gills of carp and zander: changes in the shape of secondary lamellae, hyperplasia of the gill epithelium, necrosis and edema of the respiratory epithelium, as well as foci of hemorrhages. The detected changes in the histological structures of fish gills indicate the impact of external environmental factors, one of which, in this article, is the accumulation of heavy metals in water. This study was carried out from a natural ecosystem, thus, literary sources are used to compare the data obtained.","PeriodicalId":9377,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Karaganda University. “Biology, medicine, geography Series”","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84865133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.31489/2023bmg2/139-144
A. M. Tlenshiyeva, Tamara Minazhevna Shalakmetova
The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of water temperature (18, 26 and 34°C) and pH (5.5, 6.5, 7.5 and 8.5, 9.5) on the incubation and larval stages of grass carp eggs, and also in parallel, it was necessary to determine the optimal values. According to the results of the study, at a temperature above 34°C and a pH level of 5.5 and 9.5 (32.5±0.5), (35±0.001), as well as 18°C and a pH level of 5.5 (22, 5±0.2) and 9.5 (42.5±0.3) showed a decrease in the percentage of hatching egg growth and embryonic development during the incubation period. It has been established that the maximum survival rate of incubated eggs at a temperature of 26°C and pH 7.5 (95% ± 0.002) is favorable for the survival of whitefish in embryonic and postembryonic development. At the same time, the embryonic stages of grass carp development at very low temperatures proceeded very slowly. That is, we have seen that the stages of development are long in time. On the other hand, at higher temperatures it was faster at 34°C. Current results indicate that pH 7.5 at 26°C water temperature is most suitable for egg incubation, while pH 6.5 to 8.5 is best for the growth of Ctenopharyngodon idella eggs.
{"title":"To determine the optimal effect of pH and temperature on the embryological development of Ctenopharyngodon idella","authors":"A. M. Tlenshiyeva, Tamara Minazhevna Shalakmetova","doi":"10.31489/2023bmg2/139-144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31489/2023bmg2/139-144","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of water temperature (18, 26 and 34°C) and pH (5.5, 6.5, 7.5 and 8.5, 9.5) on the incubation and larval stages of grass carp eggs, and also in parallel, it was necessary to determine the optimal values. According to the results of the study, at a temperature above 34°C and a pH level of 5.5 and 9.5 (32.5±0.5), (35±0.001), as well as 18°C and a pH level of 5.5 (22, 5±0.2) and 9.5 (42.5±0.3) showed a decrease in the percentage of hatching egg growth and embryonic development during the incubation period. It has been established that the maximum survival rate of incubated eggs at a temperature of 26°C and pH 7.5 (95% ± 0.002) is favorable for the survival of whitefish in embryonic and postembryonic development. At the same time, the embryonic stages of grass carp development at very low temperatures proceeded very slowly. That is, we have seen that the stages of development are long in time. On the other hand, at higher temperatures it was faster at 34°C. Current results indicate that pH 7.5 at 26°C water temperature is most suitable for egg incubation, while pH 6.5 to 8.5 is best for the growth of Ctenopharyngodon idella eggs.","PeriodicalId":9377,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Karaganda University. “Biology, medicine, geography Series”","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73305856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.31489/2023bmg2/145-150
A. Tursynbay, Zhanat Zhumabekovna Karzhaubekova, Nadezhda Gennadjevna Gemejiyeva
Present article provides the results of a primary phytochemical analysis of Fritillaria karelinii (Fisch. ex D. Don) Baker (syn. Rhinopetalum karelinii Fisch. ex D. Don) from family Liliaceae Juss., collected from different fields of populations in the Almaty region. A comparative analysis of water-alcohol isolations allowed identifying three substances belonging to phenolic nature, and the quantitative contents of flavonoids (in the range of 0.7–1.03 % in terms of air dry matter) and some other biological active compounds (alkaloids, amino acids, organic acids). There is a correlation in the quantitative content of arginine (max) and methionine (min) out of 13 amino acids that were identified in bulbs of three studied samples. By accumulation of amino acids, the Ili plant sample shows quantitatively different from the other two, for example arginine, proline (0.475), leucine (0.372), lysine, valine, phenyl, threonine, and alanine (0.51–0.31) prevail, and methionine and histidine were less than 0.1 %. Valine, threonine and proline are contained in the range of 0.298– 0.193 %, while lysine, leucine, phenylalanine, and serine are in the range of 0.175–0.161 % for a sample collected near Nurly village. The content of other identified amino acids was below 0.15 %.
{"title":"To a phytochemical study of Kazakhstani species Fritillaria karelinii (Fisch. ex D. Don) Baker","authors":"A. Tursynbay, Zhanat Zhumabekovna Karzhaubekova, Nadezhda Gennadjevna Gemejiyeva","doi":"10.31489/2023bmg2/145-150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31489/2023bmg2/145-150","url":null,"abstract":"Present article provides the results of a primary phytochemical analysis of Fritillaria karelinii (Fisch. ex D. Don) Baker (syn. Rhinopetalum karelinii Fisch. ex D. Don) from family Liliaceae Juss., collected from different fields of populations in the Almaty region. A comparative analysis of water-alcohol isolations allowed identifying three substances belonging to phenolic nature, and the quantitative contents of flavonoids (in the range of 0.7–1.03 % in terms of air dry matter) and some other biological active compounds (alkaloids, amino acids, organic acids). There is a correlation in the quantitative content of arginine (max) and methionine (min) out of 13 amino acids that were identified in bulbs of three studied samples. By accumulation of amino acids, the Ili plant sample shows quantitatively different from the other two, for example arginine, proline (0.475), leucine (0.372), lysine, valine, phenyl, threonine, and alanine (0.51–0.31) prevail, and methionine and histidine were less than 0.1 %. Valine, threonine and proline are contained in the range of 0.298– 0.193 %, while lysine, leucine, phenylalanine, and serine are in the range of 0.175–0.161 % for a sample collected near Nurly village. The content of other identified amino acids was below 0.15 %.","PeriodicalId":9377,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Karaganda University. “Biology, medicine, geography Series”","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86967471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.31489/2023bmg2/199-205
Fang Han, Aidos Adai, B. Zhandilla
Since the 1960s, the application of GIS technology in the field of geography has led geography to the development path of informatization and digitization. GIS technology, which focuses on spatial information analysis and spatial data management, has become an important spatial system for geographic exploration. GIS technology has extremely important advantages in collecting, processing, simulating, analyzing and expressing geospatial data. Object: This paper takes the spatial pattern of cross-border tourism cooperation in the Altai Mountains region as the research object. Methods: The research methods are: the terrain analysis, threedimensional scene simulation, data statistics, suitability analysis, visual domain analysis, transportation network analysis, and project site selection of GIS technology in tourism planning. Results: The presented research is analytical in nature. The specific application of GIS technology in tourism planning is discussed. Also, 7 types of GIS applications were considered in the paper. In summary, GIS is mainly composed of data input system, data management system, spatial analysis system and data output system. It has very important application value in tourism management and development.
{"title":"Application of GIS technology in cross-border tourism cooperation planning. Taking the analysis of the spatial pattern of cross-border eco-tourism cooperation in the Altai Mountains region as an example","authors":"Fang Han, Aidos Adai, B. Zhandilla","doi":"10.31489/2023bmg2/199-205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31489/2023bmg2/199-205","url":null,"abstract":"Since the 1960s, the application of GIS technology in the field of geography has led geography to the development path of informatization and digitization. GIS technology, which focuses on spatial information analysis and spatial data management, has become an important spatial system for geographic exploration. GIS technology has extremely important advantages in collecting, processing, simulating, analyzing and expressing geospatial data. Object: This paper takes the spatial pattern of cross-border tourism cooperation in the Altai Mountains region as the research object. Methods: The research methods are: the terrain analysis, threedimensional scene simulation, data statistics, suitability analysis, visual domain analysis, transportation network analysis, and project site selection of GIS technology in tourism planning. Results: The presented research is analytical in nature. The specific application of GIS technology in tourism planning is discussed. Also, 7 types of GIS applications were considered in the paper. In summary, GIS is mainly composed of data input system, data management system, spatial analysis system and data output system. It has very important application value in tourism management and development.","PeriodicalId":9377,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Karaganda University. “Biology, medicine, geography Series”","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87174583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article describes for the first time the features of the morphological and anatomical structure of the leaves of the hybrids Shan Tong and FTE of the species Paulownia Siebold & Zucc, grown in the conditions of Almaty. This type of tree is widely distributed in natural conditions in the countries of Southeast Asia. It is currently cultivated in many countries. Relevance of the work: Paulownia wood is widely used in the forestry industry, for the production of biofuels and biogas, as a bioremediant and in medicine. It is cultivated in Kazakhstan for the first time, and therefore biological and ecological studies of Paulownia hybrids have not been carried out in local environmental conditions. Given its practical significance, it is extremely necessary for our country, which is experiencing a shortage of forest, to use the capabilities of this tree. Aims and objectives of the work: to study and compare the morphological and anatomical features of the leaves of the Shan Tong and FTE hybrids of the Paulownia species. Research methods: morphometric indicators and morphological structure of organs were carried out according to the generally accepted methodology. For microscopic analysis, fixation was performed by the Strasburger-Flemming method. Result: the concentration sites of biologically active substances were established when identifying diagnostic signs of the anatomical structure of the leaves of Shan Tong and FTE, and it was also found that glycosides are concentrated in columnar and loose mesophyll. Microscopic sections revealed that in the anatomical structure of the leaf there are simple multicellular mononuclear trichomes, unicellular glandular hairs, unbranched pitcher-shaped, multicellular, mononuclear large trichomes. The comparison revealed that the morphometric parameters of the FTE hybrid leaf are higher than the morphometric parameters of the Shan Tong hybrid leaf, the difference was observed only in the thickness of the columnar mesophyll. The obtained results make it possible to identify the anatomical features of the leaves of related Paulownia species, as well as to confirm, clarify and supplement the data. The data obtained can be used for systematic studies of related species of Paulownia in practical use.
{"title":"Comparative morphological and anatomical features of the leaves of the species Paulownia Siebold & Zucc","authors":"Zhanar Birzhanovna Kaldybayeva, M. Kurmanbayeva","doi":"10.31489/2023bmg2/68-75","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31489/2023bmg2/68-75","url":null,"abstract":"The article describes for the first time the features of the morphological and anatomical structure of the leaves of the hybrids Shan Tong and FTE of the species Paulownia Siebold & Zucc, grown in the conditions of Almaty. This type of tree is widely distributed in natural conditions in the countries of Southeast Asia. It is currently cultivated in many countries. Relevance of the work: Paulownia wood is widely used in the forestry industry, for the production of biofuels and biogas, as a bioremediant and in medicine. It is cultivated in Kazakhstan for the first time, and therefore biological and ecological studies of Paulownia hybrids have not been carried out in local environmental conditions. Given its practical significance, it is extremely necessary for our country, which is experiencing a shortage of forest, to use the capabilities of this tree. Aims and objectives of the work: to study and compare the morphological and anatomical features of the leaves of the Shan Tong and FTE hybrids of the Paulownia species. Research methods: morphometric indicators and morphological structure of organs were carried out according to the generally accepted methodology. For microscopic analysis, fixation was performed by the Strasburger-Flemming method. Result: the concentration sites of biologically active substances were established when identifying diagnostic signs of the anatomical structure of the leaves of Shan Tong and FTE, and it was also found that glycosides are concentrated in columnar and loose mesophyll. Microscopic sections revealed that in the anatomical structure of the leaf there are simple multicellular mononuclear trichomes, unicellular glandular hairs, unbranched pitcher-shaped, multicellular, mononuclear large trichomes. The comparison revealed that the morphometric parameters of the FTE hybrid leaf are higher than the morphometric parameters of the Shan Tong hybrid leaf, the difference was observed only in the thickness of the columnar mesophyll. The obtained results make it possible to identify the anatomical features of the leaves of related Paulownia species, as well as to confirm, clarify and supplement the data. The data obtained can be used for systematic studies of related species of Paulownia in practical use.","PeriodicalId":9377,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Karaganda University. “Biology, medicine, geography Series”","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78345791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.31489/2023bmg2/124-129
Arailym Talgatkyzy Serikbay, D. Ageev, A. Aitkulov
In Kazakhstan, the physicochemical properties of the nanoparticle were studied, but the physiological properties and toxicity to living organisms were not studied earlier. These studies have not been conducted in Kazakhstan, which presents broad prospects for scientific research. This paper presents the results of a comparative study of the anatomy of Pisum sativum seedlings exposed to macro- and nanoparticles of zinc of various concentrations (5, 10, 20 and 200 mg/100 ml). The anatomy of cross sections of vegetative organs of pea seedlings was studied. It has been established that zinc macro- and nanoparticles cause changes in the diameter of conductive beams, the thickness of internal and external tissues of the stem and root of seedlings. Differences in the influence of zinc nanoparticles on plant life processes depending on their concentration and the manifestation of their toxicity have been established. Thus, the determination of ways and means of the impact of metal nanoparticles on a living organism is an extremely important and relevant work necessary to establish scientifically-based concentrations and sizes of nanoparticles in water, air or in the composition of various materials with which a person comes into contact.
{"title":"Anatomical parameters of Pisum sativum seedlings under the influence of macro- and nanoparticles of zinc","authors":"Arailym Talgatkyzy Serikbay, D. Ageev, A. Aitkulov","doi":"10.31489/2023bmg2/124-129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31489/2023bmg2/124-129","url":null,"abstract":"In Kazakhstan, the physicochemical properties of the nanoparticle were studied, but the physiological properties and toxicity to living organisms were not studied earlier. These studies have not been conducted in Kazakhstan, which presents broad prospects for scientific research. This paper presents the results of a comparative study of the anatomy of Pisum sativum seedlings exposed to macro- and nanoparticles of zinc of various concentrations (5, 10, 20 and 200 mg/100 ml). The anatomy of cross sections of vegetative organs of pea seedlings was studied. It has been established that zinc macro- and nanoparticles cause changes in the diameter of conductive beams, the thickness of internal and external tissues of the stem and root of seedlings. Differences in the influence of zinc nanoparticles on plant life processes depending on their concentration and the manifestation of their toxicity have been established. Thus, the determination of ways and means of the impact of metal nanoparticles on a living organism is an extremely important and relevant work necessary to establish scientifically-based concentrations and sizes of nanoparticles in water, air or in the composition of various materials with which a person comes into contact.","PeriodicalId":9377,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Karaganda University. “Biology, medicine, geography Series”","volume":"303 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78246550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Kushnarenko, Ulzhan Aitmukhametkyzy Manapkanova, N. Rymkhanova, T. T. Turdiev, B. Zhumabayeva, K.P. Aubakirova, N. Galiakparov
Raspberry bushy dwarf virus (RBDV) is one of the most common and harmful raspberry pathogens, significantly reducing yield of the crop and quality of berries. The efficiency of various methods for RBDV eradication in Malinovaya Gryada variety in vitro plant lets was compared. Thermotherapy, chemotherapy and cryotherapy, as well as combinations of these techniques, have been tested to eliminate RBDV. Thermotherapy of aseptic plants was carried out in a growth chamber at alternating temperatures (16 h at 38°C, light intensity 25 µmol•m-2•s-1 ; 8 h at 24-26°C, darkness) for two weeks. Chemotherapy was carried out by in vitro plant culture for 4 weeks on Murashige-Skoog medium with 30 mg/L of ribavirin. For cryotherapy of shoot tips, the PVS2 vitrification technique was used. In vitro plants were tested for viruses by multiplex TaqMan real-time PCR. It was found that thermotherapy and chemotherapy alone, as well as the combination of these treatments with cryotherapy, did not result in RBDV elimination. Only when chemotherapy was used in combination with thermotherapy, RBDV was not detected in 37.5% of in vitro plants. The highest percentage of RBDV-free plants was obtained using the combined technique: chemotherapy + thermotherapy + cryotherapy, while RBDV elimination was confirmed in 66.7% plants.
{"title":"Development of in vitro technique for elimination of Raspberry bushy dwarf virus","authors":"S. Kushnarenko, Ulzhan Aitmukhametkyzy Manapkanova, N. Rymkhanova, T. T. Turdiev, B. Zhumabayeva, K.P. Aubakirova, N. Galiakparov","doi":"10.31489/2023bmg2/76-84","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31489/2023bmg2/76-84","url":null,"abstract":"Raspberry bushy dwarf virus (RBDV) is one of the most common and harmful raspberry pathogens, significantly reducing yield of the crop and quality of berries. The efficiency of various methods for RBDV eradication in Malinovaya Gryada variety in vitro plant lets was compared. Thermotherapy, chemotherapy and cryotherapy, as well as combinations of these techniques, have been tested to eliminate RBDV. Thermotherapy of aseptic plants was carried out in a growth chamber at alternating temperatures (16 h at 38°C, light intensity 25 µmol•m-2•s-1 ; 8 h at 24-26°C, darkness) for two weeks. Chemotherapy was carried out by in vitro plant culture for 4 weeks on Murashige-Skoog medium with 30 mg/L of ribavirin. For cryotherapy of shoot tips, the PVS2 vitrification technique was used. In vitro plants were tested for viruses by multiplex TaqMan real-time PCR. It was found that thermotherapy and chemotherapy alone, as well as the combination of these treatments with cryotherapy, did not result in RBDV elimination. Only when chemotherapy was used in combination with thermotherapy, RBDV was not detected in 37.5% of in vitro plants. The highest percentage of RBDV-free plants was obtained using the combined technique: chemotherapy + thermotherapy + cryotherapy, while RBDV elimination was confirmed in 66.7% plants.","PeriodicalId":9377,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Karaganda University. “Biology, medicine, geography Series”","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85644970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article presents the results of a study to determine the optimal nutrient medium for the cultivation of lactobacteria. The objects of the study were selected pure, active strains of lactic acid microorganisms. In order to determine the optimal nutrient medium of lactobacillus strains, 5 different standard and differentiated nutrient media were studied – MRS medium, chalk agar, Eikman milk agar, cabbage agar, carrot agar for the cultivation of lactobacteria according to A.I. Netrusov. As a result of studies on carrot agar for the cultivation of lactobacteria according to A.I. Netrusov, the growth of lactic acid bacteria was 3.3 * 107 CFU, 3.21*107 CFU, 3.05* 107 CFU, thereby showing a high result. It was revealed that strains of lactic acid bacteria grow well on cabbage agar and MRS medium, the smallest growth was on chalk agar and Eikman milk agar. The peculiarities of the growth of lactobacillus cultures on these media were also investigated, it was revealed that when lactobacillus cultures grow on these media, they form turbidity and enlightenment zones around the colony are observed. These features are related to the composition of the nutrient medium and the physiological nature of the strain.
{"title":"Determination of the optimal nutrient medium for the cultivation of lactobacteria strains","authors":"Gulshara Kanatkyzy Abay, Urishbai Chomanovich Chomanov","doi":"10.31489/2023bmg2/7-14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31489/2023bmg2/7-14","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents the results of a study to determine the optimal nutrient medium for the cultivation of lactobacteria. The objects of the study were selected pure, active strains of lactic acid microorganisms. In order to determine the optimal nutrient medium of lactobacillus strains, 5 different standard and differentiated nutrient media were studied – MRS medium, chalk agar, Eikman milk agar, cabbage agar, carrot agar for the cultivation of lactobacteria according to A.I. Netrusov. As a result of studies on carrot agar for the cultivation of lactobacteria according to A.I. Netrusov, the growth of lactic acid bacteria was 3.3 * 107 CFU, 3.21*107 CFU, 3.05* 107 CFU, thereby showing a high result. It was revealed that strains of lactic acid bacteria grow well on cabbage agar and MRS medium, the smallest growth was on chalk agar and Eikman milk agar. The peculiarities of the growth of lactobacillus cultures on these media were also investigated, it was revealed that when lactobacillus cultures grow on these media, they form turbidity and enlightenment zones around the colony are observed. These features are related to the composition of the nutrient medium and the physiological nature of the strain.","PeriodicalId":9377,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Karaganda University. “Biology, medicine, geography Series”","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84533505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kulzipa Zhusupovna Dakieva, G. Sadykanova, A. Tsyganov, Roza Seydakhmetovna Beisembayeva, Nazgul Zhanibekovna Zhensikbayeva, S. Kumarbekuly, Gulfat Zhanbolatovna Kalelova
Titanium-magnesium production, being a sub-branch of metallurgy, is characterized by significant heat emissions at a number of technological stages. Numerous studies indicate the adverse effect of the microclimate on the human body. High air temperature and intense radiation cause a significant strain of thermoregulation, the state of the central nervous system, neuromuscular apparatus. The heating microclimate aggravates the negative impact of not only industrial noise, but also harmful gases, toxic substances contained in the air, especially when performing intensive muscle work, nervous and emotional stress. Labor operations are carried out in conditions of high temperature, heat emission, dust and gas emission. In addition, the work requires physical efforts to clean the mixer from slag and extract sludge from the melting furnace. In a shift, workers spend 70% of their time performing labor operations. Anhydrous carnallite melt is poured into the electrolyzes. Here work electrolysis adjusters, electrolysis vacuum cleaners, anodizes, chlorinators, who during the discharge of the melt are 1.5-2.0 meters from the open surface and are exposed to radiant heat, aerosols of magnesium, its oxides, magnesium chloride. The operation requires considerable physical effort. Hygienic studies of the air environment in the main workshops of titanium - magnesium production have shown that toxic chemicals are contained in the air of the working areas of the main workshops: sulfur dioxide, hydrogen chloride, magnesium chloride. The concentration of these substances often exceeds the permissible level by several dozen times. There are few works in the literature on the effect on the body of harmful components of the production of magnesium and titanium and their compounds. The existing working conditions adversely affect the health of workers. Workers in the leading specialties of this production often have respiratory organs damaged, and changes in the nervous and skeletal systems are observed. Nonspecific diseases are more common, such as influenza, acute diseases of the upper respiratory tract, diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, musculoskeletal system and skin.
{"title":"Study of the mineral status of the organism of the workers of the main workshops of the titanium-magnesium combine","authors":"Kulzipa Zhusupovna Dakieva, G. Sadykanova, A. Tsyganov, Roza Seydakhmetovna Beisembayeva, Nazgul Zhanibekovna Zhensikbayeva, S. Kumarbekuly, Gulfat Zhanbolatovna Kalelova","doi":"10.31489/2023bmg2/46-53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31489/2023bmg2/46-53","url":null,"abstract":"Titanium-magnesium production, being a sub-branch of metallurgy, is characterized by significant heat emissions at a number of technological stages. Numerous studies indicate the adverse effect of the microclimate on the human body. High air temperature and intense radiation cause a significant strain of thermoregulation, the state of the central nervous system, neuromuscular apparatus. The heating microclimate aggravates the negative impact of not only industrial noise, but also harmful gases, toxic substances contained in the air, especially when performing intensive muscle work, nervous and emotional stress. Labor operations are carried out in conditions of high temperature, heat emission, dust and gas emission. In addition, the work requires physical efforts to clean the mixer from slag and extract sludge from the melting furnace. In a shift, workers spend 70% of their time performing labor operations. Anhydrous carnallite melt is poured into the electrolyzes. Here work electrolysis adjusters, electrolysis vacuum cleaners, anodizes, chlorinators, who during the discharge of the melt are 1.5-2.0 meters from the open surface and are exposed to radiant heat, aerosols of magnesium, its oxides, magnesium chloride. The operation requires considerable physical effort. Hygienic studies of the air environment in the main workshops of titanium - magnesium production have shown that toxic chemicals are contained in the air of the working areas of the main workshops: sulfur dioxide, hydrogen chloride, magnesium chloride. The concentration of these substances often exceeds the permissible level by several dozen times. There are few works in the literature on the effect on the body of harmful components of the production of magnesium and titanium and their compounds. The existing working conditions adversely affect the health of workers. Workers in the leading specialties of this production often have respiratory organs damaged, and changes in the nervous and skeletal systems are observed. Nonspecific diseases are more common, such as influenza, acute diseases of the upper respiratory tract, diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, musculoskeletal system and skin.","PeriodicalId":9377,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Karaganda University. “Biology, medicine, geography Series”","volume":"309 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79620344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.31489/2023bmg2/113-123
G. Sadyrova, Tursynkul Amankeldiyevna Bazarbaeva, G. Mukanova, Sairan Jamilova
The article provides an assessment of the ecological state of green spaces on the example of the Bostandyk district of Almaty. The total area of boulevards, squares and green areas of the Bostandyk district of Almaty today is 147.4 hectares. Bostandyk district of Almaty is one of the three greenest districts of Almaty after Medeu and Turksib districts. As our studies have shown, 95 % of green plantations of tree species in the Bostandyk district of Almaty are represented by introducers and a small part of local species — natives. The landscaping of the territory of the city of Almaty is represented by plantings of different types. These include groves, alleys, gardens, parks, boulevards, squares, green areas, intra-district gardening, street gardening. At the same time, a wide variety of species is observed in gardens, parks, boulevards, groves and a very small use of three or four species in landscaping streets. Among the tree plantations, 35 species are massive, which grow along all the streets, boulevards, squares of the Bostandyk district. From hardwoods: Populus nigra, Populus italica, Populus alba, Fraxinus excelsior and others. From the local natural flora grow — Armeniaca vulgaris, Prunus sogdiana, Fraxinus sogdiana, Rhamnus cathartica, Picea schrenkiana.
{"title":"Assessment of the ecological state of green spaces of Almaty city on the example of Bostandyk district","authors":"G. Sadyrova, Tursynkul Amankeldiyevna Bazarbaeva, G. Mukanova, Sairan Jamilova","doi":"10.31489/2023bmg2/113-123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31489/2023bmg2/113-123","url":null,"abstract":"The article provides an assessment of the ecological state of green spaces on the example of the Bostandyk district of Almaty. The total area of boulevards, squares and green areas of the Bostandyk district of Almaty today is 147.4 hectares. Bostandyk district of Almaty is one of the three greenest districts of Almaty after Medeu and Turksib districts. As our studies have shown, 95 % of green plantations of tree species in the Bostandyk district of Almaty are represented by introducers and a small part of local species — natives. The landscaping of the territory of the city of Almaty is represented by plantings of different types. These include groves, alleys, gardens, parks, boulevards, squares, green areas, intra-district gardening, street gardening. At the same time, a wide variety of species is observed in gardens, parks, boulevards, groves and a very small use of three or four species in landscaping streets. Among the tree plantations, 35 species are massive, which grow along all the streets, boulevards, squares of the Bostandyk district. From hardwoods: Populus nigra, Populus italica, Populus alba, Fraxinus excelsior and others. From the local natural flora grow — Armeniaca vulgaris, Prunus sogdiana, Fraxinus sogdiana, Rhamnus cathartica, Picea schrenkiana.","PeriodicalId":9377,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Karaganda University. “Biology, medicine, geography Series”","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78673165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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