Xuanfei Baidu granule is an effective prescription for COVID-19, which is modified from classical famous prescriptions. In order to further standardize clinician’s rational use of Xuanfei Baidu granule, enhance clinical efficacy, improve rational medication level, and let it play a more significant role, the frontline clinical experts are invited for discussion on the major functions, usage, adverse reactions, and considerations of Xuanfei Baidu granule to form the consensus. The consensus is that: Xuanfei Baidu granule has the efficacy of promoting the lung and resolving dampness, clearing heat and removing pathogeneses, purging the lung and depoisoning; it can be used for the treatment of patients with mild, moderate, and heavy COVID-19 and other common upper respiratory tract infectious diseases such as influenza; acute tracheitis and bronchitis and community-acquired lower respiratory tract infectious diseases all belong to damp-toxin constraint in the lungs, Xuanfei Baidu granule can relieve cough, expectoration, and other symptoms caused by an acute exacerbation of the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, with definite clinical efficacy and good safety. According to the principles of evidence-based medicine, this expert consensus will be updated regularly.
{"title":"Expert consensus on the clinical application of Xuanfei Baidu granule","authors":"Qingquan Liu, Hongchung Zhang, Chengxiang Wang, Q. Miao, Fengwen Yang, Yuhong Huang, Wenke Zheng","doi":"10.1097/HM9.0000000000000052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/HM9.0000000000000052","url":null,"abstract":"Xuanfei Baidu granule is an effective prescription for COVID-19, which is modified from classical famous prescriptions. In order to further standardize clinician’s rational use of Xuanfei Baidu granule, enhance clinical efficacy, improve rational medication level, and let it play a more significant role, the frontline clinical experts are invited for discussion on the major functions, usage, adverse reactions, and considerations of Xuanfei Baidu granule to form the consensus. The consensus is that: Xuanfei Baidu granule has the efficacy of promoting the lung and resolving dampness, clearing heat and removing pathogeneses, purging the lung and depoisoning; it can be used for the treatment of patients with mild, moderate, and heavy COVID-19 and other common upper respiratory tract infectious diseases such as influenza; acute tracheitis and bronchitis and community-acquired lower respiratory tract infectious diseases all belong to damp-toxin constraint in the lungs, Xuanfei Baidu granule can relieve cough, expectoration, and other symptoms caused by an acute exacerbation of the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, with definite clinical efficacy and good safety. According to the principles of evidence-based medicine, this expert consensus will be updated regularly.","PeriodicalId":93856,"journal":{"name":"Acupuncture and herbal medicine","volume":"14 1","pages":"1 - 6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90782273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-12DOI: 10.1097/HM9.0000000000000054
Yajie Sun, Jing Li, Rainer Georgi, Bernhard Kolberg, Lihong Yang
Background: We aimed to investigate changes into the levels of angiogenesis-associated factors following cerebral infarction and acupuncture intervention and reveal the underlying molecular mechanisms involved in promoting angiogenesis. Methods: Model rats with middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) were randomized into electroacupuncture (EA), model control (MC), and blank control (control) groups. Changes in the degree of neurological impairment following cerebral infarction and angiogenesis in the ischemic center and peripheral area were observed using immunofluorescence double-labeling. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western blotting were used to detect changes in the Ang-1, Ang-2, PDGF-B, and bFGF levels. Moreover, the effects of EA intervention were evaluated. Results: The neurological severity score of each phase in the EA group was lower than that into the simultaneous phase in the MC group. The proliferation of vascular endothelial cells in the EA group was higher than that in the MC group at 12 hours to 7 days. The Ang-1 and Ang-2 mRNA and protein levels in the EA group were significantly higher than those in the MC group. PDGF-B levels in the EA group were significantly higher than those in the MC group at 3 to 6 hours and 3 to 12 days, and protein levels were high at 6 hours and 3 to 12 days. bFGF mRNA levels at 24 hours to 12 days and bFGF protein at 3 to 12 days were significantly elevated in the EA group than those in the MC group. Conclusions: EA at Shui Gou(DU 26) significantly improved the neurological symptoms of MCAO rats, promoted vascular endothelial cell proliferative activity around the infarct area, significantly advanced the time of proliferation of vascular endothelial cells, and upregulated the expression of angiogenesis-related factors, thereby promoting angiogenesis. Thus, EA may significantly improve the prognosis of cerebral infarction. Graphical abstract: http://links.lww.com/AHM/A43.
{"title":"Effects of acupuncture on angiogenesis-associated factor expression in ischemic brain tissue following cerebral infarction in rats","authors":"Yajie Sun, Jing Li, Rainer Georgi, Bernhard Kolberg, Lihong Yang","doi":"10.1097/HM9.0000000000000054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/HM9.0000000000000054","url":null,"abstract":"Background: We aimed to investigate changes into the levels of angiogenesis-associated factors following cerebral infarction and acupuncture intervention and reveal the underlying molecular mechanisms involved in promoting angiogenesis. Methods: Model rats with middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) were randomized into electroacupuncture (EA), model control (MC), and blank control (control) groups. Changes in the degree of neurological impairment following cerebral infarction and angiogenesis in the ischemic center and peripheral area were observed using immunofluorescence double-labeling. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and western blotting were used to detect changes in the Ang-1, Ang-2, PDGF-B, and bFGF levels. Moreover, the effects of EA intervention were evaluated. Results: The neurological severity score of each phase in the EA group was lower than that into the simultaneous phase in the MC group. The proliferation of vascular endothelial cells in the EA group was higher than that in the MC group at 12 hours to 7 days. The Ang-1 and Ang-2 mRNA and protein levels in the EA group were significantly higher than those in the MC group. PDGF-B levels in the EA group were significantly higher than those in the MC group at 3 to 6 hours and 3 to 12 days, and protein levels were high at 6 hours and 3 to 12 days. bFGF mRNA levels at 24 hours to 12 days and bFGF protein at 3 to 12 days were significantly elevated in the EA group than those in the MC group. Conclusions: EA at Shui Gou(DU 26) significantly improved the neurological symptoms of MCAO rats, promoted vascular endothelial cell proliferative activity around the infarct area, significantly advanced the time of proliferation of vascular endothelial cells, and upregulated the expression of angiogenesis-related factors, thereby promoting angiogenesis. Thus, EA may significantly improve the prognosis of cerebral infarction. Graphical abstract: http://links.lww.com/AHM/A43.","PeriodicalId":93856,"journal":{"name":"Acupuncture and herbal medicine","volume":"61 1","pages":"46 - 54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87830161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Acupuncture therapy is widely used in the clinic, and its therapeutic effects have been proven by numerous studies. The dose–effect relationship of acupuncture is a fundamental aspect of the acupuncture research system. Recent studies found that different acupuncture dosages altered study results directly, indicating the importance of screening the optimal stimulation dosage. However, the system for studying the acupuncture dose–effect relationship is still in its infancy, and the methodology of the system needs to be improved. This review aimed to define the factors impacting acupuncture “dosage” and “effect,” and to improve the methodological system for research on the dose–effect relationship of acupuncture. By summarizing the current findings of acupuncture dose–effect studies, we discussed the vital acupuncture parameters and methodological problems that influence the relationship between acupuncture dosage and its effects. These factors consist of specific influencing factors (acupoint selection, acupuncture manipulation parameters, de qi response) and nonspecific influencing factors (comparison selection, blinding procedure, patient expectancy). Our perspectives offer suggestions for the design of acupuncture dosage–effect trials. Further studies need to be conducted to establish the methodological system and provide systematic evidence of the acupuncture dose–effect relationship. Graphical abstract: http://links.lww.com/AHM/A37
{"title":"How to conduct an acupuncture dose–effect relationship study? A discussion based on study methodology","authors":"Boxuan Li, Menglong Zhang, Sakhorn Ngaenklangdon, Hailun Jiang, Weiming Zhu, Bifang Zhuo, Chenyang Qin, Yuanhao Lyu, Yuzheng Du, Shizhe Deng, Zhihong Meng","doi":"10.1097/HM9.0000000000000050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/HM9.0000000000000050","url":null,"abstract":"Acupuncture therapy is widely used in the clinic, and its therapeutic effects have been proven by numerous studies. The dose–effect relationship of acupuncture is a fundamental aspect of the acupuncture research system. Recent studies found that different acupuncture dosages altered study results directly, indicating the importance of screening the optimal stimulation dosage. However, the system for studying the acupuncture dose–effect relationship is still in its infancy, and the methodology of the system needs to be improved. This review aimed to define the factors impacting acupuncture “dosage” and “effect,” and to improve the methodological system for research on the dose–effect relationship of acupuncture. By summarizing the current findings of acupuncture dose–effect studies, we discussed the vital acupuncture parameters and methodological problems that influence the relationship between acupuncture dosage and its effects. These factors consist of specific influencing factors (acupoint selection, acupuncture manipulation parameters, de qi response) and nonspecific influencing factors (comparison selection, blinding procedure, patient expectancy). Our perspectives offer suggestions for the design of acupuncture dosage–effect trials. Further studies need to be conducted to establish the methodological system and provide systematic evidence of the acupuncture dose–effect relationship. Graphical abstract: http://links.lww.com/AHM/A37","PeriodicalId":93856,"journal":{"name":"Acupuncture and herbal medicine","volume":"38 1","pages":"221 - 228"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80915349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: We aimed to establish a novel strategy for identifying key genes and active anti-inflammatory ingredients in Panax medicinal plants. Methods: First, fresh roots of 2-year-old Panax plants, including P. ginseng C. A. Mey., P. quinquefolium L., P. notoginseng (Burk.) F. H. Chen, P. japonicus C.A.Mey., P. japonicus Mey. var. major (Burk.) C. Y. Wu et K. M. Feng, were selected as explants, and callus formation was induced under three experimental temperatures (17, 24, and 30°C). Second, high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to analyze the saponin content of the callus. Nitric oxide reduction efficacy was used for “component-efficacy” gray correlation analysis to find the active anti-inflammatory ingredients. Quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to determine the inflammatory factors and verify the active ingredients’ anti-inflammatory effects. Finally, qRT-PCR was used to detect the expression of key genes in the callus, and “gene-component” gray correlation analysis was used to examine the relationships between the regulatory pathway of the genes and the components. Results: Among the three experimental temperatures (17, 24, and 30°C), the lowest temperature (17°C) is the most suitable for generating Panax callus. Lower-latitude native Panax notoginseng is more adaptable under high culture temperatures (24°C and 30°C) than other Panax plants. The ginsenoside contents of the callus of P. notoginseng and P. japonicus were the highest under similar climate conditions (17°C). Major anti-inflammatory components were G-Rh1, G-Rb1, G-Rg3, and G-Rh6/Floral-GKa. CYP76A47 contributed to the accumulation of anti-inflammatory components. Conclusions: This study provides a strategy for the gene-component-efficacy correlational study of multi-component, multi-functional, and multi-purpose plants of the same genus. Graphical abstract: http://links.lww.com/AHM/A38
目的:建立西洋参药用植物关键基因及抗炎活性成分鉴定的新策略。方法:首先，用2年生的人参(参C. A. Mey.)新鲜根。，西洋参，三七陈富华，陈家祥，陈家祥。， P. japonicus Mey。变体major(伯克)选择Wu c.y.和Feng k.m.作为外植体，在17、24和30℃三个温度下诱导愈伤组织形成。其次，采用高效液相色谱-质谱法分析愈伤组织中皂苷的含量。利用一氧化氮还原功效进行“成分-功效”灰色关联分析，寻找抗炎活性成分。采用定量反转录聚合酶链反应(qRT-PCR)测定炎症因子，验证活性成分的抗炎作用。最后，采用qRT-PCR检测愈伤组织中关键基因的表达，并采用“基因-成分”灰色关联分析检测基因调控通路与成分之间的关系。结果:在17、24、30℃三个实验温度中，最低温度(17℃)最适合人参愈伤组织的产生。低纬度本地三七在高温(24°C和30°C)下的适应性比其他三七植物强。在相同气候条件下(17℃)，三七和粳稻愈伤组织人参皂苷含量最高。主要抗炎成分为G-Rh1、G-Rb1、G-Rg3和G-Rh6/ flora - gka。CYP76A47参与抗炎成分的积累。结论:本研究为同一属植物多成分、多功能、多用途的基因-成分-功效相关性研究提供了一种策略。图形摘要:http://links.lww.com/AHM/A38
{"title":"Identification of key genes and active anti-inflammatory ingredients in Panax medicinal plants by climate-regulated callus culture combined with gene-component-efficacy gray correlation analysis","authors":"Jiao Ai, Yongshen Ren, Long Cheng, Xinqiao Liu, Yan-qiu Li, Majing Jiao, Yingzhou Wang, Xin-Xian Deng, Linlin Chen","doi":"10.1097/HM9.0000000000000049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/HM9.0000000000000049","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: We aimed to establish a novel strategy for identifying key genes and active anti-inflammatory ingredients in Panax medicinal plants. Methods: First, fresh roots of 2-year-old Panax plants, including P. ginseng C. A. Mey., P. quinquefolium L., P. notoginseng (Burk.) F. H. Chen, P. japonicus C.A.Mey., P. japonicus Mey. var. major (Burk.) C. Y. Wu et K. M. Feng, were selected as explants, and callus formation was induced under three experimental temperatures (17, 24, and 30°C). Second, high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to analyze the saponin content of the callus. Nitric oxide reduction efficacy was used for “component-efficacy” gray correlation analysis to find the active anti-inflammatory ingredients. Quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to determine the inflammatory factors and verify the active ingredients’ anti-inflammatory effects. Finally, qRT-PCR was used to detect the expression of key genes in the callus, and “gene-component” gray correlation analysis was used to examine the relationships between the regulatory pathway of the genes and the components. Results: Among the three experimental temperatures (17, 24, and 30°C), the lowest temperature (17°C) is the most suitable for generating Panax callus. Lower-latitude native Panax notoginseng is more adaptable under high culture temperatures (24°C and 30°C) than other Panax plants. The ginsenoside contents of the callus of P. notoginseng and P. japonicus were the highest under similar climate conditions (17°C). Major anti-inflammatory components were G-Rh1, G-Rb1, G-Rg3, and G-Rh6/Floral-GKa. CYP76A47 contributed to the accumulation of anti-inflammatory components. Conclusions: This study provides a strategy for the gene-component-efficacy correlational study of multi-component, multi-functional, and multi-purpose plants of the same genus. Graphical abstract: http://links.lww.com/AHM/A38","PeriodicalId":93856,"journal":{"name":"Acupuncture and herbal medicine","volume":"66 1","pages":"261 - 273"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76674987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-06DOI: 10.1097/HM9.0000000000000048
C. Wang, Zhiying Yang, X. Chai, Yuefei Wang, Weili Wang, M. Zhang
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) remains rampant worldwide and poses a serious threat to human health. Tea is a medicinal and edible homologous plant that exhibits potential anti-SARS-CoV-2 properties via the prevention of virus entry into host cells, inhibition of virus replication, and enhancement of the innate and cellular immune responses. In this review, the properties of six major types of tea were systematically summarized, including green tea, yellow tea, white tea, oolong tea, black tea, and dark tea. We focused on the primary components of tea exhibiting antiviral activities, which included (–)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate, (–)-gallocatechin gallate, tannic acid, oolonghomobisflavan A, theaflavins, and white-tip silver needle flavonoids. Among them, (–)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate is proposed to be an antiviral compound that interferes with the entire life cycle of SARS-CoV-2 by balancing inflammation and immunity. Thus, this compound can serve as a promising lead structure for the development of SARS-CoV-2 inhibitors. Graphical abstract: http://links.lww.com/AHM/A39.
{"title":"Tea as a natural gift for discovering antiviral candidates","authors":"C. Wang, Zhiying Yang, X. Chai, Yuefei Wang, Weili Wang, M. Zhang","doi":"10.1097/HM9.0000000000000048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/HM9.0000000000000048","url":null,"abstract":"Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) remains rampant worldwide and poses a serious threat to human health. Tea is a medicinal and edible homologous plant that exhibits potential anti-SARS-CoV-2 properties via the prevention of virus entry into host cells, inhibition of virus replication, and enhancement of the innate and cellular immune responses. In this review, the properties of six major types of tea were systematically summarized, including green tea, yellow tea, white tea, oolong tea, black tea, and dark tea. We focused on the primary components of tea exhibiting antiviral activities, which included (–)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate, (–)-gallocatechin gallate, tannic acid, oolonghomobisflavan A, theaflavins, and white-tip silver needle flavonoids. Among them, (–)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate is proposed to be an antiviral compound that interferes with the entire life cycle of SARS-CoV-2 by balancing inflammation and immunity. Thus, this compound can serve as a promising lead structure for the development of SARS-CoV-2 inhibitors. Graphical abstract: http://links.lww.com/AHM/A39.","PeriodicalId":93856,"journal":{"name":"Acupuncture and herbal medicine","volume":"7 1","pages":"211 - 220"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79195803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-04DOI: 10.1097/HM9.0000000000000047
N. Meng, Yun Lyu, Xiaoyu Zhang, X. Chai, Kefeng Li, Yuefei Wang
With its long-term empirical clinical practice and increasing number of health benefits reported, Chinese Materia Medica (CMM) is gaining increasing global acceptance. Importantly, the identification of chemical constituents in vitro and exposed forms in vivo is a prerequisite for understanding how CMM formulae prevent and treat diseases. This review systematically summarizes the exciting and magical journey of CMM components from compound formulae to where they fight, the possible structural transformation of CMM components in vitro and in vivo, and their pharmacological contribution. When a decoction is prepared, significant chemical reactions are observed, including degradation and production of polymers and self-assembling supramolecules, leading to the construction of a component library with diverse decoction structures. After ingestion, compounds pass through the intestinal and blood-brain barriers and undergo a more wonderful journey involving the gut microbiota, microbial enzymes, and endogenous drug-metabolizing enzymes (mainly liver enzymes). At this stage, they are modified and assembled into novel and complex compounds, such as newly generated metabolites, conjugates, and self-assembling superamolecules. This review might provide a strategic orientation to explore the active compounds of CMM formulae in vivo.
{"title":"The exciting and magical journey of components from compound formulae to where they fight","authors":"N. Meng, Yun Lyu, Xiaoyu Zhang, X. Chai, Kefeng Li, Yuefei Wang","doi":"10.1097/HM9.0000000000000047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/HM9.0000000000000047","url":null,"abstract":"With its long-term empirical clinical practice and increasing number of health benefits reported, Chinese Materia Medica (CMM) is gaining increasing global acceptance. Importantly, the identification of chemical constituents in vitro and exposed forms in vivo is a prerequisite for understanding how CMM formulae prevent and treat diseases. This review systematically summarizes the exciting and magical journey of CMM components from compound formulae to where they fight, the possible structural transformation of CMM components in vitro and in vivo, and their pharmacological contribution. When a decoction is prepared, significant chemical reactions are observed, including degradation and production of polymers and self-assembling supramolecules, leading to the construction of a component library with diverse decoction structures. After ingestion, compounds pass through the intestinal and blood-brain barriers and undergo a more wonderful journey involving the gut microbiota, microbial enzymes, and endogenous drug-metabolizing enzymes (mainly liver enzymes). At this stage, they are modified and assembled into novel and complex compounds, such as newly generated metabolites, conjugates, and self-assembling superamolecules. This review might provide a strategic orientation to explore the active compounds of CMM formulae in vivo.","PeriodicalId":93856,"journal":{"name":"Acupuncture and herbal medicine","volume":"10 1","pages":"240 - 252"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84233582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: The surgical treatment of myocardial infarction often causes myocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury (MI/RI). Danhong injection (DHI) has curative effects on coronary heart disease and angina pectoris. However, its therapeutic effects on MI/RI still require further validation. This study aims to investigate the components involved and mechanism of action of DHI against MI/RI. Methods: Primary metabolites (PM) and secondary metabolites (SM) were isolated from DHI. We established a rat model of MI/RI by administering PM, SM, and DHI. Cardiac morphology and functional parameters were evaluated using cardiac ultrasound. The metabolic effects of PM, SM, and DHI in the serum and myocardial tissue on MI/RI were investigated using 1hydrogen-nuclear magnetic resonance. Results: Our study showed that DHI, PM, and SM could improve cardiac function by correcting the dilated cardiac structure, alleviating inflammation by downregulating complement C2 expression, reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by upregulating cyclooxygenase expression, and restoring normal energy supply by inhibiting fatty acid metabolism and stimulating glycometabolism. In addition, DHI and SM could attenuate the calcium overload and trigger an inflammatory response and oxidative stress by downregulating Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II expression. Conclusions: This study suggests that DHI and its components exerts resistance against MI/RI by ameliorating cardiac dysfunction, energy metabolism, and oxidative stress.
{"title":"Investigating the mechanism of action of Danhong injection and its components against myocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury","authors":"Peng-Zhen Lei, Charity Ngina Mwangi, Yuanlin Cao, Jingrui Chen, Yuting Huang, Yuefei Wang, Yan Zhu, Guanwei Fan, Miaomiao Jiang","doi":"10.1097/HM9.0000000000000040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/HM9.0000000000000040","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The surgical treatment of myocardial infarction often causes myocardial ischemia–reperfusion injury (MI/RI). Danhong injection (DHI) has curative effects on coronary heart disease and angina pectoris. However, its therapeutic effects on MI/RI still require further validation. This study aims to investigate the components involved and mechanism of action of DHI against MI/RI. Methods: Primary metabolites (PM) and secondary metabolites (SM) were isolated from DHI. We established a rat model of MI/RI by administering PM, SM, and DHI. Cardiac morphology and functional parameters were evaluated using cardiac ultrasound. The metabolic effects of PM, SM, and DHI in the serum and myocardial tissue on MI/RI were investigated using 1hydrogen-nuclear magnetic resonance. Results: Our study showed that DHI, PM, and SM could improve cardiac function by correcting the dilated cardiac structure, alleviating inflammation by downregulating complement C2 expression, reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by upregulating cyclooxygenase expression, and restoring normal energy supply by inhibiting fatty acid metabolism and stimulating glycometabolism. In addition, DHI and SM could attenuate the calcium overload and trigger an inflammatory response and oxidative stress by downregulating Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II expression. Conclusions: This study suggests that DHI and its components exerts resistance against MI/RI by ameliorating cardiac dysfunction, energy metabolism, and oxidative stress.","PeriodicalId":93856,"journal":{"name":"Acupuncture and herbal medicine","volume":"49 1","pages":"213 - 226"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91159784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-27DOI: 10.1097/HM9.0000000000000042
Yaqin Ling, Ling Ding, Zhi-Mou Tian, Lingpeng Pei, E. Wu
Objective: The present study aims to evaluate the in vivo efficacy of YINDARA-4 in improving the symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) in a rat model and investigate the impact of YINDARA-4 on potential targets of IBS management, such as the serotonin level in intestinal tissues and the structure and composition of the gut microbiota. Methods: We developed an IBS rat model by combining stress from maternal separation, acetic acid administration, and restraint. We administered YINDARA-4 water extract to the IBS rat model for 10 consecutive days. The fecal water content, visceral sensitivity, gut microbiota, and serotonin levels in the colonic tissue were then analyzed and compared between the control group, IBS model group, and YINDARA-4–treated groups. Results: Treatment with YINDARA-4 reversed visceral hypersensitivity in a dose-dependent manner in the experimental rat model of IBS. The relief of visceral hypersensitivity upon treatment with YINDARA-4 involved regulation of the gut microbiota structure and composition, and normalization of elevated serotonin levels in the colon. The decrease in colonic serotonin levels with YINDARA-4 treatment might be associated with a reduction in the abundance of Helicobacter and enrichment of Butyricimonas. Conclusions: Treatment with YINDARA-4 was beneficial against visceral hypersensitivity in a rat model of IBS. The improved symptoms exhibited in IBS rats were associated with favorably altered gut microbiota and normalization of serotonin levels in the colon.
{"title":"YINDARA-4 relieves visceral hypersensitivity in irritable bowel syndrome rats via regulation of gut microbiota and serotonin levels","authors":"Yaqin Ling, Ling Ding, Zhi-Mou Tian, Lingpeng Pei, E. Wu","doi":"10.1097/HM9.0000000000000042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/HM9.0000000000000042","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The present study aims to evaluate the in vivo efficacy of YINDARA-4 in improving the symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) in a rat model and investigate the impact of YINDARA-4 on potential targets of IBS management, such as the serotonin level in intestinal tissues and the structure and composition of the gut microbiota. Methods: We developed an IBS rat model by combining stress from maternal separation, acetic acid administration, and restraint. We administered YINDARA-4 water extract to the IBS rat model for 10 consecutive days. The fecal water content, visceral sensitivity, gut microbiota, and serotonin levels in the colonic tissue were then analyzed and compared between the control group, IBS model group, and YINDARA-4–treated groups. Results: Treatment with YINDARA-4 reversed visceral hypersensitivity in a dose-dependent manner in the experimental rat model of IBS. The relief of visceral hypersensitivity upon treatment with YINDARA-4 involved regulation of the gut microbiota structure and composition, and normalization of elevated serotonin levels in the colon. The decrease in colonic serotonin levels with YINDARA-4 treatment might be associated with a reduction in the abundance of Helicobacter and enrichment of Butyricimonas. Conclusions: Treatment with YINDARA-4 was beneficial against visceral hypersensitivity in a rat model of IBS. The improved symptoms exhibited in IBS rats were associated with favorably altered gut microbiota and normalization of serotonin levels in the colon.","PeriodicalId":93856,"journal":{"name":"Acupuncture and herbal medicine","volume":"93 5 1","pages":"274 - 283"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91139613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-27DOI: 10.1097/HM9.0000000000000039
Zhenzhu Zhu, Liuyue Liao, Hongzhi Qiao
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are a major threat to the elderly, and efficient therapy is rarely available. A group of phytochemicals has been shown to ameliorate NDs; however, poor stability, low bioavailability, and reduced drug accumulation in brain tissue limit their application in NDs. Therefore, a targeted drug delivery system is a feasible treatment strategy for NDs. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) possess many favorable bioactivities and are excellent carriers for targeting brain tissue. This review summarizes EVs as novel phytochemical carriers in ND therapy. First, we discuss the current challenges of ND therapy and the therapeutic effects of phytochemicals for NDs. Second, we highlight the ability of EVs to cross the blood-brain barrier and act as drug carriers to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of drugs for NDs. Finally, encapsulation strategies for phytochemicals in EVs are particularly reviewed, as they are critical for obtaining high loading efficacy and stable drug delivery systems. This review provides new insights into EV-based drug delivery systems for improving the therapeutic effect of phytochemicals for ND treatment. Therefore, the release rate and pharmacokinetics of phytochemicals should be well controlled to ensure the therapeutic efficacy of phytochemical-loaded EVs in the brain.
{"title":"Extracellular vesicle–based drug delivery system boosts phytochemicals’ therapeutic effect for neurodegenerative diseases","authors":"Zhenzhu Zhu, Liuyue Liao, Hongzhi Qiao","doi":"10.1097/HM9.0000000000000039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/HM9.0000000000000039","url":null,"abstract":"Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are a major threat to the elderly, and efficient therapy is rarely available. A group of phytochemicals has been shown to ameliorate NDs; however, poor stability, low bioavailability, and reduced drug accumulation in brain tissue limit their application in NDs. Therefore, a targeted drug delivery system is a feasible treatment strategy for NDs. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) possess many favorable bioactivities and are excellent carriers for targeting brain tissue. This review summarizes EVs as novel phytochemical carriers in ND therapy. First, we discuss the current challenges of ND therapy and the therapeutic effects of phytochemicals for NDs. Second, we highlight the ability of EVs to cross the blood-brain barrier and act as drug carriers to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of drugs for NDs. Finally, encapsulation strategies for phytochemicals in EVs are particularly reviewed, as they are critical for obtaining high loading efficacy and stable drug delivery systems. This review provides new insights into EV-based drug delivery systems for improving the therapeutic effect of phytochemicals for ND treatment. Therefore, the release rate and pharmacokinetics of phytochemicals should be well controlled to ensure the therapeutic efficacy of phytochemical-loaded EVs in the brain.","PeriodicalId":93856,"journal":{"name":"Acupuncture and herbal medicine","volume":"63 1-2 1","pages":"229 - 239"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78455435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01Epub Date: 2022-12-08DOI: 10.1097/HM9.0000000000000043
Qingyong Zheng, Ya Gao, Lu Xiong, Hengyi Huang, Junfen Li, Guoyuan OuYang, Wulayin Saimire, Jingjing Yang, Yu Zhang, Xiaopeng Wang, Xiaofeng Luo
To systematically review the clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) for the treatment of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) using Chinese herbal medicine (CHM), assess the methodological quality as well as clinical credibility and implementability of specific recommendations, and summarize key recommendations.
Methods: As of April 2022, we conducted a comprehensive search on major electronic databases, guideline websites, academic society websites, and government websites to assess the methodological quality and clinical applicability of the included CPGs using the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation (AGREE) II tool and Evaluation-Recommendations EXcellence (AGREE-REX) instructions, respectively.
Results: The search yielded 61 CPGs, which were mostly published in 2020; moreover, 98.4% of the CPGs were published in China. Only five CPGs achieved a high-quality AGREE II rating; further, six CPGs could be directly recommended, with most of the CPGs still showing much room for improvement. CPGs had a low overall score in the AGREE-REX evaluation, with the domains of clinical applicability, values and preferences, and implementability being standardized in 21.80% ± 12.56%, 16.00% ± 11.81%, and 31.33% ± 14.55% of the CPGs, respectively. Five high-quality CPGs mentioned 56 Chinese herbal formulas. Half of the recommendations had moderate or strong evidence level in the GRADE evaluation. The most frequently recommended herbal medicines were Lianhua Qingwen granule/capsule and Jinhua Qinggan granule; however, the strength of recommendation for each prescription varied across CPGs and populations.
Conclusions: The overall quality of current CPGs for COVID-19 for CHM still needs to be improved; moreover, the strength of the evidence remains to be standardized across CPGs.
{"title":"Chinese herbal medicine and COVID-19: quality evaluation of clinical guidelines and expert consensus and analysis of key recommendations.","authors":"Qingyong Zheng, Ya Gao, Lu Xiong, Hengyi Huang, Junfen Li, Guoyuan OuYang, Wulayin Saimire, Jingjing Yang, Yu Zhang, Xiaopeng Wang, Xiaofeng Luo","doi":"10.1097/HM9.0000000000000043","DOIUrl":"10.1097/HM9.0000000000000043","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To systematically review the clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) for the treatment of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) using Chinese herbal medicine (CHM), assess the methodological quality as well as clinical credibility and implementability of specific recommendations, and summarize key recommendations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>As of April 2022, we conducted a comprehensive search on major electronic databases, guideline websites, academic society websites, and government websites to assess the methodological quality and clinical applicability of the included CPGs using the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation (AGREE) II tool and Evaluation-Recommendations EXcellence (AGREE-REX) instructions, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The search yielded 61 CPGs, which were mostly published in 2020; moreover, 98.4% of the CPGs were published in China. Only five CPGs achieved a high-quality AGREE II rating; further, six CPGs could be directly recommended, with most of the CPGs still showing much room for improvement. CPGs had a low overall score in the AGREE-REX evaluation, with the domains of clinical applicability, values and preferences, and implementability being standardized in 21.80% ± 12.56%, 16.00% ± 11.81%, and 31.33% ± 14.55% of the CPGs, respectively. Five high-quality CPGs mentioned 56 Chinese herbal formulas. Half of the recommendations had moderate or strong evidence level in the GRADE evaluation. The most frequently recommended herbal medicines were Lianhua Qingwen granule/capsule and Jinhua Qinggan granule; however, the strength of recommendation for each prescription varied across CPGs and populations.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The overall quality of current CPGs for COVID-19 for CHM still needs to be improved; moreover, the strength of the evidence remains to be standardized across CPGs.</p><p><strong>Graphical abstract: </strong>http://links.lww.com/AHM/A34.</p>","PeriodicalId":93856,"journal":{"name":"Acupuncture and herbal medicine","volume":"2 3","pages":"152-161"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/d2/4c/hm9-2-152.PMC9746251.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41155007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：