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[Interference of oral anti-Xa anticoagulants during monitoring of unfractionated heparin treatments: practical and future attitudes]. [口服抗 Xa 抗凝剂在监测非分数肝素治疗过程中的干扰:现实与未来的态度]。
Pub Date : 2024-06-05 DOI: 10.1684/abc.2024.1873
Sophie Melicine, Laure Maucorps, Valérie Eschwège, Julie Carré, Dominique Helley, Isabelle Gouin-Thibault, Nicolas Gendron, Fabienne Nédélec-Gac, Laetitia Mauge

Contrary to direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC), unfractionated heparin (UFH) requires daily monitoring when administered at therapeutic dose. At present, UFH monitoring is preferably carried out by measuring plasma anti-Xa activity, however, in patients previously treated with an anti-Xa DOAC and switched to UFH, there is a high risk of DOAC interfering with the measurement of UFH anti-Xa activity. Residual anti-Xa DOAC in the sample can lead to an overestimation of the anticoagulant activity attributed to heparin and thus to incorrect anticoagulation. This risk of interference should not be overlooked because interference may occur even at concentration of DOAC below the hemostatic safety threshold and can last several days. To overcome this issue, several alternatives are being studied. This note provides an update on anti-Xa DOAC interference and different strategies available in current practice. It also underlines the importance of communication between biologists and clinicians on anticoagulant treatments received by patients.

与直接口服抗凝血剂(DOAC)相反,如果按治疗剂量给药,则需要每天对未分离肝素(UFH)进行监测。目前,UFH 监测最好是通过测量血浆抗 Xa 活性来进行,但是,对于之前接受过抗 Xa DOAC 治疗而转用 UFH 的患者,DOAC 很有可能干扰 UFH 抗 Xa 活性的测量。样本中残留的抗 Xa DOAC 会导致高估肝素的抗凝活性,从而导致错误的抗凝治疗。这种干扰风险不容忽视,因为即使 DOAC 的浓度低于止血安全阈值,干扰也可能发生,并可持续数天。为了解决这一问题,目前正在研究几种替代方案。本说明介绍了抗 Xa DOAC 干扰的最新情况以及当前实践中可用的不同策略。它还强调了生物学家与临床医生就患者接受的抗凝治疗进行沟通的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
[Evaluation of an algorithm based on quantitative assays of glomerular parameters (albuminuria and urinary IgG) for proteinuria typing]. [基于肾小球参数(白蛋白尿和尿 IgG)定量检测的蛋白尿分型算法评估]。
Pub Date : 2024-06-05 DOI: 10.1684/abc.2024.1887
Ihsane Benlyamani, Nathalie Rousseau, Christine Lombard, Emmanuel Villar, Matthieu Pecquet

The first orientation test for proteinuria typing is electrophoresis. However, this technique has several drawbacks, such as delayed turnaround time and subjective readings. Some laboratories therefore use quantitative assays of glomerular markers combined with tubular markers. However, the cost of reagents and the instability of certain markers are significant drawbacks for some peripheral laboratories. The aim of this study is to evaluate the implementation of an algorithm based on parameters that can be used by all laboratories for proteinuria typing within a timeframe compatible with the urgency of the situation. Albuminuria and urinary IgG were determined on 161 urines. ROC curves were produced, using urine electrophoresis read by an expert center as the reference method. The decision thresholds used are: glomerular proteinuria is defined by a Albumin+IgGproteinsratio greater than 75.4% (100% specificity), and tubular or overload proteinuria is defined by by a Albuminproteinsratio less than 37.3% (100% sensitivity). Agreement between the results of the algorithm selected and the reference method used in our study was 88 %, with a kappa value of 0.807 (95% CI [0.729 to 0.885]). The algorithm's performance suggests that it can find its place in the diagnostic strategy for clinically significant proteinuria, despite its limited indications. It is up to each biologist to assess the value of this algorithm in relation to the recruitment, habits and needs of clinicians.

蛋白尿分型的第一种定向检测方法是电泳。然而,这种技术有几个缺点,如周转时间延迟和读数主观。因此,一些实验室采用肾小球标记物与肾小管标记物相结合的定量检测方法。然而,试剂的成本和某些标记物的不稳定性是一些外围实验室的重大缺陷。本研究的目的是评估一种基于参数的算法的实施情况,这种算法可在符合紧急状况的时限内被所有实验室用于蛋白尿分型。对 161 份尿液进行了白蛋白尿和尿 IgG 检测。以专家中心读取的尿电泳结果为参照方法,绘制了 ROC 曲线。使用的判定阈值是:肾小球性蛋白尿的定义是白蛋白+IgG 蛋白比率大于 75.4%(特异性 100%),肾小管性或超负荷蛋白尿的定义是白蛋白比率小于 37.3%(灵敏度 100%)。所选算法的结果与我们研究中使用的参考方法之间的一致性为 88%,卡帕值为 0.807(95% CI [0.729 至 0.885])。该算法的表现表明,尽管其适应症有限,但仍可在临床重大蛋白尿的诊断策略中占有一席之地。应由每位生物学家根据临床医生的招聘、习惯和需求来评估该算法的价值。
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引用次数: 0
[Artificial intelligence: to a better predictive strategy for testicular sperm extraction outcome in azoospermia]. [人工智能:为无精症患者的睾丸取精结果提供更好的预测策略]。
Pub Date : 2024-06-05 DOI: 10.1684/abc.2024.1882
Guillaume Bachelot, Anna Ly, Diane Rivet-Danon, Nathalie Sermondade, Valentine Frydman, Antonin Lamazière, Rahaf Haj Hamid, Rachel Levy, Charlotte Dupont

Azoospermia, defined as the absence of sperm in the semen, is found in 10-15 % of infertile patients. Two-thirds of these cases are caused by impaired spermatogenesis, known as non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA). In this context, surgical sperm extraction using testicular sperm extraction (TESE) is the best option and can be offered to patients as part of fertility preservation, or to benefit from in vitro fertilization. The aim of the preoperative assessment is to identify the cause of NOA and evaluate the status of spermatogenesis. Its capacity to predict TESE success remains limited. As a result, no objective and reliable criteria are currently available to guide professionals on the chances of success and enable them to correctly assess the benefit-risk balance of this procedure. Artificial intelligence (AI), a field of research that has been rapidly expanding in recent years, has the potential to revolutionize medicine by making it more predictive and personalized. The aim of this review is to introduce AI and its key concepts, and then to examine the current state of research into predicting the success of TESE.

无精子症是指精液中没有精子,在不育患者中占 10-15% 的比例。其中三分之二的病例是由精子生成障碍引起的,即非梗阻性无精子症(NOA)。在这种情况下,使用睾丸取精术(TESE)进行手术取精是最好的选择,患者可将其作为生育力保存的一部分,或从体外受精中获益。术前评估的目的是确定无精子症的原因并评估精子发生的状况。但其预测 TESE 成功率的能力仍然有限。因此,目前还没有客观可靠的标准来指导专业人员确定成功的几率,并使他们能够正确评估该手术的效益与风险平衡。人工智能(AI)是近年来迅速发展起来的一个研究领域,它有可能使医学更具预测性和个性化,从而彻底改变医学。本综述旨在介绍人工智能及其关键概念,然后探讨预测 TESE 成功率的研究现状。
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引用次数: 0
LncRNA RP11-773H22.4 is upregulated in severe pneumonia and may be a diagnostic and prognostic marker for severe pneumonia. LncRNA RP11-773H22.4 在重症肺炎中上调,可能是重症肺炎的诊断和预后标志物。
Pub Date : 2024-06-05 DOI: 10.1684/abc.2024.1886
Yan Cao, Feiyan Wang

The incidence of pneumonia has become increasingly prevalent, and its severity has been continuously escalating, bringing significant damage and stress to people's lives. The regulatory role of RP11-773H22.4 in the onset and development of severe pneumonia is emerging as an important factor, however, the exact mechanisms controlling its effects have not been fully elucidated. ROC curve and Kaplan-Meier curve were employed to assess the diagnostic and prognostic significance of RP11-773H22.4 in severe pneumonia. qRT-PCR was employed to assess the RP11-773H22.4 and miR-1287-5p expression. The CCK-8 was employed to assess cell viability. The rate of apoptosis was measured utilizing flow cytometric. The concentration of inflammatory factors was detected by ELISA kit. The interaction between RP11-773H22.4 and miR-1287-5p was verified by dual luciferase reporter gene assay. In individuals afflicted with severe pneumonia, there was an observed up-regulation in RP11-773H22.4 expression and a corresponding decline in miR-1287-5p expression. RP11-773H22.4 demonstrated diagnostic and prognostic significance for severe pneumonia. RP11-773H22.4 augmented the viability of MRC-5 cells with LPS treatment by modulating miR-1287-5p, leading to a reduction in apoptosis and lower levels of inflammatory cytokines. RP11-773H22.4 was highly expressed in severe pneumonia and may serve as a diagnostic and prognostic marker for severe pneumonia. miR-1287-5p was downregulated in severe pneumonia, and RP11-773H22.4 participated in the pathogenesis of severe pneumonia by regulating the expression of miR-1287-5p.

肺炎的发病率越来越高,其严重程度也不断升级,给人们的生活带来了巨大的伤害和压力。RP11-773H22.4在重症肺炎发病和发展过程中的调控作用正逐渐成为一个重要因素,但其确切的作用机制尚未完全阐明。研究采用 ROC 曲线和 Kaplan-Meier 曲线评估 RP11-773H22.4 在重症肺炎中的诊断和预后意义。采用 CCK-8 评估细胞活力。利用流式细胞仪测量细胞凋亡率。用 ELISA 试剂盒检测炎症因子的浓度。RP11-773H22.4和miR-1287-5p之间的相互作用通过双荧光素酶报告基因测定得到了验证。在重症肺炎患者中,观察到 RP11-773H22.4 表达上调,miR-1287-5p 表达相应下降。RP11-773H22.4 对重症肺炎具有诊断和预后意义。通过调节 miR-1287-5p,RP11-773H22.4 提高了经 LPS 处理的 MRC-5 细胞的活力,导致细胞凋亡减少和炎症细胞因子水平降低。RP11-773H22.4在重症肺炎中高表达,可作为重症肺炎的诊断和预后标志物;miR-1287-5p在重症肺炎中下调,RP11-773H22.4通过调节miR-1287-5p的表达参与了重症肺炎的发病机制。
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引用次数: 0
[Toxicology of synthetic cannabinoids]. [合成大麻素的毒理学]。
Pub Date : 2024-06-05 DOI: 10.1684/abc.2024.1888
Youssef Mouraouakkil, Radia Mounir, Mina Ait El Cadi, Jamal Lamsaouri, Yassir Bousliman, Rachid ElJaoudi

Synthetic cannabinoids (CS), or synthetic endocannabinoid receptor agonists, were initially synthesized for basic research into exocannabinoid signaling pathways, as well as in clinical research for their analgesic properties. The use of CS for recreational purposes is a recent phenomenon, but one that has grown very quickly in recent years, since these molecules now represent the main category of new synthetic products (NPS). This literature review aims to bring together current data regarding the use and effects caused by CS in humans. The relationship between the structure and activity of these CSs, the pharmacology and adverse effects of these CSs and finally the different methods of analyzing CSs. A better understanding of this phenomenon is essential to raise awareness among stakeholders in the health field.

合成大麻素(CS)或合成内源性大麻素受体激动剂最初是为了对外源大麻素信号通路进行基础研究而合成的,在临床研究中也是为了获得其镇痛特性。将 CS 用于娱乐目的是最近才出现的现象,但近年来发展非常迅速,因为这些分子现已成为新合成产品(NPS)的主要类别。本文献综述旨在汇集有关 CS 的使用及其对人体影响的最新数据。这些 CS 的结构和活性之间的关系、这些 CS 的药理学和不良反应,以及分析 CS 的不同方法。更好地了解这一现象对于提高健康领域利益相关者的认识至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
[Professor Philippe Gillery honoured at WorldLab Dubai (UAE) with the IFCC Howard Morris 2024 Prize]. [Philippe Gillery 教授在迪拜世界实验室(阿联酋)荣获 IFCC 霍华德-莫里斯 2024 奖]。
Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.1684/abc.2024.1894
Bernard Gouget, Katell Peoc'h
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引用次数: 0
[Dr David Barthelemy, winner of the IFCC Gérard Siest Prize awarded at the WorldLab Congress, Dubai 2024]. [David Barthelemy 博士,在 2024 年迪拜世界实验室大会上荣获国际化学理事会热拉尔-西斯特奖]。
Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.1684/abc.2024.1901
Bernard Gouget, Delphine Collin-Chavagnac, Katell Peoc'h
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引用次数: 0
[Evaluation of a new portable analyzer, HemoCue® Hb801, for hemoglobin point-of-care testing]. [评估用于血红蛋白床旁检测的新型便携式分析仪 HemoCue® Hb801]。
Pub Date : 2024-04-19 DOI: 10.1684/abc.2024.1868
Bryan Zamorano, Yolla Sakr, Frédérique Galopin-Dubois

The use of portable hemoglobin measuring devices is widespread. In this context, the company HemoCue® has put on the market a new device, the Hb801. It uses a whole blood absorbance measurement method and not the azidmethemoglobin measurement method used by HemoCue's older devices. We evaluated this new equipment on EDTA venous blood. Hb801 is lightweight, compact, requires a volume of 10 μL of blood and renders its result in less than a second. The repeatability and intermediate precision are close to the values expected according to Ricos, with coefficients of variation respectively for a low level of hemoglobin: 2.1% and 1.9%, for an average level: 0.8% and 1.5% and for a high level: 1.5% and 1.3%. Comparison to our laboratory reference method (XN-10 Sysmex®) and HemoCue® Hb201+ was performed on 96 samples. Bias (SD) found were: XN-10: +0.42 g/dL (0.17), HemoCue® Hb201+: +0.17 g/dL (0.41). Clinically acceptable performance (within ± 1 g/dL of reference hemoglobin) was high: 93.8%. In the end, this device seems to us to be suitable for hemoglobin point-of-care testing.

便携式血红蛋白测量仪的使用非常普遍。在这种情况下,HemoCue® 公司向市场推出了一款新设备 Hb801。它采用的是全血吸光度测量方法,而不是 HemoCue 旧设备使用的叠氮血红蛋白测量方法。我们对这种新设备进行了 EDTA 静脉血评估。Hb801 重量轻,结构紧凑,只需 10 μL 的血量,并能在一秒钟内得出结果。重复性和中间精度接近 Ricos 的预期值,低水平血红蛋白的变异系数分别为 2.1% 和 1.9%,平均水平为 0.8% 和 1.5%,高水平为 1.5% 和 1.3%。对 96 份样本进行了与实验室参考方法(XN-10 Sysmex®)和 HemoCue® Hb201+ 的比较。发现的偏差(SD)如下XN-10: +0.42 g/dL (0.17), HemoCue® Hb201+:+0.17 g/dL (0.41)。临床可接受的性能(参考血红蛋白在 ± 1 g/dL 以内)高达 93.8%。最后,我们认为该设备适用于血红蛋白的床旁检测。
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引用次数: 0
Programmed cell death in autoimmune diseases: ferroptosis. 自身免疫性疾病中的程序性细胞死亡:铁变态反应。
Pub Date : 2024-04-19 DOI: 10.1684/abc.2024.1866
Jiantao Sun, Lujuan Huang, Jiawei Wang, Yelang Hu, Wenmin Wang, Haihong Zhu

Ferroptosis is an iron dependent cell death driven by lipid peroxidation. Over the past decade, increasing evidence has confirmed that ferroptosis plays an irreplaceable role in the occurrence and development of many diseases, including various cancers, neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases and autoimmune diseases. Autoimmune disease is an inflammatory disease characterized by the breakdown of immune tolerance. Nowadays, accumulating evidence indicates that ferroptosis is closely related to the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. Therefore, this review briefly introduced the mechanism of ferroptosis, and focused on the related research of ferroptosis in multiple autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), multiple sclerosis (MS), ankylosing spondylitis (AS). In addition, we also presented the idea of targeting ferroptosis as a potential therapeutic target for patients with autoimmune diseases, which may provide a direction for the development of new therapeutic strategies.

铁中毒是一种由脂质过氧化驱动的铁依赖性细胞死亡。在过去十年中,越来越多的证据证实,铁变态反应在许多疾病的发生和发展中起着不可替代的作用,包括各种癌症、神经退行性疾病、心血管疾病和自身免疫性疾病。自身免疫性疾病是一种以免疫耐受破坏为特征的炎症性疾病。目前,越来越多的证据表明,铁蛋白沉积与自身免疫性疾病的发病机制密切相关。因此,这篇综述简要介绍了铁蛋白沉积的机制,并重点探讨了铁蛋白沉积在系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)、类风湿性关节炎(RA)、多发性硬化症(MS)、强直性脊柱炎(AS)等多种自身免疫性疾病中的相关研究。此外,我们还提出了针对自身免疫性疾病患者的潜在治疗靶点--铁蛋白沉积的观点,这可能为开发新的治疗策略提供了一个方向。
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引用次数: 0
[2024, a year of openness]. [2024 年,开放之年]。
Pub Date : 2024-04-19 DOI: 10.1684/abc.2024.1872
Katell Peoc'h
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Annales de biologie clinique
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