Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVD), such as obesity, dyslipidemia, high blood pressure, and high blood glucose; it increases morbidity and mortality of CVD. MetS affects both adults and youths, leading to an impaired quality of life and a lowering of life expectancy. This study aimed to assess various aspects of metabolic syndrome, in undergraduate students at the University of Dschang. A questionnaire was distributed to 307 students of both sex; 203 meeting inclusion criteria were selected for anthropometric and blood pressure measurements followed by blood sample collection, for the dosage of biochemical markers (blood glucose, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglyceridemia, and C-reactive protein). Results indicate that the prevalence of metabolic syndrome within the study population was 11.33 %. It has a significant predominance among obese and overweight patients (P˂0.05), compared to normal ones. Elevated blood pressure (OR= 23.4) and low HDL cholesterol levels (OR= 20.4) appeared to be the most determinant components of metabolic syndrome in the study population. We found an increase of metabolic syndrome prevalence with frequent consumption (3 to 4 times per week) of ‘‘Koki’’ (P=0.023), ‘‘Achu’’ (P=0.01), ‘’Corn couscous’’ (P=0.012), Salads (P=0.031), ‘‘Ndole’’ (P=0.039) and pork (P=0.04). On the contrary, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome decreases significantly, with frequent consumption of green vegetables (P=0.016). Metabolic syndrome is present in undergraduate students of the University of Dschang, as a consequence of excess fat storage. Its main features are elevated blood pressure and low HDL-cholesterol level.Keywords: Obesity; Metabolic syndrome; cardiovascular risk factor; students; University of Dschang
{"title":"Evaluation of metabolic syndrome in undergraduate students at the University of Dschang","authors":"Dabou Solange, T. P. Bruno, Sama Leonard Fonkeng","doi":"10.4314/cajeb.v11i1.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/cajeb.v11i1.7","url":null,"abstract":"Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVD), such as obesity, dyslipidemia, high blood pressure, and high blood glucose; it increases morbidity and mortality of CVD. MetS affects both adults and youths, leading to an impaired quality of life and a lowering of life expectancy. This study aimed to assess various aspects of metabolic syndrome, in undergraduate students at the University of Dschang. A questionnaire was distributed to 307 students of both sex; 203 meeting inclusion criteria were selected for anthropometric and blood pressure measurements followed by blood sample collection, for the dosage of biochemical markers (blood glucose, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglyceridemia, and C-reactive protein). Results indicate that the prevalence of metabolic syndrome within the study population was 11.33 %. It has a significant predominance among obese and overweight patients (P˂0.05), compared to normal ones. Elevated blood pressure (OR= 23.4) and low HDL cholesterol levels (OR= 20.4) appeared to be the most determinant components of metabolic syndrome in the study population. We found an increase of metabolic syndrome prevalence with frequent consumption (3 to 4 times per week) of ‘‘Koki’’ (P=0.023), ‘‘Achu’’ (P=0.01), ‘’Corn couscous’’ (P=0.012), Salads (P=0.031), ‘‘Ndole’’ (P=0.039) and pork (P=0.04). On the contrary, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome decreases significantly, with frequent consumption of green vegetables (P=0.016). Metabolic syndrome is present in undergraduate students of the University of Dschang, as a consequence of excess fat storage. Its main features are elevated blood pressure and low HDL-cholesterol level.Keywords: Obesity; Metabolic syndrome; cardiovascular risk factor; students; University of Dschang","PeriodicalId":9401,"journal":{"name":"Cameroon Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":"11949 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82246587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. D. Mabou, J. Tamokou, D. Ngnokam, L. Voutquenne-Nazabadioko
Morbidity and mortality due to diarrhoea continues to be a major problem in many developing countries. The most common microorganisms responsible for diarrhoeal diseases are Vibrio cholerae , Escherichia coli and Shigella spp. The present study aims to evaluate the antibacterial and antioxidant activities of extracts and compounds from the leaves of Clerodendrum buchholzii , a plant traditionally used in the African pharmacopeia for the treatment of furunculosis, echymosis and gastritis. The dried leaves were macerated in methanol (MeOH) to afford the crude extract that was extracted with ethyl acetate (EtOAc) and n -butanol ( n -BuOH) to obtain EtOAc and n -BuOH extracts, respectively. The column chromatography of EtOAc and n -BuOH extracts followed by purification of different fractions led to the isolation of four known flavonoids [acacetin 7-O-β-D-glucoside ( 1 ), kaempferol 7-O-β-D-glucoside ( 2 ), acacetin ( 3 ) and apigenin ( 4 )]. Structures of isolated compounds were assigned on the basis of spectroscopic analysis, and by comparison of our data with those of the literature. The antioxidant activity was evaluated using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and gallic acid equivalent antioxidant capacity (GEAC) assays. The antibacterial activity was assessed using broth microdilution method by performing minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) against the strains of Gram-positive bacterium, Staphylococcus aureus (a major cause of community and hospital-associated infection), and Gram-negative multi-drug resistant bacteria, Vibrio cholerae (causative agent of cholera) and Shigella flexneri (causative agent of shigellosis). All of the extracts showed different degrees of antioxidant and antibacterial activities. Apigenin ( 4 ) obtained from EtOAc extract displayed the largest antibacterial and antioxidant properties which were in some cases equal or higher than those of reference drugs. Our results showed that C. buchholzii has potentials as a natural source of anti-diarrhoeal and free radical scavenging products, and could be given further investigations. Keywords: Clerodendrum buchhlzii , Verbenaceae, Flavonoids, Antibacterial, Antioxidant
腹泻引起的发病率和死亡率仍然是许多发展中国家的一个主要问题。腹泻病最常见的病原微生物是霍乱弧菌、大肠杆菌和志贺氏菌。本研究旨在评价毛竹叶提取物和化合物的抗菌和抗氧化活性，毛竹叶是非洲药典中传统上用于治疗真菌病、脓肿和胃炎的植物。用甲醇浸渍得到粗提物，再用乙酸乙酯(EtOAc)和正丁醇(n -BuOH)分别提取EtOAc和正丁醇提取物。对乙酸乙酯和正丁醇提取物进行柱层析，并对不同部位进行纯化，分离出四种已知的黄酮类化合物[荆芥苷7-O-β- d -葡萄糖苷(1)、山奈酚7-O-β- d -葡萄糖苷(2)、荆芥苷(3)和芹菜素(4)]。在光谱分析的基础上，并通过与文献数据的比较，确定了分离化合物的结构。采用1,1-二苯基-2-苦味酰肼(DPPH)和没食子酸当量抗氧化能力(GEAC)测定其抗氧化活性。采用微量肉汤稀释法对革兰氏阳性菌、金黄色葡萄球菌(社区和医院相关感染的主要原因)、革兰氏阴性多重耐药菌、霍乱弧菌(霍乱病原体)和福氏志贺氏菌(志贺氏菌病病原体)进行最低抑菌浓度(MIC)和最低杀菌浓度(MBC)测定，以评估其抗菌活性。各提取物均表现出不同程度的抗氧化和抗菌活性。从乙酸乙酯提取物中获得的芹菜素(4)显示出最大的抗菌和抗氧化性能，在某些情况下等于或高于参比药物。我们的研究结果表明，布氏梭菌具有作为抗腹泻和清除自由基产物的天然来源的潜力，并且可以进行进一步的研究。关键词:马鞭草，马鞭草科，黄酮类化合物，抗菌，抗氧化
{"title":"Antibacterial and antioxidant activities of extracts and some flavonoids from the leaves of Clerodendrum buchholzii Gurke (Verbenaceae)","authors":"F. D. Mabou, J. Tamokou, D. Ngnokam, L. Voutquenne-Nazabadioko","doi":"10.4314/cajeb.v11i1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/cajeb.v11i1.5","url":null,"abstract":"Morbidity and mortality due to diarrhoea continues to be a major problem in many developing countries. The most common microorganisms responsible for diarrhoeal diseases are Vibrio cholerae , Escherichia coli and Shigella spp. The present study aims to evaluate the antibacterial and antioxidant activities of extracts and compounds from the leaves of Clerodendrum buchholzii , a plant traditionally used in the African pharmacopeia for the treatment of furunculosis, echymosis and gastritis. The dried leaves were macerated in methanol (MeOH) to afford the crude extract that was extracted with ethyl acetate (EtOAc) and n -butanol ( n -BuOH) to obtain EtOAc and n -BuOH extracts, respectively. The column chromatography of EtOAc and n -BuOH extracts followed by purification of different fractions led to the isolation of four known flavonoids [acacetin 7-O-β-D-glucoside ( 1 ), kaempferol 7-O-β-D-glucoside ( 2 ), acacetin ( 3 ) and apigenin ( 4 )]. Structures of isolated compounds were assigned on the basis of spectroscopic analysis, and by comparison of our data with those of the literature. The antioxidant activity was evaluated using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and gallic acid equivalent antioxidant capacity (GEAC) assays. The antibacterial activity was assessed using broth microdilution method by performing minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) against the strains of Gram-positive bacterium, Staphylococcus aureus (a major cause of community and hospital-associated infection), and Gram-negative multi-drug resistant bacteria, Vibrio cholerae (causative agent of cholera) and Shigella flexneri (causative agent of shigellosis). All of the extracts showed different degrees of antioxidant and antibacterial activities. Apigenin ( 4 ) obtained from EtOAc extract displayed the largest antibacterial and antioxidant properties which were in some cases equal or higher than those of reference drugs. Our results showed that C. buchholzii has potentials as a natural source of anti-diarrhoeal and free radical scavenging products, and could be given further investigations. Keywords: Clerodendrum buchhlzii , Verbenaceae, Flavonoids, Antibacterial, Antioxidant","PeriodicalId":9401,"journal":{"name":"Cameroon Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90693019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alex Bruno Etchike Dong, P. Mapongmetsem, M. Ngassoum
Systeme de production traditionnel, les agroforets rythment particulierement les paysages ruraux de l’ecotone du Mbam et Inoubou dans la region du Centre Cameroun. Malgre la plethore des travaux menes sur les agroforets du Centre et du Sud Cameroun, peu se sont vraiment interesses a sa contribution dans la lutte contre les changements climatiques. Ce travail a pour objectif de demontrer l’efficacite notable de ces agroforets dans la securite alimentaire des menages, la conservation de la biodiversite et dans l’attenuation du rechauffement climatique. Pour ce faire une analyse participative a ete realisee avec 56 exploitants repartis dans cinq villages. Des inventaires botaniques ont ete realises dans chacune de ces 56 agroforets. Les donnees recueillies ont fait l’objet d’analyses diverses (calcul des indices ecologiques, de diversite et la biomasse, tests statistiques). Les cultures les plus frequentes dans ces agroforets sont le mais avec l’espece Zea mays (89 %), le haricot (78 %) qui regroupe les especes Phaseolus vulgaris et Glycine max. La cacaoculture est la plus repandue des cultures de rente. L’inventaire ressort 21 especes fruitieres reparties dans 16 genres et 16 familles, 41 especes locales reparties en 37 genres et 21 familles. La richesse specifique des fruitiers est globalement evaluee a 21 especes contre une richesse specifique d’especes locales de 41 especes. Le palmier a huile (Elaeis guineensis) vient en premier rang de ces fruitiers avec 27,07% suivie de Dacryodes edulis (15,63%). Terminalia glaucescens vient au premier rang des especes locales avec un index de valeur importante (IVI) global de 150,63 suivie de Piliostigma thonningii (115,79) et de Ficus spp (112,03). Mangifera indica (829,5 t), Dacryodes edulis (438,2 t) et Ficus exasperata (239,5 t) sont les especes qui stockent le plus de carbone dans ces agroforets, ce qui temoigne de l’efficacite de ces agroforets dans la valorisation et la conservation de la phytodiversite et dans l’attenuation du rechauffement climatique pouvant etre pris en compte dans l’avancee des politiques du mecanisme REDD+.Mots cles: Agroforets, Centre Cameroun, phytodiversite, Indice ecologique, stock de carbone, attenuation, REDD+English AbstractTraditional production system, agroforests particularly characterizes rural landscapes of the Mbam and Inoubou ecotone in the Central region of Cameroon. Despite the plethora of works carried out in the Central and south Cameroon agroforests, few authors were really interested in their contribution on the fight against climate change. This work is designed to demonstrate significant efficiency of these agroforests in the food security of households, the conservation of biodiversity and mitigation of global warming. To do this, a participatory analysis was conducted with 56 exploiters across five villages. Botanical inventories were carried out in each of the 56 agroforests. The data collected were submitted to various analyses (calculation of ecological
作为一种传统的生产系统，农林对喀麦隆中部地区Mbam和Inoubou ecotone的乡村景观有着特殊的影响。尽管美尼斯对喀麦隆中部和南部的农林进行了大量的研究，但很少有人真正关心它对应对气候变化的贡献。这项工作的目的是证明这些农林在家庭粮食安全、保护生物多样性和减缓全球变暖方面的显著有效性。为此，我们对分布在5个村庄的56名农民进行了参与式分析。对这56个农林进行了植物清查。对收集的数据进行了各种分析(计算生态指数、多样性和生物量、统计检验)。这些农林中最常见的作物是玉米(89%)和豆类(78%)，其中包括菜豆和甘氨酸max。可可种植是最广泛的经济作物。调查结果显示，21种水果品种分为16属16科，41种本地品种分为37属21科。在全球范围内，果树的特定丰富度被评估为21个品种，而本地品种的特定丰富度为41个品种。油棕(Elaeis guineensis)以27.07%的比例位居榜首，其次是Dacryodes edulis(15.63%)。glaucescens Terminalia glaucescens在本地物种中排名第一，全球重要价值指数(IVI)为150.63，其次是Piliostigma thonningii(115,79)和Ficus spp(112,03)。籼稻(829吨Dacryodes edulis)、(Mangifera 438.2 t (t)和榕exasperata和裁减)的碳储存的越冬场最为这些agroforets temoigne,这其中公费agroforets中回收和养护phytodiversite并在缓解气候的国家!可计入l’avancee REDD +机制的政策。关键词:农林，喀麦隆中心，植物多样性，生态指数，碳储量，衰减，REDD+英语抽象传统生产系统，喀麦隆中部Mbam和Inoubou ecotone农林特色农村景观。尽管在喀麦隆中部和南部农用林业开展了大量工作，但很少有作者真正关心他们对应对气候变化的贡献。这项工作旨在证明这些农林复合系统在家庭粮食安全、生物多样性保护和减缓全球变暖方面的显著效率。为此，对五个村庄的56名经营者进行了参与性分析。= =地理= =根据美国人口普查局的数据，该县总面积为，其中土地和(1.0%)水。收集的数据进行了各种分析(计算生态指数、多样性指数和生物量、统计检验)。在这些农林中最常见的作物是玉米(89%)、大豆(78%)，其中包括菜豆(Phaseolus vulgaris)和甘氨酸max。可可是最广泛的现金作物。= =地理= =根据美国人口普查局的数据，这个城镇的总面积，其中土地和(1.)水。= =地理= =根据美国人口普查局的数据，这个城镇的总面积，其中土地和(1.)水。棕榈油(Elaeis guineensis)在这些果树中排名第一，其次是Dacryodes edulis(15.63%)。在当地物种中，青花Terminalia glaucescens以150.63的整体重要值指数(IVI)排名第一，其次是Piliostigma thonningii(115.79)和Ficus spp.(112.03)。籼稻(Mangifera 829.5 (t)、Dacryodes edulis 438.2 t) and(榕exasperata 239.5) in these are the品种with more的碳存量agroforests, which testifies of these in估值agroforests养护成效of the phytodiversity and in the缓解全球变暖的that may be》中一首《圣母REDD +促进会和政策机制。关键词:农林，喀麦隆中部，植物多样性，生态指数，碳储量，缓解，REDD +
{"title":"Phytodiversité et stock de carbone dans les agroforêts de l’écotone du Mbam et Inoubou au Cameroun","authors":"Alex Bruno Etchike Dong, P. Mapongmetsem, M. Ngassoum","doi":"10.4314/cajeb.v11i1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/cajeb.v11i1.2","url":null,"abstract":"Systeme de production traditionnel, les agroforets rythment particulierement les paysages ruraux de l’ecotone du Mbam et Inoubou dans la region du Centre Cameroun. Malgre la plethore des travaux menes sur les agroforets du Centre et du Sud Cameroun, peu se sont vraiment interesses a sa contribution dans la lutte contre les changements climatiques. Ce travail a pour objectif de demontrer l’efficacite notable de ces agroforets dans la securite alimentaire des menages, la conservation de la biodiversite et dans l’attenuation du rechauffement climatique. Pour ce faire une analyse participative a ete realisee avec 56 exploitants repartis dans cinq villages. Des inventaires botaniques ont ete realises dans chacune de ces 56 agroforets. Les donnees recueillies ont fait l’objet d’analyses diverses (calcul des indices ecologiques, de diversite et la biomasse, tests statistiques). Les cultures les plus frequentes dans ces agroforets sont le mais avec l’espece Zea mays (89 %), le haricot (78 %) qui regroupe les especes Phaseolus vulgaris et Glycine max. La cacaoculture est la plus repandue des cultures de rente. L’inventaire ressort 21 especes fruitieres reparties dans 16 genres et 16 familles, 41 especes locales reparties en 37 genres et 21 familles. La richesse specifique des fruitiers est globalement evaluee a 21 especes contre une richesse specifique d’especes locales de 41 especes. Le palmier a huile (Elaeis guineensis) vient en premier rang de ces fruitiers avec 27,07% suivie de Dacryodes edulis (15,63%). Terminalia glaucescens vient au premier rang des especes locales avec un index de valeur importante (IVI) global de 150,63 suivie de Piliostigma thonningii (115,79) et de Ficus spp (112,03). Mangifera indica (829,5 t), Dacryodes edulis (438,2 t) et Ficus exasperata (239,5 t) sont les especes qui stockent le plus de carbone dans ces agroforets, ce qui temoigne de l’efficacite de ces agroforets dans la valorisation et la conservation de la phytodiversite et dans l’attenuation du rechauffement climatique pouvant etre pris en compte dans l’avancee des politiques du mecanisme REDD+.Mots cles: Agroforets, Centre Cameroun, phytodiversite, Indice ecologique, stock de carbone, attenuation, REDD+English AbstractTraditional production system, agroforests particularly characterizes rural landscapes of the Mbam and Inoubou ecotone in the Central region of Cameroon. Despite the plethora of works carried out in the Central and south Cameroon agroforests, few authors were really interested in their contribution on the fight against climate change. This work is designed to demonstrate significant efficiency of these agroforests in the food security of households, the conservation of biodiversity and mitigation of global warming. To do this, a participatory analysis was conducted with 56 exploiters across five villages. Botanical inventories were carried out in each of the 56 agroforests. The data collected were submitted to various analyses (calculation of ecological","PeriodicalId":9401,"journal":{"name":"Cameroon Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":"76 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86523743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kevine J.J. Dongmo, R. T. Fouedjou, B. T. Tchegnitegni, B. Ponou, R. Teponno, K. Siems, M. Melzig, L. Tapondjou
From the EtOAc fraction of the methanol extract of the stem barks of Baillonella toxisperma (Sapotaceae), eight compounds were isolated using column chromatography techniques. Their structures were established on the basis of 1D and 2D-NMR data and comparison with data published in the literature. The MeOH extract, n-BuOH and EtOAc fractions together with some pure compounds (4, 5, 7, 8) were screened for their radical scavenging activity using the2,2-diphenyl-1- picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH) free radical in order to get preliminary information about the antiradical capacities of this plant.Keywords: Baillonella toxisperma;Sapotaceae; DPPH; Antiradical activity
{"title":"Phytoconstituents and preliminary antiradical property evaluation of Baillonella toxisperma (Sapotaceae)","authors":"Kevine J.J. Dongmo, R. T. Fouedjou, B. T. Tchegnitegni, B. Ponou, R. Teponno, K. Siems, M. Melzig, L. Tapondjou","doi":"10.4314/cajeb.v11i1.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/cajeb.v11i1.8","url":null,"abstract":"From the EtOAc fraction of the methanol extract of the stem barks of Baillonella toxisperma (Sapotaceae), eight compounds were isolated using column chromatography techniques. Their structures were established on the basis of 1D and 2D-NMR data and comparison with data published in the literature. The MeOH extract, n-BuOH and EtOAc fractions together with some pure compounds (4, 5, 7, 8) were screened for their radical scavenging activity using the2,2-diphenyl-1- picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH) free radical in order to get preliminary information about the antiradical capacities of this plant.Keywords: Baillonella toxisperma;Sapotaceae; DPPH; Antiradical activity","PeriodicalId":9401,"journal":{"name":"Cameroon Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88708779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Justin Djopnang Djimbie, J. M. Njinkoue, H. Womeni, Inocent Gouado, M. T. Eyango, Christelle Tiwo Tsapla, F. T. Djikeng, Sabine Nga Ombede, Huguette Djeuachi Tchutcheu, Iruku Naga Satya Surya Prabhaka, M. S. L. Karuna, R. B. N. Prasad, Steve Kemmo Signing, Elvis Nganou Fabo, F. Tchoumbougnang
Pour contribuer a la valorisation des bios ressources aquatiques du Cameroun, le potentiel nutritionnel d’Oreochromis niloticus du fleuve Nkam a Yabassi a ete determine. L’objectif etait d’evaluer dans leur partie comestible (chair+peau), la composition bromatologique en fonction des grandes periodes de capture (novembre, mars et juillet), d’analyser l’influence du fumage et de la cuisson a ebullition sur leur composition proximale et le profil des acides gras. Les methodes conventionnelles ont ete utilisees. Les donnees obtenues ont varie significativement (P<0,05) en fonction du traitement. Dans la periode de capture, les proteines (47,85 %MS) et cendres (19,80 %MS) ont ete plus elevees en mars et plus faibles en juillet (32,67 et 7,20 %MS respectivement). Le fumage et l’ebullition ont concentre la matiere seche et les cendres, mais ont diminue les proteines (de 47,85 a 35,58 et 40,44 %MS respectivement), les lipides (de 23,34 a 19,91 et 16,90 %MS respectivement) et l’energie (de 437,50 a 357,91 et 397,30 kcal/100gMS respectivement). Sur les mineraux, le fumage et l’ebullition ont favorise l’augmentation du potassium (de 4659,29 a 8736,17 et 6988,93 mg/kg respectivement) et magnesium (18,72 a 34,14 et 37,84 mg/kg respectivement). Leurs lipides ont ete riches en acide palmitique (26,50-26,79%) et l’acide oleique (14,52-17,72 %). Toutefois, les acides gras essentiels omegas-6 (l’acide linoleique (4,93-9,07 %), arachidonique (3,12-3,73 %)) et omegas-3 (l’acide α-linolenique (4,17-6,27 %), docosahexaenoique (1,72-2,84 %)) ont ete bien representes. Le rapport omegas-3 sur omegas-6 a augmente en passant de 0,71 a 0,91 et de 0,71 a 1,20 pour le fumage et l’ebullition respectivement. Par contre, le rapport acides gras polyinsatures sur acides gras satures a diminue de 0,60 a 0,42 avec le fumage et augmente de 0,60 a 0,71 avec l’ebullition. Les differents effets observes ont ete plus severe avec le fumage que l’ebullition. Ces donnees pourront servir a completer les tables de composition des aliments locaux, necessaires pour les formulations alimentaires.Mots cles: Yabassi, Fleuve Nkam, Oreochromis niloticus, valeur nutritionnelle, fumage, ebullitionEnglish AbstractIn order to contribute to the valorization of the bio-aquatic resources of Cameroon, a study on the nutritional value of Oreochromis niloticusfrom river Nkam at Yabassi was carried out. The aim was to evaluate on their edible parts (flesh + skin), the chemical composition with respect to the main periods of captures (November, March and July), evaluate the influence of smoking and boiling on their proximate composition as well as their fatty acids profile, by conventional methods. The data obtained varied significantly (P<0.05) according to the treatments. During the capture period, Proteins (47.85 %dm) and ashes (19.80 %dm) were higher in March and lower in July (32.67 and 7.20 %dm respectively). Smoking and boiling concentrated the dry matter and ashes, but reduced proteins (from 47.85 to 3
为了促进喀麦隆水生生物资源的稳定，确定了来自Yabassi Nkam河的oreochromis niloticus的营养潜力。目的是评估其可食用部分(肉+皮)的化学成分与长时间捕获(11月、3月和7月)的关系，并分析吸烟和煮沸对其近端成分和脂肪酸分布的影响。采用了常规方法。根据治疗的不同，数据有显著差异(P< 0.05)。3月蛋白质(47.85% dm)和灰分(19.80% dm)较高，7月较低(32.67 dm和7.20% dm)。熏制和沸腾都集中到干物质和骨灰,但降低了蛋白质(分别为47.85 35.58并展望了MS)、脂肪(a 19.91 18.14%,分别为11.75毫秒)和能源部437.50 (a 357.91并分别100gMS 397.30千卡)。在矿物中，烟熏和沸腾促进了钾(分别从4659.29增加到8736.17和6988.93 mg/kg)和镁(分别从18.72增加到34.14和37.84 mg/kg)的增加。他们的脂质富含棕榈酸(26.50 - 26.79%)和油酸(14.52 - 17.72%)。然而，必需脂肪酸-6(亚油酸(4.93 - 9.07%)、花生四烯酸(3.12 - 3.73%)和-3 (α-亚麻酸(4.17 - 6.27%)、二十二碳六烯酸(1.72 - 2.84%))的含量较好。烟熏和沸腾的欧米加-3与欧米加- 6a的比值分别从0.71增加到0.91，从0.71增加到1.20。另一方面，多不饱和脂肪酸与饱和脂肪酸的比值在烟熏时由0.60降低到0.42，在沸腾时由0.60提高到0.71。观察到的各种影响在吸烟时比煮沸时更严重。这些数据可用于补充食品配方所需的当地食品成分表。关键词:Yabassi, Nkam river, Oreochromis niloticus, nutritional value, fumage, ebullitionEnglish AbstractIn order to contribute a valorization of the bioaquatic resources of cameroom, a study of Oreochromis niloticusfrom Nkam river at Yabassi。目的是通过常规方法评估它们的可食用部分(肉+皮)、与主要渔获期(11月、3月和7月)有关的化学成分、吸烟和煮沸对它们的近邻成分以及它们的脂肪酸状况的影响。获得的数据根据处理的不同有显著差异(P<0.05)。在捕获期，3月蛋白质(47.85% dm)和灰烬(19.80% dm)较高，7月较低(32.67 dm和7.20% dm)。吸烟和煮沸浓缩干物质和灰烬，但降低蛋白质(分别为47.85至35.58和40.44% dm)、脂肪(分别为23.34至19.91和16.90% dm)和能量(分别为437.50至357.91和397.30千卡/100克dm)。吸烟和煮沸会增加钾(分别为4659.29至8736.17和6988.93毫克/公斤)和镁(分别为18.72至34.14和37.84毫克/公斤)。rich in Their lipids fut palmitic acid(名单——26.79 %)、侍从by oleic acid(14.52-17.72 %)。然而，必需脂肪酸-6(亚麻酸(4.93- 9.07%)、花生四烯酸(3.12- 3.73%))和-3 (α-亚麻酸(4.17- 6.27%)、二十二碳六烯酸(1.72- 2.84%))的含量很高。据omega-6 omega - 3的比例”会从49)to 0.91 and 49) 1.20 for晚礼服,沸点计划)。相反,polyunsaturated脂肪酸可以由饱和脂肪酸的比例》decreased 0.60至0.42 with燕尾服and会从0.60)用煮沸。新书with燕尾服效应观察were more重than煮沸。这些数据可能有助于完成当地食品成分表，这是饲料配方所必需的。关键词:Yabassi, River Nkam, Oreochromis niloticus，营养价值，吸烟，煮沸
{"title":"Influence de la période de capture, du fumage et de la cuisson à ébullition sur le potentiel nutritionnel d’Oreochromis niloticus du fleuve Nkam (Yabassi-Cameroun)","authors":"Justin Djopnang Djimbie, J. M. Njinkoue, H. Womeni, Inocent Gouado, M. T. Eyango, Christelle Tiwo Tsapla, F. T. Djikeng, Sabine Nga Ombede, Huguette Djeuachi Tchutcheu, Iruku Naga Satya Surya Prabhaka, M. S. L. Karuna, R. B. N. Prasad, Steve Kemmo Signing, Elvis Nganou Fabo, F. Tchoumbougnang","doi":"10.4314/cajeb.v11i1.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/cajeb.v11i1.4","url":null,"abstract":"Pour contribuer a la valorisation des bios ressources aquatiques du Cameroun, le potentiel nutritionnel d’Oreochromis niloticus du fleuve Nkam a Yabassi a ete determine. L’objectif etait d’evaluer dans leur partie comestible (chair+peau), la composition bromatologique en fonction des grandes periodes de capture (novembre, mars et juillet), d’analyser l’influence du fumage et de la cuisson a ebullition sur leur composition proximale et le profil des acides gras. Les methodes conventionnelles ont ete utilisees. Les donnees obtenues ont varie significativement (P<0,05) en fonction du traitement. Dans la periode de capture, les proteines (47,85 %MS) et cendres (19,80 %MS) ont ete plus elevees en mars et plus faibles en juillet (32,67 et 7,20 %MS respectivement). Le fumage et l’ebullition ont concentre la matiere seche et les cendres, mais ont diminue les proteines (de 47,85 a 35,58 et 40,44 %MS respectivement), les lipides (de 23,34 a 19,91 et 16,90 %MS respectivement) et l’energie (de 437,50 a 357,91 et 397,30 kcal/100gMS respectivement). Sur les mineraux, le fumage et l’ebullition ont favorise l’augmentation du potassium (de 4659,29 a 8736,17 et 6988,93 mg/kg respectivement) et magnesium (18,72 a 34,14 et 37,84 mg/kg respectivement). Leurs lipides ont ete riches en acide palmitique (26,50-26,79%) et l’acide oleique (14,52-17,72 %). Toutefois, les acides gras essentiels omegas-6 (l’acide linoleique (4,93-9,07 %), arachidonique (3,12-3,73 %)) et omegas-3 (l’acide α-linolenique (4,17-6,27 %), docosahexaenoique (1,72-2,84 %)) ont ete bien representes. Le rapport omegas-3 sur omegas-6 a augmente en passant de 0,71 a 0,91 et de 0,71 a 1,20 pour le fumage et l’ebullition respectivement. Par contre, le rapport acides gras polyinsatures sur acides gras satures a diminue de 0,60 a 0,42 avec le fumage et augmente de 0,60 a 0,71 avec l’ebullition. Les differents effets observes ont ete plus severe avec le fumage que l’ebullition. Ces donnees pourront servir a completer les tables de composition des aliments locaux, necessaires pour les formulations alimentaires.Mots cles: Yabassi, Fleuve Nkam, Oreochromis niloticus, valeur nutritionnelle, fumage, ebullitionEnglish AbstractIn order to contribute to the valorization of the bio-aquatic resources of Cameroon, a study on the nutritional value of Oreochromis niloticusfrom river Nkam at Yabassi was carried out. The aim was to evaluate on their edible parts (flesh + skin), the chemical composition with respect to the main periods of captures (November, March and July), evaluate the influence of smoking and boiling on their proximate composition as well as their fatty acids profile, by conventional methods. The data obtained varied significantly (P<0.05) according to the treatments. During the capture period, Proteins (47.85 %dm) and ashes (19.80 %dm) were higher in March and lower in July (32.67 and 7.20 %dm respectively). Smoking and boiling concentrated the dry matter and ashes, but reduced proteins (from 47.85 to 3","PeriodicalId":9401,"journal":{"name":"Cameroon Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77783215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Watcho, Aimé Césaire Momo Tetsatsi, M. Wankeu-Nya, Georges Roméo Bonsou Fozin, François Xavier Kemka Nguimatio, Pepin Alango Nkeng-Effouet, T. B. Nguelefack, A. Kamanyi
Objective: The barks of Lannea acida (L. acida) are used in traditional medicine as aphrodisiac. This work was undertaken to evaluate the effects of L. acida on vas deferens contractility (in vitro test) and seminal vesicles pressure (ex-copula test) of mature rat.Methods: For the in vitro test, rats were sacrificed by cervical dislocation and the vas deferens removed and mounted in an isolated organ bath containing aerated physiological Krebs solution for the recording of the effects of aqueous extract of L. acida (0.91-14.54 mg/ml) and KCl (13.25-106 mg/ml). For the ex-copula test, the seminal vesicles pressure of urethane-anesthetized rats was measured after urethral and tactile stimulations, intravenous administration of NaCl 0.9% (1 ml/kg), dopamine (5 mg/kg) or plant extract (5-40 mg/kg).Results: Similar to KCl (13.25-106 mg/ml), the aqueous extract of L. acida concentration-dependently contracted the vas deferens. Furthermore, urethral and tactile stimulations as well as intravenous administration of dopamine or plant extract induced contractions of the seminal vesicles characterized by an increase of the pressure. This increase induced by the plant extract was dose-dependent with significant effects obtained at doses 20 mg/kg, 30 mg/kg and 40 mg/kg.Conclusion: These results show that L. acida improves the emissive phase of ejaculation through contraction of vas deferens and seminal vesicle smooth muscles.Keywords: Lannea acida, emission phase of ejaculation, vas deferens, seminal vesicles, rat
{"title":"Lannea acida improves the emission phase of ejaculation of mature male rat: effects on vas deferens and seminal vesicles","authors":"P. Watcho, Aimé Césaire Momo Tetsatsi, M. Wankeu-Nya, Georges Roméo Bonsou Fozin, François Xavier Kemka Nguimatio, Pepin Alango Nkeng-Effouet, T. B. Nguelefack, A. Kamanyi","doi":"10.4314/cajeb.v11i1.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/cajeb.v11i1.6","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The barks of Lannea acida (L. acida) are used in traditional medicine as aphrodisiac. This work was undertaken to evaluate the effects of L. acida on vas deferens contractility (in vitro test) and seminal vesicles pressure (ex-copula test) of mature rat.Methods: For the in vitro test, rats were sacrificed by cervical dislocation and the vas deferens removed and mounted in an isolated organ bath containing aerated physiological Krebs solution for the recording of the effects of aqueous extract of L. acida (0.91-14.54 mg/ml) and KCl (13.25-106 mg/ml). For the ex-copula test, the seminal vesicles pressure of urethane-anesthetized rats was measured after urethral and tactile stimulations, intravenous administration of NaCl 0.9% (1 ml/kg), dopamine (5 mg/kg) or plant extract (5-40 mg/kg).Results: Similar to KCl (13.25-106 mg/ml), the aqueous extract of L. acida concentration-dependently contracted the vas deferens. Furthermore, urethral and tactile stimulations as well as intravenous administration of dopamine or plant extract induced contractions of the seminal vesicles characterized by an increase of the pressure. This increase induced by the plant extract was dose-dependent with significant effects obtained at doses 20 mg/kg, 30 mg/kg and 40 mg/kg.Conclusion: These results show that L. acida improves the emissive phase of ejaculation through contraction of vas deferens and seminal vesicle smooth muscles.Keywords: Lannea acida, emission phase of ejaculation, vas deferens, seminal vesicles, rat","PeriodicalId":9401,"journal":{"name":"Cameroon Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91373371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Fonkou, Benoît Nguelefack Télesphore, Boyah Kajoh Julius, V. Nguetsop, Martin Lekeufack, Elsie Sandra Tongueu Motue, Manuella Kelly Djeuga Youga, Marcelle Franca Meguem Mboujda
The objective of the study was to make a survey of wetland medicinal plants in the Western Highlands of Cameroon. Eighteen (18) wetlands in four divisions namely Penka-Michel (Menoua division), Batcham (Bamboutos division), Bassap- Bafang (Haut-Nkam division) and Foumban (Noun division) were visited between the months of May and August 2015. Semi-structured interviews were conducted among 38 traditional practitioners and herbalists. Eighteen transects of 1 m × 10 m (10 m²) were established to study the phytosociology of wetland medicinal macrophytes with other associated plants. In each transect, 10 quadrats of 1 m x 1 m were traced in which all plant species including medicinal plants were inventored and counted. A total of 82 wetland macrophytes of medicinal importance grouped into 64 genera and 40 families were documented to treat over 74 different ailments. The most frequent family was the Asteraceae with the highest number of genera (7) followed by Fabaceae and Poaceae with 4 genera each. The most cited plant species were Emilia coccinea (Sims) G. Don, Commelina benghalensis L. and Coccinia barteri (Hook.f.) Keay. Emilia coccinea (Sims) G. Don alone is used for treating 14 ailments while Commelina benghalensis L. and Coccinia barteri (Hook.f.) Keay were used to treat 5 and 4 ailments respectively. The most regularly used plant part was the leaves (55.75 %) followed by whole or entire plant (24.54 %) for treating several diseases such as palpitation, skin diseases, digestive problems, dysentary, influenza, infertility, boil, sore throat, sexual impotence and kidney problems among others. The wetlands in the Western Highlands of Cameroon are rich in medicinal macrophyte species which are used as food or food products for traditional health care. Keywords: Ethnobotany, wetlands, medicinal macrophytes, Infertility, Western Highlands of Cameroon
本研究的目的是对喀麦隆西部高地湿地药用植物进行调查。2015年5月至8月期间，对Penka-Michel (Menoua区)、Batcham (Bamboutos区)、Bassap- Bafang (Haut-Nkam区)和Foumban(名词区)四个区18个湿地进行了调查。对38名传统中医和中医进行了半结构化访谈。建立了18个1 m × 10 m (10 m²)的样带，研究了湿地药用植物及其伴生植物的植物社会学。在每个样带绘制10个1 m × 1 m的样方，在样方中发现并统计了包括药用植物在内的所有植物种类。共记录了82种具有药用价值的湿地植物，隶属于40科64属，可治疗74种不同的疾病。以菊科最多，属数最多(7个)，其次是豆科和豆科，各有4个属。被引最多的植物种是Emilia coccinea (Sims) G. Don、Commelina benghalensis L.和Coccinia barteri (Hook.f.)。Keay。单球菌(Emilia coccinea, Sims) G. Don可用于治疗14种疾病;key分别用于治疗5种和4种疾病。最常使用的植物部位是叶子(55.75%)，其次是整株或整株植物(24.54%)，用于治疗心悸、皮肤病、消化问题、消化不良、流感、不孕症、煮沸、喉咙痛、性无能和肾脏问题等几种疾病。喀麦隆西部高地的湿地富含药用大型植物，这些植物被用作传统保健的食物或食品。关键词:民族植物学，湿地，药用植物，不育，喀麦隆西部高地
{"title":"Ethnobotanical study on Wetland macrophytes of medicinal importance in the Western Highlands of Cameroon","authors":"T. Fonkou, Benoît Nguelefack Télesphore, Boyah Kajoh Julius, V. Nguetsop, Martin Lekeufack, Elsie Sandra Tongueu Motue, Manuella Kelly Djeuga Youga, Marcelle Franca Meguem Mboujda","doi":"10.4314/cajeb.v11i1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/cajeb.v11i1.3","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of the study was to make a survey of wetland medicinal plants in the Western Highlands of Cameroon. Eighteen (18) wetlands in four divisions namely Penka-Michel (Menoua division), Batcham (Bamboutos division), Bassap- Bafang (Haut-Nkam division) and Foumban (Noun division) were visited between the months of May and August 2015. Semi-structured interviews were conducted among 38 traditional practitioners and herbalists. Eighteen transects of 1 m × 10 m (10 m²) were established to study the phytosociology of wetland medicinal macrophytes with other associated plants. In each transect, 10 quadrats of 1 m x 1 m were traced in which all plant species including medicinal plants were inventored and counted. A total of 82 wetland macrophytes of medicinal importance grouped into 64 genera and 40 families were documented to treat over 74 different ailments. The most frequent family was the Asteraceae with the highest number of genera (7) followed by Fabaceae and Poaceae with 4 genera each. The most cited plant species were Emilia coccinea (Sims) G. Don, Commelina benghalensis L. and Coccinia barteri (Hook.f.) Keay. Emilia coccinea (Sims) G. Don alone is used for treating 14 ailments while Commelina benghalensis L. and Coccinia barteri (Hook.f.) Keay were used to treat 5 and 4 ailments respectively. The most regularly used plant part was the leaves (55.75 %) followed by whole or entire plant (24.54 %) for treating several diseases such as palpitation, skin diseases, digestive problems, dysentary, influenza, infertility, boil, sore throat, sexual impotence and kidney problems among others. The wetlands in the Western Highlands of Cameroon are rich in medicinal macrophyte species which are used as food or food products for traditional health care. Keywords: Ethnobotany, wetlands, medicinal macrophytes, Infertility, Western Highlands of Cameroon","PeriodicalId":9401,"journal":{"name":"Cameroon Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74377573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Zango, Minette Tabi Eyango Tomedi, C. T. Tiogué, Thomas Ewoukem Efole, V. Pouomogne, Olivier Mikolaseck, J. Tchoumboue
La prolificite tres eleve d’ Oreochromis niloticus en etang cause l’augmentation de densite, la reduction de croissance et du rendement(1). L’elevage mono-sexe male ou l’association de Clarias gariepinus a Oreochromis niloticus est souvent pratique pour controler cette prolificite. Cependant, le sexage manuel presente des erreurs et la production a l’aide des hormones ou du choc thermique sont couteux pour les pisciculteurs. Le caractere vorace de Clarias gariepinus est nefaste. L’utilisation d’autres Clariidae telle que Clarias jaensis , espece endogene au Cameroun constituerait une solution tout en valorisant la biodiversite aquacole. C’est ainsi que de mars 2013 a fevrier 2014 les performances de survie et de croissance de Oreochromis niloticus en monoculture, associe a Clarias jaensis et a Clarias gariepinus ont ete etudiees a la Ferme d’Application et de Recherche de l’Universite de Dschang (Latitude Nord : 5°24’ - 5°26’ et Longitude Est : 10°04’ - 10°07’), Ouest – Cameroun. A cet effet, 270 poissons dont 210 Oreochromis niloticus (17,52 ± 4,72g), 30 Clarias jaensis (16,85 ± 5,00g) et 30 Clarias gariepinus (15,66 ± 3,84g) ont ete utilises. Les poissons etaient stockes a 1,2 individus / m 2 et repartis en trois traitements a trois repetitions dont Oreochromis niloticus en monoculture, Oreochromis niloticus associe a Clarias jaensis et Oreochromis niloticus associe a Clarias gariepinus en etangs fertilises hebdomadairement aux fientes de poules. Au terme de l’essai, le taux de survie a ete significativement (p ≤0,05) plus eleve chez Oreochromis niloticus associe a Clarias gariepinus en pre grossissement (75%) et chez Oreochromis niloticus associe a Clarias jaensis en grossissement (90%) ,le gain moyen quotidien a ete plus eleve (au seuil de 95%) chez Oreochromis niloticus en monoculture et en association avec Clarias jaensis (0,31 ± 0,10g et 0,33 ± 0,15g/j). Le nombre d’alevins d’ Oreochromis niloticus produits a ete significativement (P ≤ 0,05) plus faible dans l’association avec Clarias gariepinus . Ainsi, les performances de croissance et le rendement d’ Oreochromis niloticus associe a Clarias jaensis ont ete meilleurs qu’en monoculture. Clarias jaensis est un candidat potentiel pour l’amelioration de la production du Tilapia en contribuant a la diversification des especes de Silure en elevage au Cameroun. Mots cles: Oreochromis niloticus , Clarias jaensis , Clarias gariepinus , monoculture, association, Performances de croissance English Abstract In the fish farms of Cameroon in general, Clarias gariepinus is associated with Oreochromis niloticus in order to control the undesired prolificacy and increase growth a final yield. However, the voracious tendency of Clarias gariepinus with large prey sometimes leads to a decrease of the yield. The use of the less voracious species such as Clarias jaensis could be the way for preservation of endogenous fish species. Thus, the effect of types of catfish association in survival rate and growth per
池塘中niloticus的高增殖率导致密度增加，生长和产量下降(1)。雄性单性繁殖或Clarias gariepinus与Oreochromis niloticus的结合通常是控制这种增殖的实际方法。然而，人工性别分类存在错误，使用激素或热休克生产对养鱼户来说是昂贵的。Clarias gariepinus的贪婪性格是有害的。在提高水产养殖生物多样性的同时，利用喀麦隆内生物种Clarias jaensis等其他Clariidae将是一种解决方案。这样的2013年3月于2014年2月生长和生存性能单一作物Oreochromis niloticus),结合了克拉丽莎jaensis和a Clarias etudiees了坚定的应用和研究了大学大学(北纬5°24 ':- 5°26 '和东经10°04’- 10°07’)、西—喀麦隆。共捕获270条鱼，其中niloticus 210条(17.52±4.72 g)， jaensis 30条(16.85±5.00 g)， gariepinus 30条(15.66±3.84 g)。鱼以1.2只/ m2的数量储存，分为3个处理，3个重复，分别是尼罗色鱼(Oreochromis niloticus)、尼罗色鱼(Oreochromis niloticus)与克拉瑞亚斯jaensis (Clarias jaensis)和尼罗色鱼(Oreochromis niloticus)与克拉瑞亚斯gariepinus (Clarias jaensis)在池塘中每周用鸡粪便施肥。在测试结束时,存活率已显著(p≤0.05)最高Oreochromis niloticus身上结合了Clarias pre的放大倍数(75%)和Oreochromis niloticus身上结合了克拉丽莎jaensis肿胀(90%),平均每天完成了最高(95%)的阈值Oreochromis niloticus家里单作和联同鲶鱼jaensis(0.31±0,10g和±0.33% 0,15g / j)。与Clarias gariepinus联合产生的Oreochromis niloticus幼鱼数量显著降低(P≤0.05)。因此，niloticus Oreochromis与Clarias jaensis的生长性能和产量均优于单一栽培。Clarias jaensis是提高罗非鱼产量的潜在候选者，有助于喀麦隆养殖鲶鱼品种的多样化。关键词:Oreochromis niloticus, Clarias jaensis, Clarias gariepinus，单一栽培，组合，生长性能英语摘要喀麦隆渔场一般来说，Clarias gariepinus与Oreochromis niloticus有关，以控制不需要的增殖和增加生长最终产量。= =地理= =根据美国人口普查，这个县的总面积为，其中土地和(0.984平方公里)水。= =地理= =根据美国人口普查，这个县的面积为，其中土地面积为。Thus catfish association in the effect of类型景脾生存和生长性能test between March of Oreochromis niloticus fut 2013与2014年2月的at the Farm of the University of Applied and Research)大学(24°5 ' 5 - 10°°26 ' Northern and 04’- 10°07’Eastern) in the Western High Lands of喀麦隆。将210个niloticus Oreochromis niloticus(17.52±4.72g)、30个jaensis Clarias(16.85±5.00 g)和30个gariepinus Clarias(15.66±3.84 g)储存在1 2条鱼/ m2中，采用3个处理和3个复制，每周用鸡滴施肥。三种处理分别是niloticus与Clarias jaensis (T1)、niloticus与Clarias gariepinus (T2)和niloticus单株培养(T3)。结果:T1和T2的存活率显著(P≤0.05)高于T3(90%和75% vs 50%)。The average daily重量增益was higher . for in单作Oreochromis niloticus and戴associated with鲶鱼jaensis率±0.10 g and 0.33(±0.15 g / d)发数。fingerlings of Oreochromis niloticus经fut期间收到协会(P≤0.05)low in with Clarias and戴用鲶鱼jaensis。= =地理= =根据美国人口普查，该地区的总面积为，其中土地和(1.1%)水。关键词:Oreochromis niloticus, Clarias jaensis, Clarias gariepinus，单一栽培，组合，生长性能
{"title":"Performances comparées de survie et de croissance d’Oreochromis niloticus associé à Clarias jaensis et à Clarias gariepinus","authors":"P. Zango, Minette Tabi Eyango Tomedi, C. T. Tiogué, Thomas Ewoukem Efole, V. Pouomogne, Olivier Mikolaseck, J. Tchoumboue","doi":"10.4314/cajeb.v11i1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/cajeb.v11i1.1","url":null,"abstract":"La prolificite tres eleve d’ Oreochromis niloticus en etang cause l’augmentation de densite, la reduction de croissance et du rendement(1). L’elevage mono-sexe male ou l’association de Clarias gariepinus a Oreochromis niloticus est souvent pratique pour controler cette prolificite. Cependant, le sexage manuel presente des erreurs et la production a l’aide des hormones ou du choc thermique sont couteux pour les pisciculteurs. Le caractere vorace de Clarias gariepinus est nefaste. L’utilisation d’autres Clariidae telle que Clarias jaensis , espece endogene au Cameroun constituerait une solution tout en valorisant la biodiversite aquacole. C’est ainsi que de mars 2013 a fevrier 2014 les performances de survie et de croissance de Oreochromis niloticus en monoculture, associe a Clarias jaensis et a Clarias gariepinus ont ete etudiees a la Ferme d’Application et de Recherche de l’Universite de Dschang (Latitude Nord : 5°24’ - 5°26’ et Longitude Est : 10°04’ - 10°07’), Ouest – Cameroun. A cet effet, 270 poissons dont 210 Oreochromis niloticus (17,52 ± 4,72g), 30 Clarias jaensis (16,85 ± 5,00g) et 30 Clarias gariepinus (15,66 ± 3,84g) ont ete utilises. Les poissons etaient stockes a 1,2 individus / m 2 et repartis en trois traitements a trois repetitions dont Oreochromis niloticus en monoculture, Oreochromis niloticus associe a Clarias jaensis et Oreochromis niloticus associe a Clarias gariepinus en etangs fertilises hebdomadairement aux fientes de poules. Au terme de l’essai, le taux de survie a ete significativement (p ≤0,05) plus eleve chez Oreochromis niloticus associe a Clarias gariepinus en pre grossissement (75%) et chez Oreochromis niloticus associe a Clarias jaensis en grossissement (90%) ,le gain moyen quotidien a ete plus eleve (au seuil de 95%) chez Oreochromis niloticus en monoculture et en association avec Clarias jaensis (0,31 ± 0,10g et 0,33 ± 0,15g/j). Le nombre d’alevins d’ Oreochromis niloticus produits a ete significativement (P ≤ 0,05) plus faible dans l’association avec Clarias gariepinus . Ainsi, les performances de croissance et le rendement d’ Oreochromis niloticus associe a Clarias jaensis ont ete meilleurs qu’en monoculture. Clarias jaensis est un candidat potentiel pour l’amelioration de la production du Tilapia en contribuant a la diversification des especes de Silure en elevage au Cameroun. Mots cles: Oreochromis niloticus , Clarias jaensis , Clarias gariepinus , monoculture, association, Performances de croissance English Abstract In the fish farms of Cameroon in general, Clarias gariepinus is associated with Oreochromis niloticus in order to control the undesired prolificacy and increase growth a final yield. However, the voracious tendency of Clarias gariepinus with large prey sometimes leads to a decrease of the yield. The use of the less voracious species such as Clarias jaensis could be the way for preservation of endogenous fish species. Thus, the effect of types of catfish association in survival rate and growth per","PeriodicalId":9401,"journal":{"name":"Cameroon Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75211019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Watcho, Vanessa Wandja, E. Ngadjui, Patrick Brice Deeh Defo, M. Wankeu-Nya, T. B. Nguelefack, A. Kamanyi, P. Kamtchouing
{"title":"Evidence-based in vivo tocolytic activities of Alchornea laxiflora (Benth) (Euphorbiaceae) in female rats","authors":"P. Watcho, Vanessa Wandja, E. Ngadjui, Patrick Brice Deeh Defo, M. Wankeu-Nya, T. B. Nguelefack, A. Kamanyi, P. Kamtchouing","doi":"10.4314/cajeb.v11i1.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/cajeb.v11i1.9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9401,"journal":{"name":"Cameroon Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":"94 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81612296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The desiccation tolerance of Garcinia afzelii seeds was determined and sensitive vigour tests for assessing seed deterioration of this species were identified. Matured fruits were harvested in March 2009 from a small plantation at Ho in the Volta Region of Ghana. Depulped seeds were mixed with moistened sawdust and placed in white cotton sacks and quickly transported by air to the Seed Conversation Department of the Royal Botanic Gardens in the United Kingdom where a part of the experiment was carried out. The second season’s seeds was also harvested from the same plantation in April 2010 and used for another part of the studies in Ghana. Seed equilibrium relative humidity and moisture content on receipt in the United Kingdom were 93.3 % and 38.2 % respectively. Seed germination percentage decreased gradually with reduction in seed moisture content until after 25 % moisture content when germination percentage reduced drastically to 43 % at 23 % moisture content. The seeds of Garcinia afzelii are recalcitrant, with ‘critical moisture content’ about 25 %. Seedling dry weight, seed vigour index and speed of germination also decreased as seeds were dried. Electrical conductivity of leachate from seeds increased with desiccation of seeds. Water sorption isotherm curve for the species showed the typical sigmoid shape curve similar to that of orthodox species. Key words: Garcinia afzelii, vigour index, seedling dry weight, electrical conductivity, critical moisture content, moisture sorption isotherm.
{"title":"Desiccation Tolerance, Germination and Moisture Sorption Isotherm of Garcinia afzelii seeds","authors":"J. M. Asomaning, M. Sacande","doi":"10.4314/CAJEB.V10I1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/CAJEB.V10I1.2","url":null,"abstract":"The desiccation tolerance of Garcinia afzelii seeds was determined and sensitive vigour tests for assessing seed deterioration of this species were identified. Matured fruits were harvested in March 2009 from a small plantation at Ho in the Volta Region of Ghana. Depulped seeds were mixed with moistened sawdust and placed in white cotton sacks and quickly transported by air to the Seed Conversation Department of the Royal Botanic Gardens in the United Kingdom where a part of the experiment was carried out. The second season’s seeds was also harvested from the same plantation in April 2010 and used for another part of the studies in Ghana. Seed equilibrium relative humidity and moisture content on receipt in the United Kingdom were 93.3 % and 38.2 % respectively. Seed germination percentage decreased gradually with reduction in seed moisture content until after 25 % moisture content when germination percentage reduced drastically to 43 % at 23 % moisture content. The seeds of Garcinia afzelii are recalcitrant, with ‘critical moisture content’ about 25 %. Seedling dry weight, seed vigour index and speed of germination also decreased as seeds were dried. Electrical conductivity of leachate from seeds increased with desiccation of seeds. Water sorption isotherm curve for the species showed the typical sigmoid shape curve similar to that of orthodox species. Key words: Garcinia afzelii, vigour index, seedling dry weight, electrical conductivity, critical moisture content, moisture sorption isotherm.","PeriodicalId":9401,"journal":{"name":"Cameroon Journal of Experimental Biology","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87227064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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