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Venom Induced Toxic Ventriculitis Resulting in Acute Reversible Communicating Internal Hydrocephalus, Acute Pituitary Haemorrhage, Acute Hypopituitarism, Acute Kidney Injury, Septicaemia, Cellulitis and DIC Due to Viper Bite in a Young Farmer: A Case Report 毒蛇咬伤致中毒性脑室炎致急性可逆性内源性脑积水、急性垂体出血、急性垂体功能减退、急性肾损伤、败血症、蜂窝织炎和DIC一例报告
Pub Date : 2021-08-01 DOI: 10.37871/jbres1293
K. Phyu Pyar, S. Win Hlaing, A. Aung, Zar Ni Htet Aung, N. L. Maung, K. Myat, L. Maung Maung, Y. Min Hein, L. Aung, Chan Pyae Aung, K. Lwin, Min Aung Hein, Moe Tun Zaw, M. Maung, A. Kyaw, Thein Soe Tun, W. Myint
A young farmer, tenth standard student, helping his grandfather during holiday, developed anuria after viper bite. Because of headache, non-enhanced CT scan head was done on admission which showed a small pituitary haemorrhage with normal ventricles. Later, he had generalized fits and second non-enhanced CT scan head was repeated which revealed a small pituitary haemorrhage with dilated ventricles. He also had acute kidney injury, septicaemia, cellulitis and DIC. The serum level of TSH, free T3 & free T4 were low; thus, replacement was done. Cerebrospinal fluid study (protein, sugar, cells) including culture was normal. Renal replacement therapy (haemodialysis), platelets transfusion and antibiotics were given. He had torrential polyuria (urine output 12 liter per day) when he recovered from renal failure and it improved dramatically with desmopressin replacement. There was improvement in third non-enhanced CT scan head and fourth one was consistent with normal ventricle and reduction in size of pituitary haemorrhage.
一个年轻的农民,十年级学生,在假期帮助他的祖父,被毒蛇咬伤后患上了无尿症。由于头痛,入院时进行头部非增强CT扫描,显示垂体小出血,脑室正常。后来,他有全身痉挛和第二次非增强CT扫描头显示一个小脑垂体出血和心室扩张。他还患有急性肾损伤、败血症、蜂窝组织炎和DIC。血清TSH、游离T3、游离T4水平较低;因此,进行了更换。脑脊液检查(蛋白、糖、细胞)包括培养均正常。给予肾脏替代治疗(血液透析)、血小板输注和抗生素治疗。当他从肾功能衰竭中恢复时,他有严重的多尿(每天尿量12升),用去氨加压素替代后明显改善。第三次非增强CT扫描头颅改善,第四次脑室正常,脑垂体出血缩小。
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引用次数: 0
Psychological Factors of Metabolic Syndrome 代谢综合征的心理因素
Pub Date : 2021-07-31 DOI: 10.37871/jbres1290
A. D. Noghabi
Several factors are involved in the etiology of metabolic syndrome, the most important of which are insulin resistance, obesity (especially abdominal obesity), lipid abnormalities, impaired glucose tolerance, hypertension, pre-inflammatory status, genetic factors, unhealthy lifestyle, trend Rapid urbanization, nutritional factors, inactivity, smoking and hookah smoking, social, economic and cultural factors, level of education, psychosocial stresses and environmental pollution. But psychological factors such as meta-cognitive beliefs, life orientation (optimism, pessimism) and positive and negative emotions, Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis activity, type D personality, depression and anxiety also play a role in causing it.
代谢综合征的病因涉及几个因素,其中最重要的是胰岛素抵抗、肥胖(特别是腹部肥胖)、脂质异常、糖耐量受损、高血压、炎症前期状态、遗传因素、不健康的生活方式、趋势快速城市化、营养因素、缺乏运动、吸烟和水烟、社会、经济和文化因素、教育水平、心理社会压力和环境污染。但元认知信念、生活取向(乐观、悲观)、积极和消极情绪、下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺(HPA)轴活动、D型人格、抑郁和焦虑等心理因素也起作用。
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引用次数: 0
Definitive Dental Applications of Graphene Based Dental Biomaterial 石墨烯基牙科生物材料的临床应用
Pub Date : 2021-07-31 DOI: 10.37871/jbres1292
Hariharan Ramakrishnan, Surabhi Halder
Graphene was first identified in 2004, and it has remarkable properties. Atoms of Graphene are very tightly bonded so, like carbon nanotubes, which makes it super-strong, even more, potent than diamond. Moreover, it has good Heat conductivity, Electrical conductivity, and optical properties. Application in the dental field, especially in prosthodontics, includes the addition to Polymethylmethacrylate and improving its properties. In removable and implant prosthodontics in the last five years, this biomaterial had evoked immense research interest.
石墨烯于2004年首次被发现,它具有非凡的性能。石墨烯的原子非常紧密地结合在一起,就像碳纳米管一样,这使得它比钻石更强,甚至更有效。此外,它还具有良好的导热性、导电性和光学性能。聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯在口腔修复领域的应用包括添加到聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯中并改善其性能。在过去的五年中,在可移动和种植义齿领域,这种生物材料引起了巨大的研究兴趣。
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引用次数: 0
Is Danish Venison Production Environmentally Sustainable? 丹麦鹿肉生产环境可持续吗?
Pub Date : 2021-07-31 DOI: 10.37871/jbres1276
H. Saxe
The objective of this study is to quantify the climate- and environmental impact of venison production from six wild life species in Denmark: Red deer, roe deer, fallow deer, wild boar, mallard and pheasant, and compare it with the environmental impact of commercially produced beef, pork and chicken in Denmark. The method for quantifying the impact of venison applied original LCI data obtained for the complete life cycle of Danish venison production of all six species, supplemented with data from Ecoinvent® and LCAFOOD on materials and processes involved in production of venison and industrial meat. Fodder, foraging on farmers’ fields, infrastructure, hunter/hunting and abattoir processes were analyzed separately using Simapro software applying the Stepwise® method. The results indicate that Danish venison production ranges from being slightly less, over being equally, to most often being far more environmentally harmful than the production of comparable industrial meat types. The main environmental impact originated from feed and foraging on farmer’s fields and mileage driven by the hunters was surprisingly high. Danish industrial meat from domestic animals is typically more environmentally friendly than Danish venison.
本研究的目的是量化丹麦六种野生动物(马鹿、狍子、黇鹿、野猪、野鸭和野鸡)的鹿肉生产对气候和环境的影响,并将其与丹麦商业生产的牛肉、猪肉和鸡肉对环境的影响进行比较。量化鹿肉影响的方法采用了丹麦所有六种鹿肉生产整个生命周期的原始LCI数据,并辅以Ecoinvent®和LCAFOOD关于鹿肉和工业肉类生产中涉及的材料和工艺的数据。使用Simapro软件应用Stepwise®方法分别分析饲料、农民田间觅食、基础设施、猎人/狩猎和屠宰场过程。结果表明,丹麦鹿肉的生产范围从稍微少一点到超过同等程度,到大多数情况下比同类工业肉类的生产对环境的危害要大得多。对环境的主要影响来自于农民田地里的饲料和觅食,而猎人开车的里程惊人地高。丹麦工业生产的家畜肉通常比丹麦鹿肉更环保。
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引用次数: 3
Research Progress in the Repair of Peripheral Nerve Injury with Adipose-Derived Stem Cell Exosomes 脂肪来源干细胞外泌体修复周围神经损伤的研究进展
Pub Date : 2021-07-31 DOI: 10.37871/jbres1287
Xinyu Ben, Hui-hui Zheng, Ya-Ru Wang, Fangfang Liu, Qingyi Zhu, Rui Ren, Xinan Yi
The repair of peripheral nerve injury has always been a difficult clinical problem. Although a variety of treatment methods are available in clinical practice, their efficacy is limited. In recent years, the components carried by adipose stem cell exosomes and their functions have been increasingly discovered. A large number of experiments conducted around the world have shown that adipose-derived stem cell exosomes have a positive effect on the repair of peripheral nerve injury. This article reviews recent progress toward the use of adipose-derived stem cell exosomes in the repair of injured peripheral nerves and possible future research directions involving adipose-derived stem cell exosomes.
周围神经损伤的修复一直是临床难题。虽然临床上有多种治疗方法,但其疗效有限。近年来,脂肪干细胞外泌体所携带的成分及其功能被越来越多地发现。世界各地进行的大量实验表明,脂肪来源的干细胞外泌体对周围神经损伤的修复具有积极作用。本文综述了近年来利用脂肪源性干细胞外泌体修复周围神经损伤的研究进展,以及脂肪源性干细胞外泌体未来可能的研究方向。
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引用次数: 0
Knowledge of Rabies Vis-A-Vis Dog Bite Exposure among Non-Victimized People within Srinagar District of Kashmir Valley, India 印度克什米尔山谷斯利那加地区未受害人群对狂犬病的了解
Pub Date : 2021-07-31 DOI: 10.37871/jbres1291
Namera Thahaby, A. Akand, A. Bhat, S. A. Hamdani, I. M. Allaie
Objective: People have low information regarding rabies and its prevention. Understanding community information on rabies is vitally attributable to their influence on post-exposure treatment-seeking behavior as community support is important for rabies bar and management program. Methods: The present study was carried in Srinagar district. Regarding perception of people interview schedule was formulated. As per Srinagar Municipal Corporation (SMC), the city is divided into two divisions; four zones and 34 wards. To exploit the diversity of population response, all the four zones were considered for the present investigation. Results: Regarding knowledge of non-victimized people it was seen they were aware, but they lacked a complete perception of rabies. The greater parts of respondents had heard of rabies (81.25%) and were awake of its spread through dog bites; however they lacked the information about the other animals transmitting rabies. This faction has enhanced communication and information regarding what is happening in their dwelling, counting dog bites as well. Bite was being mentioned (70.93%) by most of the respondents as a means of transmission but only some of the respondents mentioned scratches and licking as the method of transmission. This could due to lack of complete acuity of the disease rabies. In our community rabies is well-known as mad dog (halkaer houn) which is allied through aggression. Aggression was thus known by most of the respondents (35.20%) which is in stroke amid the verity that furious form of rabies is widespread in animals. Regarding about the treatment, the majority were aware that the SMHS (95.31%) hospital provides vaccines and the respondents didn’t choose any traditional methods. Some respondents knew about the need of prompt washing of the wound by water and soap (25%). Victims would seek medical attention, potentially due to fear of rabies. Conclusion: The good level of knowledge amongst the non-victims may be due to numerous reports of dog’s bites in Srinagar plus they were more educated. Factors influencing enhanced awareness and practices incorporated elevated socioeconomic rank and education signifying that the maximum menace of rabies is probable to fall on the mainly susceptible sectors of society, particularly poor members with slight or no proper education.
目的:人们对狂犬病及其预防的了解程度较低。了解社区狂犬病信息对暴露后寻求治疗行为的影响至关重要,因为社区支持对狂犬病酒吧和管理计划非常重要。方法:本研究在斯利那加地区进行。针对人们的感知,制定了面试时间表。根据斯利那加市政公司(SMC),该市分为两个区;四个区,34个区。为了充分利用人口响应的多样性,本研究考虑了这四个区域。结果:未受害人群对狂犬病的认知虽有所了解,但缺乏完整的认知。大部分应答者听说过狂犬病(81.25%),并意识到狂犬病通过狗咬伤传播;然而,他们缺乏其他动物传播狂犬病的信息。这个派系加强了沟通和信息,了解他们的住所发生了什么,也计算狗咬人的次数。大多数应答者提到咬伤(70.93%)是传播途径,但只有部分应答者提到抓痕和舔舐是传播途径。这可能是由于缺乏对狂犬病的完全敏锐度。在我们的社区,狂犬病被称为疯狗(halkaer houn),它是通过侵略联合起来的。因此,大多数应答者(35.20%)都知道攻击性,这是在动物中普遍存在狂躁型狂犬病的事实中发生的。在治疗方面,大多数人(95.31%)知道SMHS医院提供疫苗,受访者没有选择任何传统方法。一些应答者知道需要及时用水和肥皂清洗伤口(25%)。受害者会寻求医疗救助,可能是由于害怕狂犬病。结论:非受害者的良好知识水平可能是由于斯利那加有许多狗咬伤的报告,加上他们受过更多的教育。影响提高认识和做法的因素包括社会经济地位的提高和教育程度的提高,这表明狂犬病的最大威胁可能落在主要易受影响的社会阶层,特别是受过很少或没有受过适当教育的贫困成员身上。
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引用次数: 0
Malaria Transfusional Transmission: Epidemiological Review, Screening Protocols and Prevention Mechanisms 疟疾输血传播:流行病学综述、筛查方案和预防机制
Pub Date : 2021-07-28 DOI: 10.37871/jbres1288
M. M. Ferreira-Silva, Aline Menezes Carlos, Gláucia Aparecida Domingos Resende
Malaria is a neglected tropical disease, whose main form of transmission occurs through the bite of the female Anopheles mosquito infected by the parasite Plasmodium sp. Its clinical symptoms range from asymptomatic cases to more severe and fatal conditions. Added to this natural transmission mechanism, many studies report that Malaria is one of the main infectious diseases transmitted by transfusion. There are reports of prevalence among blood donors in the five continents, with the highest number of cases in Africa, Asia and South America, regions of high endemicity. Factors such as the high prevalence rate of asymptomatic malaria carriers, as well as deficient regulation in the screening of blood donors and an ineffective hemovigilance policy make the risk of Transfusion-Transmitted Malaria (TTM) worse, exposing millions of people possible contamination by transfusion, especially in underdeveloped countries. Patients with underlying diseases or immunosuppressed who require polytransfusions are the most susceptible to TTM. After an eventual transfusion of bags contaminated by Plasmodium sp, these patients can develop the most severe form of the disease, presenting high-risk clinical complications that can culminate in fatal outcomes. In view of the facts and aiming at greater transfusion safety, it is observed that stricter regulatory policies aimed at preventing TTM are needed; such policies will be more comprehensive if coordinated by the World Health Organization (WHO) and more effective if they are adequate to the reality of endemic and non-endemic countries. In blood banks, control measures should focus mainly on broad serological coverage with high performance tests, in addition to active hemovigilance programs and encouragement of research and implementation of methods of inactivation of pathogens in blood component bags. Given the above, this study was carried out with the aim of providing knowledge of the current panorama of the prevalence of malaria among blood donors and of documented cases of TTM around the world, as well as demonstrating the disease tracking methodologies in use in different countries, and present possibilities for adopting mechanisms that allow better control of the transfusional transmission of malaria in blood banks.
疟疾是一种被忽视的热带疾病,其主要传播方式是通过受疟原虫感染的雌性按蚊叮咬。其临床症状从无症状病例到更严重和致命的病症不等。除了这种自然传播机制外,许多研究报告称疟疾是输血传播的主要传染病之一。据报告,五大洲的献血者中都有该病的流行,其中非洲、亚洲和南美洲的高流行区域的病例数最多。无症状疟疾携带者的高流行率、献血者筛查方面的监管不足以及无效的血液警戒政策等因素使输血传播疟疾(TTM)的风险加剧,使数百万人可能受到输血污染,特别是在不发达国家。有基础疾病或需要多次输血的免疫抑制患者最容易发生TTM。在最终输入被疟原虫污染的袋子后,这些患者可能会患上最严重的疾病,出现高风险的临床并发症,最终导致死亡。鉴于事实和旨在提高输血安全,可以观察到,需要更严格的监管政策,旨在防止TTM;如果这些政策得到世界卫生组织(卫生组织)的协调,它们将更加全面;如果这些政策适合流行病国家和非流行病国家的现实,它们将更加有效。在血库中,除了积极的血液警戒计划和鼓励研究和实施血液成分袋中病原体灭活方法外,控制措施应主要集中在广泛的血清学覆盖和高性能检测上。鉴于上述情况,开展这项研究的目的是了解目前献血者中疟疾流行的全貌和世界各地记录在案的疟疾感染病例,并展示不同国家使用的疾病跟踪方法,并提出采取机制更好地控制血库中疟疾输血传播的可能性。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of Temperature Gradient of Grain Storage on Migration and Distribution of Three Pests 储粮温度梯度对3种害虫迁移分布的影响
Pub Date : 2021-07-28 DOI: 10.37871/jbres1289
Zhenya Mu, Jin Wang, Yan Zhang, X. Qi, Li Li, Jinying Chen
Temperature gradients were set at the opposite sides of the grain storage: 25°C-30°C, 20°C-30°C, 20°C-35°C, 30°C-30°C. The migration and distribution of imago of Sitophilus oryzae, Rhizopertha dominica and Tribolium castaneum in the grain storage were observed. The results showed significant differences that the distribution trends of imago of Sitophilus oryzae, Rhizopertha dominica and Tribolium castaneum within a certain grain storage temperature gradient (p < 0.05). The temperature gradient of grain storage is 25°C-30°C. Tribolium castaneum tends to gather in the 30°C side area of grain storage, while Sitophilus oryzae has no obvious trend, while Rhizopertha dominica tends to gather in the 25°C. The temperature gradient of grain storage is 20°C-30°C. Both Tribolium castaneum and Sitophilus oryzae tend to gather in the 30°C side area of grain storage, while Rhizopertha dominica tends to gather in the 20°C. The temperature gradient of grain storage is 20°C-35°C. Tribolium castaneum, Sitophilus oryzae and Rhizopertha dominica all tend to gather in the area on the side of grain storage at 35°C. The temperature gradient of grain storage is 30°C-30°C, and there is no obvious trend for Tribolium castaneum. Rhizopertha dominica tends to gather in the 30°C area on the left side of grain storage, while Sitophilus oryzae tends to gather in the 30°C area on the right side of grain storage. After cooling down, it was found that Sitophilus oryzae tended to gather in the center of the grain storage, while the Tribolium castaneum had no obvious trend, and the Rhizopertha dominica tended to gather in the peripheral area of the grain storage.
粮库两侧设置温度梯度:25°C-30°C、20°C-30°C、20°C-35°C、30°C-30°C。观察了米象、根腐菌和木栗菌在粮库中的迁移和分布情况。结果表明,在一定的粮食贮藏温度梯度内,米象、米根腐菌和木栗腐菌的象群分布趋势差异显著(p < 0.05)。储粮温度梯度为25℃~ 30℃。稻瘟病菌倾向于在粮库30℃侧区聚集,米象菌没有明显的聚集趋势,而根腐菌倾向于在25℃侧区聚集。储粮温度梯度为20℃~ 30℃。稻瘟病菌(Tribolium castaneum)和米象菌(Sitophilus oryzae)都倾向于在粮库30℃侧区聚集,而根腐菌(Rhizopertha dominica)则倾向于在20℃侧区聚集。储粮温度梯度为20℃~ 35℃。35℃条件下,粮仓侧区域有木栗虫、米象虫和根腐虫聚集的趋势。粮食贮藏温度梯度为30℃~ 30℃,芒草贮藏趋势不明显。根opertha dominica倾向于聚集在粮库左侧30℃区域,Sitophilus oryzae倾向于聚集在粮库右侧30℃区域。降温后发现,米象属(Sitophilus oryzae)倾向于在粮库中心聚集,而木犀属(Tribolium castaneum)没有明显的聚集趋势,而根opertha (Rhizopertha dominica)倾向于在粮库外围聚集。
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引用次数: 1
Air Pollution COVID-19 and Forensic Implications 空气污染- COVID-19及其法医影响
Pub Date : 2021-07-24 DOI: 10.37871/jbres1284
M. Luisetto, Naseer Al-Mukthar
COVID-19 and the new variant are a classic example of viral and environmental toxicology link. Observing literature related spread velocity and diffusion of this respiratory virus it is clear the role played by air pollution. The high rate of this environmental pollutant produced a worsening factors that increased mortality rate also.
COVID-19及其新变种是病毒与环境毒理学联系的经典例子。观察有关该呼吸道病毒传播速度和扩散的文献,可以清楚地看到空气污染在其中所起的作用。这种环境污染物的高含量也产生了增加死亡率的恶化因素。
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引用次数: 0
Modelling Insight to Ball Eyes for Higher Dimensional Hyperspace Vision 高维超空间视觉球眼建模洞察
Pub Date : 2021-07-23 DOI: 10.37871/jbres1283
Md. Sadique Shaikh
To understand this complicated conceptual idea let me begin first with the definition of VISION and then after DIMENSIONS. The Vision is ability to acquire surrounding with input light, shapes, places, color to brain to create animated CONSCIOUSNESS in the help of Brain call Observable Life, Planet, Universe and Multiverse. Equally Vision also important to grow Brain Intelligence and Control to enhance, develop and shape planet earth and at present observable Universe. Now I would like to define term Dimensions as the ability of Eyes to scan surrounding available Vision with Left, Right, Top, Bottom, Reflection, Rotation, Transformation, Spinning and Diagonal with all possible angles and geometry and provide data to Brain to create high definition Consciousness of environment, planet, universe and multiverse....
为了理解这个复杂的概念,让我先从VISION的定义开始,然后是DIMENSIONS。视觉是通过向大脑输入光线、形状、位置、颜色来获取周围环境的能力,从而在大脑的帮助下创造出生动的意识,这种意识被称为可观察的生命、行星、宇宙和多元宇宙。同样,视觉对于大脑智能和控制的发展也很重要,以增强、发展和塑造地球和目前可观测的宇宙。现在,我想将术语维度定义为眼睛扫描周围可用视觉的能力,包括左,右,上,下,反射,旋转,变换,旋转和对角线,所有可能的角度和几何形状,并向大脑提供数据,以创建环境,行星,宇宙和多元宇宙的高清意识....
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of biomedical research & environmental sciences
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