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Intraperitoneally injected d11-11(12)-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid is rapidly incorporated and esterified within rat plasma and peripheral tissues but not the brain 腹腔注射的 d11-11(12)-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid 可在大鼠血浆和外周组织中迅速结合和酯化,但不会在大脑中结合和酯化
IF 3 Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2024.102622
Sho Watanabe , Felipe Da Costa Souza , Ibuki Kusumoto , Qing Shen , Nitin Nitin , Pamela J. Lein , Ameer Y. Taha

Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EpETrEs) are bioactive lipid mediators of arachidonic acid cytochrome P450 oxidation. In vivo, the free (unbound) form of EpETrEs regulate multiple processes including blood flow, angiogenesis and inflammation resolution. Free EpETrEs are thought to rapidly degrade via soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH); yet, in many tissues, the majority of EpETrEs are esterified to complex lipids (e.g. phospholipids) suggesting that esterification may play a major role in regulating free, bioactive EpETrE levels. This hypothesis was tested by quantifying the metabolism of intraperitoneally injected free d11-11(12)-Epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (d11-11(12)-EpETrE) in male and female rats. Plasma and tissues (liver, adipose and brain) were obtained 3 to 4 min later and assayed for d11-11(12)-EpETrE and its sEH metabolite, d11-11,12-dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acid (d11-11,12-diHETrE) in both the free and esterified lipid fractions. In both males and females, the majority of injected tracer was recovered in liver followed by plasma and adipose. No tracer was detected in the brain, indicating that brain levels are maintained by endogenous synthesis from precursor fatty acids. In plasma, liver, and adipose, the majority (>54 %) of d11-11(12)-EpETrE was found esterified to phospholipids or neutral lipids (triglycerides and cholesteryl esters). sEH-derived d11-11,12-diHETrE was not detected in plasma or tissues, suggesting negligible conversion within the 3–4 min period post tracer injection. This study shows that esterification is the main pathway regulating free 11(12)-EpETrE levels in vivo.

环二十碳三烯酸(EpETrEs)是花生四烯酸细胞色素 P450 氧化的生物活性脂质介质。在体内,游离(非结合)形式的 EpETrEs 可调节多个过程,包括血流、血管生成和炎症消退。游离的 EpETrEs 被认为会通过可溶性环氧化物水解酶(sEH)迅速降解;然而,在许多组织中,大部分 EpETrEs 被酯化到复杂的脂质(如磷脂)中,这表明酯化可能在调节游离的生物活性 EpETrE 水平方面发挥着重要作用。我们通过量化雄性和雌性大鼠腹腔注射游离 d11-11(12)-Epoxyeicosatrienoic acid(d11-11(12)-EpETrE)的新陈代谢来验证这一假设。3-4 分钟后采集血浆和组织(肝脏、脂肪和大脑),检测游离和酯化脂质组分中的 d11-11(12)-EpETrE 及其 sEH 代谢物 d11-11,12-二羟基二十碳三烯酸 (d11-11,12-diHETrE)。在男性和女性体内,注射的示踪剂大部分在肝脏中回收,其次是血浆和脂肪。大脑中未检测到示踪剂,这表明大脑中的示踪剂水平是通过前体脂肪酸的内源性合成来维持的。在血浆、肝脏和脂肪中,大部分(54%)d11-11(12)-EpETrE 被酯化为磷脂或中性脂质(甘油三酯和胆固醇酯)。这项研究表明,酯化是调节体内游离 11(12)-EpETrE 水平的主要途径。
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引用次数: 0
APOE genotype, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) supplementation and n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acid (HUFA) levels in patients with multiple colorectal polyps: A secondary analysis of the seAFOod polyp prevention trial 多发性结直肠息肉患者的 APOE 基因型、二十碳五烯酸 (EPA) 补充剂和 n-3 高度不饱和脂肪酸 (HUFA) 水平:seAFOod息肉预防试验的二次分析。
IF 3 Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2024.102623
Ge Sun , John R. Davies , Tracey Mell , Mark Harland , Rasha M.H. Saleh , Amanda D. Race , Paul M. Loadman , Elizabeth A. Williams , Anne Marie Minihane , Mark A. Hull

Introduction

We examined the relationship between Apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype and n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acid (HUFA) levels in participants of the seAFOod trial, who were undergoing colonoscopy surveillance after removal of colorectal polyps.

Methods

Baseline and on-treatment (eicosapentaenoic acid [EPA] 2 g daily or placebo for 6 months) levels of n-3 HUFAs, and plasma 18-hydroxyeicosapentaenoic acid (HEPE), were analysed according to APOE genotype (based on polymorphisms rs429358 and rs7412) in 584 participants.

Results

Before treatment, APOE2/2 individuals had lower levels, and APOE4/4 participants had higher levels, of n-3 HUFAs, including EPA, than APOE3/3 counterparts (P < 0.01 for the APOE2/2 versus APOE4/4 comparison). After EPA supplementation, n-3 HUFA levels were not significantly different when stratified by APOE genotype, although APOE4 carriers displayed lower plasma 18-HEPE levels than individuals without an APOE4 allele (P = 0.002).

Conclusions

APOE genotype is associated with differential n-3 HUFA and 18-HEPE levels in individuals with multiple colorectal polyps.

简介我们研究了seAFOod试验参与者的载脂蛋白E(APOE)基因型与n-3高度不饱和脂肪酸(HUFA)水平之间的关系:根据 584 名参与者的 APOE 基因型(基于多态性 rs429358 和 rs7412)分析了 n-3 HUFAs 和血浆 18-hydroxyeicosapentaenoic acid (HEPE) 的基线水平和治疗期间(每天 2 克二十碳五烯酸 [EPA] 或 6 个月安慰剂)的水平:治疗前,与 APOE3/3 基因型的人相比,APOE2/2 基因型的人体内 n-3 HUFAs(包括 EPA)的含量较低,而 APOE4/4 基因型的人体内 n-3 HUFAs(包括 EPA)的含量较高(APOE2/2 与 APOE4/4 基因型的比较,P < 0.01)。补充 EPA 后,按 APOE 基因型分层,n-3 HUFA 水平没有显著差异,但 APOE4 携带者的血浆 18-HEPE 水平低于没有 APOE4 等位基因的个体(P = 0.002):结论:APOE 基因型与多发性结直肠息肉患者的 n-3 HUFA 和 18-HEPE 水平差异有关。
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引用次数: 0
The association between plasma trans-fatty acids level and migraine: A cross-sectional study from NHANES 1999–2000 血浆反式脂肪酸水平与偏头痛之间的关系:美国国家健康调查(NHANES)1999-2000 年横断面研究。
IF 3 Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2024.102624
Kai Yao, Heng-bing Zu

Objectives

Trans-fatty acid (TFA) has been linked to an increased risk of a variety of diseases, such as cardiovascular disease (CVD), diabetes, and cancer. However, the relationship between plasma TFAs and migraine is little known. The current study aimed to determine the association between plasma TFAs and migraine in a large cross-sectional study among U.S. adults.

Methods

The participants from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were included during the period 1999-2000. The plasma concentrations of four major TFAs, including palmitelaidic acid (C16:1n-7t), elaidic acid (C18:1n-9t), vaccenic acid (C18:1n-7t), and linolelaidic acid (C18:2n-6t, 9t) were measured by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The presence of migraine headache was determined by self-report questionnaire. Weighted multivariable logistic regressions and restricted cubic spline (RCS) regressions were explored to assess the relationship between plasma TFAs and migraine. Furthermore, stratified analysis and testing of interaction terms were used to evaluate the effect modification by sex, age, race/ethnicity, family income, and BMI.

Results

A total of 1534 participants were included. The overall weighted prevalence of severe headache or migraine was 21.2 %. After adjusting for all potential covariates, plasma levels of elaidic acid and linolelaidic acid were positively associated with migraine. The adjusted OR values were 1.18 (95 %CI: 1.08-1.29, p=0.014, per 10 units increase) and 1.24 (95 %CI: 1.07-1.44, p=0.024). Then the included participants were divided into 2-quantiles by plasma TFA levels. Compared with participants with lower plasma levels of elaidic acid and linolelaidic acid (Q1 groups), those in the Q2 group had a higher prevalence of migraine when adjusted for all covariates in Model 2. The adjusted OR values were 2.43 (95 %CI: 1.14-5.18, p=0.037) for elaidic acid, and 2.18 (95 %CI: 1.14-4.20, p=0.036) for linolelaidic acid. Results were robust when analyses were stratified by sex, age, race/ethnicity, family income, and BMI, and no effect modification on the association was found.

Conclusions

Our results demonstrated a positive association between migraine prevalence and plasma levels of elaidic acid and linolelaidic acid in US adults. These results highlight the connection between circulating TFAs and migraine.

目的:反式脂肪酸(TFA)与心血管疾病(CVD)、糖尿病和癌症等多种疾病的风险增加有关。然而,血浆反式脂肪酸与偏头痛之间的关系却鲜为人知。本研究旨在通过一项针对美国成年人的大型横断面研究,确定血浆反式脂肪酸与偏头痛之间的关系:方法:1999-2000 年期间,美国国家健康与营养调查(NHANES)的参与者被纳入研究范围。采用气相色谱/质谱法(GC/MS)测量了血浆中四种主要反式脂肪酸的浓度,包括棕榈酸(C16:1n-7t)、薏苡仁酸(C18:1n-9t)、疫苗酸(C18:1n-7t)和亚油酸(C18:2n-6t, 9t)。是否患有偏头痛由自我报告问卷确定。通过加权多变量逻辑回归和限制性三次样条(RCS)回归来评估血浆反式脂肪酸与偏头痛之间的关系。此外,还采用了分层分析和交互项检验来评估性别、年龄、种族/民族、家庭收入和体重指数的效应修正:结果:共纳入 1534 名参与者。严重头痛或偏头痛的总体加权患病率为 21.2%。在对所有潜在的协变量进行调整后,血浆中的艾拉二酸和亚油酸水平与偏头痛呈正相关。调整后的OR值分别为1.18(95 %CI:1.08-1.29,p=0.014,每增加10个单位)和1.24(95 %CI:1.07-1.44,p=0.024)。然后,按血浆反式脂肪酸水平将纳入的参与者分为 2 个等位组。与血浆中艾来酸和亚油酸水平较低的参与者(Q1组)相比,在模型2中对所有协变量进行调整后,Q2组的偏头痛发病率更高。调整后的OR值为:氨来酸为2.43(95 %CI:1.14-5.18,p=0.037),亚油酸为2.18(95 %CI:1.14-4.20,p=0.036)。按性别、年龄、种族/民族、家庭收入和体重指数进行分层分析后,结果是稳健的,没有发现对相关性的影响修正:我们的研究结果表明,在美国成年人中,偏头痛发病率与血浆中的氨乙酸和亚油酸水平呈正相关。这些结果突显了循环中反式脂肪酸与偏头痛之间的联系。
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引用次数: 0
Prostaglandin E2 affects mitochondrial function in adult mouse cardiomyocytes and hearts 前列腺素 E2 影响成年小鼠心肌细胞和心脏的线粒体功能
IF 3 Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2024.102614
Timothy D. Bryson , Matthew Zurek , Carlin Moore , David Taube , Indrani Datta , Albert Levin , Pamela Harding

Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) signals differently through 4 receptor subtypes (EP1-EP4) to elicit diverse physiologic/pathologic effects. We previously reported that PGE2 via its EP3 receptor reduces cardiac contractility and male mice with cardiomyocyte-specific deletion of the EP4 receptor (EP4 KO) develop dilated cardiomyopathy. The aim of this study was to identify pathways responsible for this phenotype. We performed ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) and found that genes differentiating WT mice and EP4 KO mice were significantly overrepresented in mitochondrial (adj. p value = 6.28 × 10−26) and oxidative phosphorylation (adj. p value = 1.58 × 10−27) pathways. Electron microscopy from the EP4 KO hearts show substantial mitochondrial disarray and disordered cristae. Not surprisingly, isolated adult mouse cardiomyocytes (AVM) from these mice have reduced ATP levels compared to their WT littermates and reduced expression of key genes involved in the electron transport chain (ETC) in older mice. Moreover, treatment of AVM from C57Bl/6 mice with PGE2 or the EP3 agonist sulprostone resulted in changes of various genes involved in the ETC, measured by the Mitochondrial Energy Metabolism RT2-profiler assay. Lastly, the EP4 KO mice have reduced expression of superoxide dismuatse-2 (SOD2), whereas treatment of AVM with PGE2 or sulprostone increase superoxide production, suggesting increased oxidative stress levels in these EP4 KO mice. Altogether the current study supports the premise that PGE2 acting via its EP4 receptor is protective, while signaling through its other receptors, likely EP3, is deleterious.

前列腺素 E2(PGE2)通过 4 种受体亚型(EP1-EP4)发出不同的信号,从而引起不同的生理/病理效应。我们以前曾报道过,PGE2 通过其 EP3 受体可降低心脏收缩力,而心肌细胞特异性缺失 EP4 受体(EP4 KO)的雄性小鼠会发生扩张型心肌病。本研究旨在确定导致这种表型的通路。我们进行了巧妙通路分析(IPA),发现区分 WT 小鼠和 EP4 KO 小鼠的基因在线粒体(adj. p 值 = 6.28 × 10-26)和氧化磷酸化(adj. p 值 = 1.58 × 10-27)通路中的代表性明显偏高。EP4 KO 心脏的电子显微镜显示线粒体严重混乱,嵴无序。不足为奇的是,与 WT 同代小鼠相比,这些小鼠的离体成鼠心肌细胞(AVM)的 ATP 水平降低,参与老龄小鼠电子传递链(ETC)的关键基因表达减少。此外,用 PGE2 或 EP3 激动剂 sulprostone 处理 C57Bl/6 小鼠的 AVM 会导致参与 ETC 的各种基因发生变化,这些基因是通过线粒体能量代谢 RT2-profiler 试验测定的。最后,EP4 KO 小鼠的超氧化物歧化酶-2(SOD2)表达减少,而用 PGE2 或舒前列通处理 AVM 会增加超氧化物的产生,这表明这些 EP4 KO 小鼠的氧化应激水平升高。总之,目前的研究支持这样一个前提,即 PGE2 通过其 EP4 受体起保护作用,而通过其他受体(可能是 EP3)发出的信号则是有害的。
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引用次数: 0
The effects of parenteral fish oil on neurodevelopment in preterm infants: A narrative review 肠外鱼油对早产儿神经发育的影响:叙述性综述。
IF 3 Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2024.102620
N Ikeda , E Shepherd , M Makrides , A J McPhee , RA Gibson , JF Gould

Objective

This narrative review aimed to summarize studies assessing the effects of parenteral fish oil on neurodevelopment in preterm infants.

Methods

PubMed was searched (July 1985 to October 2023). We reviewed randomized controlled trials, and observational studies assessing intravenous lipid emulsion with fish oil in preterm infants (born less than 37 weeks’ gestation), that reported long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes.

Results

We identified four publications relating to three randomized controlled trials in addition to four cohort studies. Study designs and outcomes were heterogenous and precluded meta-analyses. Results of trials were null for a selection of neurodevelopmental outcomes, however possible benefits of parenteral fish oil supplementation for neurodevelopment was reported in three cohort studies. Certainty of the evidence is hindered by methodological limitations of available trials and observational studies.

Conclusions

Further research is required to firmly establish the effects of parenteral fish oil on preterm neurodevelopment.

目的:本综述旨在总结评估肠外鱼油对早产儿神经发育影响的研究:本叙述性综述旨在总结评估肠外鱼油对早产儿神经发育影响的研究:检索了 PubMed(1985 年 7 月至 2023 年 10 月)。我们回顾了随机对照试验和观察性研究,这些研究评估了静脉注射鱼油脂质乳剂对早产儿(妊娠不足 37 周)神经发育的长期影响:我们发现了四篇出版物,涉及三项随机对照试验和四项队列研究。研究设计和结果各不相同,因此无法进行荟萃分析。部分神经发育结果的试验结果为零,但有三项队列研究报告了肠外补充鱼油可能对神经发育有益。现有试验和观察性研究在方法上的局限性妨碍了证据的确定性:结论:要确定肠外鱼油对早产儿神经发育的影响,还需要进一步的研究。
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引用次数: 0
Alterations in the pro-resolving lipid mediator machinery within first trimester maternal tissue: Implications in decidualization and miscarriage risk 妊娠头三个月母体组织中的促溶解脂质介质机制的变化:对蜕膜化和流产风险的影响
IF 3 Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2024.102619
Luísa G. Sousa , Patrícia Alves , Natércia Teixeira , Georgina Correia-da-Silva , Bruno M. Fonseca

A pivotal event in uterine receptivity and human reproduction is the differentiation of endometrial stromal cells into decidual cells, known as decidualization. Decidualization is interlinked with its inflammatory environment. Our study aimed to investigate the presence and role of pro-resolving lipid mediators in first trimester maternal tissue. We assessed the levels of LXA4 and RvD1, along with their metabolic LOX enzymes, in elective (control) and sporadic miscarriage samples. We investigated the effects of LXA4 and RvD1 on decidualization using primary endometrial stromal cells and the immortalized endometrial stromal St-T1b cell line. The upregulation of 12- and 15-LOX expression was observed in pregnancy tissue after sporadic miscarriage, suggesting an inflammatory imbalance. Furthermore, incubation with these lipid mediators led to a decrease in decidualization biomarkers PRL and IGFBP-1, accompanied by morphological changes indicative of aberrant differentiation. The expression of LOX enzymes in decidual natural killer cells suggests their involvement in regulating the inflammatory surroundings and the extent of decidualization.

子宫受孕和人类生殖的一个关键事件是子宫内膜基质细胞分化为蜕膜细胞,即蜕膜化。蜕膜化与其炎症环境相互关联。我们的研究旨在调查促进蜕膜化的脂质介质在妊娠头三个月母体组织中的存在和作用。我们评估了选择性流产(对照组)和散发性流产样本中 LXA4 和 RvD1 及其代谢 LOX 酶的水平。我们利用原代子宫内膜基质细胞和永生化子宫内膜基质 St-T1b 细胞系研究了 LXA4 和 RvD1 对蜕膜化的影响。在散发性流产后的妊娠组织中观察到 12-LOX 和 15-LOX 表达上调,这表明炎症失衡。此外,与这些脂质介质一起孵育会导致蜕膜化生物标志物 PRL 和 IGFBP-1 的减少,并伴随着表明异常分化的形态学变化。LOX酶在蜕膜自然杀伤细胞中的表达表明,它们参与了炎症环境和蜕膜化程度的调节。
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引用次数: 0
Linoleic acid blunts early osteoblast differentiation and impairs oxidative phosphorylation in vitro 亚油酸阻碍早期成骨细胞分化并损害体外氧化磷酸化
IF 3 Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2024.102617
Paula-Dene C. Nesbeth , Thomas R. Ziegler , Ashish Kumar Tripathi , Sadaf Dabeer , Daiana Weiss , Li Hao , Matthew R. Smith , Dean P. Jones , Kristal M. Maner-Smith , Chia-Ling Tu , Wenhan Chang , M. Neale Weitzmann , Jessica A. Alvarez

Background

Linoleic acid (LNA), an essential polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), plays a crucial role in cellular functions. However, excessive intake of LNA, characteristic of Western diets, can have detrimental effects on cells and organs. Human observational studies have shown an inverse relationship between plasma LNA concentrations and bone mineral density. The mechanism by which LNA impairs the skeleton is unclear, and there is a paucity of research on the effects of LNA on bone-forming osteoblasts.

Methods

The effect of LNA on osteoblast differentiation, cellular bioenergetics, and production of oxidized PUFA metabolites in vitro, was studied using primary mouse bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC) and MC3T3-E1 osteoblast precursors.

Results

LNA treatment decreased alkaline phosphatase activity, an early marker of osteoblast differentiation, but had no effect on committed osteoblasts or on mineralization by differentiated osteoblasts. LNA suppressed osteoblast commitment by blunting the expression of Runx2 and Osterix, key transcription factors involved in osteoblast differentiation, and other key osteoblast-related factors involved in bone formation. LNA treatment was associated with increased production of oxidized LNA- and arachidonic acid-derived metabolites and blunted oxidative phosphorylation, resulting in decreased ATP production.

Conclusion

Our results show that LNA inhibited early differentiation of osteoblasts and this inhibitory effect was associated with increased production of oxidized PUFA metabolites that likely impaired energy production via oxidative phosphorylation.

背景亚油酸(LNA)是一种必需的多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA),在细胞功能中发挥着至关重要的作用。然而,摄入过量的 LNA(西方饮食的特点)会对细胞和器官产生有害影响。人体观察研究表明,血浆中 LNA 的浓度与骨矿物质密度之间存在反比关系。方法使用小鼠骨髓基质细胞(BMSC)和 MC3T3-E1 成骨细胞前体研究 LNA 对成骨细胞分化、细胞生物能和体外氧化 PUFA 代谢产物产生的影响。结果 LNA处理可降低碱性磷酸酶活性(成骨细胞分化的早期标志物),但对已形成的成骨细胞或已分化的成骨细胞的矿化没有影响。LNA 通过抑制参与成骨细胞分化的关键转录因子 Runx2 和 Osterix 以及参与骨形成的其他关键成骨细胞相关因子的表达来抑制成骨细胞的承诺。结论我们的研究结果表明,LNA 抑制了成骨细胞的早期分化,这种抑制作用与氧化的 PUFA 代谢产物的产生增加有关,而氧化的 PUFA 代谢产物可能会损害通过氧化磷酸化产生的能量。
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引用次数: 0
Long chain monomethyl branched-chain fatty acid levels in human milk vary with gestational weight gain 母乳中的长链单甲基支链脂肪酸含量随妊娠体重的增加而变化。
IF 3 Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2024.102607
Aifric O'Sullivan , Emer Brady , Lucy Lafferty , Fiona O'Shea , Zoe O'Regan , Noah Meurs , Michelle Baldini , Jivani Gengatharan , Christian M. Metallo , Martina Wallace

Breastfeeding is an important determinant of infant health and there is immense interest in understanding its metabolite composition so that key beneficial components can be identified. The aim of this research was to measure the fatty acid composition of human milk in an Irish cohort where we examined changes depending on lactation stage and gestational weight gain trajectory. Utilizing a chromatography approach optimal for isomer separation, we identified 44 individual fatty acid species via GCMS and showed that monomethyl branched-chain fatty acids(mmBCFA's), C15:0 and C16:1 are lower in women with excess gestational weight gain versus low gestational weight gain. To further explore the potential contribution of the activity of endogenous metabolic pathways to levels of these fatty acids in milk, we administered D2O to C57BL/6J dams fed a purified lard based high fat diet (HFD) or low-fat diet during gestation and quantified the total and de novo synthesized levels of fatty acids in their milk. We found that de novo synthesis over three days can account for between 10 and 50 % of mmBCFAs in milk from dams on the low-fat diet dependent on the branched-chain fatty acid species. However, HFD fed mice had significantly decreased de novo synthesized fatty acids in milk resulting in lower total mmBCFAs and medium chain fatty acid levels. Overall, our findings highlight the diverse fatty acid composition of human milk and that human milk mmBCFA levels differ between gestational weight gain phenotypes. In addition, our data indicates that de novo synthesis contributes to mmBCFA levels in mice milk and thus may also be a contributory factor to mmBCFA levels in human milk. Given emerging data indicating mmBCFAs may be beneficial components of milk, this study contributes to our knowledge around the phenotypic factors that may impact their levels.

母乳喂养是婴儿健康的一个重要决定因素,人们对了解母乳中的代谢物组成有着浓厚的兴趣,因为这样才能确定母乳中的主要有益成分。这项研究的目的是测量爱尔兰队列中人乳的脂肪酸组成,研究哺乳阶段和妊娠体重增加轨迹的变化。利用最适合异构体分离的色谱法,我们通过气相色谱-质谱联用仪(GCMS)鉴定了 44 种脂肪酸,结果表明,妊娠体重增加过多的妇女与妊娠体重增加过少的妇女相比,单甲基支链脂肪酸(mmBCFA)、C15:0 和 C16:1 的含量较低。为了进一步探讨内源性代谢途径的活性对乳汁中这些脂肪酸水平的潜在贡献,我们在妊娠期间给以纯化猪油为基础的高脂饮食(HFD)或低脂饮食的 C57BL/6J 母鼠喂食了 D2O,并对其乳汁中脂肪酸的总含量和从头合成含量进行了量化。我们发现,根据支链脂肪酸种类的不同,三天内从头合成的脂肪酸可占低脂饮食母鼠乳汁中 mmBCFA 的 10% 到 50%。然而,高脂饮食喂养的小鼠乳汁中从头合成的脂肪酸明显减少,导致总的 mmBCFA 和中链脂肪酸水平降低。总之,我们的研究结果突显了母乳中脂肪酸组成的多样性,以及不同妊娠体重增加表型的母乳中 mmBCFA 水平的差异。此外,我们的数据还表明,小鼠乳汁中的 mmBCFA 含量与新合成有关,因此也可能是影响母乳中 mmBCFA 含量的一个因素。鉴于新出现的数据表明 mmBCFA 可能是牛奶中的有益成分,这项研究有助于我们了解可能影响其含量的表型因素。
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引用次数: 0
Lipidomic profiling of Drosophila strains Canton-S and white1118 reveals intraspecific lipid variations in basal metabolic rate 果蝇品系Canton-S和white1118的脂质组图谱分析揭示了基础代谢率的种内脂质差异
IF 3 Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2024.102618
Victor Mendoza-Grimau , Antonio Pérez-Gálvez , Ana Busturia , Javier Fontecha

Drosophila melanogaster is a well-established model system for studies on lipid metabolism and energy homeostasis. In this study, we identified and quantified the main components of the lipid profile of two widely utilized Drosophila strains, namely Canton-S and white1118, under identical experimental conditions. Differences observed between the strains can be attributed to inherent metabolic divergences, thus limiting the influence of confounding factors. Using the comprehensive lipid data acquired, we applied cluster analysis and PLS-DA techniques to ascertain whether the lipidome could effectively differentiate between the strains. Certain lipid features, such as triacylglycerols, polar lipids, and specific sterol components, could be distinguished between flies of both strains regardless of sex. Our results suggest that although Canton-S and white1118 have similar lipid profiles and distributions, a selected subset of lipids demonstrates clear discriminatory potential between strains, thereby bearing significant implications for planning biological studies using these strains as control references.

黑腹果蝇是研究脂质代谢和能量平衡的成熟模式系统。在本研究中,我们在相同的实验条件下鉴定并量化了两种广泛使用的果蝇品系(即 Canton-S 和 white1118)脂质谱的主要成分。观察到的品系间差异可归因于内在代谢差异,从而限制了混杂因素的影响。利用获得的全面脂质数据,我们采用聚类分析和 PLS-DA 技术来确定脂质组是否能有效区分不同的菌株。某些脂质特征,如三酰甘油、极性脂质和特定固醇成分,可以在两种品系的苍蝇之间进行区分,而与性别无关。我们的研究结果表明,虽然Canton-S和white1118具有相似的脂质特征和分布,但所选的部分脂质具有明显的区分品系的潜力,因此对规划使用这些品系作为对照参考的生物学研究具有重要意义。
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引用次数: 0
Enteral supplementation with arachidonic and docosahexaenoic acid and pulmonary outcome in extremely preterm infants 肠内补充花生四烯酸和二十二碳六烯酸与极早产儿的肺部预后。
IF 3 Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2024.102613
Dirk Wackernagel , Anders K. Nilsson , Ulrika Sjöbom , Ann Hellström , Susanna Klevebro , Ingrid Hansen-Pupp

Enteral supplementation with arachidonic acid (AA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in extremely preterm infants has shown beneficial effects on retinopathy of prematurity and pulmonary outcome whereas exclusive DHA supplementation has been associated with increased pulmonary morbidity. This secondary analysis evaluates pulmonary outcome in 204 extremely preterm infants, randomized to receive AA (100 mg/kg/day) and DHA (50 mg/kg/day) enterally from birth until term age or standard care. Pulmonary morbidity was primarily assessed based on severity of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Serum levels of AA and DHA during the first 28 days were analysed in relation to BPD. Supplementation with AA:DHA was not associated with increased BPD severity, adjusted OR 1.48 (95 % CI 0.85–2.61), nor with increased need for respiratory support at post menstrual age 36 weeks or duration of oxygen supplementation. Every 1 % increase in AA was associated with a reduction of BPD severity, adjusted OR 0.73 (95 % CI 0.58–0.92). In conclusion, in this study, with limited statistical power, enteral supplementation with AA:DHA was not associated with an increased risk of pulmonary morbidity, but higher levels of AA were associated with less severe BPD. Whether AA or the combination of AA and DHA have beneficial roles in the immature lung needs further research.

给极早产儿肠内补充花生四烯酸(AA)和二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)对早产儿视网膜病变和肺功能有好处,而只补充 DHA 则会增加肺部发病率。这项二次分析评估了 204 名极度早产儿的肺部预后,这些婴儿从出生到足月随机接受 AA(100 毫克/千克/天)和 DHA(50 毫克/千克/天)肠道补充或标准护理。肺部发病率主要根据支气管肺发育不良(BPD)的严重程度进行评估。分析了头 28 天血清中 AA 和 DHA 水平与 BPD 的关系。补充 AA:DHA 与 BPD 严重程度的增加无关(调整 OR 为 1.48(95 % CI 为 0.85-2.61)),也与月龄后 36 周时呼吸支持需求的增加或补充氧气的持续时间无关。AA 每增加 1%,BPD 的严重程度就会降低,调整 OR 为 0.73(95 % CI 为 0.58-0.92)。总之,在这项统计能力有限的研究中,肠道补充 AA:DHA 与肺部发病风险的增加无关,但 AA 水平越高,BPD 的严重程度越低。AA 或 AA 和 DHA 的组合是否对未成熟肺部有益还需要进一步研究。
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引用次数: 0
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Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids
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