Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2024.102613
Dirk Wackernagel , Anders K. Nilsson , Ulrika Sjöbom , Ann Hellström , Susanna Klevebro , Ingrid Hansen-Pupp
Enteral supplementation with arachidonic acid (AA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in extremely preterm infants has shown beneficial effects on retinopathy of prematurity and pulmonary outcome whereas exclusive DHA supplementation has been associated with increased pulmonary morbidity. This secondary analysis evaluates pulmonary outcome in 204 extremely preterm infants, randomized to receive AA (100 mg/kg/day) and DHA (50 mg/kg/day) enterally from birth until term age or standard care. Pulmonary morbidity was primarily assessed based on severity of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Serum levels of AA and DHA during the first 28 days were analysed in relation to BPD. Supplementation with AA:DHA was not associated with increased BPD severity, adjusted OR 1.48 (95 % CI 0.85–2.61), nor with increased need for respiratory support at post menstrual age 36 weeks or duration of oxygen supplementation. Every 1 % increase in AA was associated with a reduction of BPD severity, adjusted OR 0.73 (95 % CI 0.58–0.92). In conclusion, in this study, with limited statistical power, enteral supplementation with AA:DHA was not associated with an increased risk of pulmonary morbidity, but higher levels of AA were associated with less severe BPD. Whether AA or the combination of AA and DHA have beneficial roles in the immature lung needs further research.
给极早产儿肠内补充花生四烯酸(AA)和二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)对早产儿视网膜病变和肺功能有好处,而只补充 DHA 则会增加肺部发病率。这项二次分析评估了 204 名极度早产儿的肺部预后,这些婴儿从出生到足月随机接受 AA(100 毫克/千克/天)和 DHA(50 毫克/千克/天)肠道补充或标准护理。肺部发病率主要根据支气管肺发育不良(BPD)的严重程度进行评估。分析了头 28 天血清中 AA 和 DHA 水平与 BPD 的关系。补充 AA:DHA 与 BPD 严重程度的增加无关(调整 OR 为 1.48(95 % CI 为 0.85-2.61)),也与月龄后 36 周时呼吸支持需求的增加或补充氧气的持续时间无关。AA 每增加 1%,BPD 的严重程度就会降低,调整 OR 为 0.73(95 % CI 为 0.58-0.92)。总之,在这项统计能力有限的研究中,肠道补充 AA:DHA 与肺部发病风险的增加无关,但 AA 水平越高,BPD 的严重程度越低。AA 或 AA 和 DHA 的组合是否对未成熟肺部有益还需要进一步研究。
{"title":"Enteral supplementation with arachidonic and docosahexaenoic acid and pulmonary outcome in extremely preterm infants","authors":"Dirk Wackernagel , Anders K. Nilsson , Ulrika Sjöbom , Ann Hellström , Susanna Klevebro , Ingrid Hansen-Pupp","doi":"10.1016/j.plefa.2024.102613","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plefa.2024.102613","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Enteral supplementation with arachidonic acid (AA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in extremely preterm infants has shown beneficial effects on retinopathy of prematurity and pulmonary outcome whereas exclusive DHA supplementation has been associated with increased pulmonary morbidity. This secondary analysis evaluates pulmonary outcome in 204 extremely preterm infants, randomized to receive AA (100 mg/kg/day) and DHA (50 mg/kg/day) enterally from birth until term age or standard care. Pulmonary morbidity was primarily assessed based on severity of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Serum levels of AA and DHA during the first 28 days were analysed in relation to BPD. Supplementation with AA:DHA was not associated with increased BPD severity, adjusted OR 1.48 (95 % CI 0.85–2.61), nor with increased need for respiratory support at post menstrual age 36 weeks or duration of oxygen supplementation. Every 1 % increase in AA was associated with a reduction of BPD severity, adjusted OR 0.73 (95 % CI 0.58–0.92). In conclusion, in this study, with limited statistical power, enteral supplementation with AA:DHA was not associated with an increased risk of pulmonary morbidity, but higher levels of AA were associated with less severe BPD. Whether AA or the combination of AA and DHA have beneficial roles in the immature lung needs further research.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":94179,"journal":{"name":"Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0952327824000073/pdfft?md5=22466bfc1cf986149354830dde78863a&pid=1-s2.0-S0952327824000073-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139894153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2024.102615
Zhaoxiang Wang , Yiqian Yang , Fengyan Tang , Menghuan Wu
Omega-3 fatty acids are indispensable and crucial nutrients that are pivotal in promoting cardiovascular well-being, enhancing cognitive function, and regulating the body's inflammatory response. This study employed bibliometric analysis to investigate the progression of omega-3 fatty acids research. We used the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) to find articles about omega-3 fatty acids published from January 1, 2014, to December 31, 2023. The bibliometric analysis and visualization were conducted using VOSviewer and CiteSpace. This analysis contained a total of 18,764 articles that were focused on omega-3 fatty acids. Among these articles, the nations with the highest number of publications were the United States, China, and Spain. The United States held the greatest influence. The journal Nutrients had the most publications related to this search. Upon analyzing the highly referenced literature, we discovered there is ongoing debate on the potential benefits of Omega-3 fatty acids for illnesses. Moreover, the time-overlapping network analysis of keywords finds investigating the impact of omega-3 fatty acids dietary supplementation on gut microbiota is a promising area of future research. Ultimately, bibliometrics could help researchers comprehend the trajectory of development, noticeable topics, and scholarly impact within omega-3 fatty acids linked domains, thereby offering substantial backing for future investigations of greater depth.
{"title":"Recent applications and prospects of omega-3 fatty acids: A bibliometric study and visualization analysis in 2014–2023","authors":"Zhaoxiang Wang , Yiqian Yang , Fengyan Tang , Menghuan Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.plefa.2024.102615","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plefa.2024.102615","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Omega-3 fatty acids are indispensable and crucial nutrients that are pivotal in promoting cardiovascular well-being, enhancing cognitive function, and regulating the body's inflammatory response. This study employed bibliometric analysis to investigate the progression of omega-3 fatty acids research. We used the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) to find articles about omega-3 fatty acids published from January 1, 2014, to December 31, 2023. The bibliometric analysis and visualization were conducted using VOSviewer and CiteSpace. This analysis contained a total of 18,764 articles that were focused on omega-3 fatty acids. Among these articles, the nations with the highest number of publications were the United States, China, and Spain. The United States held the greatest influence. The journal Nutrients had the most publications related to this search. Upon analyzing the highly referenced literature, we discovered there is ongoing debate on the potential benefits of Omega-3 fatty acids for illnesses. Moreover, the time-overlapping network analysis of keywords finds investigating the impact of omega-3 fatty acids dietary supplementation on gut microbiota is a promising area of future research. Ultimately, bibliometrics could help researchers comprehend the trajectory of development, noticeable topics, and scholarly impact within omega-3 fatty acids linked domains, thereby offering substantial backing for future investigations of greater depth.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":94179,"journal":{"name":"Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141049143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2024.102616
D. Tobin , L.K. Midtbø , J. Mildenberger , H. Svensen , I. Stoknes
Objective: The objective of the study was to provide preliminary data on the effect of a long chain monounsaturated oil rich in cetoleic acid on the omega-3 index, a validated measure of EPA and DHA in blood cells, as well as a potential effect of the oil on skin quality.
Design: Two intervention studies were performed, each as double blinded, placebo controlled, randomised nutritional trials. The CetoIndex study (N = 55) measured omega-3 index using a blood spot collection kit (Omegaquant). The Optihud study (N = 28) measured skin quality parameters in healthy women using the VISIA system. The cetoleic-rich-oil (CRO) was an oil derived from North Atlantic fish with a predominance of long chain mono-unsaturated fatty acids including cetoleic acid (C22:1 n-11) and gondoic acid (C20:1 n-9).
Results: In a placebo-controlled study, the omega-3 index in healthy volunteers was increased similar to that seen with an oil with higher levels of omega-3 fatty acids. In a separate placebo-controlled study, the CRO reduced erythema in skin, which is a marker of inflammation.
Conclusions: The results of this pilot study suggest that the use of a CRO increases the omega-3 index more than expected from the levels of EPA and DHA in the oil. The CRO may potentially have benefits on skin inflammation.
Summary: Long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA), particularly eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), are commonly taken as dietary supplements for a range of health benefits. Other marine fatty acids may also provide health benefits and it is of interest to understand their activity. Long chain mono-unsaturated fatty acids (LCMUFA) have shown biological activity in studies of metabolic health in animal models. Here, we report two intervention studies using a fish oil with a high LCMUFA content where cetoleic acid is the predominant fatty acid (Cetoleic rich oil: CRO). In CetoIndex, a placebo-controlled study in 55 healthy volunteers, the omega-3 index increased similarly to that seen with an oil containing higher levels of omega-3 fatty acids. In Optihud, a placebo-controlled study in 28 female volunteers, the CRO reduced erythema in skin, which is a marker of inflammation. The results of this pilot study support the use of a CRO for increasing the omega-3 index with potential benefits on skin inflammation.
{"title":"The effect of fish oil rich in cetoleic acid on the omega-3 index and skin quality","authors":"D. Tobin , L.K. Midtbø , J. Mildenberger , H. Svensen , I. Stoknes","doi":"10.1016/j.plefa.2024.102616","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plefa.2024.102616","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Objective: The objective of the study was to provide preliminary data on the effect of a long chain monounsaturated oil rich in cetoleic acid on the omega-3 index, a validated measure of EPA and DHA in blood cells, as well as a potential effect of the oil on skin quality.</p><p>Design: Two intervention studies were performed, each as double blinded, placebo controlled, randomised nutritional trials. The CetoIndex study (<em>N</em> = 55) measured omega-3 index using a blood spot collection kit (Omegaquant). The Optihud study (<em>N</em> = 28) measured skin quality parameters in healthy women using the VISIA system. The cetoleic-rich-oil (CRO) was an oil derived from North Atlantic fish with a predominance of long chain mono-unsaturated fatty acids including cetoleic acid (C22:1 n-11) and gondoic acid (C20:1 n-9).</p><p>Results: In a placebo-controlled study, the omega-3 index in healthy volunteers was increased similar to that seen with an oil with higher levels of omega-3 fatty acids. In a separate placebo-controlled study, the CRO reduced erythema in skin, which is a marker of inflammation.</p><p>Conclusions: The results of this pilot study suggest that the use of a CRO increases the omega-3 index more than expected from the levels of EPA and DHA in the oil. The CRO may potentially have benefits on skin inflammation.</p><p>Summary: Long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA), particularly eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), are commonly taken as dietary supplements for a range of health benefits. Other marine fatty acids may also provide health benefits and it is of interest to understand their activity. Long chain mono-unsaturated fatty acids (LCMUFA) have shown biological activity in studies of metabolic health in animal models. Here, we report two intervention studies using a fish oil with a high LCMUFA content where cetoleic acid is the predominant fatty acid (Cetoleic rich oil: CRO). In CetoIndex, a placebo-controlled study in 55 healthy volunteers, the omega-3 index increased similarly to that seen with an oil containing higher levels of omega-3 fatty acids. In Optihud, a placebo-controlled study in 28 female volunteers, the CRO reduced erythema in skin, which is a marker of inflammation. The results of this pilot study support the use of a CRO for increasing the omega-3 index with potential benefits on skin inflammation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":94179,"journal":{"name":"Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0952327824000103/pdfft?md5=f938c0fced15a60048de5c41bd2818a1&pid=1-s2.0-S0952327824000103-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141054298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2024.102621
Kuorosh Rezaei, Ashley M. Bejoy, Ruxandra D. Rotarescu, Brinley J. Klievik, Adam H. Metherel
Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3) must be consumed from the diet or synthesized from polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) precursors, such as α-linolenic acid (ALA, 18:3n-3). Elongase 2 (encoded by Elovl2 gene) catalyzes two elongation reactions in the PUFA biosynthesis pathway and may be important in regulating the observed sex differences in n-3 PUFA levels. Our aim was to determine how targeted knockout of liver Elovl2 affects tissue and blood n-3 PUFA levels in male and female C57BL/6J mice. Twenty-eight-day old male and female liver Elovl2-KO and control mice were placed onto one of two dietary protocols for a total of 8 weeks (4–8 mice per genotype, per diet, per sex): 1) an 8-week 2 % ALA in total fat diet or 2) a 4-week 2 % ALA diet followed by a 4-week 2 % ALA + 2 % DHA diet. Following this 8-week feeding period, 12-week-old mice were sacrificed and serum, red blood cells (RBC), liver, heart and brain were collected and fatty acid levels measured. Significant interaction effects (p < 0.05, sex x genotype) for serum, RBC, liver and heart DHA levels were identified. In serum and liver, DHA levels were significantly different (p < 0.01) between all groups with male controls > female controls > female KO > male KO in serum and female controls > male controls > female KO > male KO in liver. In RBCs and the heart, female controls = male controls > female KO > male KO (p < 0.001). The addition of DHA to diet removed the interaction effects on DHA levels in the serum, liver and heart, yielding a significant sex effect in serum, liver (female > male, p < 0.01) and brain (male > female, p < 0.05) and genotype effect in serum and heart (control > KO, p < 0.05). Ablation of liver Elovl2 results in significantly lower blood and tissue DHA in a sex-dependent manner, suggesting a role for Elovl2 on sex differences in n-3 PUFA levels.
二十二碳六烯酸(DHA,22:6n-3)必须从膳食中摄取或从α-亚麻酸(ALA,18:3n-3)等多不饱和脂肪酸(PUFA)前体中合成。伸长酶 2(由 Elovl2 基因编码)催化 PUFA 生物合成途径中的两个伸长反应,可能是调节观察到的 n-3 PUFA 水平性别差异的重要因素。我们的目的是确定肝脏 Elovl2 的定向敲除如何影响雌雄 C57BL/6J 小鼠组织和血液中的 n-3 PUFA 水平。将 28 天大的雌雄肝脏 Elovl2-KO 小鼠和对照组小鼠分别置于两种饮食方案中的一种,共 8 周(每种基因型、每种饮食、每种性别 4-8 只小鼠):1)为期 8 周的 2% ALA 总脂肪饮食;或 2)为期 4 周的 2% ALA 饮食,然后是为期 4 周的 2% ALA + 2% DHA 饮食。喂食 8 周后,宰杀 12 周大的小鼠,收集血清、红细胞 (RBC)、肝脏、心脏和大脑并测量脂肪酸水平。结果发现,血清、红细胞、肝脏和心脏中的 DHA 含量存在显著的交互效应(p < 0.05,性别 x 基因型)。在血清和肝脏中,所有组间的 DHA 水平都有显著差异(p <0.01),血清中为雄性对照组> 雌性对照组> 雌性 KO 组> 雄性 KO 组,肝脏中为雌性对照组> 雄性对照组> 雌性 KO 组> 雄性 KO 组。在红细胞和心脏中,雌性对照组 = 雄性对照组 > 雌性 KO > 雄性 KO(p <0.001)。在饮食中添加 DHA 可消除血清、肝脏和心脏中 DHA 水平的交互效应,从而在血清、肝脏(雌性对照组;雄性对照组,p < 0.01)和大脑(雄性对照组;雌性对照组,p < 0.05)中产生显著的性别效应,在血清和心脏(对照组;KO 组,p < 0.05)中产生基因型效应。肝脏 Elovl2 的消减会导致血液和组织中 DHA 的显著降低,而这一降低是性别依赖性的,这表明 Elovl2 在 n-3 PUFA 水平的性别差异中发挥作用。
{"title":"Sex-dependent differences in tissue and blood n-3 PUFA levels following ALA or ALA + DHA feeding of liver-specific Elovl2-KO and control mice","authors":"Kuorosh Rezaei, Ashley M. Bejoy, Ruxandra D. Rotarescu, Brinley J. Klievik, Adam H. Metherel","doi":"10.1016/j.plefa.2024.102621","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plefa.2024.102621","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n-3) must be consumed from the diet or synthesized from polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) precursors, such as α-linolenic acid (ALA, 18:3n-3). Elongase 2 (encoded by <em>Elovl2</em> gene) catalyzes two elongation reactions in the PUFA biosynthesis pathway and may be important in regulating the observed sex differences in n-3 PUFA levels. Our aim was to determine how targeted knockout of liver <em>Elovl2</em> affects tissue and blood n-3 PUFA levels in male and female C57BL/6J mice. Twenty-eight-day old male and female liver <em>Elovl2</em>-KO and control mice were placed onto one of two dietary protocols for a total of 8 weeks (4–8 mice per genotype, per diet, per sex): 1) an 8-week 2 % ALA in total fat diet or 2) a 4-week 2 % ALA diet followed by a 4-week 2 % ALA + 2 % DHA diet. Following this 8-week feeding period, 12-week-old mice were sacrificed and serum, red blood cells (RBC), liver, heart and brain were collected and fatty acid levels measured. Significant interaction effects (<em>p</em> < 0.05, sex x genotype) for serum, RBC, liver and heart DHA levels were identified. In serum and liver, DHA levels were significantly different (<em>p</em> < 0.01) between all groups with male controls > female controls > female KO > male KO in serum and female controls > male controls > female KO > male KO in liver. In RBCs and the heart, female controls = male controls > female KO > male KO (<em>p</em> < 0.001). The addition of DHA to diet removed the interaction effects on DHA levels in the serum, liver and heart, yielding a significant sex effect in serum, liver (female > male, <em>p</em> < 0.01) and brain (male > female, <em>p</em> < 0.05) and genotype effect in serum and heart (control > KO, <em>p</em> < 0.05). Ablation of liver <em>Elovl2</em> results in significantly lower blood and tissue DHA in a sex-dependent manner, suggesting a role for <em>Elovl2</em> on sex differences in n-3 PUFA levels.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":94179,"journal":{"name":"Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0952327824000152/pdfft?md5=882d465ce2a8bf1102905cb9c3202a76&pid=1-s2.0-S0952327824000152-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141033521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2023.102606
Malin Garemo , Valter Sundh , Dan Mellström , Birgitta Strandvik
Background
Fatty acids are involved in bone development but knowledge in children is limited. The aim of this study was to investigate bone mass and mineral density in healthy preschool children in relation to fatty acids.
Material and methods
In 111 healthy 4-yrs-old children (20 % overweight) bone was analysed by dual X-ray absorptiometry and serum phospholipid fatty acid by gas chromatography. Fat intake was calculated from 7 days self-reported dietary records and food frequency questionnaire.
Results
Total bone mass content (BMC) and mineral density (BMD) differed by sex in normal weight, but not in overweight children showing generally higher bone mass density than children with normal weight. Linoleic acid intake was strongly correlated to BMC and femoral BMD in normal weight children. Serum concentration of docosahexaenoic acid correlated positively to BMD in all children (p = 0.01), but linoleic and arachidonic acids, and monounsaturated fatty acids showed diverging associations with bone in normal weight and overweight children.
Conclusion
Serum phospholipid DHA was associated with bone density. Other fatty acids associations to bone sites differed in overweight children, analogue to the pattern in healthy 8-yrs-old.The finding need to be confirmed longitudinally and in a larger group of overweight individuals.
背景脂肪酸参与骨骼发育,但对儿童的了解有限。本研究的目的是调查健康学龄前儿童的骨量和矿物质密度与脂肪酸的关系。材料和方法 111 名 4 岁健康儿童(20% 超重)的骨骼通过双 X 射线吸收测定法进行分析,血清磷脂脂肪酸通过气相色谱法进行分析。结果体重正常儿童的总骨质含量(BMC)和矿物质密度(BMD)因性别而异,但超重儿童的骨质密度普遍高于体重正常的儿童。在体重正常的儿童中,亚油酸摄入量与骨密度和股骨骨密度密切相关。血清中二十二碳六烯酸的浓度与所有儿童的骨密度均呈正相关(P=0.01),但亚油酸、花生四烯酸和单不饱和脂肪酸与体重正常儿童和超重儿童骨骼的相关性不同。结论血清磷脂 DHA 与骨密度有关,其他脂肪酸与骨骼部位的关系在超重儿童中有所不同,这与 8 岁健康儿童的情况类似。
{"title":"Serum phospholipid fatty acids are associated with bone mass in healthy 4-years-old children","authors":"Malin Garemo , Valter Sundh , Dan Mellström , Birgitta Strandvik","doi":"10.1016/j.plefa.2023.102606","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plefa.2023.102606","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Fatty acids are involved in bone development but knowledge in children is limited. The aim of this study was to investigate bone mass and mineral density in healthy preschool children in relation to fatty acids.</p></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><p>In 111 healthy 4-yrs-old children (20 % overweight) bone was analysed by dual X-ray absorptiometry and serum phospholipid fatty acid by gas chromatography. Fat intake was calculated from 7 days self-reported dietary records and food frequency questionnaire.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Total bone mass content (BMC) and mineral density (BMD) differed by sex in normal weight, but not in overweight children showing generally higher bone mass density than children with normal weight. Linoleic acid intake was strongly correlated to BMC and femoral BMD in normal weight children. Serum concentration of docosahexaenoic acid correlated positively to BMD in all children (<em>p</em> = 0.01), but linoleic and arachidonic acids, and monounsaturated fatty acids showed diverging associations with bone in normal weight and overweight children.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Serum phospholipid DHA was associated with bone density. Other fatty acids associations to bone sites differed in overweight children, analogue to the pattern in healthy 8-yrs-old.The finding need to be confirmed longitudinally and in a larger group of overweight individuals.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":94179,"journal":{"name":"Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139023856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Expression of concern: “Curcumin and linseed oil co-delivered in phospholipid nanoemulsions enhances the levels of docosahexaenoic acid in serum and tissue lipids of rats”","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94179,"journal":{"name":"Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0952327824000243/pdfft?md5=72a2e9cf7f2c46986031a236515523a4&pid=1-s2.0-S0952327824000243-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141951019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Low arachidonic acid (AA) levels are reportedly associated with unfavorable outcomes in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).
Objective
We aimed to clarify whether serum AA levels might be associated with a good recovery from severe motor paralysis in the early stage of hospitalization.
Methods
From among consecutive ICH patients between October 2012 and December 2021, patients with a sum of upper and lower extremity National Institutes of Health stroke scale (NIHSS) scores of 4–8 at admission (severe motor paralysis) were included. We defined good early recovery from severe motor paralysis as a sum of upper and lower extremity NIHSS scores of 0–3 on day 7 after admission, and that of individual upper and lower extremities as NIHSS scores of 0–1 on day 7 after admission. We aimed to assess whether serum AA levels might be associated with good early recovery from severe motor paralysis.
Results
We screened 377 consecutive ICH patients, including 140 with severe motor paralysis (88 (63%) males, median age 64 years). Recovery from severe motor paralysis was seen in 48 (34%). Higher AA levels (PR 1.243, 95% CI 1.042 to 1.483, p = 0.016) were independently associated with good overall recovery, and good recovery of upper and lower extremities separately (upper extremity: PR 1.319, 95% CI 1.101 to 1.580, p = 0.003; lower extremity: PR 1.293, 95% CI 1.115 to 1.499, p = 0.001).
Conclusions
Higher AA levels may contribute to a good early motor recovery in patients with severe motor paralysis due to ICH.
背景:据报道,低花生四烯酸(AA)水平与脑内出血(ICH)的不利预后有关:我们旨在明确血清 AA 水平是否与住院早期严重运动麻痹的良好恢复有关:方法:从 2012 年 10 月至 2021 年 12 月期间的连续 ICH 患者中,纳入入院时上下肢美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分总和为 4-8 分(重度运动麻痹)的患者。我们将入院后第 7 天上肢和下肢 NIHSS 评分之和为 0-3 分定义为重度运动麻痹早期恢复良好,将入院后第 7 天上肢和下肢 NIHSS 评分之和为 0-1 分定义为重度运动麻痹早期恢复良好。我们的目的是评估血清 AA 水平是否与严重运动麻痹的早期良好恢复有关:我们对 377 名连续 ICH 患者进行了筛查,其中包括 140 名重度运动麻痹患者(88 名(63%)男性,中位年龄 64 岁)。有 48 例(34%)重度运动麻痹患者痊愈。较高的 AA 水平(PR 1.243,95% CI 1.042 至 1.483,p = 0.016)与总体恢复良好以及上肢和下肢分别恢复良好独立相关(上肢:PR 1.319,95% CI 1.042 至 1.483,p = 0.016):PR 1.319,95% CI 1.101 至 1.580,p = 0.003;下肢:结论:较高的 AA 水平可能有助于 ICH 引起的严重运动性瘫痪患者在早期获得良好的运动恢复。
{"title":"Arachidonic acid level is related to early motor recovery following intracerebral hemorrhage with severe motor paralysis","authors":"Takeo Sato , Motohiro Okumura , Junichiro Takahashi , Tatsushi Kokubu , Maki Tanabe , Asako Onda , Teppei Komatsu , Kenichi Sakuta , Kenichiro Sakai , Tadashi Umehara , Hidetaka Mitsumura , Masato Matsushima , Yasuyuki Iguchi","doi":"10.1016/j.plefa.2023.102603","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plefa.2023.102603","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Low arachidonic acid (AA) levels are reportedly associated with unfavorable outcomes in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>We aimed to clarify whether serum AA levels might be associated with a good recovery from severe motor paralysis in the early stage of hospitalization.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>From among consecutive ICH patients between October 2012 and December 2021, patients with a sum of upper and lower extremity National Institutes of Health stroke scale (NIHSS) scores of 4–8 at admission (severe motor paralysis) were included. We defined good early recovery from severe motor paralysis as a sum of upper and lower extremity NIHSS scores of 0–3 on day 7 after admission, and that of individual upper and lower extremities as NIHSS scores of 0–1 on day 7 after admission. We aimed to assess whether serum AA levels might be associated with good early recovery from severe motor paralysis.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>We screened 377 consecutive ICH patients, including 140 with severe motor paralysis (88 (63%) males, median age 64 years). Recovery from severe motor paralysis was seen in 48 (34%). Higher AA levels (PR 1.243, 95% CI 1.042 to 1.483, <em>p</em> = 0.016) were independently associated with good overall recovery, and good recovery of upper and lower extremities separately (upper extremity: PR 1.319, 95% CI 1.101 to 1.580, <em>p</em> = 0.003; lower extremity: PR 1.293, 95% CI 1.115 to 1.499, <em>p</em> = 0.001).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Higher AA levels may contribute to a good early motor recovery in patients with severe motor paralysis due to ICH.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":94179,"journal":{"name":"Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138684899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The levels of blood eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are very variable and, in general, low in most of the world population. In this study, the effects of age, sex, COVID-19, and dietary habits on the lipid profile of the erythrocyte membranes were assessed in a sub-cohort of healthy population (N = 203) from a large cohort of individuals from the Basque Country, Spain, (AKRIBEA). Sex did not have an effect on RBC lipid profile. COVID-19 infected participants showed higher levels of DGLA. Oldest participants showed higher oleic acid, EPA and DHA levels. Arachidonic acid in RBC correlated positively with the intake of sunflower oil, butter, eggs, processed and red meat, whereas DHA and EPA correlated positively with oily and lean fish. Basque Country population showed lipid profiles similar to other high fish consuming countries, such as Italy and Japan. Baseline levels of the whole lipidomic profile of the RBC including SFA, MUFA and PUFA should be examined to obtain a better description of the health and nutritional status.
血液中二十碳五烯酸(EPA)和二十二碳六烯酸(DHA)的含量变化很大,而且在世界大多数人口中普遍偏低。在这项研究中,我们从西班牙巴斯克地区的一个大型队列(AKRIBEA)中抽取了一个健康人群子队列(203 人),评估了年龄、性别、COVID-19 和饮食习惯对红细胞膜脂质分布的影响。性别对红细胞脂质没有影响。COVID-19 感染者的 DGLA 水平较高。年龄最大的参与者的油酸、EPA 和 DHA 水平较高。红细胞中的花生四烯酸与葵花籽油、黄油、鸡蛋、加工肉类和红肉的摄入量呈正相关,而 DHA 和 EPA 与油鱼和瘦肉呈正相关。巴斯克地区人口的血脂状况与意大利和日本等其他鱼类消费量高的国家相似。为了更好地描述健康和营养状况,应该对包括 SFA、MUFA 和 PUFA 在内的整个红细胞脂质体概况的基线水平进行检查。
{"title":"Effect of age and dietary habits on Red Blood Cell membrane fatty acids in a Southern Europe population (Basque Country)","authors":"Gerard Marrugat , Ainara Cano , Javier Amézaga , Sara Arranz , Nieves Embade , Óscar Millet , Carla Ferreri , Itziar Tueros","doi":"10.1016/j.plefa.2023.102602","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plefa.2023.102602","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The levels of blood eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are very variable and, in general, low in most of the world population. In this study, the effects of age, sex, COVID-19, and dietary habits on the lipid profile of the erythrocyte membranes were assessed in a sub-cohort of healthy population (<em>N</em> = 203) from a large cohort of individuals from the Basque Country, Spain, (AKRIBEA). Sex did not have an effect on RBC lipid profile. COVID-19 infected participants showed higher levels of DGLA. Oldest participants showed higher oleic acid, EPA and DHA levels. Arachidonic acid in RBC correlated positively with the intake of sunflower oil, butter, eggs, processed and red meat, whereas DHA and EPA correlated positively with oily and lean fish. Basque Country population showed lipid profiles similar to other high fish consuming countries, such as Italy and Japan. Baseline levels of the whole lipidomic profile of the RBC including SFA, MUFA and PUFA should be examined to obtain a better description of the health and nutritional status.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":94179,"journal":{"name":"Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0952327823000716/pdfft?md5=f41f9a4ec142773819ddbc92b153011f&pid=1-s2.0-S0952327823000716-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138684793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-13DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2023.102605
Daiane Cavalari Mancuzo , Natasha Mendonça Machado , Juliana Teppedino , Lucas Santander , Philip C. Calder , Dan Linetzky Waitzberg , Raquel Susana Torrinhas
Background & Aims: Chronic inflammation associated with obesity directly contributes to metabolic comorbidities, including type 2 diabetes (T2D). Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) is a highly effective treatment for obesity-associated T2D. We investigated the effect of RYGB on the circulating profile of oxylipins derived from arachidonic (ARA), eicosapentaenoic (EPA), and docosahexaenoic (DHA) acids as a potential mechanism underlying the metabolic benefits of the surgery. Methods: Plasma samples were collected from 28 women with obesity and T2D before and 3 months after RYGB. Circulating levels of oxylipins and their precursors, along with biochemical markers of glucose homeostasis, were evaluated using untargeted mass spectrometry and routine biochemical techniques, respectively. Results: No significant changes were observed in the levels of oxylipins derived from EPA and DHA. However, there was an increase in ARA and its derived oxylipins, TXB2 (an inert derivative of TXA2) and PGD2 (Wilcoxon, p ≤ 0.05). Positive correlations were observed between hemoglobin A1c levels and TXB2 as well as ARA levels (Spearman, p ≤ 0.05). Conclusions: Our data suggest that the anti-inflammatory oxylipins derived from EPA and DHA may not be involved in the metabolic benefits associated with RYGB. However, the findings indicate that the pro-inflammatory oxylipin TXA2 and its precursor ARA may negatively impact glucose homeostasis both before and after RYGB.
{"title":"Effect of Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass on circulating oxylipin profile in women with obesity and type 2 diabetes","authors":"Daiane Cavalari Mancuzo , Natasha Mendonça Machado , Juliana Teppedino , Lucas Santander , Philip C. Calder , Dan Linetzky Waitzberg , Raquel Susana Torrinhas","doi":"10.1016/j.plefa.2023.102605","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plefa.2023.102605","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Background & Aims: Chronic inflammation associated with obesity directly contributes to metabolic comorbidities, including type 2 diabetes (T2D). Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) is a highly effective treatment for obesity-associated T2D. We investigated the effect of RYGB on the circulating profile of oxylipins derived from arachidonic (ARA), eicosapentaenoic (EPA), and docosahexaenoic (DHA) acids as a potential mechanism underlying the metabolic benefits of the surgery. Methods: Plasma samples were collected from 28 women with obesity and T2D before and 3 months after RYGB. Circulating levels of oxylipins and their precursors, along with biochemical markers of glucose homeostasis, were evaluated using untargeted mass spectrometry and routine biochemical techniques, respectively. Results: No significant changes were observed in the levels of oxylipins derived from EPA and DHA. However, there was an increase in ARA and its derived oxylipins, TXB2 (an inert derivative of TXA2) and PGD2 (Wilcoxon, <em>p</em> ≤ 0.05). Positive correlations were observed between hemoglobin A1c levels and TXB2 as well as ARA levels (Spearman, <em>p</em> ≤ 0.05). Conclusions: Our data suggest that the anti-inflammatory oxylipins derived from EPA and DHA may not be involved in the metabolic benefits associated with RYGB. However, the findings indicate that the pro-inflammatory oxylipin TXA2 and its precursor ARA may negatively impact glucose homeostasis both before and after RYGB.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":94179,"journal":{"name":"Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138631658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-13DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2023.102604
Sergej Nadalin , Lena Zatković , Vjekoslav Peitl , Dalibor Karlović , Maja Vilibić , Ante Silić , Sanja Dević Pavlić , Alena Buretić-Tomljanović
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) and antipsychotic medications both influence polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) homeostasis, and thus PPARα polymorphism may be linked to antipsychotic treatment response. Here we investigated whether the functional leucine 162 valine (L162V) polymorphism in PPARα influenced antipsychotic treatment in a group of psychosis patients (N = 186), as well as in a patient subgroup with risperidone, paliperidone, or combination treatment (N = 65). Antipsychotic-naïve first-episode patients and nonadherent chronic individuals were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction analysis. At baseline, and after 8 weeks of treatment with various antipsychotic medications, we assessed the patients’ Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) scores; PANSS factors; and metabolic syndrome-related parameters, including fasting plasma lipid and glucose levels, and body mass index. In the total patient group, PPARα polymorphism did not affect PANSS psychopathology or metabolic parameters. However, in the subgroup of patients with risperidone, paliperidone, or combination treatment, PPARα polymorphism influenced changes in plasma LDL cholesterol. Specifically, compared to PPARα-L162L homozygous patients, PPARα-L162V heterozygous individuals exhibited significantly higher increases of LDL cholesterol levels after antipsychotic treatment. The PPARα polymorphism had a strong effect size, but a relatively weak contribution to LDL cholesterol level variations (∼12.8 %).
{"title":"An association between PPARα-L162V polymorphism and increased plasma LDL cholesterol levels after risperidone treatment","authors":"Sergej Nadalin , Lena Zatković , Vjekoslav Peitl , Dalibor Karlović , Maja Vilibić , Ante Silić , Sanja Dević Pavlić , Alena Buretić-Tomljanović","doi":"10.1016/j.plefa.2023.102604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plefa.2023.102604","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) and antipsychotic medications both influence polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) homeostasis, and thus PPARα polymorphism may be linked to antipsychotic treatment response. Here we investigated whether the functional leucine 162 valine (L162V) polymorphism in PPARα influenced antipsychotic treatment in a group of psychosis patients (N = 186), as well as in a patient subgroup with risperidone, paliperidone, or combination treatment (N = 65). Antipsychotic-naïve first-episode patients and nonadherent chronic individuals were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction analysis. At baseline, and after 8 weeks of treatment with various antipsychotic medications, we assessed the patients’ Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) scores; PANSS factors; and metabolic syndrome-related parameters, including fasting plasma lipid and glucose levels, and body mass index. In the total patient group, PPARα polymorphism did not affect PANSS psychopathology or metabolic parameters. However, in the subgroup of patients with risperidone, paliperidone, or combination treatment, PPARα polymorphism influenced changes in plasma LDL cholesterol. Specifically, compared to PPARα-L162L homozygous patients, PPARα-L162V heterozygous individuals exhibited significantly higher increases of LDL cholesterol levels after antipsychotic treatment. The PPARα polymorphism had a strong effect size, but a relatively weak contribution to LDL cholesterol level variations (∼12.8 %).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":94179,"journal":{"name":"Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138739375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}