Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids最新文献_第2页

Dietary and erythrocyte PUFAs in vegan, lacto-ovo vegetarian, pesco-vegetarian, and non-vegetarian participants of the Adventist Health Study-2 复临健康研究的素食者、乳蛋素食者、鱼素食者和非素食者的饮食和红细胞PUFAs 2

IF 3.2

Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids

Pub Date : 2025-10-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2025.102709

William Harris , Roman Pawlak , Nathan Ryder , Fayth Miles , Gary Fraser

Background

Data on EPA and DHA fatty acids in vegans (VGN) and vegetarians (LOV) are scarce. Also, the extent to which red blood cell (RBC) levels of these fatty acids (FAs) vary by dietary pattern and are correlated with dietary EPA+DHA intake is less well-known.

Objectives

The primary objective of this study was to compare RBC EPA and DHA content [i.e., the omega-3 index (O3I)] VGN, LOV, pesco-vegetarians (PV), and non-vegetarians (NV) in the Adventist Health Study II (AHS2). The secondary objective was to determine the extent to which the dietary intake of these PUFAs correlated with RBC levels.

Methods

Participants (N = 300, 75 per diet group) were randomly selected from AHS2 cohort. After removing individuals reporting fish oil supplement use, 241 remained for analysis. Dietary data were collected via a validated questionnaire. RBCs were analyzed for FA composition by gas chromatography.

Results

Mean O3I (±SD) O3I values across diet groups for VGNs, LOVs, PVs and NVs was 3.7 ± 1.1, 3.9 ± 1.3, 5.7 ± 2.1, and 5.0 ± 1.3, respectively, and EPA+DHA intakes (mg/d) were 10 ± 40, 18 ± 54, 158 ± 279, and 117 ± 91, respectively. EPA+DHA intake correlated strongly with the O3I (r = 0.67, p < 0.001). The dietary ratio of linoleic acid to alpha-linoleic acid was unrelated to the O3I, and the linoleic acid intake was not associated with RBC arachidonic acid levels.

Conclusions

VGNs and LOVs had O3I levels (and EPA+DHA intakes) well below recommended targets. For these groups, the most reasonable way to raise these levels is to consume algae-derived EPA+DHA supplements.

关于纯素食者（VGN）和素食者（LOV）中EPA和DHA脂肪酸的数据很少。此外，这些脂肪酸（FAs）的红细胞（RBC）水平在多大程度上随饮食模式而变化，以及与饮食中EPA+DHA摄入量的关系，目前还不太清楚。本研究的主要目的是比较基督复安息日健康研究II （AHS2）中红细胞EPA和DHA含量[即ω -3指数（O3I）] VGN， LOV，鱼素者（PV）和非素食者（NV）。次要目的是确定这些PUFAs的饮食摄入量与RBC水平的相关性。方法从AHS2队列中随机抽取受试者300例，每个饮食组75例。除去报告服用鱼油补充剂的个人后，仍有241人有待分析。饮食数据通过一份有效的问卷收集。用气相色谱法分析红细胞FA组成。结果各组vgn、LOVs、pv和NVs的平均O3I（±SD）值分别为3.7±1.1、3.9±1.3、5.7±2.1和5.0±1.3，EPA+DHA摄入量（mg/d）分别为10±40、18±54、158±279和117±91。EPA+DHA摄入量与O3I密切相关（r = 0.67, p < 0.001）。饲料中亚油酸与α -亚油酸的比值与O3I无关，亚油酸摄入量与红细胞花生四烯酸水平无关。结论svgns和LOVs的O3I水平（以及EPA+DHA摄入量）远低于推荐目标。对于这些人群来说，提高这些水平最合理的方法是食用藻类衍生的EPA+DHA补充剂。

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引用次数: 0

A review of the relationships between reported fish oil supplement use and health outcomes in the UK Biobank 对英国生物银行报告的鱼油补充剂使用与健康结果之间关系的回顾

IF 3.2

Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids

Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2025.102711

Nada R. Abuknesha , James H. O’Keefe , William S. Harris

Introduction

Recent lay and medical headlines reported that fish oil supplement (FOS) use in the UK Biobank (UKBB) increased risk for atrial fibrillation (AF) in the general population. The publicity generated by this report (the conclusions of which have since been questioned) led us to consider what other FOS-disease outcome relationships have been examined in this very large population study.

Methods

We surveyed the medical literature for papers reporting on the associations between reported FOS use in the UKBB and risk for a wide variety of diseases.

Results

In addition to two similar reports on FOS use and AF, we reviewed 32 other UKBB studies examining the associations between FOS use and disease/condition. Collectively, these studies reported 60 FOS vs disease/condition associations of which 44 were significant and favorable for FOS use, and one was significant and unfavorable for FOS use (osteoarthritis). Studies linking circulating blood levels of omega-3 fatty acids provide a more objective measure of exposure than a yes-no answer to a FOS use questionnaire. Thus, we highlight the results of six published meta-analyses using blood biomarkers that have reported 11 statistically significant, favorable relationships with major disease outcomes, and one neutral association (hemorrhagic stroke) and no unfavorable associations.

Conclusions

Together, these consistent findings across UKBB FOS and biomarker-based meta-analyses support the hypothesis that higher omega-3 status (however achieved) is generally beneficial for health. Because of the wide variety of outcomes favorably linked with FOS use (and elevated omega-3 blood levels) it seems unlikely that a “healthy user bias” and not the bioactivity of omega-3 fatty acids themselves; can explain all these relationships.

最近的新闻和医学头条报道，在英国生物银行（UKBB）中使用鱼油补充剂（FOS）增加了普通人群心房颤动（AF）的风险。该报告引起的宣传（其结论后来受到质疑）使我们考虑在这项非常大规模的人口研究中还检查了哪些其他fos疾病结局关系。方法：我们调查了报道UKBB中FOS使用与多种疾病风险之间关系的医学文献。结果除了两份关于FOS使用和AF的类似报告外，我们还回顾了其他32项UKBB研究，研究FOS使用与疾病/状况之间的关系。总的来说，这些研究报告了60个FOS与疾病/病症的关联，其中44个显著且有利于FOS的使用，1个显著且不利FOS的使用（骨关节炎）。研究将循环血液中omega-3脂肪酸的水平联系起来，提供了比FOS使用问卷的是-否答案更客观的暴露测量。因此，我们强调了六项已发表的荟萃分析的结果，这些荟萃分析使用血液生物标志物，报道了11项具有统计学意义的与主要疾病结局的有利关系，以及一项中性关联（出血性卒中）和无不利关联。总之，这些在UKBB FOS和基于生物标志物的荟萃分析中一致的发现支持了更高的omega-3水平（无论如何达到）通常对健康有益的假设。由于各种各样的结果与FOS的使用（以及升高的omega-3血液水平）有关，似乎不太可能是“健康用户偏见”，而不是omega-3脂肪酸本身的生物活性；可以解释所有这些关系。

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引用次数: 0

Changes in erythrocyte fatty acid profile after 12 weeks of omega-3 fatty acid (EPA+DHA) supplementation and endurance training in amateur runners 业余跑步者补充omega-3脂肪酸（EPA+DHA）和耐力训练12周后红细胞脂肪酸谱的变化

IF 3.2

Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids

Pub Date : 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2025.102710

Maja Tomczyk , Agnieszka Kowalska , Magdalena Dzitkowska-Zabielska , Philip C. Calder , Helena L. Fisk , Bartosz Kulczyński , Jędrzej Antosiewicz

Fatty acid (FA) profiles can be examined in both plasma and red blood cells (RBCs), with the latter showing the average FA concentrations over the past 3-4 months and not being susceptible to daily fluctuations dependent on diet or supplementation. This study provides data on changes in the FA profile in RBCs as a result of 12 weeks supplementation with long chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs; EPA and DHA) and training intervention in amateur runners. The study included 26 amateur runners, 14 of whom were assigned to the n-3 PUFA supplementation group (2234 mg of EPA and 916 mg of DHA daily) and 12 to the placebo group; both groups underwent the exercise training. After the 12-week intervention, runners taking n-3 PUFAs showed statistically significant increases in EPA, docosapentanoic acid, DHA and total PUFAs, and decreases in lignoceric, palmitoleic, vaccenic, gondoic, linoleic, eicosadienoic, dihomo-γ-linolenic, and arachidonic acids compared to placebo group. In addition, increases in omega-3 index, delta 9-desaturase index (C16), and PUFA/MUFA index, and a decrease in monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) and AA/EPA ratio was observed. There were no changes in RBC FAs in the placebo group indicating that exercise training had no effect on RBC FAs. This study provides novel insights into the changes in FA profile in RBCs with n-3 PUFA supplementation, the importance of which in both sports and health scenarios requires further research.

脂肪酸（FA）谱可以在血浆和红细胞（rbc）中检测，红细胞显示过去3-4个月的平均FA浓度，并且不受依赖于饮食或补充剂的每日波动的影响。这项研究提供了在业余跑步者中补充12周长链omega-3多不饱和脂肪酸（n-3 PUFAs， EPA和DHA）和训练干预后红细胞中FA谱变化的数据。这项研究包括26名业余跑步者，其中14人被分配到n-3 PUFA补充组（每天2234毫克EPA和916毫克DHA）， 12人被分配到安慰剂组；两组都进行了运动训练。经过12周的干预，与安慰剂组相比，服用n-3 PUFAs的跑步者的EPA、二十二碳五烯酸、DHA和总PUFAs含量有统计学意义上的显著增加，而木素酸、棕榈油酸、戊烯酸、性腺酸、亚油酸、二十碳二烯酸、二homo-γ-亚麻酸和花生四烯酸含量则有所下降。此外，omega-3指数、δ 9-去饱和酶指数（C16）和PUFA/MUFA指数升高，单不饱和脂肪酸（MUFAs）和AA/EPA比值降低。安慰剂组红细胞FAs没有变化，表明运动训练对红细胞FAs没有影响。这项研究为补充n-3 PUFA后红细胞中FA特征的变化提供了新的见解，其在运动和健康场景中的重要性需要进一步研究。

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引用次数: 0

Chronic sleep deprivation induces depression- and Alzheimer’s disease-like changes in adult and ageing wild-type and Fat-1 transgenic mice 在成年和衰老的野生型和Fat-1转基因小鼠中，慢性睡眠剥夺会引起抑郁症和阿尔茨海默病样的变化

IF 3.2

Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids

Pub Date : 2025-08-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2025.102699

Nasar Ullah Khan Niazi , Zhiyou Yang , Yongping Zhang , Cai Song

Background

Sleep disorders show comorbidity with depression and Alzheimer's disease (AD), especially in ageing. However, the neuroimmunological role of sleep deprivation (SD) as possible inducer to these conditions remains unknown. Omega-3 fatty acids (n-3 FAs) can improve depression and AD through anti-inflammation, up-regulating neurotrophins and normalizing neurotransmitters, while their therapeutic effects on sleep deprivation (SD)-induced changes in different ages requires investigation.

Methods

Adult and old Fat-1 (converting n-6 to n-3 FAs) and wild-type (WT) mice were subjected to chronic SD. After behavioral evaluation, brain FAs, monoamine neurotransmitters, circadian-gene expression, TLR-4 signaling-pathway, glial polarization, cytokine profile, and AD-related markers were analyzed using GC–MS, HPLC, qPCR, ELISA and western-blotting. Furthermore, bioinformatic analysis evaluated SD-related networking with depression and AD.

Results

SD induced anxiety, anhedonia, despair, and memory impairments. The n-3:n-6 ratio, BMAL-1 gene expression, and melatonin concentration were decreased, whereas corticosterone, TLR-4, GSK3β, and NFκB concentrations increased in SD groups compared to the controls. Increased IBA-1 protein expression and proinflammatory IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6 concentrations were associated with decreased monoamine neuro-transmitter levels in SD groups. APP, BACE-1, RAGE and APPβ concentrations were increased, whereas LRP-1 and APPα concentrations and the APPα/APPβ ratio were decreased in SD groups than controls. These changes were more pronounced in old WT and Fat-1 animals than adults. However, compared to WT-SD, these changes were significantly ameliorated in Fat-1-SD mice, but recovery was less pronounced in old Fat-1.

Conclusion

SD-induced neuroinflammation and impaired APP processing may contribute to behavioral impairments, which exacerbated with age. Although n-3 FAs significantly ameliorated SD-induced adverse behavioral and neuroimmunological changes, this therapeutic effect was markedly reduced in old animals.

背景睡眠障碍与抑郁症和阿尔茨海默病（AD）共病，尤其是在老年人中。然而，睡眠剥夺（SD）作为可能诱发这些疾病的神经免疫学作用尚不清楚。Omega-3脂肪酸（n-3 FAs）可通过抗炎、上调神经营养因子和使神经递质正常化来改善抑郁症和AD，但其对睡眠剥夺（SD）引起的不同年龄变化的治疗效果有待研究。方法采用成年、老年Fat-1（将n-6脂肪酸转化为n-3脂肪酸）和野生型（WT）小鼠进行慢性SD治疗。行为评估后，采用GC-MS、HPLC、qPCR、ELISA和western-blotting分析脑FAs、单胺类神经递质、昼夜节律基因表达、TLR-4信号通路、胶质极化、细胞因子谱和ad相关标志物。此外，生物信息学分析评估了sd与抑郁症和AD的相关网络。结果ssd引起焦虑、快感缺乏、绝望和记忆障碍。SD组的n-3:n-6比值、BMAL-1基因表达和褪黑激素浓度降低，皮质酮、TLR-4、GSK3β和NFκB浓度升高。SD组IBA-1蛋白表达和促炎IL-1β、TNF-α和IL-6浓度升高与单胺类神经递质水平降低有关。SD组的APP、BACE-1、RAGE和APPβ浓度均升高，LRP-1和APPα浓度及APPα/APPβ比值均低于对照组。这些变化在老年WT和Fat-1动物中比成年动物更明显。然而，与WT-SD相比，Fat-1- sd小鼠的这些变化明显改善，但Fat-1小鼠的恢复不太明显。结论sd诱导的神经炎症和APP加工受损可能导致行为障碍，且随年龄增长而加重。虽然n-3脂肪酸显著改善sd诱导的不良行为和神经免疫变化，但这种治疗效果在老年动物中明显降低。

{"title":"Chronic sleep deprivation induces depression- and Alzheimer’s disease-like changes in adult and ageing wild-type and Fat-1 transgenic mice","authors":"Nasar Ullah Khan Niazi , Zhiyou Yang , Yongping Zhang , Cai Song","doi":"10.1016/j.plefa.2025.102699","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plefa.2025.102699","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Sleep disorders show comorbidity with depression and Alzheimer's disease (AD), especially in ageing. However, the neuroimmunological role of sleep deprivation (SD) as possible inducer to these conditions remains unknown. Omega-3 fatty acids (n-3 FAs) can improve depression and AD through anti-inflammation, up-regulating neurotrophins and normalizing neurotransmitters, while their therapeutic effects on sleep deprivation (SD)-induced changes in different ages requires investigation.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Adult and old Fat-1 (converting n-6 to n-3 FAs) and wild-type (WT) mice were subjected to chronic SD. After behavioral evaluation, brain FAs, monoamine neurotransmitters, circadian-gene expression, TLR-4 signaling-pathway, glial polarization, cytokine profile, and AD-related markers were analyzed using GC–MS, HPLC, qPCR, ELISA and western-blotting. Furthermore, bioinformatic analysis evaluated SD-related networking with depression and AD.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>SD induced anxiety, anhedonia, despair, and memory impairments. The n-3:n-6 ratio, BMAL-1 gene expression, and melatonin concentration were decreased, whereas corticosterone, TLR-4, GSK3β, and NFκB concentrations increased in SD groups compared to the controls. Increased IBA-1 protein expression and proinflammatory IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6 concentrations were associated with decreased monoamine neuro-transmitter levels in SD groups. APP, BACE-1, RAGE and APPβ concentrations were increased, whereas LRP-1 and APPα concentrations and the APPα/APPβ ratio were decreased in SD groups than controls. These changes were more pronounced in old WT and Fat-1 animals than adults. However, compared to WT-SD, these changes were significantly ameliorated in Fat-1-SD mice, but recovery was less pronounced in old Fat-1.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>SD-induced neuroinflammation and impaired APP processing may contribute to behavioral impairments, which exacerbated with age. Although n-3 FAs significantly ameliorated SD-induced adverse behavioral and neuroimmunological changes, this therapeutic effect was markedly reduced in old animals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94179,"journal":{"name":"Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids","volume":"207 ","pages":"Article 102699"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144989994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Maternal blood glucose level is correlated to offspring brain fatty acid composition in a mouse model for gestational diabetes mellitus 在妊娠糖尿病小鼠模型中，母体血糖水平与子代脑脂肪酸组成相关

IF 3.2

Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids

Pub Date : 2025-08-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2025.102700

Lidewij Schipper , Noela Schaap , Yixian Liu , Hongyu Li , Weiping Han , Louise Harvey

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) may increase the risk of suboptimal neurocognitive development in infants. Maternal supply of omega-3 and -6 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs), including eicosapentaeonic acid, docosahexaenoic acid and arachidonic acid, are critical for offspring brain development. To study the effects of GDM on offspring brain fatty acid composition, C57BL/6J mice were exposed to short-term high-fat diet feeding and low-dose streptozotocin treatments before pregnancy. Maternal blood glucose levels positively correlated to offspring brain omega 6:omega 3 ratio at postnatal day 2 and day 21, which appeared to be driven specifically by higher omega-6 LCPUFA levels. GDM may be associated with impaired brain fatty acid profile in offspring, and this may underpin altered neurodevelopmental outcomes after GDM pregnancies. These findings support further investigation into the therapeutic potential of postnatal dietary interventions targeting fatty acid status in infants born after GDM.

妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）可能增加婴儿神经认知发育次优的风险。母体提供omega-3和-6长链多不饱和脂肪酸（LCPUFAs），包括二十碳五烯酸、二十二碳六烯酸和花生四烯酸，对后代大脑发育至关重要。为了研究GDM对子代脑脂肪酸组成的影响，在妊娠前给C57BL/6J小鼠短期高脂饲料喂养和低剂量链脲佐菌素治疗。在出生后第2天和第21天，母亲的血糖水平与后代大脑中的omega-6:omega - 3比例呈正相关，这似乎是由更高的omega-6 LCPUFA水平特别驱动的。GDM可能与后代脑脂肪酸谱受损有关，这可能是GDM妊娠后神经发育结果改变的基础。这些发现支持进一步研究针对GDM后出生的婴儿的脂肪酸状态的产后饮食干预的治疗潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Unravelling the complex interplay between zinc, iron and their synergistic effect on LCPUFA metabolism in preeclampsia 揭示锌、铁之间的复杂相互作用及其对子痫前期LCPUFA代谢的协同作用

IF 3.2

Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids

Pub Date : 2025-08-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2025.102701

Vaishnavi Mudgal, Juhi Nema, Sadhana Joshi

Preeclampsia is a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy. It is a leading cause of maternal mortality and morbidity. Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs) are critical for normal placental and fetal development. Biosynthesis of these LCPUFAs is regulated by Δ5 and Δ6 desaturase enzymes, which require zinc and iron as cofactors. Both zinc and iron are important micronutrients which play pivotal role during pregnancy and their deficiency during pregnancy is linked with preeclampsia. Zinc and iron deficiency is common in pregnancy and often coexists. Zinc and iron interact in complex ways, influencing the bioavailability of each other. On the other hand, zinc is required for intestinal uptake and transport of iron. The current article summarizes studies examining the role of zinc, iron and LCPUFAs in preeclampsia. It also gives a mechanistic insight through which zinc and iron synergistically influence LCPUFA biosynthesis in pregnancy complicated with preeclampsia.

子痫前期是妊娠期高血压疾病。它是孕产妇死亡和发病的主要原因。长链多不饱和脂肪酸（LCPUFAs）对胎盘和胎儿的正常发育至关重要。这些LCPUFAs的生物合成是由Δ5和Δ6去饱和酶调节的，它们需要锌和铁作为辅助因子。锌和铁都是重要的微量元素，在怀孕期间起着关键作用，怀孕期间缺乏锌和铁与先兆子痫有关。锌和铁缺乏症在怀孕期间很常见，而且经常共存。锌和铁以复杂的方式相互作用，影响彼此的生物利用度。另一方面，锌是肠内铁的吸收和运输所必需的。本文综述了锌、铁和LCPUFAs在子痫前期的作用。它也提供了一个机制的见解，通过锌和铁协同影响LCPUFA生物合成在妊娠合并先兆子痫。

引用次数: 0

Predictive role of erythrocyte fatty acids in conversion to psychosis: a longitudinal study of clinical high-risk individuals 红细胞脂肪酸在精神病转化中的预测作用：一项临床高危个体的纵向研究

IF 3

Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids

Pub Date : 2025-07-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2025.102698

LiHua Xu , YanYan Wei , XiaoChen Tang , ZhengHui Yi , XiaoHua Liu , HaiChun Liu , ZiXuan Wang , Tao Chen , Jin Gao , Qiang Hu , LingYun Zeng , ChunBo Li , JiJun Wang , TianHong Zhang

Introduction

Fatty acid (FA) alterations are associated in patients with psychosis. This study aimed to investigate the role of FAs in predicting the conversion to psychosis in individuals at clinical high-risk (CHR) and to distinguish CHR individuals from healthy controls (HC).

Materials and methods

A three-year longitudinal study was conducted involving 67 CHR individuals and 25 HC participants. Comprehensive erythrocyte FA profiles were obtained from gas chromatography analysis at baseline, measuring 17 different FAs. Participants were followed for three years to determine outcomes, categorizing CHR individuals into converters to psychosis (CHR-C) and non-converters (CHR-NC). We employed LASSO regression models to identify key predictors for CHR-C from CHR and to distinguish CHR from HC. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were performed to evaluate the models' predictive and discriminative abilities. Significant differences in FA profiles were observed among HC, CHR-C, and CHR-NC groups.

Results

CHR-C individuals exhibited higher levels of Eicosenoic acid(p = 0.016), Linoleic acid(p = 0.009), Eicosadienoic acid(p = 0.035) and Arachidonic acid(p = 0.037) compared to CHR-NC, whereas CHR individuals showed elevated levels of Palmitoleic acid(p = 0.002), Palmitic acid(p = 0.012), Eicosapentaenoic acid(p = 0.019) and Oleic acid(p = 0.039) compared to HC. The LASSO model identified key sociodemographic and FA predictors, including age, education, and specific FAs, for distinguishing CHR from HC, demonstrating high discriminative ability with an area under the ROC curve(AUC) of 0.894. For predicting CHR-C, the model highlighted gender and specific ω-6 FAs as potential predictors, with an AUC of 0.801.

Discussion

Our findings reveal distinct FA profiles among HC, CHR-C, and CHR-NC groups and identify key predictors for psychosis conversion and CHR status. These results underscore the significance of FAs in the various stages of psychosis development.

脂肪酸（FA）的改变与精神病患者有关。本研究旨在探讨FAs在预测临床高危人群（CHR）转化为精神病中的作用，并将CHR个体与健康对照（HC）区分开来。材料与方法对67名CHR个体和25名HC参与者进行了为期3年的纵向研究。在基线气相色谱分析中获得了全面的红细胞FA谱，测量了17种不同的FA。参与者随访三年以确定结果，将CHR个体分为精神病转化者（chrc）和非转化者（chrc - nc）。我们使用LASSO回归模型来识别CHR- c和CHR的关键预测因子，并区分CHR和HC。采用受试者工作特征（ROC）曲线分析评价模型的预测和判别能力。HC组、chrc组和chrc - nc组FA谱有显著差异。结果schr - c个体的二十烯酸（p = 0.016）、亚油酸（p = 0.009）、二十碳二烯酸（p = 0.035）和花生四烯酸（p = 0.037）水平高于HC，而CHR个体的棕榈油酸（p = 0.002）、棕榈酸（p = 0.012）、二十碳五烯酸（p = 0.019）和油酸（p = 0.039）水平高于HC。LASSO模型确定了关键的社会人口学和FA预测因子，包括年龄、教育程度和特定FA，用于区分CHR和HC，显示出较高的判别能力，ROC曲线下面积（AUC）为0.894。对于预测CHR-C，该模型突出了性别和特定ω-6 FAs作为潜在的预测因子，AUC为0.801。我们的研究结果揭示了HC、chrc和chrc - nc组中不同的FA特征，并确定了精神病转化和CHR状态的关键预测因素。这些结果强调了FAs在精神病发展的各个阶段的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Sex and dietary ALA and DHA effects on rat heart phospholipase A2 activity mediating fatty acid release and oxylipin formation have cardiovascular implications 性别和膳食ALA和DHA对大鼠心脏磷脂酶A2活性的影响，介导脂肪酸释放和氧化脂质的形成

IF 3

Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids

Pub Date : 2025-06-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2025.102697

Anne Manson , Tanja Winter , Harold M. Aukema

The ways in which diet and sex influence heart phospholipase A₂ (PLA₂) activities are underexplored, particularly with respect to effects on oxylipin formation. Therefore, male and female Sprague-Dawley rats were provided diets with 1.3 % α-linolenic acid (ALA) or docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) for 6 weeks, and heart homogenates were incubated with inhibitors for secreted (s)PLA₂ (Varespladib) or calcium-independent (i)PLA₂ (methyl arachidonyl fluorophosphonate). Non-esterified polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and oxylipins were determined by HPLC-MS/MS and data were analyzed using 3-way repeated measures ANOVA. sPLA₂ activity was selective for DHA release and DHA oxylipin formation, and contributed to ∼50 % of arachidonic acid (ARA) release, but only ∼30 % of ARA oxylipin formation. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) release and oxylipin formation was minor but primarily mediated by iPLA₂. iPLA₂ activity was less selective, with activity towards all measured PUFA and oxylipins, with the primary PUFA released depending on diet. For both sPLA₂ and iPLA₂, there was more activity towards DHA and its oxylipins with the DHA diet, and towards ALA and ARA and their oxylipins with the ALA diet. Sex effects on fatty acids and oxylipins differed, as DHA, EPA and ALA release were higher in females, while DGLA and cyclooxygenase-derived ARA oxylipin formation were higher in males. Interestingly, the sex effect on cyclooxygenase ARA oxylipins was attenuated with dietary DHA. These findings provide further rationale for the simultaneous measurement of PUFA and oxylipins since they are not always congruent, and shed new light on diet and sex effects on PLA₂ types in cardiovascular oxylipin biology.

饮食和性别影响心脏磷脂酶A2 （PLA2）活性的方式尚未得到充分研究，特别是对氧脂素形成的影响。因此，给雄性和雌性Sprague-Dawley大鼠喂食含有1.3% α-亚麻酸（ALA）或二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）的饲料6周，并用分泌PLA2 （Varespladib）或钙非依赖性PLA2（甲基花生四烯酰基氟膦酸盐）抑制剂孵育心脏匀浆。采用HPLC-MS/MS法测定非酯化多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）和氧脂类，采用3-way重复测量方差分析。sPLA2活性对DHA释放和DHA氧化脂形成具有选择性，对花生四烯酸（ARA）释放的贡献率为~ 50%，但对ARA氧化脂形成的贡献率仅为~ 30%。二十碳五烯酸（Eicosapentaenoic acid， EPA）的释放和氧化脂质的形成作用较小，但主要由iPLA2介导。iPLA2活性的选择性较低，对所有测量的PUFA和氧化脂类都有活性，主要PUFA的释放取决于饮食。对于sPLA2和iPLA2， DHA饮食对DHA及其氧化脂质的活性更高，ALA饮食对ALA和ARA及其氧化脂质的活性更高。脂肪酸和氧化脂的性别效应不同，雌性的DHA、EPA和ALA释放量较高，而雄性的DGLA和环氧合酶衍生的ARA氧化脂形成量较高。有趣的是，添加DHA后，环氧合酶ARA氧脂的性别效应减弱。这些发现为同时测量PUFA和氧化脂提供了进一步的理论依据，因为它们并不总是一致的，并为饮食和性别对心血管氧化脂生物学中PLA2类型的影响提供了新的思路。

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引用次数: 0

The influence of biological sex on skeletal muscle phospholipid membrane composition in response to omega n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation and washout in humans 生物性别对骨骼肌磷脂膜组成的影响，以响应omega - n-3多不饱和脂肪酸的补充和冲洗

IF 3

Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids

Pub Date : 2025-06-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2025.102696

Callum J. Pufahl , Sydney E. Smart , Justin Bureau , Brendan Ross , Craig A. Simpson , Adam H. Metherel , James R. Dick , Chris McGlory

Omega n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 PUFA) intake is associated with reduced inflammation, protection against cardiovascular disease, and improved cognitive function. There is also evidence that n-3 PUFA intake impacts skeletal muscle, potentially with greater effects in females than males. Sex-specific responses to n-3 PUFA intake may be linked to the incorporation of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA; 20:5n-3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; 22:6n-3) into skeletal muscle phospholipid membranes. However, no study has characterized the effect of biological sex on human skeletal muscle phospholipid composition in response to EPA+DHA supplementation, and washout of EPA and DHA from skeletal muscle phospholipids following the cessation of supplementation. In a repeated measures design, 15 females and 14 males consumed 5 g/d of EPA+DHA (3.75 g EPA; 1.25 g DHA) for 8 weeks followed by 14 weeks of washout. Skeletal muscle biopsies and venous blood samples were obtained at weeks 0 (baseline), 6, 8, 16, 20, and 22. Females displayed greater skeletal muscle EPA phospholipid composition (p= 0.035) at 6 weeks of supplementation, higher erythrocyte EPA phospholipid composition (p= 0.034), and whole plasma DHA composition (p= 0.033) compared to males. At 14 weeks of washout, skeletal muscle and erythrocyte EPA phospholipid composition (p< 0.001 and p= 0.005) remained elevated above baseline, whereas whole plasma EPA composition (p= 0.381) was not different from baseline. We demonstrate that 5 g/d EPA+DHA supplementation influences human fatty acid composition in a manner that is both sex- and tissue-dependant.

摄入Omega n-3多不饱和脂肪酸（n-3 PUFA）与减少炎症、预防心血管疾病和改善认知功能有关。还有证据表明，摄入n-3多聚脂肪酸会影响骨骼肌，对女性的影响可能比男性更大。对n-3 PUFA摄入的性别特异性反应可能与二十碳五烯酸(EPA；20:5n-3)和二十二碳六烯酸(DHA；22:6n-3)进入骨骼肌磷脂膜。然而，没有研究表明生物性别对EPA+DHA补充后骨骼肌磷脂组成的影响，以及停止补充后骨骼肌磷脂中EPA和DHA的流失。在重复测量设计中，15名女性和14名男性摄入5 g/d的EPA+DHA (3.75 g EPA；1.25 g DHA) 8周，然后是14周的洗脱期。在第0周（基线）、第6周、第8周、第16周、第20周和第22周采集骨骼肌活检和静脉血样本。在补充6周后，女性的骨骼肌EPA磷脂组成（p= 0.035）、红细胞EPA磷脂组成（p= 0.034）和全血浆DHA组成（p= 0.033）均高于男性。在洗脱期第14周，骨骼肌和红细胞EPA磷脂组成(p<；0.001和p= 0.005)仍然高于基线，而全血浆EPA组成（p= 0.381）与基线没有差异。我们证明，5 g/d的EPA+DHA补充剂影响人体脂肪酸组成的方式是性别和组织依赖的。

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引用次数: 0

Linoleic acid promotes mammary tumor growth and metastasis to brain and lung in female Balb/cJ mice 亚油酸促进Balb/cJ雌性小鼠乳腺肿瘤生长及脑和肺转移

IF 3

Prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and essential fatty acids

Pub Date : 2025-05-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2025.102687

Maria Sanchez-Juarez , Monica Vizcarra-Soto , Rocio Castillo-Sanchez , Pablo Torres-Alamilla , Pedro Cortes-Reynosa , Gustavo Acosta-Altamirano , Monica Sierra-Martinez , Eduardo Perez Salazar

Breast cancer is the leading cause of mortality among women worldwide. The largest prevalence of breast cancer is present in high-income nations, but the incidence in low- to middle-income countries has risen in recent years, which is the consequence of various causes, such as dietary habits. Dietary fat intake is a factor associated with the risk of developing breast cancer, and a moderate positive association between n-6 fatty acids and breast cancer risk has been described. Linoleic acid (LA) is an omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), which represents an essential PUFA and the major fatty acid consumed in occidental diets. It has been demonstrated that LA promotes cellular processes involved with invasion/metastasis in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. In this study, we demonstrate that LA induces migration via FFAR1 and FFAR4, invasion and secretion of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 in 4T1 triple negative breast cancer cells. In addition, 4T1 cells treated with 60 µM LA for 7 days and then inoculated in Balb/cJ mice induces an increase in the weight and volume of mammary tumors, and an increase in the metastasis to brain and liver compared with Balb/cJ mice inoculated with untreated 4T1 cells. In conclusion, LA induces cellular processes involved with invasion/metastasis and an increase in the growth of mammary tumors and metastasis in a murine model of breast cancer using Balb/cJ mice and 4T1 cells.

乳腺癌是全世界妇女死亡的主要原因。乳腺癌发病率最高的是高收入国家，但近年来中低收入国家的发病率有所上升，这是多种原因造成的，比如饮食习惯。饮食中脂肪的摄入是与患乳腺癌风险相关的一个因素，n-6脂肪酸与患乳腺癌风险之间存在适度的正相关关系。亚油酸（LA）是一种omega-6多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA），是一种必需的多不饱和脂肪酸，也是西方人饮食中消耗的主要脂肪酸。已经证明LA促进了MDA-MB-231乳腺癌细胞侵袭/转移的细胞过程。在这项研究中，我们证明了LA通过FFAR1和FFAR4诱导4T1三阴性乳腺癌细胞的迁移、基质金属蛋白酶(MMP)-2和MMP-9的侵袭和分泌。此外，与未接种4T1细胞的Balb/cJ小鼠相比，4T1细胞经60µM LA处理7天后接种于Balb/cJ小鼠，可诱导乳腺肿瘤的重量和体积增加，脑和肝脏转移增加。综上所述，在Balb/cJ小鼠和4T1细胞的小鼠乳腺癌模型中，LA诱导了参与侵袭/转移的细胞过程，并增加了乳腺肿瘤的生长和转移。

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引用次数: 0