Canadian Veterinary Journal-revue Veterinaire Canadienne最新文献

Veterinarians have higher incidences of suicidal ideation and suicide attempts than the general population. In a survey, 1/6 veterinarians had contemplated suicide, with psychological distress a key predictor of suicidal ideation. Availability of lethal means, habituation to death, student loan debt, and other causes may contribute. Several studies have considered the individual agency of veterinarians, well-being initiatives, and selection biases in veterinary school admission. However, there is growing consideration of the moral distress, moral injury, and moral residue that afflict and destabilize veterinarians and may promote suicidal ideation and suicide. Moral distress, a historically elusive concept in veterinary medicine, is undergoing rapid delineation and analysis. This article discusses moral distress in human and veterinary healthcare professionals and how it is measured. Identification of emerging moral stressors may result in designation of broad veterinary moral distress categories and measurable moral distress scales, with an aim to predict and ameliorate moral distress. Finally, 2 tools are proposed to identify and address deleterious effects of moral distress in veterinarians.

Objective: This retrospective study investigated the palliative efficacy of endoscopic diode laser and forceps debulking (EDLFD) for managing nasal carcinoma in dogs.

Animals and procedure: Thirty-five dogs with histopathological diagnosis of nasal carcinoma that underwent EDLFD treatment were included. Descriptive statistics were reported regarding age, sex, neutering status, weight, body condition score, epistaxis, sneezing, stertor, reverse sneezing, nasal discharge, facial deformity, tumor laterality, modified Adams staging, quality of life at presentation, histotypes, EDLFD duration, adjuvant metronomic chemotherapy, and survival time.

Results: Eighteen (51%) dogs exhibited clinical signs persisting for > 3 mo, with 80% failing to respond to previous medical treatments. Unilateral discharge was the most common complaint. Tumor location was categorized as nasal in 43% of cases (unilateral: 37% and bilateral: 6%) and as nasal and nasopharyngeal in 57%. No major intraoperative or postoperative complications were observed associated with EDLFD. The median survival time was 336 d. A clinical benefit > 50% was observed 3 mo after EDLFD.

Conclusion and clinical relevance: We concluded that EDLFD was a viable palliative approach for nasal carcinoma in dogs, offering promising results in improving quality of life.

Prostatopathies are common in adult and elderly intact male dogs. Prostatic abscesses may develop secondary to bacterial prostatitis or due to contamination of prostatic retention cysts or paraprostatic cysts. The objective of this report is to describe a case of prostatic and paraprostatic abscesses in a 13-year-old male dachshund in which surgical resolution was achieved by prostatic omentalization through exploratory laparotomy and pubic osteotomies. The dog was presented with apathy, anorexia, dyschezia, dysuria, and vomiting. Abdominal ultrasonography and computed tomography revealed an amorphous, heterogeneous structure with hypoechoic content and prostatic communication, displacing the urethra and colon, suggesting prostatic and paraprostatic abscesses or cysts. Omentalization of the abscesses was completed, recovery was rapid, and the dog was reported to be doing very well 1 y later. Most lesions were located in the intrapelvic region, and pubic osteotomies provided adequate working space and visualization, with rapid recovery. Key clinical message: Carrying out pubic osteotomies facilitated the approach to an intrapelvic prostatic abscess and paraprostatic infected cysts. Furthermore, hospitalization was of short duration and recovery was rapid and complete.

Objective: The objective was to determine associations between various factors before, during, and following cesarean sections in cattle done in the United Kingdom from November 2013 to October 2015.

Animals and procedure: This was a non-randomized, observational study that collected > 300 variables related to the surgery and possible relationships with the outcomes, with a focus on postoperative dam survival. More than 4600 cases were collected by ~400 veterinarians in 51 clinics, members of the XLVets UK group. Information was collected via 3 questionnaires: the 1st shortly after surgery, the 2nd during a 14-day follow-up, and the 3rd during a 12-month check (done 18 mo postoperatively).

Results and conclusion: Ultimately, 2900 cases were analyzed with a multilevel fixed-effects logistic regression, with veterinarians nested within practices as random effects used to estimate associations between explanatory variables and outcome. The hypothesis that the incidence of dam death by 14 d postoperatively is not significantly different between dairy versus beef cattle was rejected. Strong predictors that improved dam survival 14 d postoperatively were shorter duration of surgery (from skin incision to calf removal), paravertebral anesthesia, exteriorizing the uterus for hysterotomy, a beef dam, the dam standing during surgery, and oversewing (double layer) the uterine incision. In contrast, strong predictors that deteriorated dam survival were a worsening uterine index score, a higher score of veterinarian dissatisfaction with the surgery, a higher lactation number, and twin pregnancy. Several variables did not significantly affect dam survival, including antisepsis type or protocol, suture material or pattern used for closure of any incision, type of antibiotic used or where applied, use of a protective drape, rinsing or cleansing the uterine incision, removing abdominal blood clots, calf sex, or cause of dystocia.

Canine uveodermatologic syndrome (UDS) resembles human Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome but typically lacks associated neurological signs. We report a 3-year-old Australian shepherd dog diagnosed with UDS following bilateral enucleation and histopathology. Twelve days postoperatively, neurological symptoms developed, including head tilt, circling, and deafness. Brain MRI and CSF analyses were consistent with meningoencephalitis of unknown etiology (MUE). Oral immunosuppressive therapy (prednisone and cyclosporine) resulted in substantial improvement. Eight months later, during gradual dose reduction, MUE relapsed, prompting an increase in dose to immunosuppressive levels. The dog's death due to an unrelated cause 4 mo later prompted postmortem evaluation. This report adds to the limited literature on MUE associated with UDS in dogs and underscores challenges in diagnosis and management. Literature review suggests this is the second reported case of Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada-like meningoencephalitis in a dog and the first reported case with a confirmed diagnosis via MRI and CSF analyses. Key clinical message: It is important to include UDS as a differential diagnosis for dogs that present with MUE with concurrent ocular and cutaneous signs. For dogs diagnosed with UDS on histology after enucleation, more aggressive immunosuppressive treatment or vigilant monitoring for neurological signs may help prevent or slow progression to neurological involvement.

Objective: To detail a case of a suspected inflammatory nasopharyngeal polyp, in a young cat, that disappeared without medical or surgical therapy.

Animal: A 5-month-old neutered male domestic shorthair cat that was client-owned and indoor-only.

Procedure: Serial head computed tomographic scans were done on a young cat to diagnose and monitor the size and location of the suspected inflammatory nasopharyngeal polyp.

Results: At 145 d after diagnosis of a suspected inflammatory nasopharyngeal polyp in a young cat via head computed tomographic scan, the mass was no longer present. The cat had not undergone any surgical or medical therapy from Day 0 to Day 145.

Conclusion: Although the standard of care for nasopharyngeal polyps in cats is to conduct the appropriate diagnostics and surgical treatment, this case may provide an alternative management approach if surgical treatment is not feasible or euthanasia is being considered.

Clinical relevance: This article presents a case in which a nasopharyngeal mass, a suspected inflammatory polyp, in a young cat spontaneously resolved with no medical or surgical intervention.