Canadian Veterinary Journal-revue Veterinaire Canadienne最新文献

Neonatal beef calves can succumb to several common diseases, including diarrhea and pneumonia, but death associated with hepatic disease is uncommon in this age group. Since 2022, a syndrome characterized by massive hepatic necrosis has been observed in western Canadian neonatal beef calves. This case series describes the clinical presentation, pathology, and ancillary testing done in 22 cases, highlighting the young age (1 to 5 d), varied symptoms observed, and unique liver pathology. Based on the pathology, a toxic cause was suspected, and toxic copper concentrations in kidney tissues were detected in 9/22 cases. Further investigation is required to understand this potentially emerging disease and prevent further occurrences. Key clinical message: Practitioners and pathologists should be aware of a new syndrome of hepatic necrosis in neonatal beef calves when evaluating neonatal calf mortality on western Canadian beef cattle operations. Further study is needed to understand the epidemiology of this condition.

This report describes the successful video-assisted removals of urinary bladder bullet foreign bodies in 2 cats. In both cases, the cat was presented because of chronic dysuria and hematuria. Diagnostic imaging, including radiography and ultrasonography, identified a foreign body in the bladder, confirmed as a lead pellet. Video-assisted percutaneous endoscopy was used for foreign body removal and bladder inspection. Both cats recovered uneventfully after surgery, with no postoperative complications. This report highlights the advantages of percutaneous and video-laparoscopic-assisted endoscopy in managing urinary bladder foreign bodies in small animals, providing reduced trauma and quick recovery. Key clinical message: Endoscope-assisted foreign body removal from the bladder seems to be a safe and efficient way to retrieve small foreign bodies in cats.

An 11-year-old spayed female terrier mix dog weighing 6.38 kg was presented to the emergency department of a large specialty hospital for hyporexia and lethargy. The dog was diagnosed with a perforated duodenal mass. On exploratory laparotomy, a perforated mass along the duodenal flexure was identified, an intestinal resection and anastomosis was performed, and a nasogastric tube was placed. Two days after surgery, the dog erroneously received 16 mL of a commercially formulated liquid diet through a triple-lumen jugular catheter. When the medical error was detected, 4 mL of diet and blood was aspirated from the jugular catheter. The catheter tip and a sample of the diet were submitted for culture. Culture results of the catheter revealed no growth, but the food grew methicillin-resistant staphylococcus. At 5 d following the inadvertent administration, the dog was discharged on clindamycin 11 mg/kg, q12h and cefpodoxime 7.5 mg/kg, PO, q12h for 10 d. Histopathology of small intestinal mass was consistent with large cell lymphoma. The dog was re-evaluated 2 wk following surgery and was doing well. Key clinical message: Inadvertent intravenous administration of enteral feed is a serious medical error; however, this case report serves to describe a successful outcome.

An 8-year-old spayed female Chihuahua dog was diagnosed with a suspected primary mast cell tumor (MCT) of the left popliteal lymph node (LN). Physical examination, computed tomography, and focused hind-limb ultrasound failed to identify a primary integumentary MCT. Asymmetry of the ipsilateral medial iliac LN was identified on abdominal ultrasound. Surgical excision of the left popliteal and left medial iliac LN was completed without complication. Histologic assessment confirmed overt MCT effacement of both LN. Postoperatively, the dog received adjuvant chemotherapy (vinblastine and prednisone). The dog was alive 562 d after surgery, without evidence of disease recurrence. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report in the veterinary literature documenting a suspected canine primary LN MCT. Key clinical message: Albeit rare, primary LN MCT should be a differential diagnosis for lymphadenopathy in the absence of a primary integumentary tumor.

Thymoma is a common neoplasm of goats; however, literature regarding the best imaging modalities for diagnosis is scarce. In this case, multiple modalities were used during antemortem examination to develop a working diagnosis of a mediastinal mass as the cause of acute respiratory distress in a doe. Computed tomography was subsequently used in conjunction with postmortem examination to fully characterize the mass and confirm metastatic thymoma. This case emphasized how important advanced imaging can be for diagnosis and guiding treatment decisions; furthermore, it highlighted that a combination of alternatives can be used in settings where cross-sectional imaging is not available or feasible. Key clinical message: This report highlights alternative imaging modalities, such as thoracic fluoroscopy, available to diagnose thoracic masses in goats when advanced imaging may not be available or feasible.

Canine oral papillary squamous cell carcinoma is a rare subtype of squamous cell carcinoma with low metastatic potential. This report describes a 6-month-old intact male Labrador retriever dog with a 2.2 × 2.1-centimeter intraoral mass located in the gingiva between the 1st and 2nd right mandibular premolars. Computed tomography revealed an exophytic mass infiltrating the mandible and right mandibular gingiva without evidence of regional lymph node enlargement or distant metastasis. Histopathological evaluation confirmed canine oral papillary squamous cell carcinoma with metastasis to the right mandibular lymph node (surgically removed) and carboplatin was administered postoperatively. At 1404 d post-surgery, no local recurrence or distant metastasis were observed. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first reported case of canine oral papillary squamous cell carcinoma metastasizing to the lymph nodes. The dog was treated with chemotherapy after surgery and had a good long-term prognosis. Key clinical message: Canine oral papillary squamous cell carcinoma has not been reported to metastasize and is usually treated locally with surgery or radiation therapy. However, as in the case reported herein, metastasis to the lymph nodes may occur. In such cases, accurate evaluation of metastasis, including lymph node excision biopsy, and chemotherapy may need to be considered.

Objective: The objective was to measure tear production using Schirmer tear test-1 (STT-1) in dogs with atopic dermatitis, to evaluate for abnormal tear production.

Animals: We evaluated 47 client-owned dogs diagnosed with atopic dermatitis based on history, clinical signs, completion of an elimination diet trial, and fulfillment of at least 5 of Favrot's diagnostic criteria.

Procedure: Schirmer tear test-1 was conducted on each dog. Values < 15 mm/min were consistent with low tear production and suggestive of keratoconjunctivitis sicca. Values > 25 mm/min were consistent with epiphora due to excess lacrimation.

Results: Twenty-one of 47 atopic dogs had STT-1 values outside the normal range in at least 1 eye. Three had STT-1 values < 15 mm/min and 18 had STT-1 values > 25 mm/min in at least 1 eye.

Conclusion and clinical relevance: These findings suggest atopic dermatitis may be associated with altered tear production. However, the absence of a complete ophthalmic assessment precludes definitive conclusions regarding keratoconjunctivitis sicca and epiphora. Future studies to validate these observations could help determine whether routine screening of atopic dogs using the STT-1 can aid in detecting ocular manifestations of canine atopic dermatitis to optimize animal care.