Canadian Veterinary Journal-revue Veterinaire Canadienne最新文献

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the prevalence, risk factors, and types of bacterial isolates associated with subclinical bacteriuria (SBU) in dogs with reduced mobility; and to explore the influence of SBU on surgical-site infection (SSI) in dogs treated surgically for their conditions.

Animals: We studied 140 client-owned dogs.

Procedure: Medical records of dogs with orthopedic and neurological conditions from 3 academic referral hospitals were reviewed. Dogs receiving antimicrobials or showing lower urinary tract signs were excluded. Using generalized linear models, clinical, procedural, and postoperative variables were evaluated as possible risk factors for SBU and SSI.

Results: The prevalence of SBU and the rate of SSI were 8.5% (12/140) and 10.4% (10/96), respectively. Urine culture was completed in 6 of 12 dogs with SBU, and 3 results were positive (Escherichia coli in 2 dogs and Staphylococcus spp. in 1 dog). Four of the 10 dogs that developed SSI received postoperative antimicrobial therapy. The prevalence of SBU and types of bacterial isolates were similar to those in previous reports. Significant risk factors for developing SBU and its association with SSI were not identified.

Conclusion and clinical relevance: Screening and treating for SBU preoperatively remains controversial.

Avian reoviruses (ARVs) are ubiquitous and play a role in diseases affecting various organs in chickens and turkeys. In recent years, tenosynovitis and lameness emerged as the most frequently reported clinical conditions. In this report, we describe a case of neurological disease associated with ARV infection in 4-week-old turkeys in Alberta. A flock of 7650 commercial turkey toms exhibited neurological signs such as torticollis and ataxia that affected ~3 to 4% of birds in the flock. Histologic examination of brain samples collected at 6 wk revealed nonsuppurative encephalitis. A pooled brain sample was positive for ARV by PCR. By 9 wk of age, birds in the flock started developing lameness with no apparent neurological involvement, and tendon samples were positive by PCR. Partial sigma C gene amino acid sequences were obtained for the brain and tendon samples and were 91.4% identical. The brain and tendon samples showed 95.5% and 97.7% amino acid identities to ARVs from Ontario (ARV/Turkey/ON/17-049928) and Pennsylvania (ARV/Turkey/PA/01769-14), respectively. Similar cases are currently being investigated in western Canada. Key clinical message: Avian reoviruses should be considered one of the differential diagnoses in cases of neurological signs in commercial birds.

Objective: To determine the complication rate of canine scrotal urethrostomy (SU) performed with poliglecaprone 25 and identify risk factors for complications.

Animals: We studied 67 dogs treated with SU.

Procedure: Medical records of dogs that underwent SU between 2011 and 2023 at Garden State Veterinary Specialists and its satellite hospitals were reviewed. Information regarding signalment, urinary tract infections, suture pattern, indication for surgery, concurrent surgical procedures, and postoperative complications was recorded.

Results: We found that 21 of 67 (31.34%) dogs experienced minor complications while hospitalized. Average length of hospitalization was 2.18 d. The short-term (< 2 mo) complication rate was 40.6% (26/64), and all were minor complications. Furthermore, 20 of 56 (35.71%) dogs had minor complications at long-term follow-up (> 2 mo). Dogs requiring an SU for conditions such as trauma, paraphimosis, priapism, urethral prolapse, and hypospadias had a 5.32× higher risk of complications than those with urolithiasis. No other significant risk factors for complications were identified.

Conclusion and clinical relevance: We inferred that poliglecaprone 25 may be an acceptable suture material for canine SU. Major complications were rare and long-term outcomes were favorable.

Background: Perianesthetic death or sedation death in companion animals is an infrequent but devastating complication. Few studies have investigated the pathology associated with these deaths.

Objective: To determine clinical features and postmortem findings for submissions to multiple Canadian diagnostic laboratories from perianesthetic/sedation deaths in dogs and cats.

Animals and procedure: Laboratory Information Management Systems were retrospectively reviewed for cases of perianesthetic/sedation death in dogs and cats. Inclusion criteria were: i) whole-body submissions and ii) death within 7 d after the procedure.

Results: Pathology reports determined the cause of death in 43% of dogs (73/168) and 34% of cats (50/147). Spay/neuter surgeries were the most common procedure for which animals were submitted (dogs: n = 72, 31%; cats: n = 111, 58%). The American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status in these animals was low (ASA status I or II) in 94% of dogs (68/72) and 93% of cats (103/111). Clinical history was considered incomplete in 60.3% of cases (242/401).

Conclusion and clinical relevance: These results had similar trends to those in previous studies that identified an important proportion of submissions for perianesthetic/sedation deaths lacked significant lesions to explain the cause of death. This study also identified spay/neuter procedures were involved in the largest proportion of submissions, despite their low pre-anesthetic/sedation risk.

A 10-year-old spayed female bull terrier was brought to a veterinary referral center with abdominal pain. An abdominal ultrasound and CT scan identified a foreign body in the spleen. The object was removed via an ultrasound-guided procedure using Hartmann foreign-body forceps, avoiding the need for laparotomy. The procedure was uncomplicated. The animal was discharged after 24 h of inpatient monitoring and repeated ultrasound examinations. The dog was in good general condition 2 mo after the procedure, with no recurrence of clinical signs. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first reported case of ultrasound-guided removal of a splenic foreign body in a dog. Key clinical message: Ultrasound-guided removal is an alternative method to remove splenic foreign bodies in dogs that is quick to perform and minimally invasive.