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Compositional Quality of Bazna Pork Meat: Comparative Studies with Genetically Improved Breeds 巴兹纳猪肉的组成品质:与基因改良品种的比较研究
Vladuta Marioara Lupau, A. Tabaran, S. Dan, O. Reget, A. Cioca, M. Mihaiu
Pork meat is considered one of the most consumed food products around the world. Pork meat industry is in continuous development because of the high demand on the market. The quality of pork meat is known to be related not only to the breeding conditions but also to the breed. Our study aimed to investigate the differences in compositional parameters of Bazna pork meat and the genetically improved breeds, which are now the main source of meat on the market. Results show that the meat provided by Bazna breed is superior from the compositional aspect from that found on the market. It is therefore important to stimulate and develop the breeding systems of Bazna pigs
猪肉被认为是世界上消费最多的食品之一。由于市场需求旺盛,猪肉产业持续发展。众所周知,猪肉的质量不仅与养殖条件有关,而且与品种有关。我们的研究旨在调查巴兹纳猪肉和基因改良品种组成参数的差异,这些品种是目前市场上肉类的主要来源。结果表明,巴兹纳品种提供的肉在成分方面优于市场上发现的肉。因此,刺激和发展巴兹那猪的育种系统是很重要的
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引用次数: 0
Hematological Parameters of Alpine Goats in Bosnia and Herzegovina 波黑高山山羊血液学参数研究
A. Livnjak, N. Hadžimusić
The aim of our study was to assess the values of hematological profile of Alpine goats in Bosnia and Herzegovina in order to monitor health status of goats; moreover, to determine the effect of age on hematological parameters of goats. A total of 40 apparently healthy Alpine goats included in this study were divided into four groups according to age: <1 year old (Group 1), 1 to 3 years old (Group 2), 3 to 5 years old (Group 3) and >5 years old (Group 4). The following hematological parameters were measured: Red Blood Cell count (RBC), hematocrit (HCT), hemoglobin (HGB), Mean Cell Volume (MCV), Mean Cell Hemoglobin (MCH), Mean Cell Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC), Reticulocyte count (RETIC), White Blood Cell (WBC), as well as white blood cells differentiation and determination of absolute values white blood cells; platelet count (PLT), and Mean Platelet Volume (MPV). All values investigated in our study were within reference range, except MCHC, percentage of neutrophils and percentage of monocytes. For investigated hematologic parameters, significant (P < 0.05) age-related differences were found for HCT, MCV, MCHC, WBC, lymphocytes and platelet count. Recorded differences might be influenced by undetected infections, genetics, nutrition, fluctuations in the climate or management.
本研究的目的是评估波黑高山山羊血液学特征值,以监测山羊的健康状况;此外,确定年龄对山羊血液学参数的影响。选取40只表面健康的高山山羊,按年龄分为4组:5岁(第4组)。测定血液学指标:红细胞计数(RBC)、红细胞压积(HCT)、血红蛋白(HGB)、平均细胞体积(MCV)、平均细胞血红蛋白(MCH)、平均细胞血红蛋白浓度(MCHC)、网织红细胞计数(RETIC)、白细胞(WBC),以及白细胞分化和白细胞绝对值的测定;血小板计数(PLT)和平均血小板体积(MPV)。除MCHC、中性粒细胞百分比和单核细胞百分比外,本研究调查的所有数值均在参考范围内。在血液学指标调查中,HCT、MCV、MCHC、WBC、淋巴细胞和血小板计数的年龄相关差异显著(P < 0.05)。记录的差异可能受到未被发现的感染、遗传、营养、气候波动或管理的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Evolution of some Haematological Parameters during the Process of Spontaneous Moult in Hy-Line Brown Hens 海兰褐鸡自然换羽过程中一些血液学参数的演变
Cristian Genes, M. Gurău, Dana Mihaela Cretu, N. Dojană
The purpose of this paper was to find out the evolution of the main haematological parameters in Hy-Line var. Brown hens raised in industrial system, during a natural moult process. The process of spontaneous moult started towards the end of the laying cycle (63 weeks of age) and lasted about seven weeks. Two groups were set up for monitoring: a control group of hens that did not show signs of moult and an experimental group of spontaneously moulted hens. Blood was sampled weekly, from the moment of observing the onset of moult, to the complete re-dressing with feathers, respectively a period of seven weeks. Haematological parameters showed a specific dynamic during this process. This dynamic is dominated by a decrease in red blood cells, packed cell volume and haemoglobin (P<0.05), on the one hand, and a decrease in the white cell number and in the percentage of lymphocytes (P<0.05) on the other. These changes take place predominantly in the first three weeks of the moult period. In the next period of the process, the modified haematological parameters return to the values comparable to those of the control (P > 0.05).
本研究旨在了解工业系统饲养的海兰种鸡在自然换羽过程中主要血液学参数的演变。产蛋周期结束时(63周龄)开始自发换羽,持续约7周。设置了两组进行监测:对照组的母鸡没有蜕皮的迹象,试验组的母鸡自然蜕皮。从观察蜕皮开始的那一刻起,到完全用羽毛重新包扎,每周采样一次,分别为7周。在此过程中,血液学参数表现出特定的动态变化。这种动态主要是红细胞、堆积细胞体积和血红蛋白的减少(P < 0.05)。
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引用次数: 0
Simple Continuous Versus Cushing Suture for Jejunal end-to-end Anastomosis in the Dogs: a Comparative Study 简单连续缝合与库欣缝合在犬空肠端到端吻合中的比较研究
C. Igna, R. Dascalu, C. Zaha, B. Sicoe, I. Brudiu, L. Schuszler
For the anastomosis of canine jejunum, single-layer appositional closures are preferred to inverting or everting patterns, whereas inverted or everted closures require second-intention healing and increase the risk of luminal stenosis or anastomosis site leakage. Nevertheless, following simple continuous sutures, the dehiscence rates remain high. Our objectives were to compare the appositional simple continuous sutures with the inverting Cushing sutures, investigating: suture resistance, bursting pressure, lumen diameters on canine cadavers, as well as survival and complication rates in canine clinical cases. Our ex vivo experimental results indicate that: the efforts to which sutures are submitted to in anastomoses are minimal for the Cushing suture, the differences between the bursting pressure measured for the two types of sutures indicate the superiority of the Cushing suture, the difference in size of the anastomoses’ lumen between the two sutures are minimal. The retrospective analysis of intestinal end-to-end anastomoses (123 - simple continuous sutures and 388 - Cushing sutures) revealed 7 anastomotic complications, all following simple continuous anastomoses. Our results reveal the superiority of the Cushing suture, compared to simple continuous suture, which emphasizes the fact that the Cushing suture should be considered a good option when performing end-to-end jejunal anastomoses in canine patient.
对于犬空肠的吻合,单层相对于内翻或内翻的闭合方式更可取,而内翻或内翻闭合需要二次愈合,增加管腔狭窄或吻合口漏的风险。然而,在简单的连续缝合后,破裂率仍然很高。我们的目的是比较顺位简单连续缝合与倒置库欣缝合,研究犬尸体上的缝合阻力、破裂压力、管腔直径,以及犬临床病例的存活率和并发症发生率。我们的离体实验结果表明:库欣缝线对吻合口施加的压力最小,两种缝线测量的破裂压力差异表明库欣缝线的优越性,两种缝线的吻合口腔大小差异最小。回顾性分析小肠端到端吻合术(123例简单连续吻合术和388例库欣吻合术)7例吻合并发症,均采用简单连续吻合术。我们的结果显示了库欣缝合相对于简单连续缝合的优越性,这也强调了在犬患者进行端到端空肠吻合术时,库欣缝合是一个很好的选择。
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引用次数: 0
Skin Bacteriome and its Resistance to Antibiotics in Free Range Pigs 散养猪皮肤细菌群及其对抗生素的耐药性
Laura Andreea Rusu, E. Páll, D. Olah, C. Cerbu, C. Sandru, M. Spînu, G. Duca, A. Vasi̇u
The cutaneous microbiome and also its resistance to antibiotics is exposed to change, depending on different habitat factors. This research investigates the composition of cutaneous microflora and its antibiotic resistance in pigs raised on free range farms (mix breed swine, from low input small farms). Swabs were collected from the skin surface and subjected to classical microbiological methods (simple broth and nutrient agar cultivation, colony isolation and biochemical API identification). The antibacterial resistance to gentamicin, streptomycin, oxitetracycline, tylosin, amoxacillin-clavulanic acid, marbofloxacin, tulatromycin, cefotaxime and doxycycline was estimated by Kirby Bauer method and multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) index was calculated. Strains from Staphylococcus (sciuri and warnerii), Shigella spp., Kytococcus sedentarius, Salmonella spp. and Citrobacter freundii genera and species were identified in the collected samples. The most resistant was a S. warnerii strain, but the MAR index was high (0.33) in 50% of the strains. The most efficient antibiotic was cefotaxime and the least efficient was oxitetracycline. The results indicated the presence of antibiotic resistant ubiquitous and pathogenic strains in the investigated pigs which need caution, since they could express pathogenicity under appropriate conditions which low input farming system could provide.
根据不同的生境因素,皮肤微生物群及其对抗生素的耐药性会发生变化。本研究调查了散养猪(混合种猪,来自低投入小猪场)皮肤微生物群的组成及其抗生素耐药性。从皮肤表面收集拭子,进行经典的微生物学方法(简单的肉汤和营养琼脂培养、菌落分离和生物化学原料药鉴定)。采用Kirby Bauer法对庆大霉素、链霉素、氧化四环素、泰洛星、阿莫西林-克拉维酸、马布沙星、土曲霉素、头孢噻肟和强力霉素的耐药性进行评估,并计算多重抗生素耐药指数(MAR)。在采集的样品中鉴定出葡萄球菌(希氏葡萄球菌和沃纳氏葡萄球菌)、志贺氏葡萄球菌、静止Kytococcus、沙门氏菌和freundii Citrobacter属和种。耐药程度最高的是一株瓦纳氏链球菌,但50%的菌株的MAR指数较高(0.33)。最有效的抗生素是头孢噻肟,最无效的是奥西环素。结果表明,在所调查的猪中存在普遍存在的耐药菌株和致病性菌株,这些菌株在低投入养殖系统所能提供的适当条件下也能表现出致病性,需要谨慎处理。
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引用次数: 0
Research on Phosphorus Requirements in Red-Mini-Rock Hens Fed on Different Cereal-Based Diets 不同谷类饲粮对红小岩蛋鸡磷需要量的研究
Mihai Cristian Mărgărit, Roxana Mărgărit, Cristiana Genes, Mădălina Cioaric, N. Dojană
The aim of this paper was to determine the available phosphorus requirements in Red-Mini-Rock hens fed on wheat and maize-based diets combined with different levels of phosphorus supplemented in the form of mono- and dicalcium phosphate, based on the effect on the main properties of the eggs. Three diets based on wheat (50%) having three levels of phosphorus, 4.5, 3.0 and 1.5 g/100 g dry matter diet, respectively, and three diets based on maize (58%), with the same supplemented phosphorus levels were designed. Feed intake, laying performance and egg weight were not modified by feeding. The thickness and weight of the egg shell were higher (P˂0.05) in groups of hens fed on phosphorus supplemented levels of 3.3 and 4.4 g/100 g diet in both wheat-based and maize-based diets. Breaking strength of the eggshell was significantly higher (P˂0.05) in the groups of hens fed on maize-based diets supplemented 4.5 and 3.0% in phosphorus, respectively. The internal characteristics of the eggs were not significantly altered, excepting the color of the yolk, which showed a significantly higher reflectivity absorption capacity (P˂0.05) in the groups fed on maize-based diets.
本试验旨在根据对鸡蛋主要性能的影响,确定以小麦和玉米为基础的饲粮中添加不同水平磷酸一钙和磷酸二钙对红迷你岩蛋鸡有效磷的需要量。试验设计了3种以小麦为基础(50%)、磷水平分别为4.5、3.0和1.5 g/100 g干物质饲粮的饲粮,以及3种以玉米为基础(58%)、磷添加水平相同的饲粮。采食量、产蛋性能和蛋重不受饲喂影响。小麦基饲粮和玉米基饲粮中磷添加水平分别为3.3和4.4 g/100 g的蛋鸡,蛋壳厚度和重量均较高(P小于0.05)。玉米基础饲粮中磷含量分别为4.5%和3.0%组的蛋壳破溃强度显著高于对照组(P小于0.05)。除了蛋黄的颜色外,鸡蛋的内部特征没有显著改变,在以玉米为基础的饲料中,蛋黄的反射率吸收能力明显高于其他各组(P值小于0.05)。
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引用次数: 0
Clinically Considerations About Induced Experimental Periodontitis in Rats Treated by Photodynamic Therapy 光动力治疗大鼠实验性牙周炎的临床观察
Ș. Mureșan, A. Dreanca, C. Repciuc, F. Tăbăran, R. Pop, Cosmina Dejescu, B. Sevastre, Raluca David, A. Pop, S. Pantea, L. Oana
Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory condition that affects the soft and hard tissue supporting the tooth, favoring the adhesion of bacteria that can generate dental laxity and bone resorption. This study aimed to test an experimental protocol for inducing periodontitis which allows a close clinical assessment and to evaluate the effectiveness of a photodynamic therapy (PDT) protocol to reverse the associated clinical signs. Fifteen Wistar male rats were used for this study, divided into three equal groups. Tooth scaling, rooting and planning of the first superior left molar were performed in all rats, causing the displacement of the gingiva in order to create an accumulation of plaque. A 5-0 cotton ligature was placed, provoking an inflammatory response removed after ten days. One group received one session of PDT; another group received 3 PDT; the last one represented the control group, with no treatment. Clinical evaluation was represented by assessing the body weight, mobility index and bleeding. A rat grimace scale was used to determine the pain. The results showed clinical aspects of periodontitis and healing tissue proved microscopically. The tested procedure can provide all the key biological factors present in periodontal disease and an option for reversing the clinical aspects.
牙周炎是一种慢性炎症,影响支撑牙齿的软硬组织,有利于细菌的粘附,从而导致牙齿松弛和骨吸收。本研究旨在测试一种诱导牙周炎的实验方案,该方案允许进行密切的临床评估,并评估光动力疗法(PDT)方案逆转相关临床症状的有效性。本研究使用15只Wistar雄性大鼠,分为三组。所有的大鼠都进行了第一上左磨牙的洗牙、生根和规划,导致牙龈位移,从而产生牙菌斑的积累。用5-0的棉线结扎,引起炎症反应,10天后消除。一组接受一次PDT治疗;另一组接受3次PDT治疗;最后一组代表对照组,没有接受任何治疗。临床评价以体重、活动指数、出血为主要指标。用大鼠鬼脸量表来测定疼痛程度。结果显示牙周炎的临床方面和愈合组织的显微镜证实。测试程序可以提供所有关键的生物因素存在于牙周病和逆转临床方面的选择。
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引用次数: 0
The Effects of Cannabidiol on Canine Epilepsy and Arthritis – a Case Study 大麻二酚对犬癫痫和关节炎的影响-一个案例研究
Andra Popescu, Debra Rebeca Băzărea, A. Dreanca, O. Sárpataki, B. Sevastre, I. Marcus
Cannabidiol oil (CBD) has gained notoriety in recent years due to its effectiveness as an adjuvant therapy in many pathologies.The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of CBD in the management of pain and the associated pathologies of epilepsy and arthritis, on a single subject, a female Labrador, 12.5 years old at the beginning of the study. The therapeutic protocol used was the administration of CBD oil, sublingually, in doses of 2.25 mg/kg/day. Hematology and biochemistry were performed at 3, 6 and 12 months. Radiology was performed before the study began and after 6 months.After the first month, a decrease in the number and severity of epilepsy crises was observed. Beginning with the first 2 weeks of CBD oil administration, the patient was already experiencing an improvement in her mobility along with general pain remittance and the amelioration of her 3rd degree lameness, quantified by the Colorado Pain Scale. After 5 months of CBD administration, with no seizures recorded, phenytoin therapy was ceased. After 8 months, phenobarbital was also excluded from the therapeutic protocol, thus making CBD an independent the rapeutic molecule. CBD appears to be a useful molecule in managing both pain and epilepsy.
近年来,大麻二酚油(CBD)因其在许多疾病中作为辅助治疗的有效性而声名狼藉。本研究的目的是评估CBD在治疗疼痛以及癫痫和关节炎相关病理方面的作用,研究对象是一只12.5岁的雌性拉布拉多犬。使用的治疗方案是舌下给药CBD油,剂量为2.25 mg/kg/天。分别于3、6、12个月进行血液学和生化检查。在研究开始前和6个月后分别进行放射学检查。第一个月后,观察到癫痫发作的次数和严重程度有所下降。从使用CBD油的前2周开始,患者的活动能力已经得到改善,疼痛减轻,三度跛行也得到改善,通过Colorado疼痛量表进行量化。施用CBD 5个月后,无癫痫发作记录,苯妥英治疗停止。8个月后,苯巴比妥也被排除在治疗方案之外,从而使CBD成为独立的治疗分子。CBD似乎是治疗疼痛和癫痫的有效分子。
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引用次数: 0
Bactericidal Capacity of Serum and Enhancement of Specific Cell-Mediated Immunity Subsequent to Hipopphae Rhamnoides Treatment in Pigs 猪沙棘多糖处理后血清杀菌能力和特异性细胞介导免疫的增强
Laura Andreea Rusu, A. Vasi̇u, E. Páll, D. Olah, C. Cerbu, C. Sandru, G. Duca, M. Spînu
Low-input farming subject’s swine to increased immune stress and subsequent infectious risk, which could be prevented by phytotherapy. Hypopphae rhamnoides is a widespread shrub in both Europe and Asia. The research aimed at investigating the influence of a whole fruit extract on antibacterial effect of the serum in extensively raised, two batches, sea buckthorn in vivo treated/untreated pigs. Scavenging effect over DPPH was used to estimate the antioxidant potential of the sea buckthorn commercial syrup (Steaua Divina©). Minimal inhibiting (MIC) and minimal bactericidal (MBC) capacity of the serum were tested and spectrophotometrically measured against Shigella spp., Kitococcus sedentarius, Staphylococcus werneri and Staphylococcus sciuri. The antioxidant activity of the syrup was intermediate (54.65 %). Sera from treated pigs had bactericidal and bacteriostatic effect on Shigella spp. and S. sciuri, respectively. Shigella spp. growth was inhibited at serum dilutions of ½-1/32 while much lower ½-1/4 dilutions were active against S. sciuri. In untreated pigs, the sera were inefficient in either stopping or totally inhibiting bacterial growth. The MBC and MIC values obtained for the sera of pigs treated with Hippophae rhamnoides syrup supported the positive effect of the in vivo treatment inducive of potential protection against bacterial diseases.
低投入养殖主体猪的免疫应激增加和随后的感染风险,可通过植物疗法加以预防。沙棘是一种广泛分布于欧洲和亚洲的灌木。本研究旨在探讨一种全果提取物对粗养两批沙棘在体处理/未处理猪血清抗菌作用的影响。通过对DPPH的清除作用来评估沙棘商业糖浆(Steaua Divina©)的抗氧化潜力。采用分光光度法测定血清对志贺氏菌、静留Kitococcus、werneri葡萄球菌和sciuri葡萄球菌的最小抑制(MIC)和最小杀菌(MBC)能力。该糖浆的抗氧化活性为中等水平(54.65%)。经处理的猪血清对志贺氏菌和sciuri链球菌分别有杀菌和抑菌作用。志贺氏菌的生长在1/ 2 -1/32的血清稀释液中受到抑制,而在1/ 2 -1/4的血清稀释液中对猪链球菌有抑制作用。在未经治疗的猪中,血清在阻止或完全抑制细菌生长方面都是无效的。沙棘糖浆对猪血清的MBC和MIC值支持了沙棘糖浆在体内治疗的积极作用,对细菌性疾病具有潜在的保护作用。
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引用次数: 0
Histochemical Evaluation of Mucin-Secreting Cell Activity in the Stomach of the Wistar Rat Wistar大鼠胃粘液分泌细胞活性的组织化学评价
E. Huțanu, A. Damian, I. Rațiu, V. Rus, M-C Matei-Latiu, C. Martonoș, A. Gal
Mucin plays a very important role in the physiological function of the stomach in all species, but the representation of mucin-secreting cells differs from species to species. The aim of this study was to highlight these cells in the stomach of the Wistar rat. For histological investigations, fragments of the stomach from the three main regions (cardiac, fundic and pyloric) were harvested from four Wistar rats and further stained with PAS and Alcian blue methods. The histochemical results showed the presence of mucin-secreting cells in the examined tissues. An intense PAS positive reaction was found in the surface epithelium cells of the gastric mucosa and in the cells lining the gastric crypts in all the three segments. In the deep glandular structures, the cells of the cardiac and fundic glands are PAS negative, while those of the pyloric glands are all PAS positive. For Alcian blue reaction, the cells lining the gastric mucosa and the crypts in the three regions of the stomach were negative. In the glands, the cells of the cardiac and fundic glands were Alcian negative while in the pyloric glands, a limited number of cells arranged in the deep third of the glands showed a weak positive Alcian reaction. In conclusion, the vast majority of glandular cells in the rat's stomach do not synthesize acidic mucins, except for cells in the deep part of the pyloric glands, which synthesize small amounts of such mucins.
黏液蛋白在所有物种胃的生理功能中都起着非常重要的作用,但不同物种分泌黏液蛋白的细胞表现不同。这项研究的目的是在Wistar大鼠的胃中突出这些细胞。为了进行组织学研究,从4只Wistar大鼠的三个主要区域(心脏、胃底和幽门)采集胃碎片,并进一步用PAS和阿利新蓝法染色。组织化学结果显示在检查组织中存在粘液分泌细胞。胃黏膜表面上皮细胞及三节段胃隐窝细胞均有强烈的PAS阳性反应。在深层腺体结构中,心脏和底腺细胞PAS阴性,幽门腺细胞PAS均阳性。对于阿利新蓝反应,胃粘膜和胃三个区域的隐窝细胞呈阴性。在腺体中,心脏和底腺的细胞呈阿利新阴性,而幽门腺中,排列在腺体深三分之一的有限数量的细胞呈弱的阿利新阳性反应。综上所述,大鼠胃内绝大多数腺体细胞不合成酸性粘蛋白,只有幽门腺深部的细胞能合成少量酸性粘蛋白。
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引用次数: 0
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Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Veterinary Medicine
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