Pub Date : 2022-05-14DOI: 10.15835/buasvmcn-vm:2021.0026
Gabriela Valentina Vesa, Anette Iudit GHEIŢI-HEGHEDUŞ, M. Mihaiu, L. Colobatiu, Dariana Bratfelan, A. Cioca
The excessive or uncontrolled use of antibiotics in poultry farming can lead to contaminated food products. Subsequently, the human consumption of products contaminated with these substances increases the global phenomenon of antibiotic resistance. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method suitable for the determination of sulfonamide residues in poultry meat and to check the presence of residues in random samples. The level of antimicrobial resistance was identified in order to evaluate the current stage and to estimate the tendency of this phenomenon. The HPLC method validation was performed in accordance with Commission Regulation (EC) No 657/2002 of 14 August 2002 Samples of fresh meat collected from a poultry slaughterhouse were analysed using the validated method in order to reveal the level of contamination. The data from EFSA was collected and analysed following the antimicrobial resistance for isolates of Salmonella spp., E. coli and Campylobacter spp. The method had good selectivity, linearity (R2 ≥ 0.99), precision (<6%), recoverybetween 97.7-109.6% and low limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) Sulfaquinoxaline residues were present in 2 samples and the level of contamination did not exceed the Maximum Residue Level (31.98 ± 5.18 µg/kg and 23.70 ± 3.84 µg/kg). The analysis of data from EFSA highlighted the general presence of antimicrobial resistance especially for the following antibiotics: ciprofloxacin, tetracycline, nalidixic acid, ampicillin, sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim. The present study brings a contribution to the process of stopping antibiotic resistance through new methods of monitorization of sulfonamide residues. The statistical data shows that there is a direct correlation between the market availability of antibiotics used in poultry farming and the occurrence of antibiotic resistance.
在家禽养殖中过度或不加控制地使用抗生素会导致食品受到污染。随后，人类食用受这些物质污染的产品增加了抗生素耐药性的全球现象。本研究的目的是建立和验证一种高效液相色谱法(HPLC)，适用于测定家禽肉中磺胺残留，并检查随机样品中的残留情况。确定抗菌药物耐药性水平，以评估目前的阶段和估计这种现象的趋势。根据2002年8月14日欧盟委员会条例(EC) No 657/2002对从家禽屠宰场采集的鲜肉样本进行HPLC方法验证，使用验证方法分析以显示污染水平。对沙门氏菌、大肠杆菌和弯曲杆菌的耐药性进行分析，结果表明，该方法具有良好的选择性，线性度(R2≥0.99)，精密度(<6%)，回收率在97.7 ~ 109.6%之间，低检出限(LOD)和定量限(LOQ)， 2份样品中均有磺胺喹诺啉残留，污染水平不超过最大残留限量(31.98±5.18µg/kg和23.70±3.84µg/kg)。对欧洲食品安全局数据的分析强调了抗菌素耐药性的普遍存在，特别是对以下抗生素:环丙沙星、四环素、萘啶酸、氨苄西林、磺胺甲恶唑和甲氧苄啶。本研究通过磺胺残留监测的新方法为阻止抗生素耐药性的进程做出了贡献。统计数据表明，家禽养殖中使用的抗生素的市场可得性与抗生素耐药性的发生之间存在直接关联。
{"title":"Studies Regarding the Detection of Sulfonamide Residues and Evaluation of the Level of Contamination in Poultry Meat","authors":"Gabriela Valentina Vesa, Anette Iudit GHEIŢI-HEGHEDUŞ, M. Mihaiu, L. Colobatiu, Dariana Bratfelan, A. Cioca","doi":"10.15835/buasvmcn-vm:2021.0026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/buasvmcn-vm:2021.0026","url":null,"abstract":"The excessive or uncontrolled use of antibiotics in poultry farming can lead to contaminated food products. Subsequently, the human consumption of products contaminated with these substances increases the global phenomenon of antibiotic resistance. The aim of this study was to develop and validate a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method suitable for the determination of sulfonamide residues in poultry meat and to check the presence of residues in random samples. The level of antimicrobial resistance was identified in order to evaluate the current stage and to estimate the tendency of this phenomenon. The HPLC method validation was performed in accordance with Commission Regulation (EC) No 657/2002 of 14 August 2002 Samples of fresh meat collected from a poultry slaughterhouse were analysed using the validated method in order to reveal the level of contamination. The data from EFSA was collected and analysed following the antimicrobial resistance for isolates of Salmonella spp., E. coli and Campylobacter spp. The method had good selectivity, linearity (R2 ≥ 0.99), precision (<6%), recoverybetween 97.7-109.6% and low limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) Sulfaquinoxaline residues were present in 2 samples and the level of contamination did not exceed the Maximum Residue Level (31.98 ± 5.18 µg/kg and 23.70 ± 3.84 µg/kg). The analysis of data from EFSA highlighted the general presence of antimicrobial resistance especially for the following antibiotics: ciprofloxacin, tetracycline, nalidixic acid, ampicillin, sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim. The present study brings a contribution to the process of stopping antibiotic resistance through new methods of monitorization of sulfonamide residues. The statistical data shows that there is a direct correlation between the market availability of antibiotics used in poultry farming and the occurrence of antibiotic resistance. ","PeriodicalId":9470,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Veterinary Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73589601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-14DOI: 10.15835/buasvmcn-vm:2021.0036
B. Lungu, O. Georgescu, B. Tudor, C. Mircu, P. Barrow, Hortensja Ł. Brzóska, I. Huțu
The resistance to antimicrobial substances severely impacts public health and the abuse of antibiotics leads to antimicrobial resistance (AMR) or the antibiotic "resistome" (Wright, 2007). Bovine mastitis is largely diagnosed in dairy farms and is caused by a variety of pathogens including Streptococcus spp., Staphylococcus spp. and Escherichia coli. AMR gene expression testing in bacteria involved in mastitis in dairy cows was performed. Milk samples were subjected to the California Mastitis Test. Positive samples were transferred using eSwab, cultured on Columbia blood agar and on MacConkey agar. The Qiagen DNeasy kit was used for DNA extraction and qPCRs were run using an Agilent thermocycler. In most of the samples tested (n = 42, from three different lactating farms), the presence of ampC (36 out of 42; 85.7%) and blaZ (95.2%), correlated with confirmed resistance to beta-lactam and cephalosporin antibiotics. A variable presence of other tested AMR genes was detected, including ermB, resistance to lincosamide, macrolide (35.7%), ermC (28.6%), erythromycin resistance, mecA,methicillinresistance (42.9%), and tetK, tetracyclineresistance (78.6%). The phenomenon of antimicrobial resistance is present in dairy farms in West Romania. Multiple AMR genes were detected intested samples, with the highest resistance observed to beta-lactam antibiotics and cephalosporins.
{"title":"Determinants of Infection as Genetic Indicators in Cows Mastitis","authors":"B. Lungu, O. Georgescu, B. Tudor, C. Mircu, P. Barrow, Hortensja Ł. Brzóska, I. Huțu","doi":"10.15835/buasvmcn-vm:2021.0036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/buasvmcn-vm:2021.0036","url":null,"abstract":"The resistance to antimicrobial substances severely impacts public health and the abuse of antibiotics leads to antimicrobial resistance (AMR) or the antibiotic \"resistome\" (Wright, 2007). Bovine mastitis is largely diagnosed in dairy farms and is caused by a variety of pathogens including Streptococcus spp., Staphylococcus spp. and Escherichia coli. AMR gene expression testing in bacteria involved in mastitis in dairy cows was performed. Milk samples were subjected to the California Mastitis Test. Positive samples were transferred using eSwab, cultured on Columbia blood agar and on MacConkey agar. The Qiagen DNeasy kit was used for DNA extraction and qPCRs were run using an Agilent thermocycler. In most of the samples tested (n = 42, from three different lactating farms), the presence of ampC (36 out of 42; 85.7%) and blaZ (95.2%), correlated with confirmed resistance to beta-lactam and cephalosporin antibiotics. A variable presence of other tested AMR genes was detected, including ermB, resistance to lincosamide, macrolide (35.7%), ermC (28.6%), erythromycin resistance, mecA,methicillinresistance (42.9%), and tetK, tetracyclineresistance (78.6%). The phenomenon of antimicrobial resistance is present in dairy farms in West Romania. Multiple AMR genes were detected intested samples, with the highest resistance observed to beta-lactam antibiotics and cephalosporins.","PeriodicalId":9470,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Veterinary Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80442698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-14DOI: 10.15835/buasvmcn-vm:2021.0028
Filippos Georgios Nikolau, A. Fat, Alexandra Negrila, Arghir Ilea, R. Mihaiu, M. Mihaiu, S. Dan
The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality parameters of raw buffalo milk, by determining the physicochemical parameters with major impact in terms of milk quality, number of somatic cells and total number of viable counts, at the level of a commercial farm. Over a period of 12 months, samples of raw buffalo milk were collected and analyzed from a farm authorized for the production of buffalo milk, resulting in a dynamic evaluation of quality parameters. The raw milk samples were analyzed using the - CombiFossTM7 equipment. which analyzes all the parameters necessary for official controls of milk production and quality. The averages for the results of the physicochemical parameters fat, protein, lactose, total solids and urea were 8.821 g/100 g, 4.400 g/100 g, 4.291 g/100 g, 17.93 g/100g and 27.08 mg/dL, respectively. Even if the gross composition does not exceed the allowed limits, the TVC exceeded the European standards in the case of 58.3% of the analyzed samples, the annual average being 2059.65x1000 cfu/ml. The value of the SCC average obtained was 304.85x1000 cells/ml, in accordance with the European standard. The values of SCC and TVC are increasing during the sheltering period, which means poor hygiene conditions.
{"title":"Dynamic Evaluation of the Quality Parameters of Raw Buffalo Milk Using a High-Performance Equipment","authors":"Filippos Georgios Nikolau, A. Fat, Alexandra Negrila, Arghir Ilea, R. Mihaiu, M. Mihaiu, S. Dan","doi":"10.15835/buasvmcn-vm:2021.0028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/buasvmcn-vm:2021.0028","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality parameters of raw buffalo milk, by determining the physicochemical parameters with major impact in terms of milk quality, number of somatic cells and total number of viable counts, at the level of a commercial farm. Over a period of 12 months, samples of raw buffalo milk were collected and analyzed from a farm authorized for the production of buffalo milk, resulting in a dynamic evaluation of quality parameters. The raw milk samples were analyzed using the - CombiFossTM7 equipment. which analyzes all the parameters necessary for official controls of milk production and quality. The averages for the results of the physicochemical parameters fat, protein, lactose, total solids and urea were 8.821 g/100 g, 4.400 g/100 g, 4.291 g/100 g, 17.93 g/100g and 27.08 mg/dL, respectively. Even if the gross composition does not exceed the allowed limits, the TVC exceeded the European standards in the case of 58.3% of the analyzed samples, the annual average being 2059.65x1000 cfu/ml. The value of the SCC average obtained was 304.85x1000 cells/ml, in accordance with the European standard. The values of SCC and TVC are increasing during the sheltering period, which means poor hygiene conditions.","PeriodicalId":9470,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Veterinary Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86398179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-14DOI: 10.15835/buasvmcn-vm:2021.0020
Vlad Lupu, N. Tudor
Obstruction caused by esophageal foreign bodies is a common condition in dogs, usually due to dietary indiscretion. The aim of the study was the clinical and imaging description of a series of dogs with esophageal foreign bodies. This study included 11 dogs of various breeds, ages and both sexes that showed signs compatible with esophageal obstruction. The imaging examination revealed the presence of foreign bodies (represented by bones and metal objects) in different segments of the esophagus, including both the cervical segment (2 cases) and intrathoracic segment (9 cases). Given the consequences of the presence of foreign bodies in the esophagus, the imaging examination represent the main tool in determining the location of the foreign body for therapeutic management.
{"title":"Retrospective Study on Radiographic Diagnosis of Esophageal Foreign Bodies in Dogs","authors":"Vlad Lupu, N. Tudor","doi":"10.15835/buasvmcn-vm:2021.0020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/buasvmcn-vm:2021.0020","url":null,"abstract":"Obstruction caused by esophageal foreign bodies is a common condition in dogs, usually due to dietary indiscretion. The aim of the study was the clinical and imaging description of a series of dogs with esophageal foreign bodies. This study included 11 dogs of various breeds, ages and both sexes that showed signs compatible with esophageal obstruction. The imaging examination revealed the presence of foreign bodies (represented by bones and metal objects) in different segments of the esophagus, including both the cervical segment (2 cases) and intrathoracic segment (9 cases). Given the consequences of the presence of foreign bodies in the esophagus, the imaging examination represent the main tool in determining the location of the foreign body for therapeutic management. ","PeriodicalId":9470,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Veterinary Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83726654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-14DOI: 10.15835/buasvmcn-vm:2021.0027
M. Turcu, A. Paștiu, L. Bel, Vlad Cocostîrc, F. Lucaci, D. Pusta
Most companion birds have no distinct sexual dimorphic traits. The aim of this study was to identify the CHD genes from sexual chromosomes of birds (ZW) from various tissue samples. Feathers, oral swabs, blood and various tissues (by necropsy) were collected from four companion bird species (Gallus gallus domesticus, Melopsittacus undulatus, Psittacus erithacus, Ara ararauna). Feathers were processed mechanically using the Tissue Lyser II. DNA isolation was performed using the Isolate II Genomic DNA, Bioline kit. PCR was performed according to Griffiths et al. (1998) using P2/P8 primers. Chicken whose DNA sexing was identified based on phenotypic characters, was confirmed by PCR. Budgerigars whose DNA sexing identified a male and female have been confirmed based on necropsy results. African Grey Parrot whose sex was identified by DNA sexing as female was confirmed based on a genetic sexing previously performed. The Blue and Yellow Macaw, whose sex was determined as male by DNA sexing, was confirmed based on necropsy results. DNA concentration was higher in blood samples than in oral swabs or feathers. Blood collection is considered an invasive procedure in birds. For feather samples, mechanical denaturation before DNA extraction is recommended. Oral swab samples are suitable for isolating and amplifying DNA in birds.
大多数伴侣鸟没有明显的两性二态特征。本研究旨在从不同组织样本中鉴定鸟类性染色体(ZW)中的冠心病基因。收集了4种伴侣鸟(家鸡、波状斑胸鹦鹉、灰背鹦鹉、阿腊腊鹦鹉)的羽毛、口腔拭子、血液和各种组织(尸检)。使用组织裂解机II对羽毛进行机械加工。使用Isolate II Genomic DNA, Bioline试剂盒进行DNA分离。PCR方法参照Griffiths et al.(1998)使用P2/P8引物进行。根据鸡的表型特征确定了鸡的DNA性别，并通过PCR进行了验证。根据尸检结果，一种虎皮鹦鹉的DNA性别鉴定为雄性和雌性。非洲灰鹦鹉，通过DNA性别鉴定为雌性，根据先前进行的基因性别鉴定确认。这只蓝黄金刚鹦鹉通过DNA性别鉴定被确定为雄性，并根据尸检结果得到了确认。血液样本中的DNA浓度高于口腔拭子或羽毛中的DNA浓度。对鸟类来说，采血被认为是一种侵入性的过程。对于羽毛样品，建议在提取DNA之前进行机械变性。口腔拭子样本适用于分离和扩增鸟类DNA。
{"title":"DNA Sex Identification Using Different Biological Samples from Four Companion Bird Species","authors":"M. Turcu, A. Paștiu, L. Bel, Vlad Cocostîrc, F. Lucaci, D. Pusta","doi":"10.15835/buasvmcn-vm:2021.0027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/buasvmcn-vm:2021.0027","url":null,"abstract":"Most companion birds have no distinct sexual dimorphic traits. The aim of this study was to identify the CHD genes from sexual chromosomes of birds (ZW) from various tissue samples. Feathers, oral swabs, blood and various tissues (by necropsy) were collected from four companion bird species (Gallus gallus domesticus, Melopsittacus undulatus, Psittacus erithacus, Ara ararauna). Feathers were processed mechanically using the Tissue Lyser II. DNA isolation was performed using the Isolate II Genomic DNA, Bioline kit. PCR was performed according to Griffiths et al. (1998) using P2/P8 primers. Chicken whose DNA sexing was identified based on phenotypic characters, was confirmed by PCR. Budgerigars whose DNA sexing identified a male and female have been confirmed based on necropsy results. African Grey Parrot whose sex was identified by DNA sexing as female was confirmed based on a genetic sexing previously performed. The Blue and Yellow Macaw, whose sex was determined as male by DNA sexing, was confirmed based on necropsy results. DNA concentration was higher in blood samples than in oral swabs or feathers. Blood collection is considered an invasive procedure in birds. For feather samples, mechanical denaturation before DNA extraction is recommended. Oral swab samples are suitable for isolating and amplifying DNA in birds.","PeriodicalId":9470,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Veterinary Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81112130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-16DOI: 10.15835/buasvmcn-vm:2021.0031
G. Zagrai, C. Belu, I. Dumitrescu, S. Raita, M. Dobrila, G. Cotor, Sorina Andreea Mihai, D. Cotor, A. Damian
Pigs are some of the most widely used experimental models, an advantage being the characteristics of homeostasis and many morphological features comparable to those in humans. For this reason, we addressed this topic in this paper, with the major objective of completing the data and even identifying some features not described in the literature. The present study was performed on 20 pig carcasses, with different weights and ages (2-4 months). The aim was to highlight some peculiarities regarding the coronary artery system in this species, using as a method the injection of vessels with contrasting plastic material. The collaterals and terminals of the coronary arteries, their distribution territories as well as the identified individual variants were described. As a general conclusion, regardless of the polymorphism in all dissected cases, the left coronary artery was the dominant artery, there being no exception from the data known in the literature.
{"title":"Research on the Distribution of Coronary Arteries in Pig (Sus Scrofa Domesticus)","authors":"G. Zagrai, C. Belu, I. Dumitrescu, S. Raita, M. Dobrila, G. Cotor, Sorina Andreea Mihai, D. Cotor, A. Damian","doi":"10.15835/buasvmcn-vm:2021.0031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/buasvmcn-vm:2021.0031","url":null,"abstract":"Pigs are some of the most widely used experimental models, an advantage being the characteristics of homeostasis and many morphological features comparable to those in humans. For this reason, we addressed this topic in this paper, with the major objective of completing the data and even identifying some features not described in the literature. The present study was performed on 20 pig carcasses, with different weights and ages (2-4 months). The aim was to highlight some peculiarities regarding the coronary artery system in this species, using as a method the injection of vessels with contrasting plastic material. The collaterals and terminals of the coronary arteries, their distribution territories as well as the identified individual variants were described. As a general conclusion, regardless of the polymorphism in all dissected cases, the left coronary artery was the dominant artery, there being no exception from the data known in the literature.","PeriodicalId":9470,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Veterinary Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83471307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-16DOI: 10.15835/buasvmcn-vm:2021.0035
N. Constantin, Andra Șipoș, Florin Petrișor Posastiuc, Crina Andrei, Ioana Cristina Sprințu
Several invasive diagnosis methods to predict pregnancy in humans and animals were used in the past. Since Antiquity, grains germination test was used to predict more safely the pregnancy in women in order to avoid the possibility of miscarriage. The abscisic acid is a component of pregnant females’ urine that prevents germination of grains. Considering this principle, 20 samples of urine were collected from 10 pregnant ewes and 10 from non-pregnant animals. After urinalysis, 15 ml urine sample was added to 20 grains of wheat in a Petri dish, followed by a dilution of 1:4 with distilled water. Only water has been added in the control sample. There were performed duplicates for each animal. For 10 days, all plates were kept in a constant environmental temperature (22°C) and humidity (42%). Statistical analysis revealed that after 5 and 10 days, wheat grains belonging to pregnant ewes were less germinated, and values regarding shoot length were lower than those from the control group. Even if the number of samples is small, it can be concluded that wheat germination test can be used to predict pregnancy in ewes.
{"title":"Can Wheat Germination Test Be Used to Predict Pregnancy in Ewes?","authors":"N. Constantin, Andra Șipoș, Florin Petrișor Posastiuc, Crina Andrei, Ioana Cristina Sprințu","doi":"10.15835/buasvmcn-vm:2021.0035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/buasvmcn-vm:2021.0035","url":null,"abstract":"Several invasive diagnosis methods to predict pregnancy in humans and animals were used in the past. Since Antiquity, grains germination test was used to predict more safely the pregnancy in women in order to avoid the possibility of miscarriage. The abscisic acid is a component of pregnant females’ urine that prevents germination of grains. Considering this principle, 20 samples of urine were collected from 10 pregnant ewes and 10 from non-pregnant animals. After urinalysis, 15 ml urine sample was added to 20 grains of wheat in a Petri dish, followed by a dilution of 1:4 with distilled water. Only water has been added in the control sample. There were performed duplicates for each animal. For 10 days, all plates were kept in a constant environmental temperature (22°C) and humidity (42%). Statistical analysis revealed that after 5 and 10 days, wheat grains belonging to pregnant ewes were less germinated, and values regarding shoot length were lower than those from the control group. Even if the number of samples is small, it can be concluded that wheat germination test can be used to predict pregnancy in ewes.","PeriodicalId":9470,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Veterinary Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82031667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-16DOI: 10.15835/buasvmcn-vm:2021.0007
Sofiane Boudjellaba, Habiba Saadi, M. Zaouani, L. Ainouz, A. Hani, Hayat Remichi, D. Saidj, Takfarinas Idres, M. Iguer-ouada
First insemination success is considered as good indicator of heifer fertility to ensure renewal of dairy herds. The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between first insemination success and biomarkers of oxidative stress (OS). A total of 25 heifers were divided into two groups according to their success at first insemination: group FS+ (heifers that were pregnant at first service, n = 14) and group FS- (heifers that were not pregnant at first service, n = 11). The serum of these two groups were analyzed for malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione S-transferase (GST), reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT), myeloperoxidase (MPO), nitric Oxide (NO) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) as oxidative stress biomarkers and biochemical parameters. Heifers in the group FS+ showed no significant difference in all OS parameters compared to heifers in the group FS-. The OS parameters showed almost similar values in both groups except for GST and CAT where the difference was at the limit of significance. The plasma concentration of OS biomarkers assessed in our study were not related to first service success in heifers. Further studies are needed to clarify the role of oxidative status in the reproductive performance of heifers.
{"title":"Assessment of Plasma Oxidative Stress Biomarkers and Metabolic Parameters of Dairy Heifers: Relationship with Success at First Service","authors":"Sofiane Boudjellaba, Habiba Saadi, M. Zaouani, L. Ainouz, A. Hani, Hayat Remichi, D. Saidj, Takfarinas Idres, M. Iguer-ouada","doi":"10.15835/buasvmcn-vm:2021.0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/buasvmcn-vm:2021.0007","url":null,"abstract":"First insemination success is considered as good indicator of heifer fertility to ensure renewal of dairy herds. The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between first insemination success and biomarkers of oxidative stress (OS). A total of 25 heifers were divided into two groups according to their success at first insemination: group FS+ (heifers that were pregnant at first service, n = 14) and group FS- (heifers that were not pregnant at first service, n = 11). The serum of these two groups were analyzed for malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione S-transferase (GST), reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), catalase (CAT), myeloperoxidase (MPO), nitric Oxide (NO) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) as oxidative stress biomarkers and biochemical parameters. Heifers in the group FS+ showed no significant difference in all OS parameters compared to heifers in the group FS-. The OS parameters showed almost similar values in both groups except for GST and CAT where the difference was at the limit of significance. The plasma concentration of OS biomarkers assessed in our study were not related to first service success in heifers. Further studies are needed to clarify the role of oxidative status in the reproductive performance of heifers.","PeriodicalId":9470,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Veterinary Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86257510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-16DOI: 10.15835/buasvmcn-vm:2021.0015
R. Cojocaru, L. Schuszler, D. Bumb, Rebeca Barnea, C. Igna
Traumatic injuries are a major health hazard having an important impact in animals’ welfare. The outcome following a traumatic event in the animal’s life, depends on multiple factors, the most common ones being the cause of trauma, the location of the trauma and the amount of kinetic energy and the way it was distributed to the animal, but also human activities and lifestyles, human-pet relationships and pet-management local strategies. This retrospective study aims to evaluate the impact of traumatic injuries in 4626 dogs and cats that presented to the Surgical Department from the USAMVBT’s Veterinary Hospital between 2000 and 2020. The most frequent traumatic injuries were represented by road traffic accidents, young animals under 1 year of age being more prone than other age groups χ2(4, N=4626) =43, p<.001 and dogs being more affected than cats χ2(1, N=4626) =107.66, p<.001. Although non-accidental injuries had a low frequency in our study, there is a tendency of misdistribution these cases in the other categories like road traffic accidents. By reporting non-accidental injuries, it could provide a better understanding and better perspective on the real number of abused animals.
{"title":"Trauma Etiology in Dogs and Cats: A Retrospective Study of 4626 Cases","authors":"R. Cojocaru, L. Schuszler, D. Bumb, Rebeca Barnea, C. Igna","doi":"10.15835/buasvmcn-vm:2021.0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/buasvmcn-vm:2021.0015","url":null,"abstract":"Traumatic injuries are a major health hazard having an important impact in animals’ welfare. The outcome following a traumatic event in the animal’s life, depends on multiple factors, the most common ones being the cause of trauma, the location of the trauma and the amount of kinetic energy and the way it was distributed to the animal, but also human activities and lifestyles, human-pet relationships and pet-management local strategies. This retrospective study aims to evaluate the impact of traumatic injuries in 4626 dogs and cats that presented to the Surgical Department from the USAMVBT’s Veterinary Hospital between 2000 and 2020. The most frequent traumatic injuries were represented by road traffic accidents, young animals under 1 year of age being more prone than other age groups χ2(4, N=4626) =43, p<.001 and dogs being more affected than cats χ2(1, N=4626) =107.66, p<.001. Although non-accidental injuries had a low frequency in our study, there is a tendency of misdistribution these cases in the other categories like road traffic accidents. By reporting non-accidental injuries, it could provide a better understanding and better perspective on the real number of abused animals.","PeriodicalId":9470,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Veterinary Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88237360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-16DOI: 10.15835/buasvmcn-vm:2021.0008
M. Mebarki, K. Benhenia
The aim of the present study was to develop regression models based on ultra-sonographic measurements of fetal eyes (orbital diameter (OD) and eyes volume (EV)) to determine mare gestational age (fetal age) in Arab-Barb breed and to compare the obtained formula with similar formulas used in practice. Twenty-two Arab-Barb mares were included in this study. For each mare, an average of 6 ultrasound examinations per month of gestation, from day 90 of pregnancy to foaling were performed. The parameters examined, OD and EV, were used to establish regression models to determine gestational age of mares. The results led to establish linear regressions of the two parameters, EV and OD. The derived gestational age (GA) prediction formulas were: GA = 0,0097EV + 93,887; GA = 8.687OD + 0.6598 (GA in day; EV in mm3; OD in mm). The coefficients of correlation (R) between EV (R=0.96), OD (R=0.93) and mare gestational age were highly significant (P<0.001) indicating that the two eye measurements can be used to determine accurately mare gestational age after 90 days of pregnancy in Arab-Barb breed. In addition, the formula established in the present work from the OD is more accurate in determining the GA in the Arab-Barb compared to that predefined for English Thoroughbred. This comparison reveals that the growth of fetal orbit of Arab-Barb breed is slower than that of the English Thoroughbred.
本研究的目的是建立基于超声测量胎儿眼睛(眼眶直径(OD)和眼体积(EV))的回归模型，以确定阿拉伯-巴布品种的母胎龄(胎龄)，并将所得公式与实践中使用的类似公式进行比较。本研究共选取22匹阿拉伯倒钩母马。对每匹母马，从妊娠第90天到产驹，平均每个妊娠月进行6次超声检查。利用测定的OD和EV参数建立回归模型确定母马胎龄。结果建立了EV和OD两个参数的线性回归。推导出的胎龄预测公式为:GA = 0,0097 ev + 93,887;GA = 8.687OD + 0.6598 (GA in day);EV (mm3);外径(mm)。EV (R=0.96)、OD (R=0.93)与母马胎龄的相关系数(R)极显著(P<0.001)，表明两眼测量可准确测定阿拉伯-倒刺种妊娠90 d后母马胎龄。此外，从OD中建立的公式在确定阿拉伯-倒刺的GA方面比为英国纯种马预定义的公式更准确。这一比较表明，阿拉伯-倒钩品种的胎儿轨道的生长速度比英国纯种马慢。
{"title":"Regression Models Based on Ultrasonography Fetal Ocular Measurements for Determining Gestational Age in Arab-Barb Mares","authors":"M. Mebarki, K. Benhenia","doi":"10.15835/buasvmcn-vm:2021.0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15835/buasvmcn-vm:2021.0008","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the present study was to develop regression models based on ultra-sonographic measurements of fetal eyes (orbital diameter (OD) and eyes volume (EV)) to determine mare gestational age (fetal age) in Arab-Barb breed and to compare the obtained formula with similar formulas used in practice. Twenty-two Arab-Barb mares were included in this study. For each mare, an average of 6 ultrasound examinations per month of gestation, from day 90 of pregnancy to foaling were performed. The parameters examined, OD and EV, were used to establish regression models to determine gestational age of mares. The results led to establish linear regressions of the two parameters, EV and OD. The derived gestational age (GA) prediction formulas were: GA = 0,0097EV + 93,887; GA = 8.687OD + 0.6598 (GA in day; EV in mm3; OD in mm). The coefficients of correlation (R) between EV (R=0.96), OD (R=0.93) and mare gestational age were highly significant (P<0.001) indicating that the two eye measurements can be used to determine accurately mare gestational age after 90 days of pregnancy in Arab-Barb breed. In addition, the formula established in the present work from the OD is more accurate in determining the GA in the Arab-Barb compared to that predefined for English Thoroughbred. This comparison reveals that the growth of fetal orbit of Arab-Barb breed is slower than that of the English Thoroughbred.","PeriodicalId":9470,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca. Veterinary Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82355924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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