Subrata Narayan Das, Susanta K. Biswal, Ranjan K. Mohapatra
ABSTRACT. The transportation of minerals/ores in form of slurry through pipelines is an alternative, effective and also eco-friendly mode of transportation. Surfactants extracted from the plant sources are gaining high interest for the formulation and stabilization of high concentrated solid-water slurries. In this work, the role of a novel bio-surfactant extracted from Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott on the stabilisation of iron ore slurry (IOS) was studied and reported first time. The collected iron ore powder (IOP) and dried IOS samples were analysed with the help of XRF, XRD, SEM and EDS analysis. The results confirmed that the surfactant molecules (present in aqueous Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott) coated well on iron surface and forms an effective barrier between the iron ore (IO) particles. The studied rheological parameters for the slurry indicated non-Newtonian flow behaviour.
KEY WORDS: Iron ore slurry, Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott, XRD, SEM, rheological measurements
Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2023, 37(6), 1459-1470. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i6.13
{"title":"Analysing the role of a bio-surfactant extracted from Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott on the stabilization of high concentrated iron ore slurry for transportation","authors":"Subrata Narayan Das, Susanta K. Biswal, Ranjan K. Mohapatra","doi":"10.4314/bcse.v37i6.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i6.13","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT. The transportation of minerals/ores in form of slurry through pipelines is an alternative, effective and also eco-friendly mode of transportation. Surfactants extracted from the plant sources are gaining high interest for the formulation and stabilization of high concentrated solid-water slurries. In this work, the role of a novel bio-surfactant extracted from Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott on the stabilisation of iron ore slurry (IOS) was studied and reported first time. The collected iron ore powder (IOP) and dried IOS samples were analysed with the help of XRF, XRD, SEM and EDS analysis. The results confirmed that the surfactant molecules (present in aqueous Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott) coated well on iron surface and forms an effective barrier between the iron ore (IO) particles. The studied rheological parameters for the slurry indicated non-Newtonian flow behaviour.
 KEY WORDS: Iron ore slurry, Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott, XRD, SEM, rheological measurements
 Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2023, 37(6), 1459-1470. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i6.13","PeriodicalId":9501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Ethiopia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135109668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kwakhanya Mkwakwi, Eric Hosten, Richard Betz, Abubak’r Abrahams, Tatenda Madanhire
ABSTRACT. The reactions of lanthanide nitrates with 2-((E)-(tert-butylimino)methyl)-6-methoxyphenol (HL1) have yielded five complexes that are described by the formulae [Ce(HL1)2(NO3)3]∙MeOH and [Ln(HL1)2(NO3)3] (Ln = Nd(III), Gd(III), Ho(III) and Er(III)) and were characterized using physico-chemical techniques including single-crystal X-ray diffraction spectroscopy. The cerium complex crystallized in a triclinic P-1 space group, while the rest of the complexes crystallized in the monoclinic P21/c space group. All the complexes are ten-coordinate, adopting a tetradecahedron geometry with two HL1 molecules coordinated through the phenolic and methoxy oxygen atoms. The coordination sphere is completed by six oxygen atoms from three bidentately coordinated nitrate ligands. Electronic data reveals that only the neodymium, holmium and erbium complexes exhibit weak f-f transitions in the visible region.
KEY WORDS: Preparation, Physico-chemical properties, Lanthanide, Schiff base complexes, Crystal structure, Geometry
Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2023, 37(6), 1397-1410. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i6.8
{"title":"Preparation and physico-chemical properties of lanthanide(III) complexes with 2-((E)- (tert- butylimino)methyl)-6-methoxyphenol","authors":"Kwakhanya Mkwakwi, Eric Hosten, Richard Betz, Abubak’r Abrahams, Tatenda Madanhire","doi":"10.4314/bcse.v37i6.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i6.8","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT. The reactions of lanthanide nitrates with 2-((E)-(tert-butylimino)methyl)-6-methoxyphenol (HL1) have yielded five complexes that are described by the formulae [Ce(HL1)2(NO3)3]∙MeOH and [Ln(HL1)2(NO3)3] (Ln = Nd(III), Gd(III), Ho(III) and Er(III)) and were characterized using physico-chemical techniques including single-crystal X-ray diffraction spectroscopy. The cerium complex crystallized in a triclinic P-1 space group, while the rest of the complexes crystallized in the monoclinic P21/c space group. All the complexes are ten-coordinate, adopting a tetradecahedron geometry with two HL1 molecules coordinated through the phenolic and methoxy oxygen atoms. The coordination sphere is completed by six oxygen atoms from three bidentately coordinated nitrate ligands. Electronic data reveals that only the neodymium, holmium and erbium complexes exhibit weak f-f transitions in the visible region.
 KEY WORDS: Preparation, Physico-chemical properties, Lanthanide, Schiff base complexes, Crystal structure, Geometry
 Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2023, 37(6), 1397-1410. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i6.8","PeriodicalId":9501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Ethiopia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135109392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT. A new series of palladium(II) and platinum(II) Schiff base complexes have been synthesized by the interaction of ligands N-(2-fluoro benzylidene)isonicotinohydrazone (L1H) and N-(2-fluorophenylethanone) isonicotinohydrazone (L2H) with PdCl2 and PtCl2. Elemental investigations, melting point determinations, molecular weight determinations, IR, 1H NMR, and UV-Visible spectral studies were used to describe the structure and bonding pattern of ligands and their metal complexes. These analyses revealed that the ligands coordinate with the metal ions in a monobasic bidentate manner and that the complexes have a square planar geometry. The antimicrobial activities of both the ligands and their palladium(II) and platinum(II) complexes have been tested against various bacterial and fungal strains and showed considerable antifungal and antibacterial characteristics. The in vitro cytotoxic activity of [Pt(L2H)]Cl2 complex was assessed by examining its potential to inhibit cell proliferation against the human HeLa cell line(cervical cancer cell line) using MTT assay and the antioxidant activity of [Pt(L1H)2]Cl2 compound was performed against DPPH. The results showed a dose-dependent cytotoxic and radical scavenging activity thus pointing towards the biological significance of Pt(II) complexes.
KEY WORDS: Schiff base ligands, Antimicrobial activity, Scavenging activity, Cytotoxic
Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2023, 37(6), 1383-1396. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i6.7
{"title":"Synthesis, spectral characterization, and biological activities of novel palladium(II) and platinum(II) complexes of active Schiff base ligands","authors":"Jaswant Raj, Akshita Jain, Naveen Sharma, Anita Kumari, Nighat Fahmi","doi":"10.4314/bcse.v37i6.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i6.7","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT. A new series of palladium(II) and platinum(II) Schiff base complexes have been synthesized by the interaction of ligands N-(2-fluoro benzylidene)isonicotinohydrazone (L1H) and N-(2-fluorophenylethanone) isonicotinohydrazone (L2H) with PdCl2 and PtCl2. Elemental investigations, melting point determinations, molecular weight determinations, IR, 1H NMR, and UV-Visible spectral studies were used to describe the structure and bonding pattern of ligands and their metal complexes. These analyses revealed that the ligands coordinate with the metal ions in a monobasic bidentate manner and that the complexes have a square planar geometry. The antimicrobial activities of both the ligands and their palladium(II) and platinum(II) complexes have been tested against various bacterial and fungal strains and showed considerable antifungal and antibacterial characteristics. The in vitro cytotoxic activity of [Pt(L2H)]Cl2 complex was assessed by examining its potential to inhibit cell proliferation against the human HeLa cell line(cervical cancer cell line) using MTT assay and the antioxidant activity of [Pt(L1H)2]Cl2 compound was performed against DPPH. The results showed a dose-dependent cytotoxic and radical scavenging activity thus pointing towards the biological significance of Pt(II) complexes.
 KEY WORDS: Schiff base ligands, Antimicrobial activity, Scavenging activity, Cytotoxic
 Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2023, 37(6), 1383-1396. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i6.7","PeriodicalId":9501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Ethiopia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135109393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zahid Mahmood, Waheed Aslam, Muhammad Bilal, Khalid Javed
ABSTRACT. In the current study, a novel visible light-active photocatalyst CuS/TiO2 nanocomposite was synthesized by a template-free hydrothermal method. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the formation of synthesized nanocomposites and the structural characteristics of synthesized nanoparticles were characterized and confirmed by the X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique. The morphology and particle size of synthesized nanocomposites were measured by a field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), which revealed an average particle size of around 30 nm. The optimized efficiency of the fabricated photocatalyst was assessed for the photodegradation of rhodamine B (RhB) dye. It was observed that the photodegradation efficiency of CuS/TiO2-Y composites having a molar ratio of 1:1 for RhB was found to be 89.54% under visible light irradiation.
KEY WORDS: CuS/TiO2 nanocomposite, Heterojunction structure, Rhodamine B, Photodegradation, Visible light irradiation
Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2023, 37(6), 1553-1564. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i6.19
{"title":"Fabrication of novel PN-heterojunction CuS/TiO2 nanocomposite for the photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B dye under visible light irradiation","authors":"Zahid Mahmood, Waheed Aslam, Muhammad Bilal, Khalid Javed","doi":"10.4314/bcse.v37i6.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i6.19","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT. In the current study, a novel visible light-active photocatalyst CuS/TiO2 nanocomposite was synthesized by a template-free hydrothermal method. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) confirmed the formation of synthesized nanocomposites and the structural characteristics of synthesized nanoparticles were characterized and confirmed by the X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique. The morphology and particle size of synthesized nanocomposites were measured by a field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), which revealed an average particle size of around 30 nm. The optimized efficiency of the fabricated photocatalyst was assessed for the photodegradation of rhodamine B (RhB) dye. It was observed that the photodegradation efficiency of CuS/TiO2-Y composites having a molar ratio of 1:1 for RhB was found to be 89.54% under visible light irradiation.
 KEY WORDS: CuS/TiO2 nanocomposite, Heterojunction structure, Rhodamine B, Photodegradation, Visible light irradiation
 Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2023, 37(6), 1553-1564. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i6.19","PeriodicalId":9501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Ethiopia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135109398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT. The most widely used legume beans food in Ethiopia are fava beans (Vicia faba), green gram (Vigna radiata), white lupin (Lupinus albus), and three types of kidney beans (Phaseolus vulgaris). These legume crops are grown in various regions of Ethiopia and can absorb significant amounts of fluoride from air, water, and soil. This study examined the fluoride content of legume beans collected from four different regions of Ethiopia by ion selective electrode potentiometry. Fluoride concentrations in this study were found to range from 1.9 to 22.8 mg/kg. Fava bean sample from Asella was found to contain higher fluoride (22.8 mg/kg) than in the fava beans from other sites and other beans from any site. Fluoride levels (13.0 mg/kg) in kidney bean from Migira was in the middle of the range while the fluoride levels (2.5 mg/kg) in the white lupin and green gram (1.9 mg/kg) were found in the lower end of the range. This study indicates that daily consumption of 100 g of fava and kidney beans may results in health problem while that of green gram and white lupin are safe for human health (will not exceed 3 mg/day set by Food and Nutrition Board of USA).
KEY WORDS: Fava bean, Green gram, Kidney beans, White lupin, Food, Fluoride
Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2023, 37(6), 1325-1336. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i6.3
{"title":"Fluoride content of common legume beans consumed in Ethiopia","authors":"Kalkidan Lemma, Bhagwan Singh Chandravanshi, Yonas Chebude","doi":"10.4314/bcse.v37i6.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i6.3","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT. The most widely used legume beans food in Ethiopia are fava beans (Vicia faba), green gram (Vigna radiata), white lupin (Lupinus albus), and three types of kidney beans (Phaseolus vulgaris). These legume crops are grown in various regions of Ethiopia and can absorb significant amounts of fluoride from air, water, and soil. This study examined the fluoride content of legume beans collected from four different regions of Ethiopia by ion selective electrode potentiometry. Fluoride concentrations in this study were found to range from 1.9 to 22.8 mg/kg. Fava bean sample from Asella was found to contain higher fluoride (22.8 mg/kg) than in the fava beans from other sites and other beans from any site. Fluoride levels (13.0 mg/kg) in kidney bean from Migira was in the middle of the range while the fluoride levels (2.5 mg/kg) in the white lupin and green gram (1.9 mg/kg) were found in the lower end of the range. This study indicates that daily consumption of 100 g of fava and kidney beans may results in health problem while that of green gram and white lupin are safe for human health (will not exceed 3 mg/day set by Food and Nutrition Board of USA).
 KEY WORDS: Fava bean, Green gram, Kidney beans, White lupin, Food, Fluoride
 Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2023, 37(6), 1325-1336. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i6.3","PeriodicalId":9501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Ethiopia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135109670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT. Xanthene, chromene, thiazole, thiophene, pyrazole, and isoxazole derivatives were synthesized from camphor-D monoterpene using multi-component reactions. Camphor has anti-bacterial, anti-fungal and anti-inflammatory properties. It is also used to mitigate pain, treat skin diseases, and improve respiratory functions. In this research, we focus on the effectiveness of the produced compounds from the biologically active camphor. The produced compounds were formed according to various reactions such as a Knoevenagel condensation, Michael adduct, Gewald reaction, a nucleophilic attack, substitution, addition, elimination and cyclization reactions. Furthermore, the novel produced compounds have been tested towards the six cancer cell lines namely A549, MKN-45, U87MG, HT-29, H460 and SMMC-772. Compounds 5, 11, 15b, 16, 25b and 27b displayed the highest inhibitions compounds toward the mentioned cancer cell lines. In addition, compounds 3, 13, 15a, 22a, 27a and 28 showed moderate inhibitory effects against the cancer cell lines.
KEY WORDS: Camphor, Xanthenes, Pyrimidine, Heterocyclic, Anti-cancer
Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2023, 37(6), 1539-1552. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i6.18
{"title":"Synthesis of biologically active xanthene, chromene, thiazole, thiophene, pyrazole, and isoxazole derivatives from camphor","authors":"Ensaf Sultan Alwan, Rafat Milad Mohareb","doi":"10.4314/bcse.v37i6.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i6.18","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT. Xanthene, chromene, thiazole, thiophene, pyrazole, and isoxazole derivatives were synthesized from camphor-D monoterpene using multi-component reactions. Camphor has anti-bacterial, anti-fungal and anti-inflammatory properties. It is also used to mitigate pain, treat skin diseases, and improve respiratory functions. In this research, we focus on the effectiveness of the produced compounds from the biologically active camphor. The produced compounds were formed according to various reactions such as a Knoevenagel condensation, Michael adduct, Gewald reaction, a nucleophilic attack, substitution, addition, elimination and cyclization reactions. Furthermore, the novel produced compounds have been tested towards the six cancer cell lines namely A549, MKN-45, U87MG, HT-29, H460 and SMMC-772. Compounds 5, 11, 15b, 16, 25b and 27b displayed the highest inhibitions compounds toward the mentioned cancer cell lines. In addition, compounds 3, 13, 15a, 22a, 27a and 28 showed moderate inhibitory effects against the cancer cell lines.
 KEY WORDS: Camphor, Xanthenes, Pyrimidine, Heterocyclic, Anti-cancer
 Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2023, 37(6), 1539-1552. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i6.18","PeriodicalId":9501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Ethiopia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135109395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT. This study aims to investigate the anti-cancer, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of Pistacia lentiscus L. (P. lentiscus) extracts, as well as their phyto-chemical profile. The GC-MS crude chemical profile provided new chemotypes of fixed oil (FO) and essential oil (EO) extracts. Secondary metabolites screened high levels of polyphenols and condensed tannins in EO, while FO had the highest flavonoids content. A potent anti-proliferative activity of both extracts was shown on two human breast cancer cells (EO-IC50 = 5.2 mg/mL MDA-MB-231 cells). The antimicrobial activity showed that only EO was active against six multidrug resistant bacteria (inhibition zone 20-8 mm) and two fungi strains (inhibition zone 3-4 mm). Also, the highest in vitro antioxidant free-radical scavenging ability was in the case of EO (125.5 μg/mL). In vivo P. lentiscus EO provided corrective effect vs the tamoxifen (Txf) induced oxidative damage in liver and kidney in C57BL/6 in female mouse. These findings confirm that EO inhibits cell proliferation, induces bacterial death and has a potential antioxidant activity.
KEY WORDS: Phytotherapy, Pistacia lentiscus, Antioxidant, Antimicrobial activity, Breast cancer
Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2023, 37(6), 1487-1501. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i6.15
{"title":"Phytochemical analysis and biological activities of two oil-bearing extracts from fresh Pistacia lentiscus","authors":"Omayma Abidi, Zaineb Abdelkafi-Koubaa, Nadia Fares-Zagrouba, Salem Elkahoui, Lamjed Toumi, Lamjed Marzouki, Ouajdi Souilem","doi":"10.4314/bcse.v37i6.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i6.15","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT. This study aims to investigate the anti-cancer, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of Pistacia lentiscus L. (P. lentiscus) extracts, as well as their phyto-chemical profile. The GC-MS crude chemical profile provided new chemotypes of fixed oil (FO) and essential oil (EO) extracts. Secondary metabolites screened high levels of polyphenols and condensed tannins in EO, while FO had the highest flavonoids content. A potent anti-proliferative activity of both extracts was shown on two human breast cancer cells (EO-IC50 = 5.2 mg/mL MDA-MB-231 cells). The antimicrobial activity showed that only EO was active against six multidrug resistant bacteria (inhibition zone 20-8 mm) and two fungi strains (inhibition zone 3-4 mm). Also, the highest in vitro antioxidant free-radical scavenging ability was in the case of EO (125.5 μg/mL). In vivo P. lentiscus EO provided corrective effect vs the tamoxifen (Txf) induced oxidative damage in liver and kidney in C57BL/6 in female mouse. These findings confirm that EO inhibits cell proliferation, induces bacterial death and has a potential antioxidant activity.
 KEY WORDS: Phytotherapy, Pistacia lentiscus, Antioxidant, Antimicrobial activity, Breast cancer
 Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2023, 37(6), 1487-1501. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i6.15","PeriodicalId":9501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Ethiopia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135109401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rafat M. Mohareb, Maher H. E. Helal, Amany E. Mayhoub, Amira E. M. Abdallah
ABSTRACT. This study demonstrated the synthesis of a number of pyrazolo[1,5-a]quinazoline derivatives about 24 products based on the starting material 4-(2-phenylhydrazono)-4H-pyrazol-3-amine derivatives 1a-f. Moreover, other ring systems including thiophene, pyrazole, thiazole and pyran (16 compounds) were prepared based on another starting compounds 2-(furan-2-ylmethylene)cyclohexane-1,3-dione 10 and 5,5-dimethyl-3-phenyl-2-thioxo-2,3,5,6-tetrahydrobenzo[d]thiazol-7(4H)-one 18. The multi-component reaction was used to prepare all the previous compounds. The structures of all the synthesised compounds were confirmed by the analytical and spectral data. Some selected compounds were chosen to test their anticancer activity against six cancer cell lines, namely A549, HT-29, MKN-45, U87MG, SMMC-7721 and, H460 utilizing foretinib as the positive control and the standard MTT assay in vitro. Toward the tested cell lines, nine compounds were the most cytotoxic compounds. The results obtained revealed that the synthesized compounds are good cytotoxic agents and of great impact for future work.
KEY WORDS: Multi-component reactions, Pyrazolo[1,5-a]quinazoline, Thiophene, Thiazole, Cytotoxicity
Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2023, 37(6), 1521-1538. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i6.17
{"title":"Multi-component synthesis of pyrazolo[1,5-a]quinazoline, thiazole and thiophene derivatives as cytotoxic agents","authors":"Rafat M. Mohareb, Maher H. E. Helal, Amany E. Mayhoub, Amira E. M. Abdallah","doi":"10.4314/bcse.v37i6.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i6.17","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT. This study demonstrated the synthesis of a number of pyrazolo[1,5-a]quinazoline derivatives about 24 products based on the starting material 4-(2-phenylhydrazono)-4H-pyrazol-3-amine derivatives 1a-f. Moreover, other ring systems including thiophene, pyrazole, thiazole and pyran (16 compounds) were prepared based on another starting compounds 2-(furan-2-ylmethylene)cyclohexane-1,3-dione 10 and 5,5-dimethyl-3-phenyl-2-thioxo-2,3,5,6-tetrahydrobenzo[d]thiazol-7(4H)-one 18. The multi-component reaction was used to prepare all the previous compounds. The structures of all the synthesised compounds were confirmed by the analytical and spectral data. Some selected compounds were chosen to test their anticancer activity against six cancer cell lines, namely A549, HT-29, MKN-45, U87MG, SMMC-7721 and, H460 utilizing foretinib as the positive control and the standard MTT assay in vitro. Toward the tested cell lines, nine compounds were the most cytotoxic compounds. The results obtained revealed that the synthesized compounds are good cytotoxic agents and of great impact for future work.
 KEY WORDS: Multi-component reactions, Pyrazolo[1,5-a]quinazoline, Thiophene, Thiazole, Cytotoxicity
 Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2023, 37(6), 1521-1538. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i6.17","PeriodicalId":9501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Ethiopia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135109403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT. In this study, for the detection of taurine in philological fluids, modified electrodes were prepared from glassy carbon electrodes with MWCNT (multi-wall carbon nanotube) + Cu(NO3)2 + carbon-based material. A carbon-based material was obtained by carbonization of Pinus sylvestris branch needles (CPS). Cu(NO3)2 and MWCNT structure (Cu(NO3)2/MWCNT) were added to the carbon-based material and the obtained mixture was used in the modification of the glassy carbon electrode surface. The surface morphology and structure of the prepared electrodes were characterized by electron microscopy scanning (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Taurine detection with a modified electrode was made by cyclic voltammetry (CV) in 0.1 M KCl (vs. Ag/AgCl). The calibration curve of the modified electrode for taurine in the 10-150 µM range showed a linear response, and R2 value was 0.976. Limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) of the modified electrode were found 19 µM and 9.75 µM, respectively. The application of the electrode as a chemical sensor was carried out with commercially available energy drink samples. Satisfactory results have been obtained from the samples. The sensor can be used for routine taurine analysis. This electrode can quickly determine the amount of taurine in real samples with 90% accuracy in two minutes.
KEY WORDS: Taurine detection, Modified electrode, MWCNT, Sensor, Cyclic voltammetry
Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2023, 37(6), 1565-1576. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i6.20
{"title":"Preparation of voltammetric sensors for taurine detection from Cu(II)-loaded carbon materials","authors":"Fatma Bilge Emre","doi":"10.4314/bcse.v37i6.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i6.20","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT. In this study, for the detection of taurine in philological fluids, modified electrodes were prepared from glassy carbon electrodes with MWCNT (multi-wall carbon nanotube) + Cu(NO3)2 + carbon-based material. A carbon-based material was obtained by carbonization of Pinus sylvestris branch needles (CPS). Cu(NO3)2 and MWCNT structure (Cu(NO3)2/MWCNT) were added to the carbon-based material and the obtained mixture was used in the modification of the glassy carbon electrode surface. The surface morphology and structure of the prepared electrodes were characterized by electron microscopy scanning (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Taurine detection with a modified electrode was made by cyclic voltammetry (CV) in 0.1 M KCl (vs. Ag/AgCl). The calibration curve of the modified electrode for taurine in the 10-150 µM range showed a linear response, and R2 value was 0.976. Limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) of the modified electrode were found 19 µM and 9.75 µM, respectively. The application of the electrode as a chemical sensor was carried out with commercially available energy drink samples. Satisfactory results have been obtained from the samples. The sensor can be used for routine taurine analysis. This electrode can quickly determine the amount of taurine in real samples with 90% accuracy in two minutes.
 KEY WORDS: Taurine detection, Modified electrode, MWCNT, Sensor, Cyclic voltammetry
 Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2023, 37(6), 1565-1576. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i6.20","PeriodicalId":9501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Ethiopia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135109664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT. The determination of phosphorus in rain water is of great significance. In this paper the optimum conditions of phosphorus molybdenum blue spectrophotometric method for the determination of phosphorus content were obtained. At the maximum absorption wavelength 690 nm, the apparent molar absorptivity is ε690 nm = 1.44 × 104 L·mol-1·cm-1. Beer’s law is followed over the range of 0.02-1.8 μg·mL-1 for phosphorus(V) content. Bismuth(III) and antimony(III) as the sensitizer has a sensitization effect on the phosphomolybdenum blue photometry. The addition of both simultaneously increases the sensitivity by 71.3%. The present method has been used for the determination of phosphorus in water samples. The recovery of method is between 99.20 - 100.1% and the relative standard deviation is between 1.31-1.33% for eleven determination. The results determined by the present method were in agreement with those of atomic absorption spectrometry. This method can avoid the harm of organic reagent to human body and to environmental pollution without organic solvent extraction. This method does not need heating with room temperature color development. Compared with other methods, it has the advantages that the operation is simple, fast and the sensitivity is high.
Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2023, 37(6), 1307-1313.
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i6.1
{"title":"Determination of phosphorus by phosphorus molybdenum blue spectrophotometry by bismuth antimony sensitization","authors":"Qing-Zhou Zhai","doi":"10.4314/bcse.v37i6.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i6.1","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT. The determination of phosphorus in rain water is of great significance. In this paper the optimum conditions of phosphorus molybdenum blue spectrophotometric method for the determination of phosphorus content were obtained. At the maximum absorption wavelength 690 nm, the apparent molar absorptivity is ε690 nm = 1.44 × 104 L·mol-1·cm-1. Beer’s law is followed over the range of 0.02-1.8 μg·mL-1 for phosphorus(V) content. Bismuth(III) and antimony(III) as the sensitizer has a sensitization effect on the phosphomolybdenum blue photometry. The addition of both simultaneously increases the sensitivity by 71.3%. The present method has been used for the determination of phosphorus in water samples. The recovery of method is between 99.20 - 100.1% and the relative standard deviation is between 1.31-1.33% for eleven determination. The results determined by the present method were in agreement with those of atomic absorption spectrometry. This method can avoid the harm of organic reagent to human body and to environmental pollution without organic solvent extraction. This method does not need heating with room temperature color development. Compared with other methods, it has the advantages that the operation is simple, fast and the sensitivity is high.
 Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2023, 37(6), 1307-1313. 
 DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i6.1","PeriodicalId":9501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Ethiopia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135109665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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