Amani M.D. El-Mesallamy, Mohamed I.M. El-Zaidy, M. El-Telbany, M. El-Garby Younes, Sahar A.M Hussein
ABSTRACT. In line with the global interest and demand in finding sustainable ways to the emerging antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities, our study highlights the unique chemical composition of G. barbadense stem. Petroleum ether extracts were analyzed via headspace-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (HS-GC/MS) revealing 48 compounds, thirteen major and accounting for 56.29% of total peak areas. By using liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS) identify 16 major phenolic compounds from the methanolic extract. Both petroleum ether and methanolic extracts were tested for antibacterial activity against four pathogenic bacterial strains (Escherichia coli ATCC10536, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC6538, Salmonella enterica ATCC 14028, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027) by using disk diffusion method. The antifungal activity against two fungal strains (Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus fumigatus) was evaluated. The results were compared to the activity of ciprofloxacin as a stander. The in-vitro cytotoxic activity of the methanolic extract showed a potent effect against liver (HEPG2) with IC50 values (18.8±7.4 μg/mL) and moderate activity against colon (HCT116) and breast (MCF7) cancer. KEY WORDS: Gossypium Barbadense L. Stem, Headspace/GC/MS, LC-ESI-MS, Bioactive compounds, Antimicrobial, Cytotoxic activities Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2023, 37(4), 1021-1032. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i4.17
{"title":"Headspace GC/MS and LC/MS analysis of bioactive compounds from Gossypium barbadense L. stem and assessment of their antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities","authors":"Amani M.D. El-Mesallamy, Mohamed I.M. El-Zaidy, M. El-Telbany, M. El-Garby Younes, Sahar A.M Hussein","doi":"10.4314/bcse.v37i4.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i4.17","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT. In line with the global interest and demand in finding sustainable ways to the emerging antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities, our study highlights the unique chemical composition of G. barbadense stem. Petroleum ether extracts were analyzed via headspace-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (HS-GC/MS) revealing 48 compounds, thirteen major and accounting for 56.29% of total peak areas. By using liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS) identify 16 major phenolic compounds from the methanolic extract. Both petroleum ether and methanolic extracts were tested for antibacterial activity against four pathogenic bacterial strains (Escherichia coli ATCC10536, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC6538, Salmonella enterica ATCC 14028, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027) by using disk diffusion method. The antifungal activity against two fungal strains (Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus fumigatus) was evaluated. The results were compared to the activity of ciprofloxacin as a stander. The in-vitro cytotoxic activity of the methanolic extract showed a potent effect against liver (HEPG2) with IC50 values (18.8±7.4 μg/mL) and moderate activity against colon (HCT116) and breast (MCF7) cancer. KEY WORDS: Gossypium Barbadense L. Stem, Headspace/GC/MS, LC-ESI-MS, Bioactive compounds, Antimicrobial, Cytotoxic activities Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2023, 37(4), 1021-1032. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i4.17","PeriodicalId":9501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Ethiopia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47380656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ayman A.O. Younes, M. S. Refat, H. A. Saad, Abdel Majid A. Adam, Omar M. Alzoghibi, Ghayah M. Alsulaim, Amnah Mohammed Alsuhaibani
ABSTRACT. Magnesium, calcium, strontium, and barium complexes of uracil were prepared in a 2:1 ligand to metal ratio to investigate the ligational character of the uracil (Ura). The modes of chelation were explained depending on elemental analyses, FT. IR, 1H–NMR spectra as well as scanning electron microscopy. Uracil has two donation sites either through N(3) and C(2)=O, or through N(3) and C(4)=O with the molecular formulas [M(Ura)2(H2O)2]Cl2 where M = Mg(II), Ca(II), Sr(II) and Ba(II) . The morphological surface and particle size of uracil metal complexes were determined using SEM and TEM. The thermal behaviors of the complexes were studied by the TGA (DTG) technique. The data obtained agreed well the proposed structures and showed that the complexes were finally decomposed to the corresponding metal oxide. The thermodynamic parameters are calculated from the thermal analysis curves using the Coats–Redfern and Horowitz–Metzger methods. The negative values of deduced the ordered structures of the prepared complexes compared to their starting reactants. Antibacterial activity of ligands and complexes is evaluated with two types of bacteria Staphylococcus aureus (gram‐positive) and Escherichia coli (gram‐negative) by the agar-well diffusion technique using DMSO as a solvent. KEY WORDS: Uracil, Coordination compounds, Non-isothermal kinetic parameters, Elemental analysis, Spectral studies, Biological efficiency Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2023, 37(4), 945-957. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i4.11
{"title":"Complexation of some alkaline earth metals with bidentate uracil ligand: Synthesis, spectroscopic and antimicrobial analysis","authors":"Ayman A.O. Younes, M. S. Refat, H. A. Saad, Abdel Majid A. Adam, Omar M. Alzoghibi, Ghayah M. Alsulaim, Amnah Mohammed Alsuhaibani","doi":"10.4314/bcse.v37i4.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i4.11","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT. Magnesium, calcium, strontium, and barium complexes of uracil were prepared in a 2:1 ligand to metal ratio to investigate the ligational character of the uracil (Ura). The modes of chelation were explained depending on elemental analyses, FT. IR, 1H–NMR spectra as well as scanning electron microscopy. Uracil has two donation sites either through N(3) and C(2)=O, or through N(3) and C(4)=O with the molecular formulas [M(Ura)2(H2O)2]Cl2 where M = Mg(II), Ca(II), Sr(II) and Ba(II) . The morphological surface and particle size of uracil metal complexes were determined using SEM and TEM. The thermal behaviors of the complexes were studied by the TGA (DTG) technique. The data obtained agreed well the proposed structures and showed that the complexes were finally decomposed to the corresponding metal oxide. The thermodynamic parameters are calculated from the thermal analysis curves using the Coats–Redfern and Horowitz–Metzger methods. The negative values of deduced the ordered structures of the prepared complexes compared to their starting reactants. Antibacterial activity of ligands and complexes is evaluated with two types of bacteria Staphylococcus aureus (gram‐positive) and Escherichia coli (gram‐negative) by the agar-well diffusion technique using DMSO as a solvent. \u0000 \u0000KEY WORDS: Uracil, Coordination compounds, Non-isothermal kinetic parameters, Elemental analysis, Spectral studies, Biological efficiency \u0000Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2023, 37(4), 945-957. \u0000DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i4.11","PeriodicalId":9501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Ethiopia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43817538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Sivamani, Jeanifer Manganaan Ehilla, Saikat Banerjee, Manickam Vijayanand
ABSTRACT. In the present work, mathematical models relating mass density and specific volume of solution with concentration for aqueous solutions of anionic (sodium lauryl sulfate - SLS) and cationic (cetyltrimethylammonium bromide - CTAB) surfactants (0-10% (w/w)) have been investigated. The experimental studies were performed to study the effect of solution concentration on mass density and specific volume of solution. Mass density increases, and specific volume decreases with an increase in solution concentration for both surfactants. Linear, quadratic, cubic, quartic, quintic, and exponential models were fitted to the experimental data to check the applicability. The models were validated based on the coefficient of determination (R2) and the sum of square of error (SSE) to be unity and zero, respectively. Modelling results reveal that the quintic model was fitted to study the effect of density on solution concentration for both surfactants. KEY WORDS: Density, Surfactant, Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, Sodium lauryl sulfate, Modelling, Regression Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2023, 37(4), 1047-1054. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i4.19
{"title":"Regression modelling for concentration dependent mass density and specific volume of aqueous surfactant solutions","authors":"S. Sivamani, Jeanifer Manganaan Ehilla, Saikat Banerjee, Manickam Vijayanand","doi":"10.4314/bcse.v37i4.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i4.19","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT. In the present work, mathematical models relating mass density and specific volume of solution with concentration for aqueous solutions of anionic (sodium lauryl sulfate - SLS) and cationic (cetyltrimethylammonium bromide - CTAB) surfactants (0-10% (w/w)) have been investigated. The experimental studies were performed to study the effect of solution concentration on mass density and specific volume of solution. Mass density increases, and specific volume decreases with an increase in solution concentration for both surfactants. Linear, quadratic, cubic, quartic, quintic, and exponential models were fitted to the experimental data to check the applicability. The models were validated based on the coefficient of determination (R2) and the sum of square of error (SSE) to be unity and zero, respectively. Modelling results reveal that the quintic model was fitted to study the effect of density on solution concentration for both surfactants. \u0000 \u0000KEY WORDS: Density, Surfactant, Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, Sodium lauryl sulfate, Modelling, Regression \u0000 \u0000Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2023, 37(4), 1047-1054. \u0000DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i4.19","PeriodicalId":9501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Ethiopia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44757035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT. This work was conducted to evaluate the adsorption performance of coffee spent modified Fe-Al-Zr composite. The Al2O3/Fe3O4/ZrO2 ternary oxide system was efficiently synthesized from the respective salt precursors by a two-step co-precipitation method under nitrogen atmosphere in basic condition. XRD, SEM-EDX, FTIR and ICP-OES were used to characterize the features of the adsorbents. The pH point of zero charge of the selected adsorbent was also determined. Batch adsorption experiment was conducted under different conditions such as contact time, initial concentration of dye, pH, sorbent dosage and agitation speed. The Langmuir and Freundlich, isotherms were tested to examine the adsorption behavior. The equilibrium data was well fitted to Langmuir isotherm model. The maximum adsorption capacity (qo) was 8.4 mg/g for acidic brown 75 dyes. The kinetic data correlated (R2 = 0.999) well with the pseudo second order kinetic model. To evaluate the practical applicability of the coffee spent supported nanocomposite adsorbent to real samples, effluent was collected from Batu Leather Industry. The result demonstrated 95.7% (10 mg/L) removal efficiency of the dye by the as-obtained composite indicating its potential application for environmental application. KEY WORDS: Coffee spent, Nanocomposite, Sorption, Textile dye, Immobilization Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2023, 37(4), 875-889. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i4.6
{"title":"Coffee spent supported Fe-Al-Zr composite: Synthesis, characterization and its adsorptive dye removal from tannery wastewater","authors":"Tigist Kebede, Abi M. Taddesse, A. Hussen","doi":"10.4314/bcse.v37i4.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i4.6","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT. This work was conducted to evaluate the adsorption performance of coffee spent modified Fe-Al-Zr composite. The Al2O3/Fe3O4/ZrO2 ternary oxide system was efficiently synthesized from the respective salt precursors by a two-step co-precipitation method under nitrogen atmosphere in basic condition. XRD, SEM-EDX, FTIR and ICP-OES were used to characterize the features of the adsorbents. The pH point of zero charge of the selected adsorbent was also determined. Batch adsorption experiment was conducted under different conditions such as contact time, initial concentration of dye, pH, sorbent dosage and agitation speed. The Langmuir and Freundlich, isotherms were tested to examine the adsorption behavior. The equilibrium data was well fitted to Langmuir isotherm model. The maximum adsorption capacity (qo) was 8.4 mg/g for acidic brown 75 dyes. The kinetic data correlated (R2 = 0.999) well with the pseudo second order kinetic model. To evaluate the practical applicability of the coffee spent supported nanocomposite adsorbent to real samples, effluent was collected from Batu Leather Industry. The result demonstrated 95.7% (10 mg/L) removal efficiency of the dye by the as-obtained composite indicating its potential application for environmental application. \u0000 \u0000KEY WORDS: Coffee spent, Nanocomposite, Sorption, Textile dye, Immobilization \u0000Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2023, 37(4), 875-889. \u0000DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i4.6","PeriodicalId":9501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Ethiopia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49467028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT. A cyclo condensation reaction is an effective method for a two-component reaction of 2-amino-1,5-diphenyl-1H-pyrrole-3-carbonitrile 3a-c and active methylene compounds in acetic acid and catalytic hydrochloric acid to produce new substituted 1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 4a-c, 5a-c, and 6a-c have been established. Additionally, a new series of substituted 1H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines 7a-c and 8a-c could be synthesized utilizing a feasible and efficient approach, including urea and thiourea substrates. Spectroscopic data IR, MS, 1H, and 13C NMR, as well as elemental analyses, elucidated these compounds' structures. KEY WORDS: 1H-Pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine, 1H-Pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines, Active methylene compounds Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2023, 37(4), 983-992. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i4.14
{"title":"Novel pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine and pyrrolo[2,3-d] pyrimidine derivatives: Design, synthesis, and structure elucidation","authors":"Khaled M.H. Hilmy, Fawzya N.M. Kishk, Esmat B.A. Shahen, Mohamed A. Hawata","doi":"10.4314/bcse.v37i4.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i4.14","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT. A cyclo condensation reaction is an effective method for a two-component reaction of 2-amino-1,5-diphenyl-1H-pyrrole-3-carbonitrile 3a-c and active methylene compounds in acetic acid and catalytic hydrochloric acid to produce new substituted 1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine 4a-c, 5a-c, and 6a-c have been established. Additionally, a new series of substituted 1H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines 7a-c and 8a-c could be synthesized utilizing a feasible and efficient approach, including urea and thiourea substrates. Spectroscopic data IR, MS, 1H, and 13C NMR, as well as elemental analyses, elucidated these compounds' structures. \u0000 \u0000KEY WORDS: 1H-Pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine, 1H-Pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidines, Active methylene compounds \u0000 \u0000Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2023, 37(4), 983-992. \u0000DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i4.14 ","PeriodicalId":9501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Ethiopia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44561945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Albert, D. Prince Sahaya Sudherson, K. Kalaiselvan, N. Leema
ABSTRACT. In this work, the Copper composites Cu-x wt. % B4C (x = 0, 5, 10, 15, 20) were fabricated for the metallurgical and mechanical property evaluation as per ASTM standards. The metallurgical characterization tests on the samples include x-ray diffraction, optical microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy with EDX. Further, pin-on-disc apparatus was used to investigate the tribological behavior of composite specimens. An SEM micrograph of the worn surface and wear debris, along with the Gwyddion software, has been used to discuss the wear mechanisms in detail. The Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) classifier model is also constructed to describe the wear behavior in more detail. The experimental results inferred that the addition of Boron carbide particles has enhanced the Copper's corrosion resistance in a 1 M HCl electrolyte solution from 30.34% to 74.2%, 75.08%, and 83.29% with B and C ions. Also, it significantly enhance the mechanical and tribological characteristics considerably. KEY WORDS: Powder metallurgy, Cu-B4C, Gwyddion, Wear, Artificial Neural Network Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2023, 37(4), 959-972. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i4.12
{"title":"Effect of chemical composition on the electrochemical and wear behavior of boron carbide reinforced copper composites","authors":"T. Albert, D. Prince Sahaya Sudherson, K. Kalaiselvan, N. Leema","doi":"10.4314/bcse.v37i4.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i4.12","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT. In this work, the Copper composites Cu-x wt. % B4C (x = 0, 5, 10, 15, 20) were fabricated for the metallurgical and mechanical property evaluation as per ASTM standards. The metallurgical characterization tests on the samples include x-ray diffraction, optical microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy with EDX. Further, pin-on-disc apparatus was used to investigate the tribological behavior of composite specimens. An SEM micrograph of the worn surface and wear debris, along with the Gwyddion software, has been used to discuss the wear mechanisms in detail. The Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) classifier model is also constructed to describe the wear behavior in more detail. The experimental results inferred that the addition of Boron carbide particles has enhanced the Copper's corrosion resistance in a 1 M HCl electrolyte solution from 30.34% to 74.2%, 75.08%, and 83.29% with B and C ions. Also, it significantly enhance the mechanical and tribological characteristics considerably. \u0000 \u0000KEY WORDS: Powder metallurgy, Cu-B4C, Gwyddion, Wear, Artificial Neural Network \u0000 \u0000Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2023, 37(4), 959-972. \u0000DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i4.12 ","PeriodicalId":9501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Ethiopia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43959366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y. Christabel Shaji, D. DeenaRose, C. Ramesh Kannan, M. Aruna, Y. Brucely
ABSTRACT. This research included the synthesis of pristine nitrate-type Zn2Al-LDH by means of Co-precipitation, which was then followed by hydrothermal treatment. Ion exchange is used to stabilize the produced pristine LDH nano layer, which is used for the encapsulation of bioactive molecules. Quercetin, which has an antioxidant function, is used. XRD was used to investigate the newly synthesized quercetin-LDH (QC-LDH) compound. Quercetin was discovered to be entirely deprotonated as a result of XRD research, and it was also shown to be stabilized in between LDH lattices as a result of electrostatic contact. On the basis of the diphenyl picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method, the anti-oxidant property was discussed, and it was discovered that the quercetin that was free from the LDH layer helped as an owing antioxidant to scavenge DPPH radicals in ethanol solvent at concentrations ranging from 80-100%, depending on the concentration level. The powder X-ray diffraction patterns indicate that the incorporation of quercetin into the interlayer led to an expansion of the interlayer arrangement to 0.88 and 1.46 nm, respectively. According to the findings of a variety of characterization techniques, the QC-LDH may be regarded as a good antioxidant material with potential drug delivery system. KEY WORDS: Layer double hydroxide, Antioxidant activity, Quercetin, Biocompatibility Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2023, 37(4), 917-929. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i4.9
{"title":"Synthesis and characterization of quercetin-layer double hydroxide (LDH) nanohybrid and their enhanced antioxidant activity","authors":"Y. Christabel Shaji, D. DeenaRose, C. Ramesh Kannan, M. Aruna, Y. Brucely","doi":"10.4314/bcse.v37i4.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i4.10","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT. This research included the synthesis of pristine nitrate-type Zn2Al-LDH by means of Co-precipitation, which was then followed by hydrothermal treatment. Ion exchange is used to stabilize the produced pristine LDH nano layer, which is used for the encapsulation of bioactive molecules. Quercetin, which has an antioxidant function, is used. XRD was used to investigate the newly synthesized quercetin-LDH (QC-LDH) compound. Quercetin was discovered to be entirely deprotonated as a result of XRD research, and it was also shown to be stabilized in between LDH lattices as a result of electrostatic contact. On the basis of the diphenyl picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method, the anti-oxidant property was discussed, and it was discovered that the quercetin that was free from the LDH layer helped as an owing antioxidant to scavenge DPPH radicals in ethanol solvent at concentrations ranging from 80-100%, depending on the concentration level. The powder X-ray diffraction patterns indicate that the incorporation of quercetin into the interlayer led to an expansion of the interlayer arrangement to 0.88 and 1.46 nm, respectively. According to the findings of a variety of characterization techniques, the QC-LDH may be regarded as a good antioxidant material with potential drug delivery system. \u0000 \u0000KEY WORDS: Layer double hydroxide, Antioxidant activity, Quercetin, Biocompatibility \u0000Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2023, 37(4), 917-929. \u0000DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i4.9","PeriodicalId":9501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Ethiopia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45079627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Morsy Ahmed El-Apasery, Mahmoud Elsayed Ahmed Abdellatif, Fathy Ahmed Yassin, Sara Morsy Ahmed
ABSTRACT. Three compounds, phenyl propenone, p-tolyl propenone, and bromo phenylpropenone derivatives 3a-c were produced in good yields via condensation derivatives of acetophenone with dimethyl formamide dimethyl acetal (DMFDMA) in presence of xylene as a solvent. Compounds 5a-f were produced by coupling the enaminones 3a-c with diazonium chloride 4a or 4b. Compounds 5a-f were reacted with acetone to create novel disperse dyes 9a-f. Mass spectra, (FT-IR), elemental analysis, and 1H-NMR spectra were used to confirm the chemical structure of the new dyes. The new disperse dyes were used in dyeing polyester fabrics at low temperature, and fabrics with colors ranging from yellowish brown to dark yellowish brown were obtained. Thus, the different fastness properties of these dyed fabrics were studied, which gave excellent results. Finally, the biological activity of these new dyes was studied, which showed that they have biological activity against bacteria and fungi. KEY WORDS: Azo dye, Carrier, Low temperature dyeing, Arylazophenols, Color fastness Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2023, 37(4), 993-1002. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i4.15
{"title":"Syntheses of novel disperse dyes based on arylazophenols: Synthesis, characterizations and applications","authors":"Morsy Ahmed El-Apasery, Mahmoud Elsayed Ahmed Abdellatif, Fathy Ahmed Yassin, Sara Morsy Ahmed","doi":"10.4314/bcse.v37i4.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i4.15","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT. Three compounds, phenyl propenone, p-tolyl propenone, and bromo phenylpropenone derivatives 3a-c were produced in good yields via condensation derivatives of acetophenone with dimethyl formamide dimethyl acetal (DMFDMA) in presence of xylene as a solvent. Compounds 5a-f were produced by coupling the enaminones 3a-c with diazonium chloride 4a or 4b. Compounds 5a-f were reacted with acetone to create novel disperse dyes 9a-f. Mass spectra, (FT-IR), elemental analysis, and 1H-NMR spectra were used to confirm the chemical structure of the new dyes. The new disperse dyes were used in dyeing polyester fabrics at low temperature, and fabrics with colors ranging from yellowish brown to dark yellowish brown were obtained. Thus, the different fastness properties of these dyed fabrics were studied, which gave excellent results. Finally, the biological activity of these new dyes was studied, which showed that they have biological activity against bacteria and fungi. \u0000 \u0000KEY WORDS: Azo dye, Carrier, Low temperature dyeing, Arylazophenols, Color fastness \u0000Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2023, 37(4), 993-1002. \u0000DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i4.15 ","PeriodicalId":9501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Ethiopia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47578518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Saud I. Al-Resayes, Amer J. Jarad, Jinan M. M. Al-Zinkee, T. H. Al-Noor, M. M. El-ajaily, Mohnad Abdalla, Kim Min, M. Azam, R. K. Mohapatra
ABSTRACT. The azo ligand obtained from the diazotization reaction of 2-aminobenzothiazole and 4-nitroaniline yielded a novel series of complexes with Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), and Zn(II) ions. The complexes were investigated using spectral techniques such as UV-Vis, FT-IR, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopic analyses, LC-MS and atomic absorption spectrometry, electrical conductivity, and magnetic susceptibility. The molar ratio of the synthesized compounds was determined using the ligand exchange ratio, which revealed the metal-ligand ratios in the isolated complexes were 1:2. The synthesized complexes were tested for antimicrobial activity against S. aureus, E. coli, C. albicans, and C. tropicalis bacterial species. Additionally, their binding affinities were predicted using molecular docking analysis, and their pharmacokinetic and drug-likeness properties were evaluated. KEY WORDS: Azo ligand, Metal complexes, Antimicrobial studies, Molecular docking study Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2023, 37(4), 931-944. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i4.10
{"title":"Synthesis, characterization, antimicrobial studies, and molecular docking studies of transition metal complexes formed from a benzothiazole-based azo ligand","authors":"Saud I. Al-Resayes, Amer J. Jarad, Jinan M. M. Al-Zinkee, T. H. Al-Noor, M. M. El-ajaily, Mohnad Abdalla, Kim Min, M. Azam, R. K. Mohapatra","doi":"10.4314/bcse.v37i4.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i4.9","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT. The azo ligand obtained from the diazotization reaction of 2-aminobenzothiazole and 4-nitroaniline yielded a novel series of complexes with Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), and Zn(II) ions. The complexes were investigated using spectral techniques such as UV-Vis, FT-IR, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopic analyses, LC-MS and atomic absorption spectrometry, electrical conductivity, and magnetic susceptibility. The molar ratio of the synthesized compounds was determined using the ligand exchange ratio, which revealed the metal-ligand ratios in the isolated complexes were 1:2. The synthesized complexes were tested for antimicrobial activity against S. aureus, E. coli, C. albicans, and C. tropicalis bacterial species. Additionally, their binding affinities were predicted using molecular docking analysis, and their pharmacokinetic and drug-likeness properties were evaluated. \u0000 \u0000KEY WORDS: Azo ligand, Metal complexes, Antimicrobial studies, Molecular docking study \u0000 \u0000Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2023, 37(4), 931-944. \u0000DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i4.10","PeriodicalId":9501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Ethiopia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47812203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Tegegne, Bhagwan Singh Chandravanshi, F. Zewge, L. Chimuka
ABSTRACT. Optimized QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged and safe) method of sample preparation was employed for five selected pharmaceutical compounds on its advantage of simplicity, less extraction solvent and extraction time. Different parameters affecting the extraction efficiency of the target analyte was optimized. Since QuEChERS was developed for pesticides, uses of the method for pharmaceuticals need modification and evaluation of different parameters. Clean-up sorbents were evaluated for their matrix effect removal after extraction and a combination of d-SPE sorbent, MgSO4, PSA, C18 and diatomaceous earth found to be selective clean-up sorbent for the targeted compounds. The addition and amount of diatomaceous earth and EDTA during the clean-up and extraction steps, respectively, were also examined and the amount was optimized. Solvent type and composition, salt type and extraction time were also optimized and methanol, MgSO4 with NaCl salt and 5 min extraction time was obtained. The method was successfully applied to different vegetable samples collected from Addis Ababa, Ethiopia and Johannesburg, South Africa (carrot, cabbage and lettuce) and none of the target analytes were found in the sample investigated. The matrix effect study on vegetable samples collected was found very high that suppresses the signal during analysis. KEY WORDS: QuEChERS, EDTA, Pharmaceuticals, Vegetable, HPLC Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2023, 37(4), 831-844. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i4.3
{"title":"Optimization of modified QuEChERS method for extraction of selected pharmaceuticals from vegetable samples using HPLC","authors":"B. Tegegne, Bhagwan Singh Chandravanshi, F. Zewge, L. Chimuka","doi":"10.4314/bcse.v37i4.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i4.3","url":null,"abstract":" \u0000ABSTRACT. Optimized QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged and safe) method of sample preparation was employed for five selected pharmaceutical compounds on its advantage of simplicity, less extraction solvent and extraction time. Different parameters affecting the extraction efficiency of the target analyte was optimized. Since QuEChERS was developed for pesticides, uses of the method for pharmaceuticals need modification and evaluation of different parameters. Clean-up sorbents were evaluated for their matrix effect removal after extraction and a combination of d-SPE sorbent, MgSO4, PSA, C18 and diatomaceous earth found to be selective clean-up sorbent for the targeted compounds. The addition and amount of diatomaceous earth and EDTA during the clean-up and extraction steps, respectively, were also examined and the amount was optimized. Solvent type and composition, salt type and extraction time were also optimized and methanol, MgSO4 with NaCl salt and 5 min extraction time was obtained. The method was successfully applied to different vegetable samples collected from Addis Ababa, Ethiopia and Johannesburg, South Africa (carrot, cabbage and lettuce) and none of the target analytes were found in the sample investigated. The matrix effect study on vegetable samples collected was found very high that suppresses the signal during analysis. \u0000 \u0000KEY WORDS: QuEChERS, EDTA, Pharmaceuticals, Vegetable, HPLC \u0000Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2023, 37(4), 831-844. \u0000DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v37i4.3","PeriodicalId":9501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Ethiopia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2023-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46186661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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