Rana S. Al-Shemary, Hadeer Jasem, Angham G. Hadi, Sadiq J. Baqir
Using appropriate organotin chloride salts and a ligand called 2-[(2,3-dimethylphenyl) amino] benzoic acid (DMPAB), a condensation procedure produced novel complexes such as triphenyltin, dimethyl, diphenyl, and dibutyl-tin. For difficult identification, a variety of analytical methods were used, including elemental analysis, carbon and proton magnetic resonance, and infrared spectra. The agar ditch method was used to assess the antibacterial effectiveness against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. When compared to the molecule generated from the ligand, the complexes showed more inhibitory action. Among the complexes tested, the dimethyltin carboxylate complex showed the strongest antibacterial action against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. KEY WORDS: Complexes, Antibacterial properties, Condensation process, Agar Ditch, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2024, 38(3), 647-655. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v38i3.8
{"title":"Boosted antibacterial efficacy: Di and triorganotin complexes via 2-[(2,3-dimethylphenyl)amino]benzoic acid","authors":"Rana S. Al-Shemary, Hadeer Jasem, Angham G. Hadi, Sadiq J. Baqir","doi":"10.4314/bcse.v38i3.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v38i3.8","url":null,"abstract":"Using appropriate organotin chloride salts and a ligand called 2-[(2,3-dimethylphenyl) amino] benzoic acid (DMPAB), a condensation procedure produced novel complexes such as triphenyltin, dimethyl, diphenyl, and dibutyl-tin. For difficult identification, a variety of analytical methods were used, including elemental analysis, carbon and proton magnetic resonance, and infrared spectra. The agar ditch method was used to assess the antibacterial effectiveness against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. When compared to the molecule generated from the ligand, the complexes showed more inhibitory action. Among the complexes tested, the dimethyltin carboxylate complex showed the strongest antibacterial action against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. \u0000KEY WORDS: Complexes, Antibacterial properties, Condensation process, Agar Ditch, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli \u0000Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2024, 38(3), 647-655. \u0000DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v38i3.8 ","PeriodicalId":9501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Ethiopia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140250635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Subrata Narayan Das, Susanta K. Biswal, Ajit Behera, Hamza Belbsir, Khalil El-Hami, Ranjan K. Mohapatra
The pipeline transportation of iron ore slurry (IOS) is an eco-friendly alternate mode to transport the raw materials to longer distance and reduce the transportation network congestion problems. Proper selection of surfactant could modify mineral’s viscosity, dispersion and wetting characteristics effectively as may be desired, which may further be monitored. A surfactant alters surface characteristics after being adsorbed onto minerals by altering the interfacial behaviour. This work is first report of the influence of a biosurfactant sourced from Aloe barbadensis Miller on the rheological behaviour of a high-grade iron ore (IO) sample at 45–72% by mass slurry concentrations range. The observed rheological parameters confirmed the non-Newtonian flow behaviour of the slurry. The collected IO and dried IOS samples were subjected to UV-Vis, XRF, PSD, XRD, SEM and EDS analyses. Experimental rheological data at varying concentrations was tested on various models to ascertain the best-fit rheological model for IOS transport. The Bingham model was found to be the most suitable to model the rheology of IOS. Experimental rheological behaviour of IOS was found to be linear with the yield stress. The study shall help to ascertain the suitability of a biosurfactant to stabilise high grade iron ores for pipeline transportation. KEY WORDS: Iron ore slurry, Aloe barbadensis, Rheological measurements, Rheological modelling Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2024, 38(3), 615-629. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v38i3.6
{"title":"Experimental and rheological modelling on the stabilization of iron ore slurry using a biosurfactant extracted from Aloe barbadensis Miller","authors":"Subrata Narayan Das, Susanta K. Biswal, Ajit Behera, Hamza Belbsir, Khalil El-Hami, Ranjan K. Mohapatra","doi":"10.4314/bcse.v38i3.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v38i3.6","url":null,"abstract":"The pipeline transportation of iron ore slurry (IOS) is an eco-friendly alternate mode to transport the raw materials to longer distance and reduce the transportation network congestion problems. Proper selection of surfactant could modify mineral’s viscosity, dispersion and wetting characteristics effectively as may be desired, which may further be monitored. A surfactant alters surface characteristics after being adsorbed onto minerals by altering the interfacial behaviour. This work is first report of the influence of a biosurfactant sourced from Aloe barbadensis Miller on the rheological behaviour of a high-grade iron ore (IO) sample at 45–72% by mass slurry concentrations range. The observed rheological parameters confirmed the non-Newtonian flow behaviour of the slurry. The collected IO and dried IOS samples were subjected to UV-Vis, XRF, PSD, XRD, SEM and EDS analyses. Experimental rheological data at varying concentrations was tested on various models to ascertain the best-fit rheological model for IOS transport. The Bingham model was found to be the most suitable to model the rheology of IOS. Experimental rheological behaviour of IOS was found to be linear with the yield stress. The study shall help to ascertain the suitability of a biosurfactant to stabilise high grade iron ores for pipeline transportation. \u0000KEY WORDS: Iron ore slurry, Aloe barbadensis, Rheological measurements, Rheological modelling \u0000Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2024, 38(3), 615-629. \u0000DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v38i3.6 ","PeriodicalId":9501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Ethiopia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140248913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hany M Abd El-Lateef, Nadia A.A. Elkanzi, Alaa Muqbil Alsirhania, Ibtisam K. Alali, Faeza Alkorbi, Rasha M. Ryad, El Sayed A. Saber, Ali M. Ali
In the current paper, nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiO NPs) was successfully applied as a sustainable effective and recoverable catalyst for the preparation of 2-amino-4H pyran derivatives 2-11 via one-pot, three-component reaction of 4-formylphenyl-4-methyl benzenesulfonate (1) with malononitrile and active methylene compounds in green solvent water and ethanol in ratio (3:1) in excellent yield (95-98%) and shorter reaction time (5-8 min). The structures of the pyran derivatives were elucidated by elemental and spectral analyses such as IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and DEPT 135 spectra. Moreover, the characterization of the catalyst after and before the reaction were studied using X-ray diffraction (X-RD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), EDX techniques and IR-spectra. It has been indicated that catalyst has the same efficiency. The application of this protocol has many advantages such as eco-friendly, inexpensive, simple protocol and easy recovery of the catalyst. Overall products are designed, synthesized and studied for their anti-microbial evaluation. It has been found that is compounds 2, 3, 7 and 10 are the most active against antibacterial compression with the stander drug Ampicillin. On the other hand, Compounds 2, 3, 8, and 11 displayed the most promising antifungal activities with Amphotericin B. KEY WORDS: Nickel oxide nanoparticles, Pyran derivatives, X-Ray diffraction (X-RD), Antimicrobial evaluation, One-pot, Three-component reaction Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2024, 38(3), 657-670. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v38i3.9
{"title":"Nickel oxide nanoparticles as sustainable catalysts for efficient synthesis and anti-microbial evaluation of 2-amino-4H-pyran derivatives","authors":"Hany M Abd El-Lateef, Nadia A.A. Elkanzi, Alaa Muqbil Alsirhania, Ibtisam K. Alali, Faeza Alkorbi, Rasha M. Ryad, El Sayed A. Saber, Ali M. Ali","doi":"10.4314/bcse.v38i3.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v38i3.9","url":null,"abstract":"In the current paper, nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiO NPs) was successfully applied as a sustainable effective and recoverable catalyst for the preparation of 2-amino-4H pyran derivatives 2-11 via one-pot, three-component reaction of 4-formylphenyl-4-methyl benzenesulfonate (1) with malononitrile and active methylene compounds in green solvent water and ethanol in ratio (3:1) in excellent yield (95-98%) and shorter reaction time (5-8 min). The structures of the pyran derivatives were elucidated by elemental and spectral analyses such as IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and DEPT 135 spectra. Moreover, the characterization of the catalyst after and before the reaction were studied using X-ray diffraction (X-RD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), EDX techniques and IR-spectra. It has been indicated that catalyst has the same efficiency. The application of this protocol has many advantages such as eco-friendly, inexpensive, simple protocol and easy recovery of the catalyst. Overall products are designed, synthesized and studied for their anti-microbial evaluation. It has been found that is compounds 2, 3, 7 and 10 are the most active against antibacterial compression with the stander drug Ampicillin. On the other hand, Compounds 2, 3, 8, and 11 displayed the most promising antifungal activities with Amphotericin B. \u0000KEY WORDS: Nickel oxide nanoparticles, Pyran derivatives, X-Ray diffraction (X-RD), Antimicrobial evaluation, One-pot, Three-component reaction \u0000Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2024, 38(3), 657-670. \u0000DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v38i3.9 ","PeriodicalId":9501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Ethiopia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140249475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. M. Mohareb, Magdy K. Zahran, Hager R. Maghraby, Amira E.M. Abdallah
In this study, several fused heterocyclic systems involving tetrahydrobenzopyrans 7a-i and tetrahydrobenzopyridines 9a-i were synthesized. The reactions proceed via a multicomponent reaction of different aromatic aldehydes, cyanoacetanilide derivatives, and cyclohexane-1,3-dione. All the produced compounds were tested for their anticancer activity by using six cancer cell lines such as A549, HT-29, MKN-45, U87MG, SMMC-7721 and H460 utilizing foretinib as the positive control and the standard MTT assay in vitro. The results indicated that many synthesized derivatives were the most potent towards all the cancer cell lines used, six compounds 7e, 7f, 9b, 9d, 9e, and 9g showed the highest potency. The results obtained in this work enhance further investigations in the future. KEY WORDS: Multi-component reactions, Cyanoacetanilide, Pyran, Pyridine, Cytotoxicity Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2024, 38(3), 739-750. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v38i3.15
{"title":"Multicomponent reactions of cyanoacetanilide derivatives: Synthesis of coumarin and quinoline derivative and evaluations of their cytotoxicity","authors":"R. M. Mohareb, Magdy K. Zahran, Hager R. Maghraby, Amira E.M. Abdallah","doi":"10.4314/bcse.v38i3.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v38i3.15","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, several fused heterocyclic systems involving tetrahydrobenzopyrans 7a-i and tetrahydrobenzopyridines 9a-i were synthesized. The reactions proceed via a multicomponent reaction of different aromatic aldehydes, cyanoacetanilide derivatives, and cyclohexane-1,3-dione. All the produced compounds were tested for their anticancer activity by using six cancer cell lines such as A549, HT-29, MKN-45, U87MG, SMMC-7721 and H460 utilizing foretinib as the positive control and the standard MTT assay in vitro. The results indicated that many synthesized derivatives were the most potent towards all the cancer cell lines used, six compounds 7e, 7f, 9b, 9d, 9e, and 9g showed the highest potency. The results obtained in this work enhance further investigations in the future. \u0000KEY WORDS: Multi-component reactions, Cyanoacetanilide, Pyran, Pyridine, Cytotoxicity \u0000Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2024, 38(3), 739-750. \u0000DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v38i3.15 ","PeriodicalId":9501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Ethiopia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140249507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Agnihotri, Mohini, Saud I. Al-Resayes, Saleem Javed, Mohammad Azam, Kumar Saurav, S. Muthu, Vikas Kumar, Manoj Singh
An analytical approach has been instigated for spectrophotometric inquisition of trace amounts of palladium in its bivalent oxidation state employing a novel 1-benzopyran derivative viz. A 1:2 [Pd(II):HMPB] light yellow complex is formed by a spontaneous interaction between Pd(II) and HMPB. The complex is quantitatively extracted from a weakly basic medium into dichloromethane absorbing prevalently and consistently at 405-425 nm. The method coheres to linearity up to 1.5 µg mL-1 of palladium(II). Analytical parameters such as the molar absorption coefficient (ε=3.011 × 104 L mol-1 cm-1), Sandell's sensitivity [0.0035 µg Pd(II) cm-2], % RSD (0.62%) and the limit of detection [0.0147 µg Pd(II) mL-1] indicate that the study satisfies all the criteria for good sensitivity, precision and accuracy. In addition, intervention with regard to numerous anions/complexing agents and cations of primary analytical importance has been performed to assess the method's flexibility and usefulness. The results show that the majority of them do not cause any interference during determination. To better understand chemistry of the prepared complex, spectroscopic quantum chemical studies including DFT and MEP mapping based on examination of the electronic characteristics of the complex in its most stable least energy conformation are used. KEY WORDS: Palladium, 3-Hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-4H-1-benzopyran, Extractive spectrophotometric determination, DFT, MEP, Docking Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2024, 38(3), 591-603. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v38i3.4
{"title":"A spectrophotometric determination and the quantum chemical investigation of Pd(II)-3-hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-4H-1-benzopyran complex","authors":"N. Agnihotri, Mohini, Saud I. Al-Resayes, Saleem Javed, Mohammad Azam, Kumar Saurav, S. Muthu, Vikas Kumar, Manoj Singh","doi":"10.4314/bcse.v38i3.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v38i3.4","url":null,"abstract":"An analytical approach has been instigated for spectrophotometric inquisition of trace amounts of palladium in its bivalent oxidation state employing a novel 1-benzopyran derivative viz. A 1:2 [Pd(II):HMPB] light yellow complex is formed by a spontaneous interaction between Pd(II) and HMPB. The complex is quantitatively extracted from a weakly basic medium into dichloromethane absorbing prevalently and consistently at 405-425 nm. The method coheres to linearity up to 1.5 µg mL-1 of palladium(II). Analytical parameters such as the molar absorption coefficient (ε=3.011 × 104 L mol-1 cm-1), Sandell's sensitivity [0.0035 µg Pd(II) cm-2], % RSD (0.62%) and the limit of detection [0.0147 µg Pd(II) mL-1] indicate that the study satisfies all the criteria for good sensitivity, precision and accuracy. In addition, intervention with regard to numerous anions/complexing agents and cations of primary analytical importance has been performed to assess the method's flexibility and usefulness. The results show that the majority of them do not cause any interference during determination. To better understand chemistry of the prepared complex, spectroscopic quantum chemical studies including DFT and MEP mapping based on examination of the electronic characteristics of the complex in its most stable least energy conformation are used. \u0000KEY WORDS: Palladium, 3-Hydroxy-2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-4H-1-benzopyran, Extractive spectrophotometric determination, DFT, MEP, Docking \u0000Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2024, 38(3), 591-603. \u0000DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v38i3.4 ","PeriodicalId":9501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Ethiopia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140248501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Treatment of the Schiff base 2-N-(salicylidene) benzothiazole (SabtH) with palladium chloride afforded the neutral 2-N-(salicylidene) benzothiazole palladium(II) complex. This was then treated with one molar equivalent of either ethylenediamine or 1,10-phenanthroline, yielding the neutral mixed ligand complexes 1 and 2, respectively. The prepared organic ligand and its mixed ligand complexes were characterised via UV-Vis, FTIR, 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR spectroscopy. The antiproliferative activities of 1 and 2 were tested against MCF-7 (breast) and HT-29 (colon) cancer cells using an MTT assay. 1 showed strong antiproliferative activity against both MCF-7 and HT-29 cancer cells, with IC50 values of 74.6 ± 8.35 and 174 ± 20.28 µg/mL, respectively. In addition, 2 exhibited the maximum antioxidant activity, with an EC50 value of 1029 ± 196.76 µg/mL. KEY WORDS: 2-N-(Salicylidene) benzothiazole, 1,10-Phenanthroline, Palladium mixed ligand complexes, Anticancer, Antioxidant activity Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2024, 38(3), 605-613. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v38i3.5
{"title":"Synthesis, characterisation, and anticancer and antioxidant activities of novel complexes of palladium and an organic Schiff-base ligand","authors":"Muhammad H. Khalil, Fuad O. Abdullah","doi":"10.4314/bcse.v38i3.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v38i3.5","url":null,"abstract":"Treatment of the Schiff base 2-N-(salicylidene) benzothiazole (SabtH) with palladium chloride afforded the neutral 2-N-(salicylidene) benzothiazole palladium(II) complex. This was then treated with one molar equivalent of either ethylenediamine or 1,10-phenanthroline, yielding the neutral mixed ligand complexes 1 and 2, respectively. The prepared organic ligand and its mixed ligand complexes were characterised via UV-Vis, FTIR, 1H-NMR, and 13C-NMR spectroscopy. The antiproliferative activities of 1 and 2 were tested against MCF-7 (breast) and HT-29 (colon) cancer cells using an MTT assay. 1 showed strong antiproliferative activity against both MCF-7 and HT-29 cancer cells, with IC50 values of 74.6 ± 8.35 and 174 ± 20.28 µg/mL, respectively. In addition, 2 exhibited the maximum antioxidant activity, with an EC50 value of 1029 ± 196.76 µg/mL. \u0000KEY WORDS: 2-N-(Salicylidene) benzothiazole, 1,10-Phenanthroline, Palladium mixed ligand complexes, Anticancer, Antioxidant activity \u0000Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2024, 38(3), 605-613. \u0000DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v38i3.5 ","PeriodicalId":9501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Ethiopia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140248140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. Tamil Elakkiya, G. Sundararajan, R. Lakshmipathy, P. Anitha, N. Muruganantham
Synthesis of cadmium sulfide (CdS) nanoparticles using watermelon rind aqueous extract was explored for its effectiveness in eliminating Methylene Blue (MB) and Crystal Violet (CV) dyes from water. The synthesised CdS nanoparticles were characterised with XRD, TEM and EDX and found to be around 10 nm in size with spherical shape. A central composite design was developed to optimise independent variables such as pH, contact time and initial concentrations. The developed quadratic model was found to be significant with p-value <0.0001 and lack of fit >0.005 suggesting the reliability of the model. Isotherm modelling analysis revealed that Langmuir and Freundlich's isotherms provided better explanation for the equilibrium data. The loading capacities of the CdS nanoparticles were found be 227.3 and 185.1 mg g-1, respectively for MB and CV. The experimental data showed a good fit with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, indicating that chemical reactions were the determining factor in controlling the rate-limiting step. Thermodynamic analyses indicated that the process was spontaneous and exothermic. Desorption and regeneration investigations demonstrated that CdS nanoparticles could be successfully regenerated up to 5 times and reused in the adsorption process. The results conclude that the CdS nanoparticles are capable of remediating water containing cationic dyes. KEY WORDS: Watermelon rind, CdS nanoparticles, Synthetic dyes, Adsorption, RSM Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2024, 38(3), 631-645. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v38i3.7
{"title":"Prolific application of green synthesised CdS nanoparticles for the sequestration of cationic dyes from aqueous solution","authors":"G. Tamil Elakkiya, G. Sundararajan, R. Lakshmipathy, P. Anitha, N. Muruganantham","doi":"10.4314/bcse.v38i3.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v38i3.7","url":null,"abstract":"Synthesis of cadmium sulfide (CdS) nanoparticles using watermelon rind aqueous extract was explored for its effectiveness in eliminating Methylene Blue (MB) and Crystal Violet (CV) dyes from water. The synthesised CdS nanoparticles were characterised with XRD, TEM and EDX and found to be around 10 nm in size with spherical shape. A central composite design was developed to optimise independent variables such as pH, contact time and initial concentrations. The developed quadratic model was found to be significant with p-value <0.0001 and lack of fit >0.005 suggesting the reliability of the model. Isotherm modelling analysis revealed that Langmuir and Freundlich's isotherms provided better explanation for the equilibrium data. The loading capacities of the CdS nanoparticles were found be 227.3 and 185.1 mg g-1, respectively for MB and CV. The experimental data showed a good fit with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, indicating that chemical reactions were the determining factor in controlling the rate-limiting step. Thermodynamic analyses indicated that the process was spontaneous and exothermic. Desorption and regeneration investigations demonstrated that CdS nanoparticles could be successfully regenerated up to 5 times and reused in the adsorption process. The results conclude that the CdS nanoparticles are capable of remediating water containing cationic dyes. \u0000KEY WORDS: Watermelon rind, CdS nanoparticles, Synthetic dyes, Adsorption, RSM \u0000Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2024, 38(3), 631-645. \u0000DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v38i3.7 ","PeriodicalId":9501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Ethiopia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140248846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sathish Rengarajan, A. Sathish Kumar, R. Ashok Kumar
In this investigation, the corrosion study was conducted on fiber laser welded joints of AISI 410 and 316L stainless steel plates using hydrochloric acid, basic, and salt medium, behavior in three different pH. The effects of three different corrosive atmospheres were examined using the weight loss method. The test sample which was exposed to 1 N hydrochloric acid medium for 48 Hours resulted in 0.006 g of weight loss. The maximum amount of corrosion was found in the acidic medium whereas the least was observed in the salt medium. The effectiveness of three distinct derivatives of 1H-indole-2,3-dione, each replaced with hydroxyl groups in various positions, in inhibiting corrosion. Among the three derivatives examined, it was observed that those with ortho and para hydroxyl group substitutions exhibited superior inhibitory properties. KEY WORDS: Fiber laser welding, Traverse speed, Corrosion study, Isatin Schiff base, Inhibitors Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2024, 38(3), 811-823. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v38i3.20
{"title":"Corrosion and inhibition studies on AISI 316 with AISI 410 fiber laser welded joints","authors":"Sathish Rengarajan, A. Sathish Kumar, R. Ashok Kumar","doi":"10.4314/bcse.v38i3.20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v38i3.20","url":null,"abstract":"In this investigation, the corrosion study was conducted on fiber laser welded joints of AISI 410 and 316L stainless steel plates using hydrochloric acid, basic, and salt medium, behavior in three different pH. The effects of three different corrosive atmospheres were examined using the weight loss method. The test sample which was exposed to 1 N hydrochloric acid medium for 48 Hours resulted in 0.006 g of weight loss. The maximum amount of corrosion was found in the acidic medium whereas the least was observed in the salt medium. The effectiveness of three distinct derivatives of 1H-indole-2,3-dione, each replaced with hydroxyl groups in various positions, in inhibiting corrosion. Among the three derivatives examined, it was observed that those with ortho and para hydroxyl group substitutions exhibited superior inhibitory properties. \u0000KEY WORDS: Fiber laser welding, Traverse speed, Corrosion study, Isatin Schiff base, Inhibitors \u0000Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2024, 38(3), 811-823. \u0000DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v38i3.20 ","PeriodicalId":9501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Ethiopia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140250600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study used micro-analyses, (FTIR, UV-Vis) spectra, magnetic, thermogravimetric, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) patterns, and transmittance electron microscopy (TEM) techniques to characterize three synthesized theophylline (TPH) complexes with ruthenium(III), platinum(IV), and iridium(III) metal ions. The metal ions indicated above were found to align with the TPH drug chelate as a mono-dentate ligand via the deprotonated NH group at the nitrogen atom position N7, as verified by FTIR measurements. Additionally, the complexes conductivity and magnetic susceptibility were examined. The octahedral geometry for the synthesized complexes was proposed by the current data. Except for the iridium(III) complex, which has a non-electrolytic nature due to the presence of a chlorine atom inside the chelation sphere, the molar conductivity of the complexes in DMSO solution was electrolyte in nature. Theophylline complexes with a (metal: ligand) stoichiometry of 1:2 were produced. The TPH complexes have also been tested in vitro against G(+) bacteria (Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus Aureus) and G(-) bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli) to evaluate their antibacterial efficacy. Human breast and liver cancer cell lines were used as a test for the TPH complexes in vitro anti-cancer properties. KEY WORDS: Theophylline, Metal ions, Chelation, Octahedral, Spectral analysis, Nano-particles, Biological evaluation Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2024, 38(3), 725-738. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v38i3.14
{"title":"Synthesis, spectroscopic and biological characterizations of platinum(IV), ruthenium(III) and iridium(III) theophylline complexes","authors":"Abeer A. El-Habeeb, M. S. Refat","doi":"10.4314/bcse.v38i3.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v38i3.14","url":null,"abstract":"This study used micro-analyses, (FTIR, UV-Vis) spectra, magnetic, thermogravimetric, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) patterns, and transmittance electron microscopy (TEM) techniques to characterize three synthesized theophylline (TPH) complexes with ruthenium(III), platinum(IV), and iridium(III) metal ions. The metal ions indicated above were found to align with the TPH drug chelate as a mono-dentate ligand via the deprotonated NH group at the nitrogen atom position N7, as verified by FTIR measurements. Additionally, the complexes conductivity and magnetic susceptibility were examined. The octahedral geometry for the synthesized complexes was proposed by the current data. Except for the iridium(III) complex, which has a non-electrolytic nature due to the presence of a chlorine atom inside the chelation sphere, the molar conductivity of the complexes in DMSO solution was electrolyte in nature. Theophylline complexes with a (metal: ligand) stoichiometry of 1:2 were produced. The TPH complexes have also been tested in vitro against G(+) bacteria (Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus Aureus) and G(-) bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli) to evaluate their antibacterial efficacy. Human breast and liver cancer cell lines were used as a test for the TPH complexes in vitro anti-cancer properties. \u0000KEY WORDS: Theophylline, Metal ions, Chelation, Octahedral, Spectral analysis, Nano-particles, Biological evaluation \u0000Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2024, 38(3), 725-738. \u0000DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v38i3.14 ","PeriodicalId":9501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Ethiopia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140248966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The hepatoprotective effect of synthesized 3-(3,5-bis (trifluoromethyl) phenyl)-5-methyl-1-((1-methyl-1H-pyrrol-2-yl) methyl)-2-thioxoimidazolidin-4-one (3FL-M) was evaluated against diethyl nitrosamine-induced liver injury (DEN). Wistar rats were divided into 3 groups as: placebo (received 10% tween 80%), hepatotoxic control (injected with 200 mg/kg of DEN) and treatment (injected 200 mg/kg of DEN and received 50 mg/kg oral feeding of the synthesized 3FL-M). Half the number of the rats were sacrificed on 2nd week of the experiment, whereas the other half were sacrificed after 6 weeks. Blood was collected to run liver biochemical analysis, and to evaluate pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha TNF-α and interleukine6 IL-6. Liver sections were used to detect nuclear protein ki-67 and hepatocyte specific antibody HSA. 3FL-M was subjected to molecular docking calculations based on binding affinities towards TNF-α and IL-6. DEN-treated rats showed elevation in the liver serum enzymes as well as pro-inflammatory cytokines with clear destruction of the hepatic architecture, in contrast 3FL-M treated rats showed normalized liver enzymes and cytokines levels with resolution of the hepatocytes. Molecular modelling revealed that 3FL-M exhibited the significant affinities toward the binding pocket of the TNF-α and IL-6, however, further studies is recommended for developing it as a chemotherapeutic drug-like molecule. KEY WORDS: DEN, Hepatoprotective, TNF-α, IL-6, Molecular docking Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2024, 38(3), 751-763. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v38i3.16
{"title":"Hepatoprotective perspective of newly synthesized 3-(3,5-bis (tri fluoro methyl) phenyl)- 5-methyl-1-((1-methyl-1h-pyrrol-2-yl) methyl)-2-thioxoimidazolidin-4-one against diethyl nitrosamine induced liver injury in rats with molecular docking investigatio","authors":"Lana S. Akree, Hiwa O. Ahmad, Zahra A. Amin","doi":"10.4314/bcse.v38i3.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v38i3.16","url":null,"abstract":"The hepatoprotective effect of synthesized 3-(3,5-bis (trifluoromethyl) phenyl)-5-methyl-1-((1-methyl-1H-pyrrol-2-yl) methyl)-2-thioxoimidazolidin-4-one (3FL-M) was evaluated against diethyl nitrosamine-induced liver injury (DEN). Wistar rats were divided into 3 groups as: placebo (received 10% tween 80%), hepatotoxic control (injected with 200 mg/kg of DEN) and treatment (injected 200 mg/kg of DEN and received 50 mg/kg oral feeding of the synthesized 3FL-M). Half the number of the rats were sacrificed on 2nd week of the experiment, whereas the other half were sacrificed after 6 weeks. Blood was collected to run liver biochemical analysis, and to evaluate pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha TNF-α and interleukine6 IL-6. Liver sections were used to detect nuclear protein ki-67 and hepatocyte specific antibody HSA. 3FL-M was subjected to molecular docking calculations based on binding affinities towards TNF-α and IL-6. DEN-treated rats showed elevation in the liver serum enzymes as well as pro-inflammatory cytokines with clear destruction of the hepatic architecture, in contrast 3FL-M treated rats showed normalized liver enzymes and cytokines levels with resolution of the hepatocytes. Molecular modelling revealed that 3FL-M exhibited the significant affinities toward the binding pocket of the TNF-α and IL-6, however, further studies is recommended for developing it as a chemotherapeutic drug-like molecule. \u0000KEY WORDS: DEN, Hepatoprotective, TNF-α, IL-6, Molecular docking \u0000Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop. 2024, 38(3), 751-763. \u0000DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bcse.v38i3.16 ","PeriodicalId":9501,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Ethiopia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140249616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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