Véronique Poulin, C. Gariépy, S. Cliché, Jocelyn Jacob, R. Gervais, P. Chouinard
Abstract One hundred twenty crossbred steers were allotted to six weight blocks. Within each block, steers were allotted to one of four pens in a randomized complete block design (5 head per pen, 24 total pens). Treatments were low forage control diets (LFC) or high forage diets supplemented with soybean oil (HFO), without or with anabolic implant in 2 × 2 factorial arrangement. As compared with LFC, HFO reduced dry matter intake and average daily gain, without affecting the gain:feed ratio. Feeding HFO also decreased dressing yield and backfat thickness, with no impact on the longissimus dorsi area and Warner-Bratzler shear force. Meat from steers fed HFO contained greater relative proportion of cis-9, cis-12 18:2, cis-9, trans-11 18:2, and cis-9, cis-12, cis-15 18:3 as compared with LFC. Implanted steers had greater dry matter intake, average daily gain, and gain:feed ratio. Implants improved dressing yield, tended to increase the longissimus dorsi area, decreased backfat thickness, and increased meat Warner-Bratzler shear force. Meat from implanted steers contained greater relative concentration of cis-9, cis-12 18:2 and cis-9, cis-12, cis-15 18:3, without affecting cis-9, trans-11 18:2, as compared with non-implanted animals. No interaction of diet by implant was observed for these variables.
{"title":"Effects of soybean oil plus additional forage and anabolic implant in finishing steers: feedlot performance, carcass composition, and meat quality","authors":"Véronique Poulin, C. Gariépy, S. Cliché, Jocelyn Jacob, R. Gervais, P. Chouinard","doi":"10.1139/cjas-2022-0060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjas-2022-0060","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract One hundred twenty crossbred steers were allotted to six weight blocks. Within each block, steers were allotted to one of four pens in a randomized complete block design (5 head per pen, 24 total pens). Treatments were low forage control diets (LFC) or high forage diets supplemented with soybean oil (HFO), without or with anabolic implant in 2 × 2 factorial arrangement. As compared with LFC, HFO reduced dry matter intake and average daily gain, without affecting the gain:feed ratio. Feeding HFO also decreased dressing yield and backfat thickness, with no impact on the longissimus dorsi area and Warner-Bratzler shear force. Meat from steers fed HFO contained greater relative proportion of cis-9, cis-12 18:2, cis-9, trans-11 18:2, and cis-9, cis-12, cis-15 18:3 as compared with LFC. Implanted steers had greater dry matter intake, average daily gain, and gain:feed ratio. Implants improved dressing yield, tended to increase the longissimus dorsi area, decreased backfat thickness, and increased meat Warner-Bratzler shear force. Meat from implanted steers contained greater relative concentration of cis-9, cis-12 18:2 and cis-9, cis-12, cis-15 18:3, without affecting cis-9, trans-11 18:2, as compared with non-implanted animals. No interaction of diet by implant was observed for these variables.","PeriodicalId":9512,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Animal Science","volume":"103 1","pages":"152 - 166"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48760823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract This experiment was accompanied to determine the use of yeast and garlic extract mixture in broiler diets on growth performance, nutrient absorption, excreta microbiota, blood profiles, and meat quality. A total of 792 male Ross 308 broilers (1-day-old, body weight 41 ± 0.5 g, and 5 weeks trial) were randomly allocated. Birds were arbitrarily assigned to one of four nutritive treatments (11 replicates; 18 birds/replicate). A basal diet (CON) was supplemented with 0.1%, 0.2%, and 0.3% yeast–garlic mixture (YGM). Body weight gain linearly increased during the overall period and tended to increase from day 21 to day 35, while feed intake showed a tendency to increase during the overall period by YGM inclusion. However, Salmonella counts linearly decreased, but Lactobacillus and Escherichia coli counts remained unaffected. Excreta CO2 emissions were linearly reduced; nevertheless, other noxious gas emissions were not affected. Furthermore, YGM supplementation elicited a tendency for improved lymphocytes and linearly increased IgG. However, feed conversion ratio, mortality, nutrient utilization, and meat quality were not influenced. YGM addition (0.1%, 0.2%, and 0.3%) linearly improved broiler growth performance by decreasing microbiota and gas emission and increasing blood parameters. So, the proper dose of YGM was 0.3%.
{"title":"Efficacy of yeast and garlic extract mixture on growth performance, tract digestibility, excreta microbiota, gas emission, blood profile, and meat quality in broiler","authors":"Sarbani Biswas, I. Kim","doi":"10.1139/cjas-2022-0069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjas-2022-0069","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This experiment was accompanied to determine the use of yeast and garlic extract mixture in broiler diets on growth performance, nutrient absorption, excreta microbiota, blood profiles, and meat quality. A total of 792 male Ross 308 broilers (1-day-old, body weight 41 ± 0.5 g, and 5 weeks trial) were randomly allocated. Birds were arbitrarily assigned to one of four nutritive treatments (11 replicates; 18 birds/replicate). A basal diet (CON) was supplemented with 0.1%, 0.2%, and 0.3% yeast–garlic mixture (YGM). Body weight gain linearly increased during the overall period and tended to increase from day 21 to day 35, while feed intake showed a tendency to increase during the overall period by YGM inclusion. However, Salmonella counts linearly decreased, but Lactobacillus and Escherichia coli counts remained unaffected. Excreta CO2 emissions were linearly reduced; nevertheless, other noxious gas emissions were not affected. Furthermore, YGM supplementation elicited a tendency for improved lymphocytes and linearly increased IgG. However, feed conversion ratio, mortality, nutrient utilization, and meat quality were not influenced. YGM addition (0.1%, 0.2%, and 0.3%) linearly improved broiler growth performance by decreasing microbiota and gas emission and increasing blood parameters. So, the proper dose of YGM was 0.3%.","PeriodicalId":9512,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Animal Science","volume":"103 1","pages":"143 - 151"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47713537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract This study investigated the effects of dietary lupin (LP) as a replacement for soybean meal (SBM) on the performance, meat quality, and blood parameters of broilers. A total of 960 1-day-old Ross 708 broilers were divided into four dietary groups. The four diets were formulated with different levels of dehulled LP content in place of SBM; LP0: 0, LP50: 50, LP100: 100, and LP200: 200g/kg. There was a trend (P < 0.10) for reduced weight gain in the LP200 group compared with other groups. The feed conversion ratio was higher (P < 0.05) in the LP200 group than in the LP0 and LP50 groups. Concerning breast meat characteristics, the lightness color (L*) was lower (P < 0.05) in the LP200-fed group compared with the LP0 group. Polyunsaturated fatty acids were higher (P < 0.05) in LP100- and LP200-fed chickens than in LP0-fed chickens. Serum HDL cholesterol was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in the group fed LP200 compared with the groups fed LP0 and LP50. A higher serum concentration of interleukin (IL)-2 was found in groups fed LP100 and LP200 than in groups fed LP0 and LP50. Our results suggest that LP could be a dose-dependent SBM substitute, and that the optimal level of LP inclusion is approximately 100g/kg.
{"title":"Effect of lupin (Lupinus angustifolius) as a soybean meal replacement on the performance, meat quality, and blood parameters of broilers","authors":"C. Lim, N. Choi","doi":"10.1139/cjas-2022-0104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjas-2022-0104","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study investigated the effects of dietary lupin (LP) as a replacement for soybean meal (SBM) on the performance, meat quality, and blood parameters of broilers. A total of 960 1-day-old Ross 708 broilers were divided into four dietary groups. The four diets were formulated with different levels of dehulled LP content in place of SBM; LP0: 0, LP50: 50, LP100: 100, and LP200: 200g/kg. There was a trend (P < 0.10) for reduced weight gain in the LP200 group compared with other groups. The feed conversion ratio was higher (P < 0.05) in the LP200 group than in the LP0 and LP50 groups. Concerning breast meat characteristics, the lightness color (L*) was lower (P < 0.05) in the LP200-fed group compared with the LP0 group. Polyunsaturated fatty acids were higher (P < 0.05) in LP100- and LP200-fed chickens than in LP0-fed chickens. Serum HDL cholesterol was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in the group fed LP200 compared with the groups fed LP0 and LP50. A higher serum concentration of interleukin (IL)-2 was found in groups fed LP100 and LP200 than in groups fed LP0 and LP50. Our results suggest that LP could be a dose-dependent SBM substitute, and that the optimal level of LP inclusion is approximately 100g/kg.","PeriodicalId":9512,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Animal Science","volume":"103 1","pages":"167 - 173"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43952940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract This study evaluated the effects of including soluble and insoluble dietary fiber sources in soybean oil-containing diet for broiler chickens on coefficient of apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of amino acids, coefficient of apparent retention (AR) of nutrients, and nitrogen-corrected apparent metabolizable energy (AMEn). A total of 180 broilers were divided into 30 groups and fed 3 diets from day 14 to 21 of age. The diets were corn–soybean meal containing 6.8% soybean oil without or with soybean hulls (SBH) or sugar beet pulp (SBP) at 8.0% as sources of insoluble and soluble fiber, respectively. The SBH and SBP contained 6.0% and 14.7% of soluble dietary fiber and 60.5% and 37.0% of insoluble dietary fiber, respectively. The AID of indispensable amino acids was decreased (P < 0.05) due to dietary inclusion of SBH, but not of SBP. Dietary SBH and SBP reduced the AR of gross energy (by 14% and 8%, respectively) and AMEn (by 20% and 14%, respectively). Overall, inclusion of SBH or SBP at 8.0% in a corn–soybean meal-based diet for broilers that contains high level of soybean oil might not improve nutrient digestibility. However, SBP has less detrimental effects on nutrient digestibility than SBH.
{"title":"Nutrient digestibility in broiler chickens fed diets containing high levels of soybean oil is affected by the source of fiber","authors":"S. Faryadi, S. Lashkari, S. P. Ndou, T. Woyengo","doi":"10.1139/cjas-2022-0064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjas-2022-0064","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study evaluated the effects of including soluble and insoluble dietary fiber sources in soybean oil-containing diet for broiler chickens on coefficient of apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of amino acids, coefficient of apparent retention (AR) of nutrients, and nitrogen-corrected apparent metabolizable energy (AMEn). A total of 180 broilers were divided into 30 groups and fed 3 diets from day 14 to 21 of age. The diets were corn–soybean meal containing 6.8% soybean oil without or with soybean hulls (SBH) or sugar beet pulp (SBP) at 8.0% as sources of insoluble and soluble fiber, respectively. The SBH and SBP contained 6.0% and 14.7% of soluble dietary fiber and 60.5% and 37.0% of insoluble dietary fiber, respectively. The AID of indispensable amino acids was decreased (P < 0.05) due to dietary inclusion of SBH, but not of SBP. Dietary SBH and SBP reduced the AR of gross energy (by 14% and 8%, respectively) and AMEn (by 20% and 14%, respectively). Overall, inclusion of SBH or SBP at 8.0% in a corn–soybean meal-based diet for broilers that contains high level of soybean oil might not improve nutrient digestibility. However, SBP has less detrimental effects on nutrient digestibility than SBH.","PeriodicalId":9512,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Animal Science","volume":"103 1","pages":"134 - 142"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45098051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kyle A. T. Moak, R. Bergeron, S. Conte, B. Bohrer, A. Arrazola, N. Devillers, L. Faucitano
Kyle A.T. Moak, Renée Bergeron, Sabine Conte, Benjamin M. Bohrer, Aitor Arrazola, Nicolas Devillers, and Luigi Faucitano Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; AAFC, Sherbrooke R&D Centre, Sherbrooke, QC J1M 0C8, Canada; Department of Food Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
{"title":"Correction: Use of two novel trailer types for transportation of pigs to slaughter. I. Effects on trailer microclimate, pig behaviour, physiological response, and meat quality under Canadian summer conditions","authors":"Kyle A. T. Moak, R. Bergeron, S. Conte, B. Bohrer, A. Arrazola, N. Devillers, L. Faucitano","doi":"10.1139/cjas-2022-0134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjas-2022-0134","url":null,"abstract":"Kyle A.T. Moak, Renée Bergeron, Sabine Conte, Benjamin M. Bohrer, Aitor Arrazola, Nicolas Devillers, and Luigi Faucitano Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; AAFC, Sherbrooke R&D Centre, Sherbrooke, QC J1M 0C8, Canada; Department of Food Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA","PeriodicalId":9512,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Animal Science","volume":"103 1","pages":"107 - 107"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43655803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kyle A. T. Moak, R. Bergeron, S. Conte, B. Bohrer, G. A. Ferreira, J. G. Vero, G. Aboagye, A. Arrazola, N. Devillers, L. Faucitano
Kyle A.T. Moak, Renée Bergeron, Sabine Conte, Benjamin M. Bohrer, Guilherme Agostini Ferreira, Jessica Gonçalves Vero, Gizella Aboagye , Aitor Arrazola, Nicolas Devillers, and Luigi Faucitano Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; AAFC, Sherbrooke R&D Centre, Sherbrooke, QC J1M 0C8, Canada; Department of Food Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Department of Animal Science, State University of Londrina, Londrina CEP 86051-990, Brazil; f Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DISTAL), Division of Animal Sciences, University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy
{"title":"Correction: Use of two novel trailer types for transportation of pigs to slaughter. II. Effects on trailer microclimate, pig behaviour, physiological response, and meat quality under Canadian winter conditions","authors":"Kyle A. T. Moak, R. Bergeron, S. Conte, B. Bohrer, G. A. Ferreira, J. G. Vero, G. Aboagye, A. Arrazola, N. Devillers, L. Faucitano","doi":"10.1139/cjas-2022-0135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjas-2022-0135","url":null,"abstract":"Kyle A.T. Moak, Renée Bergeron, Sabine Conte, Benjamin M. Bohrer, Guilherme Agostini Ferreira, Jessica Gonçalves Vero, Gizella Aboagye , Aitor Arrazola, Nicolas Devillers, and Luigi Faucitano Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; AAFC, Sherbrooke R&D Centre, Sherbrooke, QC J1M 0C8, Canada; Department of Food Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada; Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; Department of Animal Science, State University of Londrina, Londrina CEP 86051-990, Brazil; f Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DISTAL), Division of Animal Sciences, University of Bologna, 40127 Bologna, Italy","PeriodicalId":9512,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Animal Science","volume":"103 1","pages":"108 - 108"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47056104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract A total of 120 21-day-old weaned piglets ((Yorkshire × Landrace) × Duroc) were used to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation of diacylglycerol (DAG) on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility, fecal noxious gas emission, and hematology parameters in a 42-day experiment. All pigs were randomly assigned to three groups based on the initial body weight (6.47 ± 0.45kg). There were eight replicate pens per treatment and five pigs (three barrows and two gilts) per pen. The DAG in the levels of 0%, 0.05%, or 0.10% was used as supplement to the corn–soybean meal-based basal diet. Piglets fed the diet supplemented with graded levels of DAG linearly increased the average daily gain (ADG) during days 22–42 (P = 0.027) and 1–42 (P = 0.048). In addition, a tendency in the linear reduction of fecal ammonia (P = 0.095), hydrogen sulfide (P = 0.078), and methyl mercaptan (P = 0.085) emission was observed by increasing the DAG levels in the diet. However, feeding pigs with DAG-containing diet had no significant effects on the nutrient digestibility and hematology parameters. Therefore, the suitable dose of DAG used in the diet of weaned piglets was at 0.10% to improve ADG and reduce fecal gas emission.
{"title":"Effects of dietary supplementation of diacylglycerol on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, fecal noxious gas emission, and hematology parameters in weaned piglets","authors":"D. Dang, I. Kim","doi":"10.1139/cjas-2021-0136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjas-2021-0136","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A total of 120 21-day-old weaned piglets ((Yorkshire × Landrace) × Duroc) were used to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation of diacylglycerol (DAG) on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility, fecal noxious gas emission, and hematology parameters in a 42-day experiment. All pigs were randomly assigned to three groups based on the initial body weight (6.47 ± 0.45kg). There were eight replicate pens per treatment and five pigs (three barrows and two gilts) per pen. The DAG in the levels of 0%, 0.05%, or 0.10% was used as supplement to the corn–soybean meal-based basal diet. Piglets fed the diet supplemented with graded levels of DAG linearly increased the average daily gain (ADG) during days 22–42 (P = 0.027) and 1–42 (P = 0.048). In addition, a tendency in the linear reduction of fecal ammonia (P = 0.095), hydrogen sulfide (P = 0.078), and methyl mercaptan (P = 0.085) emission was observed by increasing the DAG levels in the diet. However, feeding pigs with DAG-containing diet had no significant effects on the nutrient digestibility and hematology parameters. Therefore, the suitable dose of DAG used in the diet of weaned piglets was at 0.10% to improve ADG and reduce fecal gas emission.","PeriodicalId":9512,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Animal Science","volume":"103 1","pages":"121 - 127"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42132573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Rogiewicz, A. Józefiak, D. Mikulski, J. Juśkiewicz, Z. Zduńczyk, J. Jankowski, D. Józefiak, R. Patterson, B. Slominski
Abstract The effect of a multi-carbohydrase (E) and its combination with an enzymatically modified yeast cell wall (Y) on the ileal and cecal microbiota and on gut function of turkeys was studied. The experimental diets, including the control (C), C + E, and C + E + Y, were fed to seven replicate pens of four birds from 22 to 56days of age. The addition of E + Y resulted in a significant decrease in the relative abundance of Firmicutes and a significant increase of Actinobacteria in ileal digesta. A significant decrease in the abundance of Firmicutes was not followed by the abundance of Ruminococcaceae, one of the butyrate-producing bacteria. This coincided with a significantly increased concentration of butyrate in the ileal digesta and the proportion of butyrate within the total short-chain fatty acids (SCFA). As opposed to the ileum, the addition of E or E + Y did not affect the relative abundance of Firmicutes in ceca. The higher content of SCFA in the cecal digesta than in the ileum would reflect differences in microbial activities in both compartments, and possible increased SCFA absorption from the ileum. Overall, the positive effects of enzyme and yeast bioactive supplements on bacterial communities appeared to be more pronounced in the small intestine.
{"title":"The effect of a multi-carbohydrase enzyme and yeast-derived product on intestinal microbiome structure, activity, and gut function of turkeys","authors":"A. Rogiewicz, A. Józefiak, D. Mikulski, J. Juśkiewicz, Z. Zduńczyk, J. Jankowski, D. Józefiak, R. Patterson, B. Slominski","doi":"10.1139/cjas-2022-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjas-2022-0001","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The effect of a multi-carbohydrase (E) and its combination with an enzymatically modified yeast cell wall (Y) on the ileal and cecal microbiota and on gut function of turkeys was studied. The experimental diets, including the control (C), C + E, and C + E + Y, were fed to seven replicate pens of four birds from 22 to 56days of age. The addition of E + Y resulted in a significant decrease in the relative abundance of Firmicutes and a significant increase of Actinobacteria in ileal digesta. A significant decrease in the abundance of Firmicutes was not followed by the abundance of Ruminococcaceae, one of the butyrate-producing bacteria. This coincided with a significantly increased concentration of butyrate in the ileal digesta and the proportion of butyrate within the total short-chain fatty acids (SCFA). As opposed to the ileum, the addition of E or E + Y did not affect the relative abundance of Firmicutes in ceca. The higher content of SCFA in the cecal digesta than in the ileum would reflect differences in microbial activities in both compartments, and possible increased SCFA absorption from the ileum. Overall, the positive effects of enzyme and yeast bioactive supplements on bacterial communities appeared to be more pronounced in the small intestine.","PeriodicalId":9512,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Animal Science","volume":"103 1","pages":"109 - 120"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41655954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
O. Babatunde, C. Cargo-Froom, Y. Ai, R. Newkirk, C. Marinangeli, A. Shoveller, D. Columbus
Abstract Starch and fibre contribute to the energy components and add functionality to the end-product feed ingredients. An understanding of the impact of processing on carbohydrate content will support accurate formulation of feed. Six ingredients, grown or sourced in Canada, were used in this study. They included five pulses, Amarillo peas, Dun peas, chickpeas, lentils, and faba beans, and soybean meal (SBM) as a comparison. All ingredients were ground into fine or coarse products and then pelleted at one of three different temperatures. Grinding reduced the total starch (TS) content of Amarillo peas and chickpeas (P < 0.05), crude fibre (CF) in Dun peas (P < 0.05), and total dietary fibre (TDF) and insoluble fibre (IDF) in lentils (P < 0.05). Grinding only affected soluble fibre (SDF) in chickpeas. The effect of pelleting was variable for TDF across pulses. Pelleting did not affect the SDF content of pulses (P > 0.05). Finely processed SBM had higher (P < 0.05) TS, TDF, and IDF content than coarsely processed SBM. Results indicate that grinding and pelleting could affect the starch and fibre composition of some pulses.
{"title":"Processing effects on the starch and fibre composition of Canadian pulses","authors":"O. Babatunde, C. Cargo-Froom, Y. Ai, R. Newkirk, C. Marinangeli, A. Shoveller, D. Columbus","doi":"10.1139/cjas-2022-0108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjas-2022-0108","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Starch and fibre contribute to the energy components and add functionality to the end-product feed ingredients. An understanding of the impact of processing on carbohydrate content will support accurate formulation of feed. Six ingredients, grown or sourced in Canada, were used in this study. They included five pulses, Amarillo peas, Dun peas, chickpeas, lentils, and faba beans, and soybean meal (SBM) as a comparison. All ingredients were ground into fine or coarse products and then pelleted at one of three different temperatures. Grinding reduced the total starch (TS) content of Amarillo peas and chickpeas (P < 0.05), crude fibre (CF) in Dun peas (P < 0.05), and total dietary fibre (TDF) and insoluble fibre (IDF) in lentils (P < 0.05). Grinding only affected soluble fibre (SDF) in chickpeas. The effect of pelleting was variable for TDF across pulses. Pelleting did not affect the SDF content of pulses (P > 0.05). Finely processed SBM had higher (P < 0.05) TS, TDF, and IDF content than coarsely processed SBM. Results indicate that grinding and pelleting could affect the starch and fibre composition of some pulses.","PeriodicalId":9512,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Animal Science","volume":"103 1","pages":"92 - 100"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48384951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Eight Holstein cows were used in a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square design study to determine the effects of partially replacing canola meal (CM) with 5%, 7.5%, and 10% camelina expeller meal (CEM) on production and milk fatty acid profiles. Replacing CM with CEM did not affect feed intake and milk yield, but milk contents of fat and protein decreased linearly. Feeding increasing amounts of CEM linearly increased milk contents of C18:2n6, C18:3n3, cis-9, trans-11 CLA, trans-10, cis-12 CLA, and total CLA. CEM can be fed up to 10% of dietary DM without negatively affecting production and can increase milk contents of omega-3 fatty acids.
{"title":"Effects of feeding graded levels of camelina expeller meal up to 10% of dietary dry matter on production and milk fatty acid profiles in dairy cows","authors":"T. Mutsvangwa, S. Abeysekara, Sean Thompson","doi":"10.1139/cjas-2022-0027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjas-2022-0027","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Eight Holstein cows were used in a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square design study to determine the effects of partially replacing canola meal (CM) with 5%, 7.5%, and 10% camelina expeller meal (CEM) on production and milk fatty acid profiles. Replacing CM with CEM did not affect feed intake and milk yield, but milk contents of fat and protein decreased linearly. Feeding increasing amounts of CEM linearly increased milk contents of C18:2n6, C18:3n3, cis-9, trans-11 CLA, trans-10, cis-12 CLA, and total CLA. CEM can be fed up to 10% of dietary DM without negatively affecting production and can increase milk contents of omega-3 fatty acids.","PeriodicalId":9512,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Animal Science","volume":"103 1","pages":"101 - 106"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45300800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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