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Assessment of seasonality of rotavirus PCR detection in swine from Ontario and Quebec between 2016-2020 using submissions to a diagnostic laboratory. 使用提交给诊断实验室的材料评估2016-2020年安大略省和魁北克省猪轮状病毒PCR检测的季节性
IF 1.1 4区 农林科学 Q2 Veterinary Pub Date : 2022-10-01
Hoc Tran, Robert Friendship, Davor Ojkic, Zvonimir Poljak

The goal of this study was to determine if seasonality of rotavirus A, B, and C infection is present in Ontario and Quebec swine herds by investigating submissions to a diagnostic laboratory. Samples (N = 1557) within 755 case submissions from Canadian swine herds between 2016 and 2020 were tested for rotaviruses A, B, and C using a real-time polymerase-chain reaction assay and described. Data from Ontario and Quebec were additionally analyzed using boxplots, 6-week rolling averages, time-series decomposition, and negative binomial regression models. Percentage positivity of submissions for rotaviruses A, B, and C were discovered to be highest in nursery/weaner (n = 100, 94.0%, 60.0%, 80.0%) and grower/finisher (n = 13, 84.6%, 46.2%, 61.5%) pigs and lowest in gilt/sow (n = 45, 68.9%, 20.0%, 40.0%) and suckling pigs (n = 102, 67.6%, 10.8%, 38.2%), respectively. The most common combination of rotavirus at the sample level was AC (n = 252, 17%) and ABC (n = 175, 23.2%) at the submission level. Percent positivity for rotavirus A, B, and C across all Canadian provinces included in the study were 69.9%, 32.6%, and 53.1%, respectively. Descriptive analysis suggested little to no evidence of seasonal patterns, although a spike in November was seen in the monthly total submissions and monthly total positive submissions. Statistically, the overall month effect could not be identified as statistically significant (P > 0.05) for any of the evaluated submission counts. Overall, there was no evidence supporting seasonality of rotavirus within Ontario and Quebec swine herds between 2016 and 2020.

本研究的目的是通过调查提交给诊断实验室的资料,确定安大略省和魁北克省猪群中轮状病毒A、B和C感染是否存在季节性。使用实时聚合酶链反应法对2016年至2020年间加拿大猪群提交的755例病例中的样本(N = 1557)进行了轮状病毒A、B和C的检测,并进行了描述。来自安大略省和魁北克省的数据还使用箱线图、6周滚动平均值、时间序列分解和负二项回归模型进行分析。轮状病毒A、B和C的检出率在苗猪/断奶猪(n = 100、94.0%、60.0%、80.0%)和生长猪/育肥猪(n = 13、84.6%、46.2%、61.5%)中最高,在母猪/母猪(n = 45、68.9%、20.0%、40.0%)和乳猪(n = 102、67.6%、10.8%、38.2%)中最低。在提交水平,最常见的轮状病毒组合是AC (n = 252, 17%)和ABC (n = 175, 23.2%)。在研究中包括的所有加拿大省份中,轮状病毒A、B和C的阳性率分别为69.9%、32.6%和53.1%。描述性分析表明几乎没有季节性模式的证据,尽管在11月的月总提交量和月总积极提交量中出现了高峰。统计上,对于任何评估的提交次数,总月效应都不能被认为具有统计学意义(P > 0.05)。总体而言,没有证据支持2016年至2020年安大略省和魁北克省猪群中轮状病毒的季节性。
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引用次数: 0
Macleaya cordata extract modulates inflammation via inhibition of the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways in porcine alveolar macrophages induced by Glaesserella parasuis. Macleaya cordat提取物通过抑制副猪绿脓杆菌诱导的猪肺泡巨噬细胞NF-κB和MAPK信号通路来调节炎症。
IF 1.1 4区 农林科学 Q2 Veterinary Pub Date : 2022-10-01
Ze Zeng, Huaqi Zhang, Ganbei Gui, Jie Luo, Shanshan Liu

Glässer's disease in pigs is associated with infection by Glaesserella parasuis and is characterized by pneumonia-like symptoms, fibrinous polyserositis, polyarthritis, and meningitis. Macleaya cordata, a commonly used traditional Chinese medication, has been shown to have anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antioxidative, antimicrobial, insecticidal, and antitumor properties. However, the anti-inflammatory effects of M. cordata on G. parasuis stimulation are still poorly understood. This study explored the anti-inflammatory effects and mechanisms of M. cordata extract on G. parasuis-induced inflammatory responses, via the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways, in porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs). Porcine alveolar macrophages, when stimulated with G. parasuis, initiated transcription of interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). Furthermore, p65, IκBα, p38, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) phosphorylation were upregulated via the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. However, treatment with M. cordata extract inhibited transcription of IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α and reduced p65, IκBα, p38, ERK, and JNK phosphorylation, by inhibiting activation of the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways in PAMs induced by G. parasuis. These findings reveal that M. cordata extract can reverse the inflammatory effect initiated by G. parasuis in vitro and that it possesses significant immunosuppression activity; thus, it may offer a novel strategy for controlling and treating G. parasuis infection.

猪中Glässer的疾病与副猪绿脓杆菌感染有关,其特征是肺炎样症状、纤维性多浆液炎、多关节炎和脑膜炎。Macleaya cordata是一种常用的中药,已被证明具有抗炎、抗病毒、抗氧化、抗菌、杀虫和抗肿瘤的特性。然而,对蛇麻草对副猪棘球蚴刺激的抗炎作用仍知之甚少。本研究通过核因子κB (NF-κB)和丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(MAPK)信号通路,探讨了cordata提取物对猪肺泡巨噬细胞(PAMs)炎症反应的抗炎作用及其机制。猪肺泡巨噬细胞受到副猪弧菌刺激后,可启动白细胞介素(IL)-1α、IL-1β、IL-6、IL-8和肿瘤坏死因子α (TNF-α)的转录。此外,p65、i -κB α、p38、细胞外信号调节激酶(ERK)和c-Jun n -末端激酶(JNK)磷酸化通过NF-κB和MAPK信号通路上调。然而,通过抑制副猪棘球蚴诱导的PAMs中NF-κB和MAPK信号通路的激活,番木瓜提取物抑制了IL-1α、IL-1β、IL-6、IL-8和TNF-α的转录,降低了p65、i -κB α、p38、ERK和JNK的磷酸化。上述结果表明,天竺葵提取物能在体外逆转副猪弧菌引起的炎症作用,具有明显的免疫抑制活性;因此,它可能为控制和治疗副猪螺旋体感染提供一种新的策略。
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引用次数: 0
Chlorhexidine shampooing of dogs the night before elective surgery: Are human recommendations applicable to veterinary medicine? 选择性手术前一晚狗用氯己定洗发:人类的建议是否适用于兽医?
IF 1.1 4区 农林科学 Q2 Veterinary Pub Date : 2022-10-01
Ömer Coskun, Sivert Viskjer

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of the night before surgery chlorhexidine shampooing on skin bacterial colony-forming units (CFU) in dogs. Twenty-five dogs had the right hindleg washed with chlorhexidine gluconate solution the night before sampling, the untreated left hindleg was used as a control. Colony-forming units were counted from 150 agar plates, 75 from each side. Median CFU on the treated side and the control side after clipping was 11 and 50, respectively (P = 0.01). Samples obtained after scrubbing the skin with CHXG, and after the final disinfection with alcohol showed no difference in CFU between sides. The "night before" chlorhexidine wash effectively decimated the skin surface bacterial CFU, but this effect was only evident after clipping. After the routine preoperative chlorhexidine scrubbing and alcohol disinfection no beneficial effects were proven.

本研究的目的是调查术前一晚洗必泰洗发对狗皮肤细菌菌落形成单位(CFU)的影响。25只狗在采样前一晚用葡萄糖酸氯己定溶液清洗右后腿,未处理的左后腿作为对照。从150个琼脂平板上计数菌落形成单位,每边75个。夹断后治疗侧和对照组的中位CFU分别为11和50 (P = 0.01)。用CHXG擦洗皮肤和最后用酒精消毒后获得的样本显示,双方的CFU没有差异。“前一晚”的洗必泰有效地消灭了皮肤表面的细菌CFU,但这种效果只有在剪后才明显。术前常规洗必泰擦洗和酒精消毒后无明显效果。
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引用次数: 0
Relationship of persistent lymphocytosis, antibody titers, and proviral load with expression of interleukin-12, interferon-γ, interleukin-2, interleukin-4, interleukin-10, and transforming growth factor-β in cows infected with bovine leukemia virus from a high-prevalence dairy complex. 牛白血病病毒感染奶牛持续淋巴细胞增生、抗体滴度和前病毒载量与白细胞介素-12、干扰素-γ、白细胞介素-2、白细胞介素-4、白细胞介素-10和转化生长因子-β表达的关系
IF 1.1 4区 农林科学 Q2 Veterinary Pub Date : 2022-10-01
Ernesto Marin-Flamand, Diana Michele Araiza-Hernandez, Alejandro Vargas-Ruiz, Ignacio Carlos Rangel-Rodríguez, Lilia A González-Tapia, Hugo Ramírez-Álvarez, Ruperto Javier Hernández-Balderas, Lucía Angélica García-Camacho

Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) subclinical infection promotes persistent lymphocytosis (PL), which is related to susceptibility and progression to lymphoma. Moreover, lymphocyte counts directly correlate with BLV antibody titers and proviral load, and cell immune responses are considered atypical due to immune suppression. In order to determine the relationship of PL, antibody titers, and proviral load with interleukin (IL)-12, interferon (IFN)-γ, IL-2, IL-4, IL-10, and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β expression in a 3-month interval, 58 cows were selected (30 BLV+ and 28 BLV-) from a high-prevalence dairy herd to complete 3 monthly blood samplings for the assessment of PL, BLV antibody titers, BLV proviral load, and IL-12, IFN-γ, IL-2, IL-4, IL-10, and TGF-β expression. At sampling conclusion, the BLV-infected cows were grouped according to PL, BLV proviral load, and BLV antibody titers as follows: BLV+PL+ (n = 16) and BLV+PL- (n = 14); high proviral load (HPL) (n = 18) and low proviral load (LPL) (n = 13); high antibody titers (HAT) (n = 17) and low antibody titers (LAT) (n = 14). The BLV+PL+ cows showed significantly higher proviral load and antibody titers than the BLV+PL- group; however, the former suggested spread presumably unrelated to lymphoma outcome, because HPL was observed in PL- cows in the last sampling. Consistent with the data, a higher antibody response strongly indicated BLV susceptibility since it was linked to PL+ occurrence and a cytokine profile compatible with immune suppression. Furthermore, a reversion to lower antibody titers was observed in cows with HPL far ahead of time, most likely due to long-term immune suppression. In addition, high expression of IL-10 and TGF-β was associated with reduced IL-12, IFN-γ, IL-2, and IL-4 expression alongside PL, HAT, and HPL in BLV-infected cows, suggesting an IL-10- and TGF-β-induced immune suppression. The IL-10 expression was increasing throughout, implying disease progression, as described. In conclusion, the proliferative expansion of lymphocytes known as PL might enhance a regulatory-rich cell population (Bregs and/or Tregs) that secretes IL-10 and TGF-β, leading to immune suppression. Further studies must be conducted regarding the types of regulatory cells involved in BLV-induced immune suppression.

牛白血病病毒(BLV)亚临床感染促进持续性淋巴细胞增多(PL),这与淋巴瘤的易感性和进展有关。此外,淋巴细胞计数与BLV抗体滴度和前病毒载量直接相关,由于免疫抑制,细胞免疫反应被认为是非典型的。为了确定3个月间PL、抗体滴度和前病毒载量与白细胞介素(IL)-12、干扰素(IFN)-γ、IL-2、IL-4、IL-10和转化生长因子(TGF)-β表达的关系,从高流行奶牛群中选择58头奶牛(30头BLV+和28头BLV-),完成3个月的血液采样,评估PL、BLV抗体滴度、BLV前病毒载量以及IL-12、IFN-γ、IL-2、IL-4、IL-10和TGF-β表达。采样结束后,将感染BLV的奶牛按病毒载量、病毒原载量和抗体滴度进行分组:BLV+PL+ (n = 16)和BLV+PL- (n = 14);高前病毒载量(HPL) (n = 18)和低前病毒载量(LPL) (n = 13);高抗体滴度(HAT) (n = 17)和低抗体滴度(LAT) (n = 14)。BLV+PL+奶牛的原病毒载量和抗体滴度显著高于BLV+PL-组;然而,前者表明传播可能与淋巴瘤结局无关,因为在最后一次抽样中在PL-奶牛中观察到HPL。与数据一致,较高的抗体应答强烈表明BLV易感性,因为它与PL+的发生和与免疫抑制相容的细胞因子谱有关。此外,在患有HPL的奶牛中,很可能由于长期的免疫抑制,抗体滴度提前逆转到较低的水平。此外,高表达IL-10和TGF-β与blv感染奶牛IL-12、IFN-γ、IL-2和IL-4以及PL、HAT和HPL表达降低相关,提示IL-10和TGF-β诱导了免疫抑制。IL-10的表达在整个过程中增加,表明疾病进展,如上所述。综上所述,淋巴细胞的增殖性扩增(称为PL)可能会增强分泌IL-10和TGF-β的富调控细胞群(Bregs和/或Tregs),从而导致免疫抑制。对于参与blv诱导的免疫抑制的调节细胞类型,必须进行进一步的研究。
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引用次数: 0
Coincidence of v-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B mutation (V595E) with phosphorylated v-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B in urothelial carcinoma in dogs. 狗尿路上皮癌中 v-raf 小鼠肉瘤病毒癌基因同源物 B 突变 (V595E) 与 v-raf 小鼠肉瘤病毒癌基因同源物 B 磷酸化的并发症。
IF 1.1 4区 农林科学 Q2 Veterinary Pub Date : 2022-10-01
Hirofumi Yamasaki, Yosuke Uematsu, Yuhei Hayashi, Masao Yamashita, Meina Tei, Kazuyuki Uchida, Kenichiro Ono, Hidehiro Hirao

Expression of phosphorylated v-raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B (pBRAF) and phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase1/2 (pERK1/2) were investigated in urothelial carcinoma (UC) in dogs with or without the BRAF gene mutation (V595E). Among the 10 cases of UC with V595E (-), cytoplasmic immunoreactivity against pBRAF of neoplastic cells was reported in 8, with 7 displaying moderate reactivity and 1 displaying intense reactivity. Nuclear immunoreactivity against pBRAF was detected in 5 cases; however, these reactivities were non-specific, due to pBRAF being limited in the cytoplasm. In addition, positive cytoplasmic immunoreactivity against pERK1/2 of neoplastic cells was detected in 7 cases and nuclear immunoreactivity against ERK1/2 was detected in 6 cases. Among the 13 cases of UC with V595E (+), cytoplasmic immunoreactivity against pBRAF of neoplastic cells was detected in all 13 cases and nuclear immunoreactivity against pBRAF was detected in 10 cases; however, the nuclear immunoreactivity was non-specific. Cytoplasmic immunoreactivity against pERK1/2 of neoplastic cells was detected in all 13 cases and nuclear immunoreactivity against pERK1/2 was also detected in all cases. As nuclear pERK1/2 indicates a progressive signaling process in the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway, V595E (+) UC might be in its growing stage. Probable phosphorylated sites of pBRAF at Thr598/Ser601, detected in this study, are major and essential sites of the upstream rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (RAS) signaling pathway. In human cancers, the BRAF mutation never coincides with oncogenic RAS. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the simultaneous occurrence of the BRAF mutation (V595E) and pBRAF expression (at Thr598/Ser601) in dogs with UC with V595E (+).

研究了磷酸化v-raf小鼠肉瘤病毒癌基因同源物B(pBRAF)和磷酸化细胞外信号调节激酶1/2(pERK1/2)在有或没有BRAF基因突变(V595E)的狗尿路上皮癌(UC)中的表达情况。在 10 例 V595E(-)的 UC 中,有 8 例报告了肿瘤细胞的 pBRAF 细胞质免疫反应,其中 7 例为中度反应,1 例为高度反应。在 5 个病例中检测到了针对 pBRAF 的核免疫反应;然而,这些反应是非特异性的,因为 pBRAF 仅限于细胞质中。此外,在 7 个病例中检测到针对肿瘤细胞 pERK1/2 的细胞质免疫反应阳性,在 6 个病例中检测到针对 ERK1/2 的核免疫反应阳性。在 13 例 V595E(+)型 UC 病例中,所有 13 例均检测到针对肿瘤细胞 pBRAF 的细胞质免疫反应,10 例检测到针对 pBRAF 的核免疫反应;然而,核免疫反应是非特异性的。在所有 13 个病例中都检测到了针对肿瘤细胞 pERK1/2 的细胞质免疫反应,在所有病例中也检测到了针对 pERK1/2 的核免疫反应。由于核 pERK1/2 表明有丝分裂原激活蛋白激酶通路中的信号转导过程是渐进的,因此 V595E (+) UC 可能正处于生长阶段。本研究中检测到的 pBRAF 在 Thr598/Ser601 处的可能磷酸化位点是上游大鼠肉瘤病毒癌基因同源物(RAS)信号通路的主要和重要位点。在人类癌症中,BRAF 突变从未与致癌的 RAS 相吻合。据我们所知,这是第一份在患有 UC 的狗中同时出现 BRAF 突变(V595E)和 pBRAF 表达(位于 Thr598/Ser601)的报告。
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引用次数: 0
Correlation of hepatic copper levels, rhodanine scores and histological diagnosis in archived canine liver samples. 犬肝脏标本中肝铜水平、罗丹宁评分与组织学诊断的相关性。
IF 1.1 4区 农林科学 Q2 Veterinary Pub Date : 2022-10-01
Ashish Gupta, Ahmad Al-Dissi

The liver is the main storage site for copper. Excess copper accumulation, however, is a risk factor for the development of chronic hepatitis in dogs. Mass spectrometry or rhodanine staining are frequently used methods to assess copper levels in the liver. The association was studied between analytic hepatic copper levels and rhodanine scores in archived canine formalin-fixed-paraffinembedded liver sections from 2014 to 2021 with various diagnoses. Thirty-six (N = 36) liver samples with analytic interpretation of toxic (n = 12), high normal (n = 17), and normal (n = 7) copper levels were selected for the study. Rhodanine staining for each of these samples was graded (scale: 1 to 5), and the association was determined between actual liver copper levels and rhodanine scores and histological diagnoses (chronic hepatitis or other diagnoses). The analytic copper level and rhodanine scores were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in samples designated as toxic compared to normal. There was a significant association between hepatic copper levels and rhodanine scores (P < 0.05). Rhodanine score, but not the actual liver copper levels were significantly (P < 0.05) associated with chronic hepatitis versus other diagnoses. Rhodanine scores of ≥ 1.89 were statistically significant predictors of chronic hepatitis. It was concluded from this study that actual liver copper levels are positively associated with rhodanine scores and rhodanine scores can be a useful predictor of chronic hepatitis.

肝脏是铜的主要储存场所。然而,过量的铜积累是狗患慢性肝炎的一个危险因素。质谱法或罗丹宁染色是常用的方法来评估铜在肝脏中的水平。研究2014年至2021年不同诊断的犬福尔马林固定石蜡包埋肝脏切片分析肝铜水平与罗丹宁评分之间的关系。36例肝脏样本(N = 36),铜含量分析解释为毒性(N = 12)、高正常(N = 17)和正常(N = 7)。每个样本的罗丹宁染色被分级(等级:1到5),并确定实际肝铜水平与罗丹宁评分和组织学诊断(慢性肝炎或其他诊断)之间的关系。毒性样品的分析铜水平和罗丹宁评分明显高于正常样品(P < 0.05)。肝铜水平与罗丹宁评分有显著相关性(P < 0.05)。与其他诊断相比,罗丹宁评分与慢性肝炎有显著相关性(P < 0.05),而实际肝铜水平与慢性肝炎无显著相关性(P < 0.05)。罗丹宁评分≥1.89是慢性肝炎有统计学意义的预测因子。本研究得出结论,实际肝铜水平与罗丹宁评分呈正相关,罗丹宁评分可作为慢性肝炎的有效预测指标。
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引用次数: 0
Clinical findings and patient outcomes following surgical treatment of chronic gastrointestinal foreign body obstructions in dogs and cats: 72 cases (2010-2020). 犬、猫慢性胃肠道异物梗阻手术治疗的临床表现及患者预后:72例(2010-2020)
IF 1.1 4区 农林科学 Q2 Veterinary Pub Date : 2022-10-01
Tiffany Kan, Rebecka S Hess, Dana L Clarke

The objective of this study was to characterize clinicopathologic factors and outcomes for dogs and cats with chronic small intestinal foreign body obstructions (CFBO). Medical records of 72 dogs and cats diagnosed with CFBO between 2010 to 2020 were reviewed for duration of clinical signs, pre-surgical and intraoperative findings, complications, and outcomes. A chronic foreign body was defined as clinical signs, or the observation of foreign material ingestion, at least 7 days prior to presentation. Twenty-two (31%) patients had a small intestinal resection and anastomosis (SIRA) and were more likely to have longer duration of clinical signs (P = 0.01). Eleven (15%) patients developed major post-operative complications. Sixty-eight (94%) patients survived to follow-up. Although all patients that did not survive (n = 4, 100%) had a SIRA, patients with CFBO had a high survival rate. Therefore, clients should not be deterred from pursuing surgical intervention.

本研究的目的是描述患有慢性小肠异物阻塞(CFBO)的狗和猫的临床病理因素和结果。回顾了2010年至2020年间诊断为CFBO的72只狗和猫的医疗记录,包括临床症状的持续时间、术前和术中发现、并发症和结果。慢性异物被定义为临床症状,或至少在发病前7天观察到异物摄入。22例(31%)患者行小肠切除吻合术(SIRA),临床症状持续时间较长(P = 0.01)。11例(15%)患者出现了严重的术后并发症。68例(94%)患者存活至随访。虽然所有未存活的患者(n = 4,100%)都有SIRA,但CFBO患者的生存率很高。因此,不应阻止患者进行手术干预。
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引用次数: 0
Kaolin activation of recalcified citrated whole blood in a point-of-care viscoelastic coagulation test. 高岭土活化的再钙化柠檬酸全血在点护理粘弹性凝血试验。
IF 1.1 4区 农林科学 Q2 Veterinary Pub Date : 2022-10-01
Amy M Molitoris, Armelle M deLaforcade, Alexandra Pfaff, Elizabeth A Rozanski

The viscoelastic coagulation monitor (VCM) is described as a point-of-care analyzer relying on activation of fresh whole blood (FWB) via contact between 2 glass plates. Kaolin is used as an activator in thromboelastography to reduce variability and shorten clotting times. The goal of this study was to compare VCM results from kaolin-activated, recalcified citrated samples with that from FWB. The VCM testing was performed using FWB and kaolin-activated, recalcified citrated samples. The VCM results were recorded for clot time (CT; seconds), clot formation time (CFT; seconds), alpha (degree), amplitude at 10 and 20 minutes (A10 and A20; VCM units), maximum clot firmness (MCF; VCM units), and lysis index (LI; %). Values were compared using a t-test or Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test, with a P-value < 0.05 considered significant. Variability between samples was calculated using Levene's test. The VCM kaolin activation resulted in significantly faster CT and CFT (P < 0.0001), higher alpha angle (P < 0.001), and higher A10 and A20 (P = 0.007, P = 0.015) compared to FWB. There was no difference in MCF, LI30, or LI45. There was no difference in variability identified. The addition of kaolin to recalcified citrated whole blood VCM samples results in more rapid clotting of FWB alone and could be considered for clinical use in dogs.

粘弹性凝血监测仪(VCM)被描述为一种即时分析仪,依靠通过两块玻璃板之间的接触激活新鲜全血(FWB)。高岭土在血栓弹性成像中用作活化剂,以减少变异性和缩短凝血时间。本研究的目的是比较高岭土活化,重钙化柠檬酸样品的VCM结果与FWB的VCM结果。VCM测试使用FWB和高岭土活化、重钙化的柠檬酸样品进行。记录凝块时间(CT;秒),凝块形成时间(CFT;秒),alpha(度),振幅在10和20分钟(A10和A20;VCM单位),最大凝块硬度(MCF;VCM单位)和裂解指数(LI;%)。采用t检验或Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney检验比较,p值< 0.05为显著性。使用Levene检验计算样本间的可变性。与FWB相比,VCM高岭土活化显著提高了CT和CFT (P < 0.0001), α角(P < 0.001)和A10和A20 (P = 0.007, P = 0.015)。MCF、LI30和LI45没有差异。在可变性方面没有发现差异。将高岭土添加到重钙化柠檬酸全血VCM样品中,可使FWB单独凝血速度更快,可考虑用于狗的临床应用。
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引用次数: 0
Development of optimized protocol for culturing African swine fever virus field isolates in MA104 cells. MA104细胞培养非洲猪瘟病毒分离株优化方案的建立。
IF 1.1 4区 农林科学 Q2 Veterinary Pub Date : 2022-10-01
Hyeok-Il Kwon, Duy Tien Do, Hung Van Vo, Seung-Chul Lee, Min Ho Kim, Dung Thi Thuy Nguyen, Tan Minh Tran, Quang Tin Vinh Le, Tram Thi Ngoc Ngo, Nam Minh Nguyen, Joo Young Lee, Toan Tat Nguyen

The goal of this study was to identify a candidate commercial cell line for the replication of African swine fever virus (ASFV) by comparing several available cell lines with various medium factors. In the sensitivity test of cells, MA104 and MARC-145 had strong potential for ASFV replication. Next, MA104 cells were used to compare the adaptation of ASFV obtained from tissue homogenates and blood samples in various infectious media. At the 10th passage, the ASFV obtained from the blood sample had a significantly higher viral load than that obtained from the tissue sample (P = 0.000), exhibiting a mean cycle threshold (Ct) value = 20.39 ± 1.99 compared with 25.36 ± 2.11. For blood samples, ASFV grew on infectious medium B more robustly than on infectious medium A (P = 0.006), corresponding to a Ct value = 19.58 ± 2.10 versus 21.20 ± 1.47. African swine fever virus originating from blood specimens continued to multiply gradually and peaked in the 15th passage, exhibiting a Ct value = 14.36 ± 0.22 in infectious medium B and a Ct value = 15.42 ± 0.14 in infectious medium A. When ASFV was cultured from tissue homogenates, however, there was no difference (P = 0.062) in ASFV growth between infectious media A and B. A model was developed to enhance ASFV replication through adaptation to MA104 cells. The lack of mutation at the genetic segments encoding p72, p54, p30, and the central hypervariable region (CVR) in serial culture passages is important in increasing the probability of maintaining immunogenicity when developing a vaccine candidate.

本研究的目的是通过比较几种具有不同培养基因素的可用细胞系,确定一种用于复制非洲猪瘟病毒(ASFV)的候选商业细胞系。在细胞敏感性试验中,MA104和MARC-145具有很强的ASFV复制潜力。接下来,使用MA104细胞比较从组织匀浆和血液样本中获得的ASFV在各种感染介质中的适应性。在第10代时,从血液样本中获得的ASFV病毒载量明显高于从组织样本中获得的病毒载量(P = 0.000),平均周期阈值(Ct)值为20.39±1.99,而从组织样本中获得的病毒载量为25.36±2.11。在血液样本中,ASFV在感染培养基B上比在感染培养基A上生长更强劲(P = 0.006),对应的Ct值分别为19.58±2.10和21.20±1.47。来自血液标本的非洲猪瘟病毒继续逐渐繁殖,并在第15代达到顶峰,在感染培养基B中Ct值为14.36±0.22,在感染培养基a中Ct值为15.42±0.14,而在组织培养液中培养ASFV时,ASFV在感染培养基a和B之间的生长没有差异(P = 0.062)。在连续培养传代中,编码p72、p54、p30和中央高变区(CVR)的基因片段缺乏突变,在开发候选疫苗时增加维持免疫原性的可能性是重要的。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluation of mechanical properties of self-expanding metal stents for optimization of tracheal collapse in dogs. 优化犬气管塌陷的自膨胀金属支架力学性能评价。
IF 1.1 4区 农林科学 Q2 Veterinary Pub Date : 2022-07-01
Ji-Hyun Kim, Jin-Young Choi, Hun-Young Yoon

The objective of this study was to compare the mechanical properties, including radial, axial, and bending forces, of various self-expanding metal stents with different wire diameters. The radial forces generated through longitudinal and cylindrical compression, along with axial and bending forces, were measured and used to evaluate the mechanical properties of 3 types of self-expanding metal stents (n = 3); the most suitable type was further assessed with 4 different wire diameters (n = 3). The D-type stent (double-wire woven uncovered nitinol stent) had the highest radial force and the lowest axial force and hence, was the most suitable for clinical use; however, its bending force was the lowest, corroborating the results of the axial force measurements. Therefore, the D-type stent was further evaluated using the following wire diameters: i) 0.127, ii) 0.152, iii) 0.178, and iv) 0.203 mm. When the wire diameter was increased by 0.025 mm, the measured radial, axial, and bending forces increased significantly. Thus, the adequate wire diameter should be determined based on the anatomical structure of stents. The mechanical properties of self-expanding stents should be considered in selecting the optimal design for tracheal collapse in dogs.

本研究的目的是比较不同钢丝直径的自膨胀金属支架的力学性能,包括径向、轴向和弯曲力。测量经纵向和圆柱压缩产生的径向力以及轴向和弯曲力,评价3种自膨胀金属支架的力学性能(n = 3);采用4种不同丝径(n = 3)进一步评估最适合的支架类型。d型支架(双丝编织无盖镍钛诺支架)径向力最大,轴向力最低,最适合临床使用;然而,它的弯曲力是最低的,证实了轴向力测量的结果。因此,d型支架采用以下丝径进行进一步评价:i) 0.127, ii) 0.152, iii) 0.178, iv) 0.203 mm。当线材直径增加0.025 mm时,测得的径向、轴向和弯曲力显著增加。因此,应根据支架的解剖结构确定合适的丝径。自膨胀支架的力学性能是选择犬气管塌陷最佳支架设计时应考虑的因素。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Canadian journal of veterinary research = Revue canadienne de recherche veterinaire
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